CN100490658C - Method and apparatus for ventilating and modifying of grain storage - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for ventilating and modifying of grain storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN100490658C CN100490658C CNB2005100387123A CN200510038712A CN100490658C CN 100490658 C CN100490658 C CN 100490658C CN B2005100387123 A CNB2005100387123 A CN B2005100387123A CN 200510038712 A CN200510038712 A CN 200510038712A CN 100490658 C CN100490658 C CN 100490658C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an aeration quality-regulating method for grain storage. Said method makes the air flow into the grain storage be passed through water curtain, and mixed with water vapor vaporized from water curtain to humidify air so as to implement aeration and quality regulation of grain storage. Said invented equipment comprises air-humidifying device, fan and electric control device, and said air-humidifying device includes water curtain attachment device and water supplying device.
Description
(1) technical field: the inventive method belongs to the technical field of foodstuff preservation, relates in particular to the maintenance method of grain moisture content in the silo in large-scale grain storage storehouse.
(2) background technology: grain depot foodstuffs requires grain moisture content is stabilized within certain scope (about 13%～15%) in storage.Water content is too high, and grain is easily at the storehouse mesometamorphism; Water content is low excessively, and in the processing of grain after delivering from godown, broken rice rate can increase, and head rice rate or rice milling yield reduce, the food flavor variation, and also variable grain gets firmlyer, makes its machining characteristic degenerate (for example machining efficient reduces, wear and tear in machines accelerate).By the improvement of grain depot draft type, make the water content of storage grain be controlled at work in the critical field, it is modified or humidification is modified to be called the ventilation of foodstuff preservation.
In the practical situation, in order to ensure storage safety, the water content controlling value is often on the low side during the grain storage warehouse-in, add the moisture loss in grain depot ventilation and the storage, grain moisture content is often below 13% during outbound, so grain depot grain storage water content is crossed low and how to be stablized the grain storage water content and becomes the subject matter that grain storage should solve.
The prior art that is close most with the inventive method is the air of spraying mechanical humidification being sent in the storehouse with blower fan of domestic public use, when the spraying humidification air passes through the grain layer, gives the grain humidification.Utilize the shortcoming of said method humidification to be: the water particle of mechanical spraying is big and inhomogeneous, is difficult for vaporization in air, is suspended in the air with the form of the globule, and the grain suction is inhomogeneous, and the grain that suction exceeds standard is easy to go bad.Secondly, the coupling of ventilation and spray amount is difficult to control, and when ventilation is big, contains the mist quantity not sufficient in the unit volume air, and ventilation hour contains the supersaturation of mist amount in the air, be with water particle in the air.
(3) summary of the invention: the objective of the invention is at above-mentioned existing shortcoming to grain storage humidification hardening and tempering method, provide another kind of foodstuff preservation ventilation modified method, this method can make grain depot under the varying environment temperature, it is modified to ventilate, grain uniform high-efficiency humidification is preserved moisture, the water content of grain can be controlled within the critical field.
The technical scheme of the inventive method is as follows:
The inventive method is sent into the grain storage storehouse with humidifying air by blower fan, and modified to storage grain humidification, the formation method of described humidifying air is as follows: make to flow into air through moisture film, moisture film is vaporizated into water vapour, this water vapour mixes with the inflow air, forms humidifying air.Described moisture film generation method is as follows: the surface of drenching in the moisture film attachment material is fallen in water, generate moisture film.Moisture film attachment material wherein is a kind of hydrophilic material, can will fall pouring moisture content thereon and be uniformly distributed in the surface.
For the modified degree of the humidification of grain storage being fed back and being controlled, need to calculate the water absorption of grain storage humidification.The inventive method uses Temperature Humidity Sensor measurement warehouse entry humidifying air and its to the difference of the modified air water capacity that delivers from godown that flows out afterwards of grain storage humidification and the air output of measuring blower fan, calculates the water absorption of grain storage then.And can be according to the difference of the described water capacity of measuring, the rotating speed that utilizes frequency converter to regulate described blower fan is regulated the air output of humidifying air.
The inventive method can be according to the difference of ambient air temperature, choose the modified measure of different humidifications: when temperature outside the storehouse is higher than in the storehouse grain temperature mean value, suck the storehouse outer air and carry out humidification, the air that the humidifying air of formation flows out after modified the grain storage humidification enters outside the storehouse in the atmosphere; When temperature outside the storehouse was lower than in the storehouse grain temperature mean value, the air that described humidifying air flows out after modified the grain storage humidification was through pipeline circulation carrying out moisture film vaporization humidification, and it is modified that humidification is carried out in grain storage.It is modified that the former is called the ventilation of direct current wind, and the latter is called circulated air and ventilates modified.
For making the grain storage humidification even, described humidifying air can also be modified to the grain storage layering humidification in grain storage storehouse by vertical tube.
The inventive method has following superior technique effect than prior art:
1, moisture content with the water film evaporation be the form of water vapour to the air equal-enthalpy humidifying, the water vapour particle is thin and evenly, thereby to the even humidification and preserving moisture of grain storage, prevents that grain storage from denaturalization phenomenon taking place owing to humidification is inhomogeneous, effectively improves the security of foodstuff preservation.
2, the wet film attachment material has good moisture film load-bearing capacity, and under nominal air delivery, moisture film is vaporized fully, it is big that the water vapour humidifying air that forms is taken wet amount, relative air humidity all can reach more than 90%, makes the water content of grain be easy to humidification to critical field, humidification efficiency height.
3, can under varying environment temperature and grain feelings, take different humidification hardening and tempering methods, improve the modified validity of humidification grain storage.
4, prior art to grain storage with the multilayer multi-point sampling, measure the method for moisture and adopt average weighted computational methods directly to measure the water content of grain with the moisture measuring instrument again, the difference of sample point position and quantity, measurement result has than big-difference, test data is inaccurate, and operation is bothersome.The inventive method is measured warehouse entry, the air water capacity difference that delivers from godown and humid air flow, calculates the water absorption of grain storage then, and testing result accurately, fast, and is easy to operate.Secondly,, learn the grain storage water-taking efficiency immediately, change modified measure immediately, thereby avoid that humidification is modified to be moved under the blindness state, make apparatus of the present invention remain on high efficiency running status according to above-mentioned water capacity difference and by electric-control system.Once more,, can also adopt the air output of conversion method adjusting humidifying air immediately, reach the requirement of the modified critical field of humidification, the humidification amount is stable at optimum state, make the unit air volume income at one's best according to above-mentioned water capacity difference.The humidification of the inventive method is modified to be in energy-conservation and the economical operation state.
(4) vertical view of a kind of foodstuff preservation ventilation modifying device of implementing the inventive method and providing is provided description of drawings: Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 is an A-A direction cut-away view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a B-B direction cut-away view among Fig. 1
Fig. 4 is a C-C direction cut-away view among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 adheres to the front view of support body for wet film in Fig. 1 device;
Fig. 6 is the D-D direction cut-away view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 utilizes Fig. 1 device to implement the modified schematic diagram of direct current wind ventilation;
Fig. 8 utilizes Fig. 1 device to implement the modified schematic diagram of circulated air ventilation;
Fig. 9 utilizes Fig. 1 device to implement the modified schematic diagram of layering humidification.
The top cover dismounting of installing among Fig. 1, the device among Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 contains top cover.
(5) specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the concrete enforcement of this bright method is made an explanation.
See Fig. 1, damping device in the foodstuff preservation ventilation modifying device comprises the feedway of moisture film attachment device 4 and water, see Fig. 5, Fig. 6, moisture film attachment device 4 is that 21 is the supporting frame of support body by the superimposed support body that constitutes of waveform sheet moisture film attachment material 20 layerings.The organic material moisture film attachment material that embodiment preferably adopts Sweden MUNTERS company to produce, the also available other materials of moisture film attachment material, for example stainless steel wire fiber.Moisture film attachment device 4 also can connect transversely arranged series metal pipe by metal fin and constitute, and as car heat exchanger formula structure, this moment, the series metal pipe of metal fin and connection thereof was the moisture film attachment material.But the preferred Fig. 5 of embodiment, moisture film attachment device shown in Figure 6.
See Fig. 1, a side of moisture film attachment device 4 is provided with air intake passage 10, and the blower fan 2 that humidifying air is sent into the grain storage storehouse is installed on the opposite side of moisture film attachment device 4, and the motor of blower fan 2 is connected with variable-frequency governor, and variable-frequency governor is installed in the electric control gear 3.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the feedway of water comprises cyclic water tank 5, water pump 6, the cloth tank 17 that is linked in sequence by pipeline, sees Fig. 2, and moisture film attachment device 4 is positioned at the below of cloth tank 17, and apopore is arranged at the bottom of cloth tank 17.
1 is shell among Fig. 1, and 18 for opening another inspection door on shell, in order to check unit ruuning situation.19 is the air outlet of humidifying air F2.
When implementing the inventive method with Fig. 1 device, see Fig. 1, Fig. 7, install Temperature Humidity Sensor T1, T2, T3 respectively in the port of export of humidifying air F2, air outlet in the silo 22 and the outside of casing 1 respectively, its transducing signal is connected with electric control gear 3 respectively, with temperature and the humidity of measuring three places.
The process that Fig. 1 device is implemented the inventive method is as follows:
At first the Temperature Humidity Sensor T3 by the casing outside measures temperature outside the storehouse, measures average grain temperature in the storehouse by the cable for measuring temperature and the computer apparatus of prior art.
When temperature outside the storehouse is greater than or equal to average grain temperature or atmospheric temperature more than 6 ℃ the time, it is modified to adopt direct current wind to ventilate to grain storage: see Fig. 1, open the air door 7 and the air inlet 8 of Fig. 1 device both sides, close circulated air choke valve 14, see Fig. 7, open the vent window 23 and the door 28 of silo 22, see Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, connect the power supply of apparatus of the present invention, ON cycle water pump 6, blower fan 2, the water in the cyclic water tank 5 is promoted by water pump 6, arrives cloth tank 17 by water supply line 16, the apopore of cloth tank 17 is evenly distributed to the surface of the attachment material of moisture film attachment device 4 with water, forms water film.Storehouse outer air F1 enters air channel 10 through air inlet 8, filter 9, under the suction function of blower fan 2, flows through and the vaporize water rete, and water vapour and air F1 are mixed into humidifying air F2.The unevaporated part of moisture film falls into cyclic water tank 5, again by water pump 6 circularly enhancings.The water level of cyclic water tank 5 is by 15 moisturizings of moisturizing pipeline.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 7, humidifying air F2 is pressed into air outlet 19 by blower fan 2, enters the ventilation duct 26 of silo 22 through air supply duct, flows into grain storage 27 from bottom to top, to the grain storage humidification modified after, the air F3 of outflow enters outside the storehouse in the atmosphere through left and right vent window 23.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 8, when temperature outside the storehouse that records is lower than average grain temperature or atmospheric temperature below 6 ℃ the time, for keeping air vaporization moisture film temperature required, it is modified to adopt circulated air to ventilate to grain storage: close air door 7 and air inlet 8, close the vent window 23 and the door 28 of silo 22, humidifying air F2 to the grain storage humidification modified after, the air F3 that flows out through circulated air outlet 24 and circulation airduct 25, circulated air choke valve 14, circulated air air inlet 12, wind inlet channel 10, enters moisture film attachment device 4 circulation humidifications in proper order.When the circulated air temperature was low, the circulated air F3 of 11 pairs of backflows of opening electric heater heated, to strengthen the effect to water film evaporation and air wetting.
This bright method also can adopt another humidification method to the silo grain storage, see Fig. 9, adopt humidification method from top to bottom: the grain layer is divided into multilayer in vertical direction, Fig. 9 embodiment is three layers, about 1.5 meters of floor heights, in the grain storage layer, insert the vertical tube 29 of even perforate by vertical direction, humidifying air F2 sends into 29 pairs of I layer grain storages of equally distributed vertical tube humidification through ajutage, this moment is with the sampling device of deep layer sampling and measure grain layer humidity, humidification modified up to standard after, with vertically making the pipe machine is pushed into following II, the grain storage of III layer, successively humidification 29 times with vertical tube.This kind humidification method is undertaken by the modified mode of circulated air humidification.Air after the humidification upper strata is discharged through following grain layer and airduct 26, and the humidification time of therefore following grain layer should successively successively decrease, and ventilation duct 26 becomes discharge pipe.Temperature Humidity Sensor T2 is installed on the air-out end of airduct 26 among Fig. 9.The same parts label is corresponding with Fig. 7, Fig. 8 among Fig. 9.Successively the advantage of humidification is that humidification is even, can progressively reduce ventilation, reduces operating cost.
Among Fig. 1, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, the electric control gear 3 that utilizes Temperature Humidity Sensor T1, T2, T3 and be electrically connected with it, during humidification is modified, automatically the humidification amount data that detect, write down and calculate grain storage, parameters such as automatic adjusting and control humidification temperature, time, ventilation, the electronic control technology of employing belongs to prior art.In the inventive method, measure the water capacity difference of the warehouse entry humidifying air F2 and the air F3 that delivers from godown by Temperature Humidity Sensor T1, T2, with the air output that is installed on the anemobiagraph measurement blower fan 2 in the humidifying air F2 air-out passage, automatically calculate the water absorption of grain storage then, by the modified operation of water absorption control humidification, this process is the process of a continuous monitoring.In addition, in the inventive method, according to above-mentioned water capacity difference, the rotating speed that utilizes frequency converter to regulate blower fan is regulated the air output of humidifying air F2.
Claims (1)
1, the method that the foodstuff preservation ventilation is modified, water is fallen on the surface of drenching in the moisture film attachment material, generate moisture film, with blower fan blown in the grain storage storehouse, make the wind of sending into through described moisture film, form the warehouse entry humidifying air, it is modified with the warehouse entry humidifying air humidification to be carried out in the grain storage in the grain storage storehouse, use Temperature Humidity Sensor measurement warehouse entry humidifying air and its to the difference of the modified air water capacity that delivers from godown afterwards of grain storage humidification and the air output of measuring blower fan, calculate the water absorption of grain storage then, difference according to the described water capacity of measuring, the rotating speed that utilizes frequency converter to regulate described blower fan is regulated the air output of warehouse entry humidifying air, it is characterized in that when temperature outside the storehouse is higher than in the storehouse grain temperature mean value, sucking the storehouse outer air with described blower fan blows to the grain storage storehouse, make the wind sent into through described moisture film, form the warehouse entry humidifying air, the air that delivers from godown after modified enters outside the storehouse in the atmosphere this warehouse entry humidifying air to the grain storage humidification; When temperature outside the storehouse was lower than in the storehouse grain temperature mean value, described warehouse entry humidifying air is the air after modified to the grain storage humidification, carries out described moisture film vaporization humidification through the pipeline circulation, and it is modified that humidification is carried out in grain storage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100387123A CN100490658C (en) | 2005-04-05 | 2005-04-05 | Method and apparatus for ventilating and modifying of grain storage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005100387123A CN100490658C (en) | 2005-04-05 | 2005-04-05 | Method and apparatus for ventilating and modifying of grain storage |
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| CN1709021A CN1709021A (en) | 2005-12-21 |
| CN100490658C true CN100490658C (en) | 2009-05-27 |
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| CNB2005100387123A Expired - Fee Related CN100490658C (en) | 2005-04-05 | 2005-04-05 | Method and apparatus for ventilating and modifying of grain storage |
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| CN102788399A (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2012-11-21 | 湖南粮食集团有限责任公司 | Grain humidification system for warehouse |
| CN103453610A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州康华净化系统工程有限公司 | Humidifier |
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| CN109906786A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-21 | 邹杰 | A kind of ventilation management system used in grain storing process |
| CN112833643B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-08-26 | 北京中城汇联科技发展有限公司青岛研发中心 | Electric heat blast air drying cabinet for cell culture |
| CN114223409A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-25 | 西安交通大学 | Tempering system utilizing air source heat pump and ultrasonic equipment |
| CN114830922B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-11-03 | 山东金钟科技集团股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for regulating and controlling stored grain ecology and computer readable storage medium |
| CN116773046B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-11-07 | 中储粮成都储藏研究院有限公司 | Heating judgment method based on granary temperature |
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