CN100483869C - Pulse laser for increasing outputting stability - Google Patents
Pulse laser for increasing outputting stability Download PDFInfo
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- CN100483869C CN100483869C CNB2007100871591A CN200710087159A CN100483869C CN 100483869 C CN100483869 C CN 100483869C CN B2007100871591 A CNB2007100871591 A CN B2007100871591A CN 200710087159 A CN200710087159 A CN 200710087159A CN 100483869 C CN100483869 C CN 100483869C
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Abstract
The invention is concerned with the pulsed laser that can improve the outputting stability, consists of: the pumping source, the laser gain medium, the cavity lens and the temperature controlling equipment. The characteristic is: improves the stability of the laser transverse mode structure and the longitudinal mode by adjusting the temperature setting of the temperature controlling equipment, improves the stability of the outputting pulse, includes the stability of the pulse peak value power, the repeat frequency and the pulse width.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability, belong to the laser technique field.
Background technology
Pulse laser has been brought into play important effect in fields such as industrial processes, message transmission, remote sensings.At present, passive Q-adjusted technology and gain switch technology are laser pulse generating techniques relatively more commonly used.
Generally speaking, passive Q-regulaitng laser has higher output stability (stability that comprises pulse peak power, repetition rate and pulse duration) near threshold value, along with the raising of pump power, pulse repetition frequency is linear growth substantially, but output stability reduces simultaneously.
Causing passive Q-regulaitng laser to export one of unsettled reason is the pump power instability, can reduce the instability that this reason causes to a great extent by pre-pump technology, see following documents and materials for details: 1. W.J.Mandeville, K.M.Dinndorf, and N.E.Champigny, Characterization of passively Q-switched microchip lasers forlaser radar, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol.2748, pp358-366; 2. Weiyu Wang, Mali Gong, and GuofanJin, Pulse control of passively Q-switched microchip laser with CW pumping modulation, Proceedings of SPIE, Vol.3899, pp455-460; 3. world patent, the patent No.: WO97/31411; 4. Chinese patent, the patent No.: CN00103362.X.
Causing passive Q-regulaitng laser to export unsettled Another reason is spontaneous emission noise, can adopt impulse semiconductor laser that saturable absorber is carried out method with the synchronous irradiation of laser signal, reducing the instability that this reason causes (sees for details: Sheng-Lung Huang, Tsung-Yuan Tsui, Chien-Hung Wang and Fu-Jen Kao, Timing jitter reductionof a passively Q-switched laser, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Vol.38, pp239-241).
Test shows, more than two kinds of methods the output of stablizing passive Q-regulaitng laser is had certain effect, but also have some limitation.Pre-pump technology can be realized higher repetition stability, but the multiple-pulse that passive Q-regulaitng laser shows under high repetition output phenomenon, pre-pump technology can't be eliminated.Method to saturable absorber shines synchronously has some improvement to the laser output stability, but can not reach desirable effect.In addition, this method is broadening laser output pulse width to a certain extent also, reduces peak power.
Test shows that the stability of gain switch laser output repetition and peak power reduces with the increase of repetition.
Detailed analysis of experiments shows that temperature has material impact to passive Q-adjusted and stability gain switch laser, can attempt adopting temperature controlled method to realize the stable output of passive Q-adjusted and gain switch laser.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to export unsettled shortcoming, propose a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability at pulse laser.
The invention is characterized in: contain at least: pumping source, gain medium, chamber mirror and temperature control equipment; Described chamber mirror comprises an Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror and an outgoing mirror at least; Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror is to the high reflection of laser; The emission spectra of pumping source and the absorption spectra of gain medium coupling; Gain medium is the solid laser working substance that produces laser output; The pump light that pumping source sends is direct, or by incident laser gain media behind the coupling device; Outgoing mirror is set the transmitance of optical maser wavelength; A gain medium is set between Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror and the outgoing mirror at least; The temperature control equipment that is used to improve the pulse laser output stability comprises: heat sink and temperature controller, the heat sink gain medium of holding, and with its thermo-contact, temperature controller and heat sink thermo-contact are to control heat sink temperature; By regulating the temperature setting of temperature control equipment, improve the transverse mode or the longitudinal mode stability of structure of laser, to improve the output pulse stability.
Described gain medium and saturable absorber can be combined into complex media.
In described gain medium, can mix laser gain element and saturable absorption element simultaneously, constitute the laser medium that self-saturation absorbs.
Can be provided with one at described laser output and observe the longitudinal mode structure of starting of oscillation in the laser cavity and the observation device of output pulse waveform simultaneously, this device comprises: spectroscope, method-Fabry-Parot interferent instrument, normal optical electric explorer, high-speed photodetector and oscilloscope; Spectroscope is divided into two bundles being input to this spectroscopical laser; Method-Fabry-Parot interferent instrument is sent to the normal optical electric explorer after the first bundle laser of this spectroscope output is interfered; After the beam split second bundle laser input high-speed photodetector; Oscilloscope shows the output signal of telecommunication of described normal optical electric explorer and high-speed photodetector.
Described pumping source is semiconductor laser or photoflash lamp, and pump mode is any in following end pumping, profile pump, seamed edge pumping and the angle pumping.
Described saturable absorber is any in saturable absorption crystal, semiconductor saturable absorber, semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror and the organic dyestuff.
At least one can be plated in the form of optical thin film on the logical light face of gain medium or saturable absorber in the mirror of described chamber.
Described Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror can be plated in gain medium on the end face of pumping source with the form of optical thin film, anti-reflection to pump light; Outgoing mirror can be plated in gain medium or saturable absorber with the form of optical thin film on the end face of output, to the high reflection of pump light; The pump light that pumping source is launched can be coupled by optical fiber, incident laser gain media after the lens focus.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: the present invention proposes passes through the method that temperature control improves the pulse laser output stability, compare with conventional art have simply effective, applied widely, do not reduce advantage such as laser output performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of first embodiment of the pulse laser of raising output stability provided by the invention.
The dipulse output pattern that Fig. 2 collects for oscilloscope provided by the invention, pulse signal is a negative level, is pulse signals repeated acquisition and the waveform result after overlapping shown in the figure.
Fig. 3 is the debugging apparatus figure that is used to realize the output of passive Q-regulaitng laser high stable provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a stable 100kHz single longitudinal mode laser pulse output pattern provided by the invention, pulse signal is a negative level, the impulse waveform that collects when inserting figure and be temporal resolution for lns/div is pulse signals repeated acquisition and the waveform result after overlapping shown in the figure
Fig. 5 (a) is under the two longitudinal mode starting of oscillation situations of passive Q-regulaitng laser provided by the invention, the relation between gain spectrum, longitudinal mode structure spectral line and the gain for threshold value line.
Fig. 5 (b) is under the passive Q-regulaitng laser single longitudinal mode starting of oscillation situation provided by the invention, the relation between gain spectrum, longitudinal mode structure spectral line and the gain for threshold value line.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of second embodiment of the pulse laser of raising output stability provided by the invention.
Among Fig. 1～Fig. 6,1-semiconductor laser, 2-coupled fiber, 3-pump light, 4-coupled lens, 5-gain medium, 6-be plated in Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror on the gain medium end face, 7-bonding face with the optical thin film form, 8-saturable absorber, 9-be plated in outgoing mirror on the gain medium end face with the optical thin film form, the output of 10-laser, 11-laser output high impulse, the low pulse of 12-laser output, 13-red copper is heat sink, 14-semiconductor cooler, 15-spectroscope, 16-method-Fabry-Parot interferent instrument, 17-normal optical electric explorer, 18-high-speed photodetector, 19-oscilloscope, 20-gain spectrum, 21-gain for threshold value line, the longitudinal mode structure spectral line under 22-two longitudinal mode starting of oscillation situations, the longitudinal mode structure spectral line under 23-single longitudinal mode starting of oscillation situation.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is first embodiment of the pulse laser of raising output stability provided by the invention, comprising: semiconductor laser 1, coupled fiber 2, coupled lens 4, Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror 5, gain medium 5, saturable absorber 8, outgoing mirror 9, red copper is heat sink 13 and semiconductor cooler 14.Thought of the present invention can be applied to the laser of various chambeies type, as straight chamber, folding chamber, annular chamber etc., can adopt various pump modes such as various pumping sources such as semiconductor laser, photoflash lamp and end pumping, profile pump, seamed edge pumping and angle pumping.Here the passive Q-adjusted microwafer laser of selecting the semiconductor laser end pumping for use is just as a convenient embodiment who illustrates of the present invention.
In this embodiment, gain medium 5 is the solid laser working substances that produce laser output, and saturable absorber 8 can be any in saturable absorption crystal, semiconductor saturable absorber, semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror and the organic dyestuff.Gain medium 5 and saturable absorber 8 bondings become complex media, also can adopt other technology to constitute complex media, as liquid phase epitaxy, vapour phase epitaxy, metal organic chemical vapor deposition etc.; Also can will can mix laser gain element and saturable absorption element simultaneously in the gain medium 5, constitute the laser medium that self-saturation absorbs.Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror 6 is plated in gain media 5 on the end face of semiconductor laser 1 with the form of optical thin film, and is anti-reflection to pump light 3, high anti-to laser.Outgoing mirror 9 is plated in saturable absorber 8 on the end face of output with the form of optical thin film, to pump light 3 high reflections, the reflectivity of laser is set.Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror 6 and outgoing mirror 9 can also be discrete chamber mirrors.The pump light that semiconductor laser 1 is launched focuses on back incident laser gain media 5 by optical fiber 2 couplings and lens 4.
Gain media 5 is injected pump power, and along with the raising of pump power, laser output repetition improves, and near output stability threshold value is higher.Along with the raising of repetition, can export two groups of pulses that do not wait pulsewidth and peak power usually, 11 are depicted as one group of high impulse, and 12 are depicted as one group low pulse, as shown in Figure 2.Two group pulses output makes laser output stability severe exacerbation
Figure 3 shows that the debugging apparatus figure that realizes the output of passive Q-regulaitng laser high stable.Micro-slice laser (comprising 5～9) keeps good thermo-contact with red copper heat sink 13, adopts semiconductor cooler 14 to carry out temperature control.Laser output 10 is divided into two bundles by spectroscope 15, and a branch of by method-Fabry-Parot interferent instrument 16, incident normal optical electric explorer 17 is converted into light signal the signal of telecommunication and inserts oscilloscope 19; Another bundle incident high-speed photodetector 18 inserts oscilloscope 19 after light signal is converted into the signal of telecommunication.Therefore on oscilloscope 19, can observe the longitudinal mode structure and the output pulse waveform of starting of oscillation in the laser cavity simultaneously.
Under the situation of dipulse output, can be observed two longitudinal mode starting of oscillations, the longitudinal mode structure can be read by oscilloscope 19, and each longitudinal mode intensity does not wait.At this moment, change the supply current of semiconductor cooler 14, the temperature of regulating passive Q-adjusted micro-slice laser.Make the laser resonant cavity optical path length variation, each longitudinal mode 22 gain changes.Can observe on oscilloscope 19, in thermoregulator process, a certain longitudinal mode intensity is strengthened gradually, and other longitudinal mode weakens gradually, disappears, up to obtaining single longitudinal mode 23 vibrations.Simultaneously, can observe two group pulses output and be converted into single group pulse output on oscilloscope 19, output pulse width and peak power reach advantages of higher stability.Figure 4 shows that the stable 100kHz single longitudinal mode laser pulse output pattern that obtains by temperature control.
Realize that by regulating the microchip laser actuator temperature principle of longitudinal mode control is described as follows in conjunction with Fig. 5: because passive Q-adjusted micro-slice laser chamber length, longitudinal mode spacing is big, is subjected to the restriction of gain media 5 gain live widths, can generally be no more than two by the longitudinal mode number of starting of oscillation in the chamber.When adopting higher pump power, can exist two longitudinal modes 22 to satisfy starting condition for oscillation, generally speaking, two longitudinal mode 22 gains not exclusively equate, shown in Fig. 5 (a).In first pulse period, longitudinal mode i output laser pulse consumes upset population that should longitudinal mode crest location on cavity space distributes.Owing to there is effects of spatial, the crest location of longitudinal mode ii does not overlap with longitudinal mode i, makes that the gain of longitudinal mode ii can be greater than longitudinal mode i in second pulse period, longitudinal mode ii starting of oscillation, output laser pulse.In like manner, in the 3rd pulse period, longitudinal mode i starting of oscillation.So repeatedly, two longitudinal modes 22 replace starting of oscillation in the different pulse periods, thereby laser is exported two group pulses.The peak power of two group pulses and pulsewidth do not wait, and mainly are because the gain difference of two longitudinal modes.Because crystal refractive index and thickness all are the functions of temperature, the temperature that changes crystal can change the frequency of each longitudinal mode, makes the longitudinal mode gain spectrum move to left or move to right, and the gain of two longitudinal modes changes.When a certain longitudinal mode was positioned at the center of (or being close in) gain spectrum, other longitudinal mode made laser single longitudinal mode 23 vibrate owing to too little being suppressed of gain, and the pulse of output stabilized lasers is shown in Fig. 5 (b).
Fig. 6 is second embodiment of the pulse laser of raising output stability provided by the invention.Its structure and first embodiment are similar, and difference is to include only gain medium 5 between Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror 6 and the outgoing mirror 9, and outgoing mirror 9 directly is plated in gain media 5 on the end face of output.In this embodiment, obtain laser pulse output 10 by pulse pump.Principle and first embodiment basically identical of its debugging apparatus and raising pulse output stability.
Claims (8)
1. a pulse laser that improves output stability is characterized in that, described pulse laser contains at least: pumping source, gain medium, chamber mirror, temperature control equipment; Described chamber mirror comprises an Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror and an outgoing mirror at least, and Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror is to the high reflection of laser, and outgoing mirror is set the transmitance of optical maser wavelength; The emission spectra of pumping source and the absorption spectra of gain medium coupling; Gain medium is the solid laser working substance that produces laser output; The pump light that pumping source sends is direct, or by incident laser gain media behind the coupling device; A described gain medium is set between described Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror and the outgoing mirror at least; Described temperature control equipment comprises: heat sink and temperature controller, heat sinkly hold described gain medium, and with its thermo-contact, temperature controller and heat sink thermo-contact, to control heat sink temperature, by regulating the temperature setting of described temperature control equipment, improve the transverse mode or the longitudinal mode stability of structure of laser, to improve the output pulse stability;
Be provided with one at the laser output of described pulse laser and observe the longitudinal mode structure of starting of oscillation in the laser cavity and the observation device of output pulse waveform simultaneously, this device comprises: spectroscope, method-Fabry-Parot interferent instrument, normal optical electric explorer, high-speed photodetector and oscilloscope; Spectroscope is divided into two bundles being input to this spectroscopical laser, method-Fabry-Parot interferent instrument is sent to described normal optical electric explorer after the first bundle laser of this spectroscope output is interfered, after the beam split second bundle laser input high-speed photodetector, oscilloscope shows the output signal of telecommunication of described normal optical electric explorer and high-speed photodetector.
2. a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability according to claim 1 is characterized in that described gain medium and saturable absorber are combined into complex media.
3. a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability according to claim 1 is characterized in that, mixes laser gain element and saturable absorption element in described gain medium simultaneously, constitutes the laser medium that self-saturation absorbs.
4. according to any one described a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described pumping source is a semiconductor laser, and pump mode is any in end pumping, profile pump, seamed edge pumping and the angle pumping.
5. according to any one described a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that described pumping source is a photoflash lamp.
6. a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described saturable absorber is any in saturable absorption crystal, semiconductor saturable absorber, semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror and the organic dyestuff.
7. a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, at least one form with optical thin film is plated on the logical light face of gain medium or saturable absorber in the mirror of described chamber.
8. a kind of pulse laser that improves output stability according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described Effect of Back-Cavity Mirror is plated in gain medium on the end face of pumping source with the form of optical thin film, and is anti-reflection to pump light; Described coupling device is made of optical fiber and lens, the pump light that pumping source sends by optical fiber coupling and lens focus after the incident gain media; Described outgoing mirror is plated in gain medium or saturable absorber on the end face of output, to the high reflection of pump light with the form of optical thin film.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103618208B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2016-08-17 | 聊城大学 | A kind of micro integrated ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser module of optical fiber coupling |
| CN104124605B (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2018-04-27 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | A kind of radiator of high power solid state laser |
| CN104184027A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-03 | 奉化市宇创产品设计有限公司 | Passive Q-modulating microchip laser |
| CN104409950A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | High-power sub-hundred picosecond pulse laser system |
| CN109088305A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2018-12-25 | 深圳技术大学（筹） | A kind of laser light source |
| CN109616859A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 中山铟尼镭斯科技有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber femtosecond laser |
| US11881676B2 (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2024-01-23 | L3Harris Technologies, Inc. | End-pumped Q-switched laser |
| US11482828B2 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2022-10-25 | Thomas James Kane | Passively Q-switched laser and laser system for ranging applications |
| CN112290368A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-29 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Passive Q-switched laser repetition frequency stabilizing device |
| CN112467508B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-08 | 四川光天下激光科技有限公司 | Narrow pulse width laser |
| CN116667123B (en) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-09-22 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Chip-level vertical integrated passive Q-switched laser with polarization output characteristic |
| CN117526075A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-02-06 | 无锡卓海科技股份有限公司 | Solid laser and mode locking self-optimization method thereof |
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2007
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 激光原理. 周炳坤,高以智,陈倜嵘,陈家骅，第225页，国防工业出版社. 2000 |
| 激光原理. 周炳坤,高以智,陈倜嵘,陈家骅，第225页，国防工业出版社. 2000 * |
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