CN100479749C - 带有手指夹紧悬挂系统的手指血氧计 - Google Patents

带有手指夹紧悬挂系统的手指血氧计 Download PDF

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CN100479749C
CN100479749C CNB2006101624493A CN200610162449A CN100479749C CN 100479749 C CN100479749 C CN 100479749C CN B2006101624493 A CNB2006101624493 A CN B2006101624493A CN 200610162449 A CN200610162449 A CN 200610162449A CN 100479749 C CN100479749 C CN 100479749C
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finger
revocable
finger grip
grip portion
oximeter
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CN101015455A (zh
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S·帕拉特尼克
D·多纳斯
R·拉梅尔
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Smiths Medical ASD Inc
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BCI Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/6813Specially adapted to be attached to a specific body part
    • A61B5/6825Hand
    • A61B5/6826Finger
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A61B5/14551Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
    • A61B5/14552Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/68Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
    • A61B5/6801Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
    • A61B5/683Means for maintaining contact with the body
    • A61B5/6838Clamps or clips

Abstract

一种手指血氧计,其具有固定的第一手指夹紧部分(4)和相对于该固定的第一手指夹紧部分(4)可移动的第二手指夹紧部分(2)。该手指夹紧部分安装到壳体(22)上,第一手指夹紧部分(4)固定地联接到壳体(22)的顶部上,而第二手指夹紧部分(2)在壳体(22)内可垂直地移动。抵靠第二手指夹紧部分(2)连续地施加力,以便朝向第一手指夹紧部分(4)偏压该第二手指夹紧部分。偏压力具有足够的屈服性,以便当手指插入到两个手指夹紧部分(2、4)中时,可移动的第二手指夹紧部分(2)屈服施压到进入的手指上。偏压力均匀地分布到可移动的第二手指夹紧部分(2)上,以便实现用于手指血氧计的浮动手指夹持悬挂系统。

Description

带有手指夹紧悬挂系统的手指血氧计
技术领域
本发明涉及一种手指血氧计,尤其涉及一种具有悬挂系统的手指血氧计,其使得血氧计的手指夹紧部分稳固地且均匀地夹持患者的手指。
背景技术
存在大量已知的手指血氧计。通过,这些手指血氧计是使用传感器的脉搏血氧定量单元,并且共同作用的光电检测器检测由传感器发出的光,以便确定流经被测体手指的动脉血的血氧饱和度。为了照亮被测体的手指,并检测穿过该被测体手指的光,现有技术的手指血氧计通常具有手指夹紧机构,其具有两个手指夹紧部分。现有技术教示了这些通常由枢轴彼此铰接共同作用的手指夹紧部分。以下的美国专利明确地披露了借助某种铰接机构打开以接收手指的手指夹紧部分,该机构使得手指血氧计的手指夹紧部分围绕手指血氧计的一个端点枢转,这些专利是:4685464、5490523、5792052、5313940、5676139、5810724、5957840、6041247。
存在围绕手指包围两个手指夹紧部分的其它方法。其中一个方法是借助具有发光体的带将手指缚在光电检测器上,如美国专利5209230所述。另一种方法是借助于在手指夹紧部分的相应侧壁上的共同作用的齿共同地夹持两个手指夹紧部分。这披露于美国专利5339810。美国专利5311856披露了一种单件U形柔性保持器的应用,其张开时插入手指。
对于使用通过其相应侧壁的共同作用的夹持齿夹紧的两件式的手指夹紧部分的手指血氧计而言,存在着缺点,即因为手指夹紧部分锁定在给定尺寸,所以难以将手指从手指夹紧部分中取出。并且对于使用铰接的枢转机构的手指血氧计而言,手指夹紧部分向手指施加的力沿手指不均匀,并且当手指离开铰接位置时进一步减小。
发明内容
本发明的手指血氧计具有浮动的悬挂系统,其由一个手指夹紧部分和另一个手指夹紧部分形成,其中一个手指部分相对于另一个固定的部分可垂直地移动。抵靠可移动的手指夹紧部分施加偏压力,以便朝向固定的手指夹紧部分恒定地偏压该可移动的手指夹紧部分。两个共同作用的手指夹紧部分构形成其相对的表面的轮廓形成用于接收插入其间的手指的开口。抵靠可移动的手指夹紧部分的偏压力使得当手指插入到固定和可移动的手指夹紧部分之间时,可移动的手指夹紧部分可屈服,而且同时具有足够大的偏压力,以便将该可移动的手指夹紧部分推向固定的手指夹紧部分,沿手指的长度均匀分布力,由此使得两个手指夹紧部分固定地夹持置于其间的手指。
抵靠可移动的手指夹紧部分施加的力朝向该固定的手指夹紧部分对其偏压,该力由多个螺旋弹簧提供,该弹簧置于可移动的手指夹紧部分和壳体之间,并且可移动的手指夹紧部分沿壳体的侧壁导向地移动。该弹簧可固定到从壳体的相应侧壁的下部延伸的凸缘上,以便抵靠可移动的手指夹紧部分施加偏压力,从而使得可移动的手指夹紧部分可相对于该固定的手指夹紧部分垂直移动。
该固定的手指夹紧部分可安装凹壳体的上部,并且其构形成以便其上表面适于接收印刷电路板,该电路板具有安装在其上或蚀刻在其上的大量的电子部件或电路,其实施该手指血氧计的操作。显示器、发光二极管或其它装置也安装到该PC电路板上,以便显示代表从患者手指测量的患者的身体参数的数值。
手指夹紧部分还构形成具有相应的开孔,来自发光源的光经过该开孔从一个手指夹紧部分射向另一手指夹紧部分的对应开孔,其设置有相应的光电检测器。
为了给本发明的手指血氧计提供电力,电池组或模块安装到可移动的手指夹紧部分的底面上,以便与可移动的手指夹紧部分协调地移动。为了操作,使用者需要手动地启动安装到壳体上的开关。为了节能,如果不再使用,在预定时间段之后该装置可自动地关断。
因此本发明的一目的在于提供一种具有浮动悬挂系统的手指血氧计。
本发明的手指血氧计具有另一目的,即均匀地分布由其手指夹紧部分施加到被夹持的手指上的夹持力。
附图说明
参照附图并结合本发明的实施例的详细描述,可更好地理解本发明并使本发明的以上目的和优点清晰地呈现出来,在附图中:
图1是本发明的手指血氧计的各个部件在各个叠加位置的透视图;
图2是图1所示的各个部件以及彼此对准的螺旋弹簧、壳体、和该装置的覆盖件的透视图;
图3A是本发明的组装装置的顶视图;
图3B是本发明的手指血氧计的正视图,其示出了手指在该装置的两个手指夹紧部分之间插入的开口;
图3C是本发明的手指血氧计的后视图;
图3D是图3A所示的装置的侧视图;和
图4是本发明的手指血氧计的电路图。
具体实施方式
参照图1,所示的本发明的手指血氧计包括下手指夹紧部分2和上手指夹紧部分4。下手指垫6和上手指垫8分别装配到下手指夹紧部分2和上手指夹紧部分4上。上和下手指夹紧部分及其手指垫构形成符合人的趾部例如手指的形状。优选的是,下手指垫6和上手指垫8彼此相对。因此,一旦相应的手指垫6、8装接到其对应的手指夹紧部分2、4上,如图2和3B清晰所示,当手指夹紧部分2、4彼此靠近定位时形成有开口10。
如图1清晰所示,下手指夹紧部分2是细长件,其具有从基部2b延伸的两个侧面2s。空间或空隙设置在基部2b的大致中心处,光电检测器18(图4中的D1)位于该中心上。基部2b的前端弯曲,以便形成开口10的一个部分。细长件2的后端具有止挡2bs,其构形成以滑动接合方式容纳电池模块10。尽管未示出,但是电池模块10构形成使得两个电池插入其中,以便向图4所示的电子部件提供电力,由此向手指血氧计提供电力,其操作在以下进行描述。弹簧状的导体12插入到电池模块10中,该导体与电池串联,由此增大可获得的电压。
细长件2的每一侧壁2s还具有从其延伸的至少两个突耳或制动件2c1(2c1’)和2c2(2c2’)。制动件2c的作用将参照图2来描述。
可由非柔性的橡胶基材料制成的下手指垫6装接到手指夹紧部分2的基部2b上。除了手指垫6之外,导电簧片14插入到手指夹紧部分的后端中,以便提供由电池模块10供电的电通路。柔性簧片16连接到该导电簧片14上,该柔性簧片16装接到光电检测器18上。其中光电检测器18置于细长件2的空间2v中,并且手指垫6置于其上,光电检测器18暴露出来并且由此适于经由手指垫6的开孔6a接收射向其的光。如图所示,手指垫6构形成使其弧形内表面部分地符合人手指的形状。
也构形成细长件形式的上手指夹紧部分4装接到其下侧的手指垫8上,该手指垫8以与手指垫6相对的方式弯曲,并且其轮廓部分地符合手指的形状。同样由非柔性的橡胶材料制成的手指垫8可通过胶或其它粘接装置装接到细长件4的下表面上,这与手指垫6装接到细长件2上的方式相似。一旦装接,手指垫8的开孔8a与细长件4的开孔4a对准。
细长件4具有两个侧面4s,该侧面从其基部4b向上延伸以在其上表面处形成半封闭的封壳,以便接收印刷电路板或模块18。尽管没有清晰地示出,但是安装的模块18具有大量的电子部件,其电路结构如图4所示。延伸部4e从细长件的每一侧面4s上延伸,该延伸部具有两个朝下的指状件4f。延伸部4e的作用将参照图2进行描述。另外,安装的模块18具有显示器20,当测量插入手指夹紧部分2和4之间的患者手指时,该显示器包括大量的用于显示对应于患者的身体参数的信息的数字,该参数例如为动脉血的血氧饱和度。为了实现患者的身体表征的测量,光源例如发光二极管安装到模块18的下侧上且与细长件4的开孔4a对准。提供给模块18的电来自柔性的导电簧片16。
参照图2,图1所示的本发明的手指血氧计的各个部件如图所示地组装,其中上手指夹紧部分4邻接下手指夹紧部分2。如上所述,当处于这种紧密接触时,开口10形成在这两个手指夹紧部分的前部处。正是通过该开口,手指可置于手指夹紧部分2和4之间。
另外如图2所示,接触的手指夹紧部分2和4在壳体22上重叠,该壳体具有U形套筒的形式。壳体22具有后壁22b和两个侧壁22s。相应的凸缘221从侧壁22s的下部延伸。插孔22r位于相应侧壁22s的下侧,该插孔22r构形成接收上手指夹紧部分4的延伸部4e的指状件4f。当指状件4f插入插孔22r时,手指夹紧部分4固定地联接到壳体22的顶部或上部上。可使用粘接剂以便进一步确保手指夹紧部分4固定地与壳体22联接。
在侧面22s的两个远端处形成有相应的夹紧边缘或指状件22g。多个指状件或延伸部22e形成在相应的凸缘221上,该延伸部22e提供了相应的锚定部分,以便固定地接收每一对应的弹簧24。如图所示,四个弹簧24均在壳体22的一个端部处由延伸部22e固定地锚定。弹簧24可以都是常规的压缩螺旋弹簧。
另外如图2所示,一旦锚定到延伸部22e上,当下手指夹紧部分2插入到壳体22中时,从细长件2的侧壁2s延伸的突耳形式的每一制动件2c制动对应的弹簧24并在该弹簧上下压。弹簧24选择成具有给定的弹性,以便这些弹簧的组合可相对于上手指夹紧部分4提供抵靠细长件2沿向上方向的偏压力,该上手指夹紧部分4固定地装接到壳体22的上部上。因此,一旦细长件4固定地联接到壳体22上,细长件2仍然保持可相对于细长件4移动,并且沿壳体22的相应侧壁22s导向地移动。
假定以下事实,即细长件2由独立弹簧24在不同的位置沿其侧壁2s被支承,当手指插入开口10时,尽管需要为手指让路,但是由弹簧24施加的偏压力仍抵靠细长件2垂直地作用,以便抵靠插入的手指稳固地偏压细长件2,由此抵靠固定的细长件4稳固地夹紧插入的手指。另外,通过在细长件2的四个拐角部处提供弹簧24,实现了四点的悬挂系统,以便均匀地在细长件2上分配偏压力。因此,由细长件2和4夹紧的手指沿其长度被均匀地夹持。另外,通过将弹簧隐藏在壳体22和细长件2的相应拐角部处,因此对于细长件2不需要支承基部,壳体22和细长件2的相应尺寸可减小,由此使得可减小整个装置的尺寸。因此,通过将弹簧隐藏在壳体22的相应侧壁和细长件2的之间,使得弹簧与污物密封隔离并且防止了可能的机械损坏。
尽管在所述实施例中仅示出了四个弹簧,但是应当理解可使用三个弹簧的结构,其中一个弹簧在每一侧壁处而一个弹簧在壳体22的后壁处。相反,在本发明的其它实施例中还可采用更多的弹簧,沿壳体22的每一侧壁具有多于两个的弹簧。
为了制成本发明的组装装置,使得数字可从显示器20上被看到的滤光覆盖件26设置在细长件4上,以便固定地联接到细长件4或壳体22的上边缘上。
参照图3A-3D,示出了本发明的组装的手指血氧计的各个视图。图3A是组装装置28的平面图,其中数字示出了血氧的饱和度,并且通过患者手指可测量患者的身体表征,从而可获得心率。
图3B是该装置的正视图,其示出了患者手指插入的开口10。如图所示,上手指夹紧部分4由覆盖件26保护,因此仅示出了其一部分和手指垫8的一部分。然而,所示的可移动的手指夹紧部分2安装在壳体22内,其中电池模块10可拆卸地联接到其下侧上。可移动的手指夹紧部分2根据由弹簧24提供的偏压力可以如双箭头30所示地双向移动。
图3C是本发明的手指血氧计的后视图。如图所示,壳体或其后壁22b安装在开关32上,使得使用者可手动地启动该装置,即向安装在电路板18上的电子部件提供电力。在图3C中示出了电池模块10的后侧。
图3D是本发明的装置28的侧视图,其示出了装接到壳体22上的覆盖件26。所示的电池模块10形成该装置的底基部。
图4是代表安装在该政治的电路板18上的电子部件的电路图。为了简化描述,本发明的装置的电路的各种主要功能由虚线单独分类。特别是,如虚线框34所示,光电检测器D1(图1中的18)安装在柔性电路支承簧片上,其装配到下夹紧件2的空间2v上。开关SW1也安装到并电连接到柔性电路支承簧片34上,当其由使用者接通时,该开关使得来自电路40中的发光二极管的光指向位于手指夹紧部分2和4之间的手指。一旦手指从该手指夹紧部分中拿出,微处理器U1被编程为在预定时间段之后关断该装置28,例如在8秒之后,以便节省能量。
光电检测器和开关SW1借助于常规的联接从而连接到主电路上。特别是,安装在柔性簧片上的电路34连接到功能电路36,该电路是模拟检测器预调电路。如图所示,从患者手指测量的输入电流信号传输到运算放大器U2A,其中模拟电流信号转变成模拟电压信号。该模拟电压信号由运算放大器U2C放大,以便输出放大后的模拟电压信号VSIG。该信号的动态范围由集成电路U4来控制,其本质上是集成的数字电位计。
放大后的模拟电压信号VSIG在输入端A2输入到微处理器U1。该模拟电压信号由微处理器U1转变成对应的数字信号并且输出到电路38,该电路是发光二极管的驱动器电路,其包括驱动器集成电路U8和U9。该驱动器电路38提供各个数字DIG1-DIG6的信号,以便在显示器20上显示从患者测量的信息。
图4所示的电路的另一主要功能部件包括电路40,该电路是驱动两个发光二极管的可变的发光二极管驱动器电路,该发光二极管发出的光经过上手指夹紧部分4和上手指垫8各自的开孔4a和8a指向患者的手指。该光在经过患者手指散射之后被光电检测器D1(18)感测,其又将所获得的电流信号输出到模拟检测器预调电路36。
图4所示的电路的子电路44是电力供应切换电路,其调节供应给图4所示电路的各个部件的电力。
电路46是电池测量电压分压电路,该电路识别来自电池组10的电压何时降低。
电路48是用于本发明的手指血氧计的各部件的定时电路。时钟脉冲由电路48产生,通过部件U6A以便用于微处理器U1。部件U6B、U6C组合起来确保了如果电压输出小于3伏特时从电池组10输出足够的电压,因此可提供适当的时钟信号以用于图4所示的电路的各个部件。
本发明涉及许多细节上的变化、变型和改变。例如,用于下手指夹紧部分2的偏压机构可以是弹性的单件弹簧机构,例如抵靠侧壁22s和/或壳体22的后壁22b偏压细长件2的片簧,从而代替了锚定到壳体22的凸缘221的延伸部22e上的弹簧34。为了将该片簧锚定到壳体上,壳体的基部处的凸缘不得不张开。因此,应使用具有足够偏压特性的例如橡胶的弹性材料,以便保持朝向固定的细长件4偏压可移动的细长件2的力。因此,本发明的说明书和附图描述并示出的内容只是说明性的,而不是限定性的。因此,本发明的精神和范围仅由后附的权利要求来限定。

Claims (5)

1.一种脉搏血氧计,其包括:
固定的部分;
可相对于所述固定部分垂直地移动的非固定的部分,所述固定部分和所述非固定部分以组合形式提供手指可插入的开口;以及
一悬持系统,其由相对于所述固定部分可垂直地移动的非固定的部分产生,并且一偏压力被施加压靠到所述非固定的部分,以便所述非固定的部分持续地偏压朝向所述固定部;
其中,当手指被插入到所述固定和非固定的部分之间时,所述非固定的部分可屈服地接受所述手指,并且采用沿手指的长度均匀分配的力使一足够大的偏压力推动所述非固定的部分朝向所述固定部分,以便将手指固定地抓紧在所述固定和非固定的部分之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的脉搏血氧计,其特征在于,所述悬挂系统包括多点悬挂系统,其具有多个对所述非固定的部分施加偏压力的弹簧件。
3.根据权利要求1所述的脉搏血氧计,还包括:
一壳体,其具有从后壁延伸的两个侧壁,
所述固定的部分被夹在所述侧壁的上部之间,所述非固定的部分被夹在所述侧壁之间,沿着所述侧壁的相对表面可垂直地移动,从每个所述侧壁的下部延伸的相应凸缘用于支撑所述非固定的部分。
4.根据权利要求3所述的脉搏血氧计,其特征在于,所述悬挂系统包括多个弹簧件,其中至少两个所述弹簧件以彼此相距给定距离固定到每一凸缘上,以提供一均匀分配的用于所述非固定的部分的向上偏压支撑力。
5.根据权利要求1所述的脉搏血氧计,还包括,与所述固定的部分的上表面连接的电路板,电子元件和安装在所述电路板上的显示器,所述固定的部分具有一孔,来自电连接到所述电路板上的光发射源的光通过所述的孔,用于照明放置在所述固定的部分之下的手指。
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