CN100478668C

CN100478668C - Sediment interstitial water in-situ sampling method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN100478668C
Application number: CNB200510035638XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曾永平
Original assignee: Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of CAS
Current assignee: Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of CAS
Priority date: 2005-07-07
Filing date: 2005-07-07
Publication date: 2009-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2025-07-07
Also published as: CN1877286A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for sampling deposits interstitial water. The method comprises steps of: (1) installing a solid-phase micro-extraction device in the cavity of a water exchanging device, or connecting one end of the water exchanging device with a water pipe which is connecting with the cavity and sealed matching with the water exchanging device; (2) embedding the water exchanging device into deposits per requirement, making the water pipe extend out the ground, employing a water pump to pump the interstitial water via the water pipe or getting out the water exchanging device to get the interstitial water via the micro-extraction.

Description

Sediment interstitial water in-situ sampling method and device

[affiliated technical field]

The invention belongs to a kind of method of sampling and device thereof of sediment interstitial water.

[background technology]

Sediment interstitial water influences various biological earth round-robin important parameters, and deposited material discharges various nutriments in the water of gap, and the composition of gap water changes with degree of depth increase, and this variation has reflected the speed and the stoichiometric relationship of mineralising reaction.The dynamics of material helps to understand its behavior in whole water environment system in the research surface deposit, as the chemical form and the diagenesis model thereof of material in sediment one water termination exchange, the surface deposit, understand the process of burying of water-bed mineralising and nutriment, these all need accurately to measure the chemical composition and the content thereof of gap water.

At present preparation gap water sample mainly contains centrifuge method, milling process, osmosis, suction and draws liquid method and capillary tube technique.Centrifugal ratio juris is to gather column shaped deposit with box sampling thief, cuts apart in nitrogen box, and certain thickness sediment is put into centrifuge tube, cover tight lid, from nitrogen box, take out, with the centrifugal 20min of 5000r/min, centrifugal back filtering supernatant in nitrogen box makes gap water.The plain press method is similar to centrifuge method, also is in nitrogen box column shaped deposit to be cut layering, puts into squeezer then, under certain pressure, makes gap water see through filter membrane and extrudes.Dialysis: dialyser is made up of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, and cavity wherein connects together, and covers filter membrane on it, connects each cavity with the organic glass sheet in crack with seam.Be fixed together with stainless steel screw and dialyser main body between film and the window.Before inserting sediment, dialyser is put into the deionized water inflated with nitrogen.The air-breathing liquid subtraction unit that can draw in soft mud yet, but fixed bar should be placed the sampling thief bottom to avoid sampling thief to tilt in the strong sediment of flowability.During sampling sampling apparatus inserted in the sediment to the porose position of topmost just below surface deposit, each collection tube keeps vacuum.Capillary tube technique, tube wall is the heavy sheet glass kapillary, the bottom is the teflon sleeve (112cm fenestra) of punching, and the bottom seals with glass stopper, samples from the top, aerial part is wrapped with adhesive plaster and makes it opaque, when gathering the gap water sample, insert certain depth, then whole sampling thief is placed on on-the-spot several weeks, carry out the sampling first time (can make 5～10ml gap water approximately), but continuous sampling then.

Above-mentioned traditional gap hydromining diversity method, all be to extract gap water indirectly, different disposal route even adopt different processing parameters with a kind of disposal route, its result is very possible different, the water sample that finally collects is variant with actual gap water, can't directly collect original position gap water, cause deal with data deviation to occur.

[summary of the invention]

At above-mentioned traditional acquisition method, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple to operately, cost is low, can guarantee directly to collect the sediment interstitial water in-situ sampling method and the device of original position gap water.

Method step of the present invention is as follows:

(1) adopts a water switch, has the cavity that can hold water in this water switch, have the through hole that allows water pass in and out on the cavity wall body, the wall body periphery is provided with the filtering layer that can stop particle and earth to enter, and a solid-phase micro-extracting device is placed in the cavity of water switch;

(2) above-mentioned water switch is imbedded in the sediment on demand, sediment interstitial water frees in and out in the water switch cavity and reaches balance each other, and the water switch is taken out, and obtains gap water by the solid micro-extraction device.

Implement the water switch that said method adopts, comprise a copper pipe, have a plurality of through holes on the copper pipe tube wall, tube wall wraps up layer of glass filter paper and one deck stainless steel nethike embrane outward from inside to outside successively, so good spacer particles thing and earth enter, but allow water free in and out again simultaneously; Copper pipe plays a supportive role and guarantees certain space and the effect that prevents and treats growth of microorganism; The stainless steel nethike embrane mainly plays cover glass fiber filter paper; The one end sealing of copper pipe, the other end has a top cover; Described device also comprises the solid-phase micro-extracting device that is positioned at copper pipe, and this solid-phase micro-extracting device matches by the threaded hole that is provided with on nut and the top cover and is fixed on the top cover.

The present invention can free in and out in the water switch cavity with sediment interstitial water and reach balance each other, can accurately record gap water relevant data by directly obtaining the water in the cavity, simple in structure, convenient, flexible, can be according to the research needs, mode, the degree of depth and the time imbedded are adjusted, and the common time is that water and the gap water in the requirement access to plant reaches balance, as long as reach balance as with solid-phase microextraction the time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation that has the water switch of solid-phase micro-extracting device.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that is connected with the water switch of water pipe.

Fig. 3 is solid-phase micro-extracting device and handle apparatus synoptic diagram.

Fig. 4 is the solid-phase micro-extracting device synoptic diagram.

Among the figure: 1, water switch, 2, copper pipe, 3, through hole, 4, filter paper, 5, nethike embrane, 6, top cover, 7, solid-phase micro-extracting device, 8, water pipe, 9, plunger, 10, fixed screw, 11, the divider square, 12, penetrate pin, 13, syringe, 14, fiber head, 15, steady arm, 16, nut.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the detailed embodiments of the invention of accompanying drawing:

Embodiment one

Sediment interstitial water in-situ sampling method of the present invention, adopt following method step:

(1) adopts a water switch 1, this water switch 1 comprises a copper pipe 2, have a plurality of through holes 3 on copper pipe 2 tube walls, tube wall wraps up layer of glass filter paper 4 and one deck stainless steel nethike embrane 5 outward from inside to outside successively, like this can well the spacer particles thing and earth enter, but allow water free in and out again simultaneously; Copper pipe 2 plays a supportive role and guarantees certain space and the effect that prevents and treats growth of microorganism; The stainless steel nethike embrane 5 main cover glass fiber filter paper 4 that rise; The sealing of one end of copper pipe 2, the other end has a top cover 6, and the solid-phase micro-extracting device 7 in the copper pipe 2 matches by the threaded hole that is provided with on nut 16 and the top cover and is fixed on the top cover 6.

General solid-phase micro-extracting device, solid-phase micro-extracting device as U.S. supelco company product, comprise fiber head 14, syringe 13, penetrate pin 12, steady arm 15 and nut 16, solid-phase micro-extracting device and handle apparatus logotype, the solid-phase micro-extracting device rear has nut 16, can advance top cover 6 by spiral shell, so just can well solid-phase micro-extracting device be fixed and keep the sealing of water switch, prevent that unwanted foreign matter from entering in the water switch at this place.Solid-phase micro-extracting device is packed into before the copper pipe 2, with handle the fiber head 14 of the little collection device of solid phase is released syringe 13 earlier, then solid-phase micro-extracting device is taken off from handle, spiral shell advances top cover 6 again, careful puts into solid-phase micro-extracting device in the copper pipe 2, and top cover 6 sealings are screwed on the copper pipe 2.

(2) above-mentioned water switch is imbedded in the sediment on demand, sediment interstitial water can free in and out in the water switch cavity and reach balance each other, and the water switch is taken out, and obtains gap water by micro-extraction device.

Embodiment two

(1) adopts a water switch 1, this water switch 1 comprises a copper pipe 2, have a plurality of through holes 3 on copper pipe 2 tube walls, tube wall wraps up layer of glass filter paper 4 and one deck stainless steel nethike embrane 5 outward from inside to outside successively, like this can well the spacer particles thing and earth enter, but allow water free in and out again simultaneously; Copper pipe 2 plays a supportive role and guarantees certain space and the effect that prevents and treats growth of microorganism; The stainless steel nethike embrane 5 main cover glass fiber filter paper 4 that rise; The one end sealing of copper pipe 2, the other end has a top cover 6, and a top cover 6 and a water pipe 8 are sealed and matched, and water pipe 8 can communicate with copper pipe 2 and extended ground surface.

(2) imbed above-mentioned water switch in the sediment on demand, water pipe stretches out ground surface, sediment interstitial water can free in and out in the water switch cavity and reach balance each other, utilizes water pump that the gap water in the copper pipe cavity is directly extracted by water pipe.

Claims

1, a kind of sediment interstitial water in-situ sampling method is characterized in that adopting following method step:

(1) adopts a water switch (1), has the cavity that can hold water in this water switch (1), have the through hole (3) that allows water pass in and out on the cavity wall body, the wall body periphery is provided with the filtering layer that can stop particle and earth to enter, and a solid-phase micro-extracting device (7) is placed in the cavity;

(2) above-mentioned water switch (1) is imbedded in the sediment on demand, sediment interstitial water frees in and out in the cavity and reaches balance each other, and water switch (1) is taken out, and obtains gap water by solid-phase micro-extracting device (7).

2, a kind of device of implementing the described method of claim 1, this water switch (1) comprises a copper pipe (2), have a plurality of through holes (3) on copper pipe (2) tube wall, tube wall wraps up layer of glass filter paper (4) and one deck stainless steel nethike embrane (5) outward from inside to outside successively, so good spacer particles thing and earth enter, but allow water free in and out again simultaneously; Copper pipe (2) plays a supportive role and guarantees certain space and the effect that prevents and treats growth of microorganism; Stainless steel nethike embrane (5) mainly plays cover glass fiber filter paper (4); The one end sealing of copper pipe (2), the other end has a top cover (6), it is characterized in that described device also comprises the solid-phase micro-extracting device (7) that is positioned at copper pipe (2), the threaded hole that this solid-phase micro-extracting device (7) upward is provided with by nut (16) and top cover (6) matches and is fixed on the top cover (6).