CN100478338C - Process for preparing annular carbonate - Google Patents
Process for preparing annular carbonate Download PDFInfo
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- CN100478338C CN100478338C CNB2006101696824A CN200610169682A CN100478338C CN 100478338 C CN100478338 C CN 100478338C CN B2006101696824 A CNB2006101696824 A CN B2006101696824A CN 200610169682 A CN200610169682 A CN 200610169682A CN 100478338 C CN100478338 C CN 100478338C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a making method of annular carbonate, which comprises the following steps: adopting epoxy compound and carbon dioxide as raw material; setting the weight rate of water and epoxy compound at 0.01-3 in the reacting course; selecting catalyst from one of quaternary ammonium salt, alkyl halide pyridine or halide 1, 3-imidazole dialkyl under 0.1-10.0Mpa at 313. 15-483. 15K for 0.5-6h.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the clean catalysis technical field, specifically refer to a kind of by carbonic acid gas and epoxy compounds, in Aquo System by the cycloaddition reaction method for synthesizing carbonic ester.
Background technology:
Carbonic acid gas is a kind of greenhouse gases, is again inexhaustible C1 resource simultaneously, and it is effectively fixing to have become one of challenging problem of tool in this century, and synthesizing annular carbonate is exactly wherein a kind of well fixing approach.Cyclic carbonate is a kind of extraordinary polar solvent, and application was more and more widely arranged in the middle of the synthesizing of medicine and fine-chemical intermediate.The economic worth and the industrial requirement that particularly with the NSC 11801 are feedstock production methylcarbonate and synthesizing glycol increase day by day.In the last few years, the research of relevant this respect had been subjected to increasing attention.
The catalyzer of the production cyclic carbonate of having reported at present has: halogenation organophosphorus salt (CN96121781.2); Zinc salt and imidazoles halogeno salt, pyridinium salt, quaternary amine (CN200310121060.0); Lewis acid metal (as zinc bromide, zinc iodide, iron bromide etc.), and the catalyzer (CN200510016850.1) of hexaalkylguanidium salts class ionic liquid composition; Chirality tetradentate schiff base metal complexes is as the binary catalyst system (CN02144640.7) of Primary Catalysts; Alkali-metal alcohols title complex (CN96100023.6) and loading type binary catalyst system (CN200410011634.3) etc.Used method is anhydrous condition mostly or uses cyclic carbonate as solvent (as US 2773070), since these catalyst system still exist more or less low such as the single component catalytic activity, selectivity is not high, water stability is not good, severe reaction conditions, the energy consumption height, shortcomings such as catalyzer cost costliness are difficult to use in the scale operation of industrial EC.Consider that raw material contains water in the industrial related production, the existence of water not only helps the absorption and the safe handling of raw material to a certain extent, accelerated esterification, and method for cyclic carbonates can make esterification products can enter the synthetic corresponding diol of hydrolysing step with catalyst separating under the aqueous conditions, can divide circulation to merge into a global cycle esterification-hydrolysis two-step catalysis agent, reduce energy consumption.So the present invention is with under the exploitation aqueous conditions, efficient, environmental protection method for cyclic carbonates is a purpose.
Summary of the invention
The present invention's research is not used binary catalyst under relatively mild condition, under with the water as solvent condition, and environmental protection, efficient, highly selective is realized passing through the cycloaddition reaction method for synthesizing carbonic ester by carbonic acid gas and epoxy compounds.
Reaction expression of the present invention is:
R
2During=H, R
1Be selected from H, CH
3, C
2H
3, C
4H
9, C
6H
5In a kind of; Work as R
2During ≠ H, the structural formula of raw material epoxy compounds is
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing cyclic carbonate, it is characterized in that under aqueous conditions, with epoxy compounds and carbonic acid gas is raw material, the amount of substance of water and epoxy compounds is than being 0.01-3 in the reaction process, and catalyzer is selected from quaternary ammonium salt, halogenated alkyl pyridine or halogenation 1, in the 3-dialkylimidazolium any, at reaction pressure 0.1-10.0MPa, temperature is 313.15-483.15K, under the reaction times 0.5-6 hour condition, and the technology of highly selective, high yield synthesizing annular carbonate., no-solvent process anhydrous with tradition compared, and this synthetic method has the following advantages: environmental friendliness, reaction conditions gentleness; Catalyst component is simple, easy to use, low cost, and high reactivity can be reused.Extraordinary prospects for commercial application is arranged.
Catalyst levels used in the present invention is the 0.1-10.0mol% of the amount of substance of epoxy compounds.
The structure of the quaternary ammonium salt that the present invention is used is:
n＝1-4
[N
+(C
nH
2n+1)
4]X
-
X＝I，Br，Cl
The structure of the halogenated alkyl pyridine that the present invention is used is
The halogenation 1 that the present invention is used, the structure of 3-dialkylimidazolium is as follows:
The structure of the used epoxy compounds of the present invention is:
Embodiment
The present invention illustrates with following embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment, under the scope of described aim, changes and implements to be included in the technical scope of the present invention before and after not breaking away from.
Embodiment 1
Implementation method: in the 100ml stainless steel autoclave, add Tetrabutyl amonium bromide 1.0mmol successively, water 0.66mol, add propylene oxide (1a) 0.2mol at last, closed reactor charges into the carbonic acid gas of an amount of pressure, slowly rises to 125 ℃ by the temperature controller controlled temperature, controlling pressure carbon dioxide then is 2.0MPa, reacted 1.0 hours, and be cooled to room temperature, unload still, excess carbon dioxide absorbs with saturated sodium carbonate solution, with the liquid underpressure distillation of gained product (2a) and (3a), gas chromatographic analysis, (1a) transformation efficiency 94.5%, product (2a) selectivity 95.4%, yield is 90.2%.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor is tetrabutylammonium iodide 1.0mmol, and other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 99.5%, product (2a) selectivity 95.5%, and yield is 95.0%.
Embodiment 3
With embodiment 2, catalyst system therefor is tetraethyl ammonium iodide 1.5mmol, and other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 100.0%, product (2a) selectivity 95.0%, and yield is 95.0%.
Embodiment 4
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor is bromination 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, and other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 94.0%, product (2a) selectivity 93.2%, and yield is 87.6%.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor is bromination 1-methyl-3-hexyl imidazoles 1.0mmol, and other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 94.2%, product (2a) selectivity 94.0%, and yield is 88.5%.
Embodiment 6
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor iodate 1-methyl-3-octyl group imidazoles 1.0mmol, other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 97.0%, product (2a) selectivity 96.0%, yield is 93.1%.
Embodiment 7
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor is N-butyl-pyridinium bromine 0.9mmol, and other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 92.2%, product (2a) selectivity 90.0%, and yield is 83.0%.
Embodiment 8
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor tetrabutylammonium iodide 0.7mmol, reaction pressure 3.0MPa, other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 94.2%, product (2a) selectivity 99.0%, yield is 91.0%.
Embodiment 9
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor is iodate 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, reaction pressure 1.5MPa, and other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 91.0%, product (2a) selectivity 88.0%, yield is 80.1%.
Embodiment 10
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor is bromination 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, and water adds 0.029mol, and other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 78.0%, product (2a) selectivity 94.9%, and yield is 74.0%.
Embodiment 11
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor chloridization 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, water adds 0.01mol, reaction 1.5h, other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 80.0%, product (2a) selectivity 91.0%, yield is 72.8%.
Embodiment 12
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor bromination 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 2.0mmol, water adds 0.46mol, reaction 2.5h, other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 98.0%, product (2a) selectivity 59.0%, yield is 57.8%.
Embodiment 13
With embodiment 1, catalyst system therefor bromination 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, water adds 0.2mol, reaction 1.5h, other are constant, and (1a) transformation efficiency 100.0%, product (2a) selectivity 75.0%, yield is 75.0%.
Embodiment 14
With embodiment 1, used epoxy compounds is oxyethane (1b), and catalyzer is bromination 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, water adds 0.044mol, 50.0 ℃ of temperature of reaction, and other are constant, (1b) transformation efficiency 80.0%, product (2b) selectivity 94.0%, and yield is 76.0%.
Embodiment 15
With embodiment 1, used epoxy compounds is oxyethane (1b), catalyzer is bromination 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, water adds 0.044mol, 100.0 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction times 0.70h, other are constant, (1b) transformation efficiency 96.0%, product (2b) selectivity 96.0%, and yield is 92.2%.
Embodiment 16
With embodiment 1, used epoxy compounds is oxirane ring hexene (1c), catalyzer is bromination 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazole 1.0mmol, water adds 0.044mol, 120.0 ℃ of temperature of reaction, reaction times 1.3h, other are constant, (1c) transformation efficiency 96.0%, product (2c) selectivity 95.5%, and yield is 91.7%.
Embodiment 17
With embodiment 1, used epoxy compounds is epoxy styrene (1d), and catalyzer is tetrabutylammonium iodide 1.0mmol, and water adds 0.067mol, and other are constant, and (1d) transformation efficiency 96.0%, product (2d) selectivity 95.0%, and yield is 91.2%.
Embodiment 18
Catalyst recirculation
With embodiment 1, used epoxy compounds is propylene oxide (1a), and catalyzer is tetrabutylammonium iodide 1.0mmol, water adds 0.067mol, and other are constant, recycle five times after, (1a) transformation efficiency 96.0%, product (2a) selectivity 93.5%, and yield is 89.8%.
Claims (5)
1. a method for preparing cyclic carbonate is characterized in that with epoxy compounds and carbonic acid gas be raw material, and the structure of raw material epoxy compounds is as follows,
R in the structural formula
2During=H, R
1Be selected from H, CH
3, C
2H
3, C
4H
9, C
6H
5In a kind of, work as R
2During ≠ H, the structural formula of epoxy compounds is
Water is 0.01-3 with the amount of substance ratio of epoxy compounds in the reaction system, catalyzer is selected from quaternary ammonium salt, halogenated alkyl pyridine or halogenation 1, in the 3-dialkylimidazolium any, at reaction pressure 0.5-10.0MPa, temperature is 313.15-483.15K, under the reaction times 0.5-6 hour condition, synthesizing annular carbonate.
2. method according to claim 1, the structure of quaternary ammonium salt is:
n＝1-4
[N
+(C
nH
2n+1)
4]X
- X＝I，Br，Cl。
3. method according to claim 1, the structure of halogenated alkyl pyridine is:
4. method according to claim 1, halogenation 1, the structure of 3-dialkylimidazolium is:
5. method according to claim 1, catalyst levels are the 0.1-10.0mol% of epoxy compounds amount of substance.
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| CN100478338C true CN100478338C (en) | 2009-04-15 |
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Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105712971B (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2018-11-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | A method of taking water as a solvent synthesizing annular carbonate |
| CN106283149A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2017-01-04 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Carbon nano pipe array and the preparation method of conductive polymer composite |
| CN108101739B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-04-13 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Method for continuously preparing 3,3, 3-trifluoro-1, 2-propanediol |
| CN108178752B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-02-23 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Method for preparing 3,3, 3-trifluoropropene carbonate and 3,3, 3-trifluoro-1, 2-propylene glycol in co-production mode |
| CN108033942B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2021-02-23 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Preparation method for co-producing 3,3, 3-trifluoro-1, 2-propylene glycol and 4-trifluoromethyl ethylene carbonate |
| CN109651330A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-19 | 郑州轻工业学院 | The method and its catalyst of carbon dioxide and epoxide synthesis of cyclic carbonic acid styrene esters |
| CN109678838A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-26 | 郑州轻工业学院 | The method and its catalyst of carbon dioxide and epoxide synthesis of cyclic carbonic acid styrene esters |
| CN109810091B (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2020-04-17 | 山东石大胜华化工集团股份有限公司 | Process for the preparation of alkylene carbonate from alkylene oxide and carbon dioxide |
| CN109867654B (en) | 2019-02-19 | 2021-06-29 | 胜华新能源科技(东营)有限公司 | Method for preparing alkylene carbonate from alkylene oxide and carbon dioxide |
| CN111393402B (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2023-04-07 | 西北大学 | N & lt/EN & gt acid/quaternary ammonium salt composite catalytic CO 2 Method for preparing cyclic carbonate by cycloaddition with epoxide |
| CN112409317B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-04-22 | 南京工业大学 | Synthesis method of cyclic carbonate and derivatives thereof |
| CN114478462A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-13 | 惠州市绿色能源与新材料研究院 | CO under Taylor flow pattern2Method for continuously synthesizing cyclic carbonate at low temperature |
| CN115417850B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-04-18 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | Application of catalyst containing spiro-cyclic compound in catalyzing reaction of epoxy compound and carbon dioxide |
| CN115779963B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-09-08 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | Application of catalyst in catalyzing reaction of epoxy compound and carbon dioxide |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1880311A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2006-12-20 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for generating cyclic carbonates using natural reproducible resource |
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| CN1880311A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2006-12-20 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for generating cyclic carbonates using natural reproducible resource |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 以可在生资源二氧化碳为原料合成环状碳酸酯. 孔德林等.精细化工中间体，第35卷第6期. 2005 * |
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