Background technology
Traditionally, the operation of switching device is to carry out by the spring mechanism that use has the strength that is enough to the open and close switching device.In traditional spring operating mechanism, the open and close signal is given unique live signal.From one open/closed operation opens/closed operation to another, spring mechanism can not accurately be carried out the identical operations time.Therefore, being issued to the time-delay finished of operation from instruction is not constant.Motion and position with accurate way control and adjusting contact portion are impossible.Communicator comprises tripping coil in a system with conventional springs switching device.Be necessary to be equipped with coupling components and the relay of the 110V that is used for communicator.
In using the switching device of spring mechanism, spring will apply identical power being on the contact portion of each operation, therefore, must be designed to that the electric current of the relatively poor situation in each operation that seems operates under will interrupted situation.In spring mechanism, time-delay is not a constant.Spring mechanism only provides positional information with unusual finite resolution.In the spring mechanism system, external measurement device must be coupled so that gather the information of relevant spring mechanism operation, and, in operating process, must keep coupled state from all switching devices that go for information.In the practice, this means that for the Test Switchboard device, switch must be stopped using, measurement mechanism must be coupled, and must carry out some operation.
In order to overcome the defective relevant, advised using the motor that is used for the operate mobile contact portion with the switching device of spring-operated.WO 00/136621 discloses the example of such switching device.
In WO 00/136621, the motion Be Controlled of movable contact portion.One control device receives input information, and this information comprises: the motion of related network situation, movable contact portion, the motion of rotor and/or be used for the information of operator's instruction.Based on above-mentioned information, control device is controlled the motion of motor by the control stream of power, and this motion is according to the curve movement that is stored in the control device, and this motion and adapt from the feedback information of importing.
With respect to the spring-operated switching device, above-mentioned known devices has showed important improvement, because it provides degree much higher motion control.But above-mentioned known devices does not have the flexibility that is enough to obtain movable contact portion optimum operation.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the objective of the invention is to improve the method for control and by-pass cock device, so that obtain motion about the selection of time and the optimized movable contact portion of curve movement of movable contact portion.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the foregoing invention purpose is to realize by a kind of method that is used to assess the switching device state, wherein said switching device comprises contact portion, motor and the mechanical coupling that is used to carry out movement conversion from motor at least one contact portion, and, described method is carried out self-diagnostic test on parts of switching device, test comprises carries out one or more little motor movements, described little motor movement only is the sub-fraction that the switching device contact portion is turn-offed the stroke of motion fully by the stroke that mechanical coupling carries out the motion after the movement conversion, and, can obtain to be used to assess the data of switching device state by described test.The motor that utilization is used for the operate mobile contact portion makes above-mentioned test implementation get up to be very easy to reliable.Owing to can control on the basis of the information that test is obtained, therefore test helps obtaining control accurately.
At the preferred embodiment of the method that is used for assessing the switching device state, on switching device, carry out self-diagnostic test by making the micro-machine motion.This method provides the possibility of checking the switching device function.Because switching device normally is failure to actuate in its useful life, and only moves in some very short times, so whether switching device is in normal operational ready state and often has to a certain degree uncertainty.When controlling, can obtain to be used to assess the adequate data of switching device state by the motor movement that starts a short time according to the present invention.By above-mentioned test, can obtain the function of relevant rotor navigation system, the information of the function, the function of motor, the function of contact portion, the capacity of electrical storage device etc. of transducer when having transducer.Described little motor movement only is the sub-fraction that the switching device contact portion is turn-offed the stroke of motion fully by the stroke that mechanical coupling carries out the motion after the movement conversion, its mean less than the described stroke that turn-offs motion fully 1/10 or even less than 1/20, for a switching device of operating and driving device or high-pressure system, described little motion is typically in several millimeters scope.Therefore contact portion is never separated in the process of above-mentioned test.
In another embodiment, by slightly making described electrical storage device charge or discharge, and carry out self-diagnostic test being used to store on the electrical storage device that turn-offs the used electric energy of operation.Utilize the method for being invented also can check the state of electrical storage device.Can represent also by the data that above-mentioned charge or discharge slightly obtain whether electrical storage device is in the operational ready state.
Self-diagnostic test both can be implemented because of external command, also can implement because of the triggering of interior condition.As top last described embodiment described the present invention make its become possible test and other similarly test advantageously start by external command.Provide above-mentioned instruction or provide above-mentioned instruction when relevant when considering with detected state with a given interval.In the situation of back, specify to be automatically performed.Another favourable selection is that the interior condition according to switching device starts above-mentioned test.In this case, when may there be can't carry out dangerous in the interior condition demonstration, test being automatically performed.Therefore, above-mentioned two favourable selections that are used to start test have embodied further embodiment of the present invention.Be construed as: embodiment only is a yes-no decision.Embodiment also can be combined.
In another embodiment, processor is used to handle the information that is obtained and/or corresponding indication is provided.Processor is operated according to computer program.Control and regulate with optimized efficient whereby.Switching device has little size and makes cheap.The feasible improvement according to obtaining information and to the control mode of being implemented of this embodiment becomes easy.
According to another aspect of the present invention, goal of the invention realizes by a kind of switching device, this switching device comprises contact portion (4,5), motor and the mechanical coupling that is used to carry out movement conversion from motor at least one contact portion, it is characterized in that, switching device further comprises the device that is used to carry out self-diagnostic test, the described device that is used to carry out self-diagnostic test comprises the device that is used to carry out little motor movement, and described little motor movement only is the sub-fraction that the switching device contact portion is turn-offed the stroke of motion fully by the stroke that mechanical coupling carries out the motion after the movement conversion.By above-mentioned testing apparatus is provided, can obtain the advantage of those the switching device similar types relevant with being used to assess switching device state and the top method of having stated of being invented.
Embodiment
Describe claimed the present invention below with reference to accompanying drawings in detail.
The key element of electric switchgear that Fig. 1 has used schematic illustration.It comprises the chamber 1 of opening circuit, drive unit 2 and a drive rod 3.In the chamber of opening circuit, be provided with fixed contact and divide 4 and movable contact portion 5.Each contact portion links with conductor respectively.Under normal conditions, two contact portions 4,5 contact with each other and flow to another contact portion by the switching device electric current from a contact portion.When electric current is interrupted because of certain reason, for example owing to the failed shorted electric current, movable contact portion 5 divides 4 to remove at a high speed from fixed contact.Thereby between contact portion, produce electric arc at first, after contact portion was separated by insulating gas, electric arc disappeared at once.After this, when electric current is closed, movable contact portion 5 is again towards dividing 4 directions that contact to move with fixed contact.Manually or automatically carry out the startup that this moves.By realizing the disconnection and the closure of switching device with the drive rod 3 that movable contact portion links to each other with drive unit in the drive unit.For dissimilar switching devices, its total structure is common, and it can be realized in a different manner.Some thin portions that exist usually in the switching device have been omitted among the figure.This is in order to illustrate above-mentioned element of work.Following explanation relates generally to the thin portion 2 of figure, just drive unit.Although in fact drive unit is configured to a common apparatus with the chamber of opening circuit, in the drawings, drive unit is expressed as the device that separates with the chamber of opening circuit.
Fig. 2 has represented and first embodiment of the drive unit 2 of the described similar switching device of Fig. 1 that drive unit comprises the motor 6 that is made of cover 7 stators that surrounded 12 and rotor 13.One end of cover 7 is fixed on the mounting panel 8, and this mounting panel is carried by a supporting member, for example, passes the mode in the hole 9 in the mounting panel 8 by bolt.Among the figure, the side that deviates from motor of post 9 slave plates of insulating material such as porcelain system extends upward.Insulated column 9 is provided with flange 10 so that obtain the incremental creep distance in its outside.Inside at insulated column is provided with drive rod.At the upper end of insulated column 9 (not shown), holding open circuit chamber and movable contact portion and be rigidly connected on the drive rod 3.Drive rod 3, insulated column 9 and motor 6 all are coaxial.
For the described situation of foundation Fig. 1 disconnects and the Closing Switch device, a movement conversion mechanism is set to be used for the rotation of rotor 13 is converted into the translation of drive rod 3.Will be described in greater detail below described movement conversion mechanism.
In electric machine casing 1, rotor 13 is connected by axle journal by the bearing 14,15 of each end of rotor.The stator 12 of motor is fixed on the electric machine casing 1, and this electric machine casing 1 is fixed on the mounting panel 8, and rotor 13 has a centre bore 30 that extends along the major part of rotor length.Mounting panel 8 has the opening coaxial with motor shaft, and in this opening, nut 16 is connected to be used for the angle contact ball bearing 18 with double effect by axle journal.The bolt (not shown) that the utilization of the outer shroud 19 of ball bearing 18 extends through in the hole 20 of flange of outer shroud is installed on the mounting panel 8.The interior ring 21 of bearing is rigidly connected on the nut 16.Interior ring 21 also is rigidly connected on the rotor 13.
Screw rod 17 promptly has the bar of screw thread, extends through nut.The screw thread of nut 16 and screw rod 17 matches in the mode that is engaged with each other.Therefore the relative rotation between them will cause screw rod to move axially with respect to nut.Screw rod 17 is away from an end of motor, and promptly the upper end among the figure links to each other with the drive rod 3 of switching device.Thereby by finishing above-mentioned connection in the hole 23 of the upper end of screw rod being stretched into drive rod lower end 24.Realize described connection by the pin that radially is provided with 25 that extend the termination of screw rod and drive rod.
Pilot sleeve 26 extends and surrounds described screw rod 17 from mounting panel 8, and what pilot sleeve 26 had a radial location extends axially guided way 27.Pin 25 stretches out by each guided way 27, and is provided with lock washer 28 at its each end.Guided way 27 has the diameter corresponding width with pin 25.Whereby, screw rod 17 is fixed to prevent that it is with respect to pilot sleeve 26 rotations.By in the mode of unshowned bolt by hole 29 pilot sleeve 26 being fixed on the mounting panel 8, pilot sleeve 26 also is fixed to prevent its rotation.Pilot sleeve 26 has certain internal diameter so that drive rod 3 inserts wherein with less gap.
Like this, be axially fixed when nut 16 connects by its diameter of axle, screw rod 17 is fixed to prevent that it from following nut and rotating by above-mentioned setting, and this causes screw rod to be forced to move axially.
The common position of switching device when Fig. 2 represents to be in the close position.When wanting the driving switch device with interruptive current, motor is activated, so that its rotor turns clockwise as shown in above-mentioned figure.This forces screw rod to move clockwise, and movable thus contact portion 5 (referring to Fig. 1) is from removing with fixed contact branch position contacting.Centre bore 30 has the length that is used for providing adequate space to screw rod, disconnects required sufficient distance fully for use in making screw rod move one.During opening operation, the bottom of drive rod in pilot sleeve 26 to lower slider.
When finishing disconnection, motor stops, and the bottom of screw rod 17 is near the bottom in hole 30 at this moment.Pin 26 is positioned at the lower end of guided way 27 this moment.When switching device is reset subsequently, motor is activated, but rotation in the opposite direction, so screw rod 17 and drive rod move up together, divides with fixed contact once more up to movable contact portion 5 to contact, and each parts of device will be in position shown in Figure 2 once more.
Finish the conversion that applies to translational motion from the rotation of motor by drive unit, conversion also can be provided with by many other modes beyond Fig. 2 institute describing mode certainly, in addition, does not always need movement conversion usually.May exist to be in and disconnect or the movable contact portion of closure state is rotated and by the translation of the movable contact portion of linear electric motor.In the embodiment that Fig. 2 describes, nut links to each other with rotor and screw rod links to each other with movable contact portion, and in some cases, oppositely connection is preferably, and promptly screw rod links to each other with rotor and nut links to each other with movable contact portion.Screw rod and rotor connect together like this, and are forced to translation by the coupling nut with screw rod.Thereby become much smaller than among Fig. 2 embodiment that such advantage that embodiment provided is the object quality that is accelerated translational motion.
Fig. 3 has represented the block diagram of the switching device among the present invention.It comprises the chamber 1 of opening circuit with contact portion 4,5.Switching device is operated on the circuit 51 of electrical network, and the appropriate section of each contact portion 4,5 and circuit 51 links.Contact portion is movable and is connected to motor 6 by mechanical coupling 41 that described mechanical coupling is used for the rotation of motor is converted to the translation of movable contact portion 5.Being provided with of chamber, mechanical coupling and motor of opening circuit can certainly be adopted other setting as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.
By electric connector 52 motor 6 is connected to transducer 47.By electric connector 53 transducer 47 is connected on the capacitor group 44.The electric energy that installation switching device is used offers transducer 47 from capacitor group 44.Transducer conversion electricity also provides it to motor 6.Capacitor group 44 is by a charger that links to each other with power supply network 49 or battery supply 50 48 chargings.
The operation of control device 43 control switch devices.Control device is configured to obtain the information of relevant switching device and provides control signal for its operation.A plurality of like this holding wires link up other parts of control device 43 and switching device.First control signal wire links up the tape deck 42 in control device and the motor 6.Tape deck 42 is coupled to the rotor of motor so that obtain the data of relevant its motion.These data can be position, speed, acceleration or its combination.Because the motion of rotor is delivered to movable contact portion 5.The data of rotor motion have embodied the corresponding data of movable contact portion 5.
By secondary signal line 55, control device 43 transmits control signal to transducer 47, is used to control the operation of motor 6.By control signal, the motion of transducer 47 control rotors is its position, speed and/or acceleration for example, and then controls the corresponding sports of movable contact portion 5.According to producing control signal from the signal that tape deck 42 is obtained by first holding wire 54.By control device, the operation of switching device is real-time adaptive ground Be Controlled like this.
The storage device 70 that setting links to each other with control device 43.In storage device 70, measurement relevant with switching device and incident are recorded and store,
The 3rd holding wire 56 links up the measurement mechanism 67 in control device 43 and the circuit 51, and wherein switching device is operated on circuit 51.Measurement mechanism is configured to the electric current in the measurement circuitry 51 and the cross-over connection voltage of switching device.The information of relevant above-mentioned measurement is delivered to control device 43 by holding wire 56.Above-mentioned information also influences from control device 43 to transducer 47 control signal, thereby influences the operation of switching device.Also be used to make the operation of switch and electric current and/or voltage synchronous from the signal of measurement mechanism 57.When opening operation, switching device can be synchronized into and make the separation of contact portion occur in the zero crossing of electric current or occur in the scheduled time relevant with the zero crossing of electric current.When closed procedure, switching device can be synchronized into and make the contact of contact portion occur in the interior scheduled time of voltage cycle.
The further input that forms control device from the 4th holding wire 67, the 5th holding wire 58, the 6th holding wire 59 and the 7th holding wire 60 of the different parts of switching device.By the 4th holding wire 67, current measuring device 45 received signals from the electric connector between transducer 47 and motor 52.By the signal that the 5th holding wire 58 receives from transducer 47, this signal has shown the state of transducer 47, for example its temperature.By the 6th holding wire 59, voltage measuring apparatus 46 received signals from the electric connector 53 between capacitor battery 44 and transducer 47.By the signal of the 7th holding wire 60 receptions from charger 48.
Can be recorded and be stored in the storage device 70 that links to each other with control device 43 from all information of unlike signal line.Storage device comprises a plurality of records, is operation note, events/failures record, nearest operation note and long record.Therefore, above-mentioned record comprises about the information of the measurement in the switching device, incident and fault and comprises operating parameter in the operation, for example the cross-over connection voltage of the temperature of contact portion position, speed and acceleration, rotor-position, speed and acceleration, operation institute energy requirement, switching device, switching device and institute's galvanization, from the data of transducer.
In record, the information of the self-diagnostic test of relevant switch also can be stored.
Switching device further is provided with processor 71, its computer program according to computer program such as computer-readable media is operated, in order to produce control signals from the control device 43 that is used for switching device operation, how processed computer program provides about the information that is obtained from the difference source through holding wire for processor 71 is instructions.Program also provides the instruction that how to influence processing procedure about depositing information.