CN100475448C - Centrifuge hot press sintering method and device of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel - Google Patents
Centrifuge hot press sintering method and device of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN100475448C CN100475448C CNB2005100178791A CN200510017879A CN100475448C CN 100475448 C CN100475448 C CN 100475448C CN B2005100178791 A CNB2005100178791 A CN B2005100178791A CN 200510017879 A CN200510017879 A CN 200510017879A CN 100475448 C CN100475448 C CN 100475448C
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Abstract
The present invention is centrifugal sintering method and apparatus for making super hard material grinding wheel with metal adhesive. The centrifugal sintering method is that under heating condition, the mold is made to rotate at high speed so that the mixed material inside the mold is heat pressurized and sintered under the action of centrifugal force. The centrifugal sintering apparatus includes one heater and one centrifugal machine, the heater is an inducing heater or a resistive heater, and the centrifugal machine includes a support and a machine seat with protecting cover, main rotating shaft mechanism and mold inside the heating element of the heater. The present invention realizes centrifugally pressurized sintering, and has raised axial density homogeneity of the super hard material grinding wheel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly, especially relate to a kind of metal anchoring agent diamond wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method and device.
Background technology
In diamond tool, metal bonded wheel has higher grinding efficiency, stronger profile hold facility and desirable service life, is widely used in manufacture fields such as nonmetallic materials such as stone material, pottery, glass, refractory material, carbide alloy, magnetic material, semi-conducting material and nonferrous materials.
Metal anchoring agent diamond wheel adopts the powder metallurgic method manufacturing usually, and process procedure mainly comprises: batch mixing, axially moulding, sintering, back processing etc.The uniformity that emery wheel tissue and hardness and diamond abrasive grain distribute, the degree of injury of diamond abrasive grain in the sintering process directly has influence on the serviceability of emery wheel, must guarantee by manufacturing process.Abrasive wheel forming and sintering link can adopt following four kinds of modes: the preformed of colding pressing (powder compact) → pressureless sintering, the preformed of colding pressing (powder compact) → hot pressed sintering, the preformed of colding pressing (powder compact) → pressureless sintering → hot pressing and (powder) hot pressed sintering.
The moulding process of emery wheel adopts the process of axial mold pressing for many years always.Because the loss of internal friction between the external friction power of mixed powder and mould inner wall and mixed powder particle in the moulding compression process produces axial pressure gradient when causing abrasive wheel forming, influenced the uniformity of abrasive wheel forming density.When particularly making high thickness emery wheel with this technology, the compact density of grinding wheel spindle on different cross section differs greatly, for improving the inhomogeneities of abrasive wheel forming density, have to its sectional forming, sintering, processing vertically, make combinated grinding wheel, but on emery wheel, form the ring-type seam, influence grinding quality.Simultaneously, have the emery wheel (as single groove or multiple-grooved) of complex profile vertically,, must not only take a lot of work, and take material, increased production cost greatly, reduced production efficiency by back processing solution with the directly compression moulding of axial mode compression technology for cylindrical.
Metal bonded wheel must carry out sintering could be used, in the sintering method there be mode of heating at present: resistance heated (heater element, mould and sintered material itself is by the electric current heating), eddy-current heating methods such as (intermediate frequency or high-frequency induction heating wherein also are divided into heater element, mould and sintered material induction heating itself).Resistance heated efficient is low, programming rate produces thermograde slowly and easily; High-frequency heating has thermal efficiency height, the fast advantage of firing rate, but has " kelvin effect ", is fit to surface hardening, as the sintering thermal source, is easy to generate grinding tool thermograde radially; Heating in medium frequency is except the advantage with high-frequency heating, and its heat penetration can reach the sintering process requirement by adjustment, is applied at present, but owing to be the external heat source heating, reaches the reaction temperature of compound, then must integral body be heated to higher temperature.
Forming and sintering for cylindrical shape and annular goods, under the bigger situation of its axial dimension, perhaps the goods outer round surface has under the situation of axial complex profile, should adopt radial pressure moulding process (comprising simulation isostatic compaction technology, centrifugal molding process etc.), and wherein centrifugal molding process is first-selected technology.Technology such as centrifugal casting, centrifugal casting is widely used in industries such as ceramic moulding, metal casting, medicine equipment, jewellery processing.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention: solve the problem of the axial Density Distribution inequality of bringing in the high thickness metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel conventional axial extrusion forming technology, and cylindrical axially has the emery wheel compression moulding difficult problem of complex profile; Improve the fire damage that sintering velocity alleviates superhard abrading agent, improve the hold of bond alloying level enhancing to abrasive particle, improve the wheel grinding performance, centrifugal compressive reaction sintering method of a kind of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel and device (comprising technology, frock, centrifugal burning equipment etc.) are provided.
Purpose of the present invention can realize by following measure:
The present invention includes following steps:
A, in the die cavity of mould and composition, with emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, separation layer and centrifugal medium ecto-entad hierarchal arrangement radially, mould is fixed on the mainshaft mechanism; The emery wheel working layer materials comprises abrasive material, metallic bond;
B, starter motor, the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer;
C, start heater, to molding mass heat up, pressurization, finish centrifuge hot press sintering after, close heating power supply;
D, be cooled to below 300 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
Medium plain emery wheel working layer materials of the present invention and transition layered material are preformed pressed compact or particulate powder material.Centrifugal medium (4) is high desnity metal particle or alloying pellet, particle size range: between 0.1～1mm.Centrifugal medium (4) is casting tungsten carbide powder or coarse granule tungsten powder.Abrasive material is diamond or cubic boron nitride.Bond comprises metal dust, non-metal powder etc.As preferred version, between described steps A and B, also can add following processing step: mould environment of living in is sealed, vacuumize, charge into protection gas.Heater is induction heating apparatus or resistive heating device.As preferred version, should pass through pelletization treatment respectively at the emery wheel working layer materials described in the described steps A, transition layered material.
Employed centrifuge hot press sintering device in the metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method of the present invention, it comprises heater and centrifuge apparatus; Described heater adopts induction heating apparatus or resistive heating device; Centrifuge apparatus comprises support and support, described support is provided with protective cover and rotary main shaft mechanism, in rotary main shaft mechanism, be mounted with mould, described mould comprises mould baffle plate, mould external mold and core rod, in the die cavity that constitutes by mould baffle plate, mould external mold and core rod centrifugal medium, separation layer, emery wheel working layer materials and transition layered material are housed, mould is in the heater in the heating element heater, and rotary main shaft mechanism is provided with coolant guiding channel.
Be provided with coolant guiding channel in the main shaft among the present invention in the rotary main shaft mechanism; Described cooling medium is cold gas or cooling fluid.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, utilize centrifugal force to realize radially evenly extrusion forming, improve the uniformity of high thickness grinding wheel spindle to density, compact density is high and can control, and can improve the production efficiency of this type of emery wheel simultaneously, reduces production costs;
2, realize the compression moulding of the axial complex profile emery wheel of cylindrical, make the designer can freely design sand
The shape of wheel outer circumference surface alleviates difficulty of processing and workload behind the emery wheel;
3, forming and sintering equipment is simple, and intensification and speed of gyration all adopt sequencing to control automatically.Controllability is good, the control accuracy height.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a structural representation of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The present invention does with detailed description below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Embodiment 1,
The present invention includes following steps:
A, in the die cavity that mould (4) and (5) are formed, with emery wheel working layer materials (8), transition layered material (17), separation layer (7) and centrifugal medium (6) ecto-entad hierarchal arrangement radially, mould is fixed on the mainshaft mechanism (11); Emery wheel working layer materials (8) comprises abrasive material, metallic bond;
B, starter motor (12), the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer;
C, start heater, to molding mass heat up, pressurization, finish centrifuge hot press sintering after, close heating power supply;
D, be cooled to below 300 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
Centrifugal medium (4) is high desnity metal particle or alloying pellet among the present invention, particle size range: between 0.1～1mm.Described centrifugal medium (4) is casting tungsten carbide powder or coarse granule tungsten powder.Abrasive material is diamond or cubic boron nitride.Bond comprises metal dust, non-metal powder etc.As preferred version, between described steps A and B, also can add following processing step: mould environment of living in is sealed, vacuumize, charge into protection gas.Heater is induction heating apparatus or resistive heating device.As preferred version, should pass through pelletization treatment respectively at the emery wheel working layer materials described in the described steps A, transition layered material.
Employed centrifuge hot press sintering device in the metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method of the present invention, it is characterized in that: it comprises heater and centrifuge apparatus; Described heater adopts induction heating apparatus or resistive heating device; Centrifuge apparatus comprises support (1) and support (15), described support (15) is provided with protective cover (10) and rotary main shaft mechanism (11), in rotary main shaft mechanism (11), be mounted with mould, described mould comprises mould baffle plate (5), mould external mold (4) and core rod (9), by mould baffle plate (5), in the die cavity that mould external mold (4) and core rod (9) constitute centrifugal medium (6) is housed, separation layer (7), emery wheel working layer materials (8) and transition layered material (17), mould is in the heating element heater in the heater (2), and rotary main shaft mechanism (11) is provided with coolant guiding channel.Be provided with coolant guiding channel in the main shaft in the rotary main shaft mechanism (11); Described cooling medium is cold gas or cooling fluid.Label (3) is the cooling medium outlet port, and label (16) is the cooling medium inlet seat, and label (13) is the driving belt on the motor, and label (14) is a belt wheel.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
Manufacture and design Φ 100mm * 150mm (height dimension) * 3mm (emery wheel abrasive material thickness)/7mm (the non-abrasive material thickness of emery wheel also claims transition zone)
The percentage by weight of bond is: Cu 50～80%, Co 10～15%, Fe 10～15%, Ni 5～10%, Sn 10～20%, Zn 0～5%.
Diamond concentration: 100%, granularity 70/80.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, batch mixing
Earlier the various bond powder that above-mentioned prescription is needed are put into the general two dimension of super hard abrasive tool industry after by the weighing of prescription share or the three-dimensional blender machine fully mixes (do and mix) evenly, the time is 40 minutes.Add diamond again and fully mix (do mix) evenly, the time is 30 minutes.
B, granulation
Above-mentioned compound is added metal binding agent diamond tool make general granulation agent (the interim forming agent of WS120); stir in the agitator on the general granulator of industry and reach required do wet degree after; carry out pelletization treatment; compound becomes the evenly particle of (30 sieve mesh made in U.S.A) of size through granulating, have good flowability and stable apparent density.
C, moulding:
Mold pressing preformed: get the above-mentioned particulate material of some (calculating), in the steel mold of packing into, on hydraulic press, load certain axial compressive force compression moulding at normal temperatures, become the parison relative density to reach 60% through granulating according to above-mentioned emery wheel size.
D, centrifuge hot press sintering:
A. above-mentioned cold moudling pressed compact, centrifugal dielectric material and separation layer are assembled in graphite jig; on the special-purpose centrifuge hot press sintering equipment of this patent design, carry out centrifuge hot press sintering; this centrifuge hot press sintering equipment thermal source is a Frequency Induction Heating, and sintering atmosphere is restitutive protection's atmosphere.Heat up during sintering and revolution employing programming automation control.
B. starter motor (12), the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer; Sintering temperature rise period centrifuge speed is 1200RPM, and the holding stage centrifuge speed is 4000RPM, and natural temperature-fall period centrifuge speed is 2000RPM.
C. start heater, molding mass is heated up, pressurizes 760 ℃ ± 3 ℃ of sintering temperatures; After finishing centrifuge hot press sintering, close heating power supply, sintering time amounts to 24 minutes: the temperature rise period branch carries out for four sections, amounts to nine minutes, holding stage five minutes, and cooling is ten minutes naturally;
D. be cooled to below 260 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
Above-mentioned centrifugal medium (4) is a casting tungsten carbide powder, particle size range: between 0.5～1mm.
Centrifugal burning emery wheel base Performance Detection: the averag density of emery wheel sintered blank is 90% (relative density), and the emery wheel hardness number is HRB85 ± 2; The emery wheel external diameter detects size: Φ 100mm ± 0.02 * 150mm ± 0.05.Compare with traditional handicraft, the density of the emery wheel of employing centrifugal burning technology manufacturing is more even, and the outside dimension precision has improved an order of magnitude.
This kind specification emery wheel is used for the bar centreless grinding processing of materials such as magnetic material, crystal, carbide alloy.Compare with the emery wheel of traditional handicraft manufacturing, the emery wheel of centrifuge hot press sintering technology manufacturing has better profile hold facility, higher grinding efficiency and lower manufacturing cost.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
Manufacture and design Φ 100mm * 150mm (height dimension) * 5mm (emery wheel abrasive material thickness)/5mm (the non-abrasive material thickness of emery wheel also claims transition zone)
The percentage by weight of bond is: Cu 50～80%, Co 10～15%, Fe 10～15%, Ni 5～10%, Sn 15～20%, Zn 0～5%.
Diamond concentration: 75%, granularity 140/170.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, batch mixing
Earlier the various bond powder that above-mentioned prescription is needed are put into the general two dimension of super hard abrasive tool industry after by the weighing of prescription share or the three-dimensional blender machine fully mixes (do and mix) evenly, the time is 40 minutes.Add diamond again and fully mix (do mix) evenly, the time is 40 minutes.
B, granulation
Above-mentioned compound is added metal binding agent diamond tool make general granulation agent (the interim forming agent of WS120); stir in the agitator on the general granulator of industry and reach required do wet degree after; carry out pelletization treatment; compound becomes the evenly particle of (40 sieve mesh made in U.S.A) of size through granulating, have good flowability and stable apparent density.
C, moulding:
Mold pressing preformed: get the above-mentioned particulate material of some (calculating), in the steel mold of packing into, on hydraulic press, load certain axial compressive force compression moulding at normal temperatures, become the parison relative density to reach 55% through granulating according to above-mentioned emery wheel size.
D, centrifuge hot press sintering:
A. above-mentioned cold moudling pressed compact, centrifugal dielectric material and separation layer are assembled in graphite jig; on the special-purpose centrifuge hot press sintering equipment of this patent design, carry out centrifuge hot press sintering; this centrifuge hot press sintering equipment thermal source is a Frequency Induction Heating, and sintering atmosphere is restitutive protection's atmosphere.Heat up during sintering and revolution employing programming automation control.
B. starter motor (12), the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer; Sintering temperature rise period centrifuge speed is 1200RPM, and the holding stage centrifuge speed is 4500RPM, and natural temperature-fall period centrifuge speed is 2000RPM.
C. start heater, molding mass is heated up, pressurizes 780 ℃ ± 3 ℃ of sintering temperatures; After finishing centrifuge hot press sintering, close heating power supply, sintering time amounts to 24 minutes: the temperature rise period branch carries out for four sections, amounts to nine minutes, holding stage five minutes, and cooling is ten minutes naturally;
D. be cooled to below 200 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
Above-mentioned centrifugal medium (4) is a casting tungsten carbide powder, particle size range: between 0.5～1mm.
Centrifugal burning emery wheel base Performance Detection: the averag density of emery wheel sintered blank is 92% (relative density), and the emery wheel hardness number is HRB88 ± 2; The emery wheel external diameter detects size: Φ 100mm ± 0.02 * 150mm ± 0.05.Compare with traditional handicraft, the density of the emery wheel of employing centrifugal burning technology manufacturing is more even, and the outside dimension precision has improved an order of magnitude.
This kind specification emery wheel is used for the bar centreless grinding processing of materials such as magnetic material, crystal, carbide alloy.Compare with the emery wheel of traditional handicraft manufacturing, the emery wheel of centrifuge hot press sintering technology manufacturing has better profile hold facility, higher grinding efficiency and lower manufacturing cost.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
Manufacture and design Φ 150mm * 150mm (height dimension) * 3mm (emery wheel abrasive material thickness)/5mm (the non-abrasive material thickness of emery wheel also claims transition zone)
The percentage by weight of bond is: Cu 60～80%, Co 5～10%, Fe 0～10%, Ni 5～10%, Sn 10～20%, Zn 0～5%.
Diamond concentration: 100%, granularity 80/100.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, batch mixing
Earlier the various bond powder that above-mentioned prescription is needed are put into the general two dimension of super hard abrasive tool industry after by the weighing of prescription share or the three-dimensional blender machine fully mixes (do and mix) evenly, the time is 40 minutes.Add diamond again and fully mix (do mix) evenly, the time is 30 minutes.
B, granulation
Above-mentioned compound is added metal binding agent diamond tool make general granulation agent (the interim forming agent of PEG); stir in the agitator on the general granulator of industry and reach required do wet degree after; carry out pelletization treatment; compound becomes the evenly particle of (30 sieve mesh made in U.S.A) of size through granulating, have good flowability and stable apparent density.
C, moulding:
Mold pressing preformed: get the above-mentioned particulate material of some (calculating), in the steel mold of packing into, on hydraulic press, load certain axial compressive force compression moulding at normal temperatures, become the parison relative density to reach 65% through granulating according to above-mentioned emery wheel size.
D, centrifuge hot press sintering:
A. above-mentioned cold moudling pressed compact, centrifugal dielectric material and separation layer are assembled in graphite jig; on the special-purpose centrifuge hot press sintering equipment of this patent design, carry out centrifuge hot press sintering; this centrifuge hot press sintering equipment thermal source is a Frequency Induction Heating, and sintering atmosphere is restitutive protection's atmosphere.Heat up during sintering and revolution employing programming automation control.
B. starter motor (12), the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer; Sintering temperature rise period centrifuge speed is 1500RPM, and the holding stage centrifuge speed is 4000RPM, and natural temperature-fall period centrifuge speed is 2000RPM.
C. start heater, molding mass is heated up, pressurizes 800 ℃ ± 5 ℃ of sintering temperatures; After finishing centrifuge hot press sintering, close heating power supply, sintering time amounts to 30 minutes: the temperature rise period branch carries out for four sections, amounts to ten minutes, holding stage five minutes, and cooling is 15 minutes naturally;
D. be cooled to below 250 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
Above-mentioned centrifugal medium (4) is the coarse granule tungsten powder, particle size range: between 0.2～0.8mm.
Centrifugal burning emery wheel base Performance Detection: the averag density of emery wheel sintered blank is 93% (relative density), and the emery wheel hardness number is HRB90 ± 2; The emery wheel external diameter detects size: Φ 150mm ± 0.02 * 150mm ± 0.05.Compare with traditional handicraft, the density of the emery wheel of employing centrifugal burning technology manufacturing is more even, and the outside dimension precision has improved an order of magnitude.
This kind specification emery wheel is used for the bar centreless grinding processing of materials such as magnetic material, crystal, carbide alloy.Compare with the emery wheel of traditional handicraft manufacturing, the emery wheel of centrifuge hot press sintering technology manufacturing has better profile hold facility, higher grinding efficiency and lower manufacturing cost.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
Manufacture and design Φ 150mm * 150mm (height dimension) * 2.5mm (emery wheel abrasive material thickness)/5.5mm (the non-abrasive material thickness of emery wheel also claims transition zone)
The percentage by weight of bond is: Cu 50～80%, Co 5～15%, Fe 5～15%, Ni 5～10%, Sn 10～20%, Zn 0～5%.
Diamond concentration: 75%, granularity 140/170.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, batch mixing
Earlier the various bond powder that above-mentioned prescription is needed are put into the general two dimension of super hard abrasive tool industry after by the weighing of prescription share or the three-dimensional blender machine fully mixes (do and mix) evenly, the time is 40 minutes.Add diamond again and fully mix (do mix) evenly, the time is 40 minutes.
B, granulation
Above-mentioned compound is added metal binding agent diamond tool make general granulation agent (the interim forming agent of PEG); stir in the agitator on the general granulator of industry and reach required do wet degree after; carry out pelletization treatment; compound becomes the evenly particle of (30 sieve mesh made in U.S.A) of size through granulating, have good flowability and stable apparent density.
C, moulding:
Mold pressing preformed: get the above-mentioned particulate material of some (calculating), in the steel mold of packing into, on hydraulic press, load certain axial compressive force compression moulding at normal temperatures, become the parison relative density to reach 60% through granulating according to above-mentioned emery wheel size.
D, centrifuge hot press sintering:
A. above-mentioned cold moudling pressed compact, centrifugal dielectric material and separation layer are assembled in graphite jig; on the special-purpose centrifuge hot press sintering equipment of this patent design, carry out centrifuge hot press sintering; this centrifuge hot press sintering equipment thermal source is a Frequency Induction Heating, and sintering atmosphere is restitutive protection's atmosphere.Heat up during sintering and revolution employing programming automation control.
B. starter motor (12), the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer; Sintering temperature rise period centrifuge speed is 1200RPM, and the holding stage centrifuge speed is 5000RPM, and natural temperature-fall period centrifuge speed is 2000RPM.
C. start heater, molding mass is heated up, pressurizes 810 ℃ ± 3 ℃ of sintering temperatures; After finishing centrifuge hot press sintering, close heating power supply, sintering time amounts to 30 minutes: the temperature rise period branch carries out for four sections, amounts to ten minutes, holding stage five minutes, and cooling is 15 minutes naturally;
D. be cooled to below 250 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
Above-mentioned centrifugal medium (4) is a casting tungsten carbide powder, particle size range: between 0.3～1mm.
Centrifugal burning emery wheel base Performance Detection: the averag density of emery wheel sintered blank is 95% (relative density), and the emery wheel hardness number is HRB93 ± 2; The emery wheel external diameter detects size: Φ 150mm ± 0.02 * 150mm ± 0.05.Compare with traditional handicraft, the density of the emery wheel of employing centrifugal burning technology manufacturing is more even, and the outside dimension precision has improved an order of magnitude.
This kind specification emery wheel is used for the bar centreless grinding processing of materials such as magnetic material, carbide alloy.Compare with the emery wheel of traditional handicraft manufacturing, the emery wheel of centrifuge hot press sintering technology manufacturing has better profile hold facility, higher grinding efficiency and lower manufacturing cost.
Method of the present invention comprises the steps:
Manufacture and design Φ 80mm * 50mm (height dimension) * 5mm (emery wheel abrasive material thickness)/5mm (the non-abrasive material thickness of emery wheel also claims transition zone) form grinding wheel, axial circular arc: R3 is arranged on the emery wheel excircle.
The percentage by weight of bond is: Cu 50～80%, Co 10～15%, Fe 0～10%, Ni 5～15%, Sn 5～15%, Zn 0～5%.
Diamond concentration: 100%, granularity 325/400.
Concrete preparation method is as follows:
A, batch mixing
Earlier the various bond powder that above-mentioned prescription is needed are put into the general two dimension of super hard abrasive tool industry after by the weighing of prescription share or the three-dimensional blender machine fully mixes (do and mix) evenly, the time is 40 minutes.Add diamond again and fully mix (do mix) evenly, the time is 60 minutes.
B, granulation
Above-mentioned compound is added metal binding agent diamond tool make general granulation agent (the interim forming agent of WS120); stir in the agitator on the general granulator of industry and reach required do wet degree after; carry out pelletization treatment; compound becomes the evenly particle of (80 sieve mesh made in U.S.A) of size through granulating, have good flowability and stable apparent density.
C, moulding:
Centrifugal preformed: the centrifugal force that utilizes centrifugal medium to be produced in the mould of at a high speed rotation is applied to the particulate material preformed after the pressure that is produced on the interface of particulate material of centrifugal medium and granulation makes granulation.Become the parison relative density to reach 50%.The centrifuge maximum speed reaches 12000RPM.
D, centrifuge hot press sintering:
A. above-mentioned cold moudling pressed compact, centrifugal dielectric material and separation layer are assembled in graphite jig; on the special-purpose centrifuge hot press sintering equipment of this patent design, carry out centrifuge hot press sintering; this centrifuge hot press sintering equipment thermal source is a Frequency Induction Heating, and sintering atmosphere is restitutive protection's atmosphere.Heat up during sintering and revolution employing programming automation control.
B. starter motor (12), the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer; Sintering temperature rise period centrifuge speed is 1500RPM, and the holding stage centrifuge speed is 6000RPM, and natural temperature-fall period centrifuge speed is 2000RPM.
C. start heater, molding mass is heated up, pressurizes 810 ℃ ± 3 ℃ of sintering temperatures; After finishing centrifuge hot press sintering, close heating power supply, sintering time amounts to 32 minutes: the temperature rise period branch carries out for four sections, amounts to 12 minutes, holding stage five minutes, and cooling is 15 minutes naturally;
D. be cooled to below 150 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
Above-mentioned centrifugal medium (4) is a casting tungsten carbide powder, particle size range: between 0.2～8mm.
Centrifugal burning emery wheel base Performance Detection: the averag density of emery wheel sintered blank is 92% (relative density), and the emery wheel hardness number is HRB90 ± 2; The emery wheel external diameter detects size: Φ 80mm ± 0.02 * 50mm ± 0.05, circular arc R ± 0.01.Compare with traditional handicraft, the density of the emery wheel of employing centrifugal burning technology manufacturing is more even, and outside dimension has higher accuracy class.
This kind specification emery wheel is used for the edging processing and forming of materials such as crystal, glass.Compare with the emery wheel of traditional handicraft manufacturing, this centrifuge hot press sintering technology has solved the processing difficult problem of circular arc working face on the emery wheel outer circumference surface well, and the emery wheel of manufacturing has better profile hold facility, higher grinding efficiency and lower manufacturing cost.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
A, in the die cavity that mould (4) and (5) are formed, with emery wheel working layer materials (8), transition layered material (17), separation layer (7) and centrifugal medium (6) ecto-entad hierarchal arrangement radially, mould is fixed on the mainshaft mechanism (11); Emery wheel working layer materials (8) comprises abrasive material, metallic bond;
B, starter motor (12), the molding mass high speed rotary that drives mould, centrifugal medium and form by emery wheel working layer materials, transition layered material, centrifugal medium pressurizes to molding mass by separation layer;
C, start heater, to molding mass heat up, pressurization, finish centrifuge hot press sintering after, close heating power supply;
D, be cooled to below 300 ℃, stop the rotation, take apart a die.
2, metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described centrifugal medium (4) is high desnity metal particle or alloying pellet, particle size range: between 0.1～1mm.
3, metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described centrifugal medium (4) is casting tungsten carbide powder or coarse granule tungsten powder.
4, metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described abrasive material is diamond or cubic boron nitride.
5, metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described bond comprises metal dust, non-metal powder.
6, metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: as preferred version; between described steps A and B, also can add following processing step: mould environment of living in is sealed, vacuumize, charge into protection gas.
7, metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described heater is induction heating apparatus or resistive heating device.
8, metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: as preferred version, should pass through pelletization treatment respectively at the emery wheel working layer materials described in the described steps A, transition layered material.
9, employed centrifuge hot press sintering device in a kind of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel centrifuge hot press sintering method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises heater and centrifuge apparatus; Described heater adopts induction heating apparatus or resistive heating device; Centrifuge apparatus comprises support (1) and support (15), described support (15) is provided with protective cover (10) and rotary main shaft mechanism (11), in rotary main shaft mechanism (11), be mounted with mould, described mould comprises mould baffle plate (5), mould external mold (4) and core rod (9), by mould baffle plate (5), in the die cavity that mould external mold (4) and core rod (9) constitute centrifugal medium (6) is housed, separation layer (7), emery wheel working layer materials (8) and transition layered material (17), mould is in the heating element heater in the heater (2), and rotary main shaft mechanism (11) is provided with coolant guiding channel.
10, centrifuge hot press sintering device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: be provided with coolant guiding channel in the main shaft in the described rotary main shaft mechanism (11); Described cooling medium is cold gas or cooling fluid.
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| CNB2005100178791A CN100475448C (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Centrifuge hot press sintering method and device of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel |
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| CNB2005100178791A CN100475448C (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2005-08-12 | Centrifuge hot press sintering method and device of metal bonding agent extra hard material grinding wheel |
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| CN100475448C true CN100475448C (en) | 2009-04-08 |
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| KR101776616B1 (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-09-11 | 주식회사 쓰리디컨트롤즈 | Three dimensional printing apparatus and method using method metal powder-containing material |
| CN110052974A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-07-26 | 华侨大学 | A kind of alusil alloy bonding agent cubic boron nitride emery wheel and its manufacturing method |
| CN111906703B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-03-11 | 长沙理工大学 | Die-casting forming method for superhard grinding wheel with ordered microgroove structure |
| CN111730509B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2022-03-11 | 长沙理工大学 | Die-casting forming device for superhard grinding wheel with ordered microgroove structure |
| CN112811916A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Hot isostatic pressing device for carbon-based composite material and preparation method of composite material |
| CN115847693B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-05-30 | 嘉善意德珑氟技术股份有限公司 | Forming process of high-strength polytetrafluoroethylene sheet |
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