CN100473734C - Nickel magnesium alloy and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
Nickel magnesium alloy and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN100473734C CN100473734C CNB2006100282484A CN200610028248A CN100473734C CN 100473734 C CN100473734 C CN 100473734C CN B2006100282484 A CNB2006100282484 A CN B2006100282484A CN 200610028248 A CN200610028248 A CN 200610028248A CN 100473734 C CN100473734 C CN 100473734C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nickel-magnesium alloy and smelting method, which comprises the following parts: 8-49% Mg, 49-91% Ni, 0-18%Fe, 1.0% Al, 1.0% C, 1.0% Si and 1.0%Mn, 2.5% (Al%+C%+Si%+Mn%). The making method comprises the following steps: preparing materials; loading materials; supplying power; melting; rotating furnace; alloying; casting; fitting for smelting nickel-magnesium alloy with magnesium content at 8-49wt%.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of nickel-base alloy smelting process, particularly a kind of nickel magnesium alloy smelting process.
Background technology: need to use the magnesium deoxidation in the production of some high-grade steel and magneticsubstance, because the low and easy evaporation of fusing point of MAGNESIUM METAL, directly in molten steel, add MAGNESIUM METAL and be easy to generate spark, smog even blast, the recovery rate of magnesium is unstable and have a strong impact on the smelting production safety, so re-use after general Metal Melting with magnesium and higher melt is smelt alloy.Wherein common alloy form is nickel magnesium alloy or nickel Mg-Fe alloy, and the content of magnesium is 3-50% (weight percent) in the alloy.But for nickel magnesium alloy, because the fusing point of nickel reaches 1452 ℃, the fusing point of magnesium has only 650 ℃, and MAGNESIUM METAL also has the vapour pressure height, magnetic conduction characteristics such as (not responding to) not, the actual production difficulty is very big, easy initiation fire, smog even blast during smelting, and magnesium recovery rate extremely low (general below 60%) and alloying constituent such as are not easy to reach at shortcoming.Generally also as adopt vacuum induction melting but there is following problem in the nickel magnesium alloy that is used before this: the recovery rate of magnesium is low and unstable, and the ingredient stability that causes nickel magnesium alloy is poor, and can not produce Mg content greater than 32% alloy.The overlong time of smelting.This mainly is because magnesium is non-ferromagnetic metal, does not respond in common induction furnace, need to adopt plumbago crucible, perhaps channel induction furnace, and this brings very big inconvenience for actual batch process, also directly causes the low problem of foregoing magnesium recovery rate.
Summary of the invention: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of nickel magnesium alloy smelting process, the ingredient stability that mainly solves existing nickel magnesium alloy is poor, and can not produce Mg content greater than the alloy of 32wt% and tap to tap time long technical problem.Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of nickel magnesium alloy smelting process, it is characterized in that, each composition weight per distribution ratio is in the alloy: magnesium: 8-49%, Ni:49-91%, Fe:0-18%, the content of impurity elements Al, C, Si and Mn is all less than 1.0%, Al%+C%+Si%+Mn%＜2.5%; May further comprise the steps successively: get the raw materials ready, feed, send electricity, fusing, grate, alloying and cast operation,
When filling with substance, nickel block are all packed in the stove, MAG block 50-90% of the full dose of packing into for the first time, and a kind of filling the in the following four kinds of modes of material choice: MAG block, 3-6 layers of shove charge of the alternate branch of nickel block, orlop is a MAG block; MAG block, 3-6 layers of shove charge of the alternate branch of nickel block, orlop is a nickel block; MAG block and nickel block mix not stratified shove charge; MAG block and nickel block divide two-layer shove charge, upward are MAG block; In above-mentioned four kinds of modes, when the alloy iron content, iron and nickel block or MAG block are put together;
Smelting melting process, temperature is higher than 1510 ℃ in the control stove, in stove, add MAG block in the middle of smelting, before metal charge does not melt fully, the induction furnace specific power keeps the 2.3-3.1Kw/Kg metal charge, after melting clearly, the induction furnace specific power should keep the 1.0-2.2Kw/Kg level, before cast in 6-10 minutes, the specific power level should be lower than 1.6Kw/Kg, before furnace charge is molten clear or molten two stages after clear have that vacuum tightness is 34000Pa-51000Pa in the stage control stove at least, and lead to argon shield simultaneously;
The mold of anti-the material is adopted in the cast of ingot casting, and control vacuum tightness is 75000-100000Pa in the cast, and teeming temperature is 720-1180 ℃.
Selecting for use of the type of furnace and ingot mould: adopt the vacuum coreless induction furnace to carry out melting, furnace lining adopts magnesia, and the water glass bonding adopts the ingot mould of anti-the material.
Batching: according to Mg content batching in the finished product alloy, wherein the recovery rate of nickel is joined by 100%, and magnesium is joined by following recovery rate: alloys magnesium content when 8-17%, magnesium recovery rate 89-91%; Magnesium recovery rate 90-93% when Mg content is 17-36%; Mg content is prepared burden by 93% recovery rate more than 36%.
The nickel ingot is processed into the nickel block that substance is no more than 50 grams, and magnesium ingot is processed into the MAG block that substance is no more than 120 grams; After metal charge is packed into, in stove, add the pre-melted slag that mainly contains KCl and NaCl composition again.
Carry out at least 2 manual grates in the middle of the smelting to add the homogeneity of strong mixing and assurance ingot casting composition.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the recovery rate that 1, has increased substantially magnesium.Subject matter in the melting NiMg alloy is the scaling loss and the distillation of magnesium.The reason of scaling loss is the high reactivity and the high temperature of magnesium, so must adopt the vacuum oven melting; Distillation is because the vapour pressure of magnesium than higher, and adopts the vacuum oven melting will aggravate to distil.The present invention rationally adjusts the vacuum tightness and the temperature of smelting whole process, the loss of magnesium is dropped to minimum, can produce the nickel magnesium alloy of Mg content greater than 32wt%.2, accelerate speed of melting, reduce smelting cost.Because MAGNESIUM METAL is a non-ferromagnetic metal, induction heating not in induction furnace, though, although nickel is ferromagnetic metal, adopting coreless induction furnace and do not adding under the situation of plumbago crucible, heat-up rate in the stove is very slow, adopts method of the presently claimed invention significantly to accelerate fusing than other mode.3, even, the reduced in segregation of ingot casting metal ingredient, and composition precision height.Because recovery rate height, the induction furnace heat-up rate of magnesium are fast, adopt rational temperature control, grate and pouring type, make the control accuracy of composition improve.4, less to the influence of smelting equipment.The scaling loss of MAGNESIUM METAL and distillation have certain influence to equipment, follow-up smelting operation is made troubles, FAQs such as smog make the serious laying dust in induction furnace sight glass surface, magnesium steam gathers the vacuum pipe inwall and cause naked light etc. easily when vacuum breaker, is the stable hidden danger of bringing of production safety and status of equipment.The present invention has significantly reduced the generation of smog because the scaling loss of magnesium is controlled preferably.In sum, method proposed by the invention ensures safety for the suitability for industrialized production nickel magnesium alloy provides a kind of, the easy method of control of steady quality and cost.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: use the vacuum induction furnace of magnesia furnace lining, capacity is 50 kilograms, and power is 100kW, smelts the Ni-35%Mg alloy.
Furnace charge uses metal magnesium ingot and nickel plate, and purity is more than 99%.Actual Intake Quantity is 32kg, presses the magnesium recovery rate and calculates by 90%, and therefore actual batching is 12.4 kilograms in 20.8 kilograms in nickel and magnesium.The nickel plate is cut into 25 * 10 * 5mm (nickel plate thickness) sheetlet, and magnesium ingot cuts into substance between 70-110 gram square material.
When filling with substance, the nickel sheet is once all packed into, and MAG block is packed 9.7 kilograms into, and the alloy hopper is standby in other 2.7 kilograms of stoves of packing into.Magnesium, nickel layering are packed into, and bottom one deck is a MAG block, spread one deck nickel sheet above, and the nickel sheet is also filled in the slit between MAG block, and the top one deck is the nickel sheet in the stove.After metal charge was packed into, adding 200 grams again in stove was the pre-melted slag covering of main component with KCl and NaCl.
The bell that closes after charging finishes heats up.Front 17 minutes setting induction furnaces electric current 530A, voltage 160V, vacuum tightness 3Pa.Can be observed liquid metal in the stove in energising after 13 minutes, i.e. metal partial melting.Adjust power supply and vacuum tightness after the 18th minute, adjusted electric current is 500A, and voltage is 140V, and vacuum tightness 43000Pa opens the argon gas valve simultaneously, to logical argon shield in the stove.Carried out the grate first time on the 23rd minute, the time is 1 minute.Metal all melts in the 28th minute stove, and open the vacuum oven hopper valve and add MAG block this moment in stove.Adjust the stove electric current before the Open valve to 300A, voltage 150V and vacuum tightness 46000Pa kept 5 minutes, during carry out the grate second time.After the sampling in the 38th minute, close the ruhmkorff coil power supply thereafter, adjust vacuum tightness to 93000Pa, the inclination body of heater is poured into a mould, and cast finishes to open bell after 10 minutes.Afterwards to materials that to carry out composition analysis be nickeliferous 64.1%, Mg35.5%, very approaching with predetermined composition, Theoretical Calculation magnesium recovery rate 91.6%, ingot casting outward appearance no significant defect is done to show that the inner segregation of ingot casting is very slight after the composition analysis to each position sampling.
Embodiment 2: use same vacuum induction furnace smelting Ni-12%Mg alloy.
Actual Intake Quantity is 35kg, presses the magnesium recovery rate and calculates by 90%, and therefore actual batching is 4.7 kilograms in 30.8 kilograms in nickel and magnesium.The nickel plate is cut into 25 * 10 * 5 (nickel plate thickness) sheetlet, and magnesium ingot cuts into substance between 30-70 gram square material.
When filling with substance, the nickel sheet is once all packed into, and MAG block is packed 3.7 kilograms into, and the alloy hopper is standby in other 1 kilogram of stove of packing into.Magnesium, nickel alternatively layered are packed into, pack 6 layers altogether into, and bottom one deck is a MAG block, and the top one deck is the nickel sheet in the stove.
The bell that closes after charging finishes heats up.Front 14 minutes setting induction furnaces electric current 550A, voltage 150V, vacuum tightness 3Pa.Metal part fractional melting in the stove after switching on 12 minutes.Adjust power supply and vacuum tightness and logical argon shield after the 16th minute, adjusted electric current is 500A, and voltage is 130V, vacuum tightness 46000Pa.Carried out the grate first time on the 19th minute, the time is 1.5 minutes.Open the vacuum oven hopper valve after metal all melts in the 25th minute stove and in stove, add MAG block.Adjust the stove electric current before the Open valve to 330A, voltage 120V and vacuum tightness 50000Pa kept 3 minutes, treated to carry out the grate second time after MAG block melts fully, and the time is 1 minute.Took a sample in the 30th minute, thereafter grate 1.5 minutes once more.Close the ruhmkorff coil power supply at last, adjust vacuum tightness to 98000Pa, the inclination body of heater is poured into a mould, and cast finishes to open bell after 10 minutes.Afterwards to materials that to carry out composition analysis be nickeliferous 88%, Mg11.8%.Theoretical Calculation magnesium recovery rate 88%, more approaching with predetermined recovery rate.Ingot quality is qualified.
Embodiment 3, smelt Ni-38%Mg-10%Fe alloy.Get the raw materials ready by the described method of technical scheme, magnesium, nickel alternatively layered are packed into, pack 4 layers altogether into, and bottom one deck is the nickel sheet, and the top one deck is a MAG block in the stove, and iron and nickel are placed on one deck.All the other steps are with reference to embodiment 1.Afterwards to materials that to carry out composition analysis be nickeliferous 52.0%, Mg 37.2%, Fe 10.5.Theoretical Calculation magnesium recovery rate 89%, more approaching with predetermined recovery rate.Ingot quality is qualified.
Embodiment 4, smelt Ni-20%Mg-15%Fe alloy.Get the raw materials ready by the described method of technical scheme, magnesium, nickel and iron mix not stratified stacking, and all the other steps are with reference to embodiment 1.Afterwards to materials that to carry out composition analysis be nickeliferous 64.1.0%, Mg 19.7%, Fe 15.4.Theoretical Calculation magnesium recovery rate 90.5%, more approaching with predetermined recovery rate.Ingot quality is qualified.
Method involved in the present invention is applicable to that also other contains the alloy melting of high reactivity, high-vapor-pressure metal element (as rare earth, calcium etc.) and higher melt metallic element simultaneously.Ni-Ca alloy for example, the smelting of Si-Ca alloy.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of nickel magnesium alloy smelting process is characterized in that, each composition weight per distribution ratio is in the alloy: magnesium: 8-49%, Ni:49-91%, Fe:0-18%, the content of impurity elements Al, C, Si and Mn be all less than 1.0%, Al%+C%+Si%+Mn%＜2.5%; May further comprise the steps successively: get the raw materials ready, feed, send electricity, fusing, grate, alloying and cast operation,
When filling with substance, nickel block are all packed in the stove, MAG block 50-90% of the full dose of packing into for the first time, and a kind of filling the in the following four kinds of modes of material choice:
MAG block, 3-6 layers of shove charge of the alternate branch of nickel block, orlop is a MAG block;
MAG block, 3-6 layers of shove charge of the alternate branch of nickel block, orlop is a nickel block;
MAG block and nickel block mix not stratified shove charge;
MAG block and nickel block divide two-layer shove charge, upward are MAG block;
In above-mentioned four kinds of modes, when the alloy iron content, iron and nickel block or MAG block are put together;
Smelting melting process, temperature is higher than 1510 ℃ in the control stove, in stove, add MAG block in the middle of smelting, before metal charge does not melt fully, the induction furnace specific power keeps the 2.3-3.1Kw/Kg metal charge, after melting clearly, the induction furnace specific power should keep the 1.0-2.2Kw/Kg level, before cast in 6-10 minutes, the specific power level should be lower than 1.6Kw/Kg, before furnace charge is molten clear or molten two stages after clear have that vacuum tightness is 34000Pa-51000Pa in the stage control stove at least, and lead to argon shield simultaneously;
The mold of anti-the material is adopted in the cast of ingot casting, and control vacuum tightness is 75000-100000Pa in the cast, and teeming temperature is 720-1180 ℃.
2, nickel magnesium alloy smelting process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when getting the raw materials ready, the nickel ingot is processed into the nickel block that substance is no more than 50 grams, and magnesium ingot is processed into the MAG block that substance is no more than 120 grams; After metal charge is packed into, in stove, add the pre-melted slag that mainly contains KCl and NaCl composition again.
3, nickel magnesium alloy smelting process according to claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out 2 times grate in the middle of the smelting at least.
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| CNB2006100282484A CN100473734C (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2006-06-28 | Nickel magnesium alloy and smelting method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102399940B (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2014-09-03 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Ni-Mg deoxidized block and preparation method thereof |
| CN106191618A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-12-07 | 洛阳名力科技开发有限公司 | A kind of alloy for preparing electronic material |
| CN106756183B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-04-20 | 南京浦江合金材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation process that can improve nickel magnesium nodulizer quality |
| CN106987681B (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2019-03-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of method of magnesium elements recovery rate in raising molten steel |
| CN109295324A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-02-01 | 禹州市恒利来合金有限责任公司 | A kind of method of smelting of nickel magnesium alloy |
| CN111254310A (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2020-06-09 | 山东大学 | Preparation method and application of porous nickel |
| CN111621673A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-09-04 | 江苏美特林科特殊合金股份有限公司 | Intermediate alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN113046623B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-11-30 | 东北大学 | Preparation and use methods of nickel-based rare earth magnesium intermediate alloy for molten steel alloying |
| CN115637353A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2023-01-24 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting nickel-magnesium alloy in vacuum induction furnace |
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- 2006-06-28 CN CNB2006100282484A patent/CN100473734C/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Effects of substitution of other elements for nickel inmechanically alloyed Mg50Ni50 amorphous alloys uesd fornickel-metal hydride batteries. Weihong Liu et al.Journal of Alloys and Compounds,Vol.261 . 1997 |
| Effects of substitution of other elements for nickel inmechanically alloyed Mg50Ni50 amorphous alloys uesd fornickel-metal hydride batteries. Weihong Liu et al.Journal of Alloys and Compounds,Vol.261 . 1997 * |
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