CN100471048C - Multi carrier power amplifier in wireless communication system - Google Patents
Multi carrier power amplifier in wireless communication system Download PDFInfo
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- CN100471048C CN100471048C CNB2005100341295A CN200510034129A CN100471048C CN 100471048 C CN100471048 C CN 100471048C CN B2005100341295 A CNB2005100341295 A CN B2005100341295A CN 200510034129 A CN200510034129 A CN 200510034129A CN 100471048 C CN100471048 C CN 100471048C
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Abstract
The related multi-carrier power amplifier applies tunable notch filter that can automatic regulate frequency and bandwidth by a controller to remove IMD signal and adapt to arbitrary frequency without replacing any module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication field, particularly the power amplifier in the wireless communication system.
Background technology
In communication system, power amplifier is used very general.The task of power amplifier is an amplification input signal, makes it to reach sufficiently high power level, to satisfy the requirement of transmitting antenna or load unit.In fact it not only is applied in all kinds transmitter, and many electronic equipments such as high frequency inverter and microwave power source etc. are also extensively used it.
The power output of transmitter high-frequency amplifiers at different levels little from tens milliwatts to the hundreds of milliwatt, high can reach tens watts, a few hectowatt so that several kilowatts.The power output of the amplifier input signal size that means it that varies in size differs also very big.With the bipolar transistor is example, when input signal hour, transistor all is operated in its amplification region in the whole signal period, this state is called the Class A power amplification.When input signal was very big, for the collector efficiency and the power output that improve amplifier, transistor will be operated in cut-off region, and promptly emitter junction, collector junction all are in reverse-bias state, and this state is called the Class B amplification or Class C amplifies.So-called Class B is amplified be meant that transistor collector current can only pass through in half period, and the ON time of Class C collector current when amplifying is less than half high frequency period.The efficient height that Class C amplifies, and power output can be very big, thus radio frequency when amplifying Class C commonly used amplify.
A main feature of power amplifier is the nonlinear state that is operated in large-signal.
Along with development of Communication Technique, particularly the research and development of the Application and Development of third generation communication system and Bluetooth technology emerge in large numbers, require power amplifier, particularly radio-frequency power amplifier that good linear characteristic is arranged, and the parameter that is used for the representing linear characteristic power level of intermodulation signal (IMD) often.This is because power amplifier is a kind of nonlinear device, no matter it is operated in linear zone, still in the inelastic region, the capital produces nonlinearity product, when only being operated in linear zone, the nonlinearity product power level is lower, only considers that generally its three rank IMD component gets final product; And be operated in the inelastic region when it, and its nonlinearity product power level is just very high, and at this moment, five rank IMD components even seven rank IMD components all must be paid attention to.
If the linear characteristic of the power amplifier of a communication system can not get improving, then can produce serious IMD component and spectrum leakage, bring mutual interference among signals, influence the quality of communication and the capacity of reduction communication system.How improving the system linearity degree is the problem that communication system needs to be resolved hurrily.
Current technology adopts following two kinds of methods to solve the linearity problems of communication system usually: first method is that power amplifier is carried out back-off, make amplifier be operated in linear zone, this method greatly reduces the operating efficiency of amplifier, increase the cost of system, may cause the more serious heat dissipation problem that gets simultaneously; Second method is to adopt linearization technique, utilizes suitable peripheral circuit, the nonlinear characteristic of the passage of posting a letter is proofreaied and correct, thereby present linear amplification effect to input signal on the whole at circuit.A kind of method in back has been avoided the very big device manufacturing technology of difficulty, set about from the external circuit of device, adopt the relatively low device of cost to form correcting circuit, this mode is not only various informative, and the selection of device is also more flexible, therefore is subjected at present generally adopting.In this method, the most effectively feed forward type and predistortion dual mode.
Following elder generation is 1 explanation feedforward power amplifier in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Feedforward power amplifier is mainly by coupler 110,111,112,113,114,115, attenuator 120,121, and main power amplifier (MPA) 130, delayer 140,141, error power amplifier (EPA) 150, feedback path 160 and linear algorithm module 170 are formed.Wherein, by coupler 110,111,112, attenuator 120, the major function that LOOP1 realized that MPA130 and delayer 140 formed is to extract the IMD signal that signal is produced after by main power amplifier MPA130; By coupler 111,112,113,114, attenuator 121, delayer 141, the major function that LOOP2 realized that EPA150 forms is the IMD that amplifies in the IMD counteracting carrier wave, makes the signal of output comparatively pure, thereby improves the linearity of amplifier.Suppose that multi-carrier signal 100 is for treating amplifying signal.Be divided into two-way by coupler 110 and send into LOOP1.Wherein one the tunnel send into amplifier MPA130.Because MPA's 130 is non-linear, output signal 101 has just had spuious IMD.Taking out a part of signal through coupler 111 joins at coupler 112 with the spuious carrier wave of sending here from delayer 140 that do not have.Regulate the amplitude and the phase place of D1, D2 vector attenuator 120, make the two-way carrier signal amplitude equal phase that arrives coupler 112 opposite, LOOP1 just offers our signal 102 like this, and it just contains IMD in theory.In the real process, the precision of signal 102 depends primarily on the meticulous adjusting of D1, the D2 of vector attenuator, and the value of D1, D2 is to be calculated, handle and obtain according to detecting the information that receiver receives by automatic control equipment, and this information has comprised the degree that carrier wave offsets.The IMD signal that is extracted amplifies the back by error amplifier EPA 150 and offsets by coupler 114 and the carrier wave that has IMD that was exaggerated, obtain being eliminated carrier signal 103 IMD, that be exaggerated, it is offset precision and receives IMD by detecting receiver, send into automatic control equipment and handle D3, the D4 that regulates vector attenuator 121, make the IMD signal amplitude equal phase that contains in the IMD signal that arrives coupler 114 and the carrier signal opposite.Reach the purpose of the IMD that improves MPA130 output at last.Carrier wave and IMD after narrow-band receiver detects LOOP1 and LOOP2 in turn and offsets by single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K1, K1 takes turns stream translation by the automatic control unit Synchronization Control between LOOP1 and LOOP2.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2 explanation pre-distorting power amplifiers.
Pre-distorting power amplifier mainly comprises two kinds of radio frequency distortion and base band predistortions.As shown in Figure 2, suppose initialize signal 200 input, send into power amplifier 220 through after the adder 210, output be signal 201 after being exaggerated.Because power amplifier is non-linear, comprises IMD in the signal 201, i.e. dotted portion in the signal 201 among the figure.Predistorter 230 produces and the reverse IMD signal 202 of signal 201 dotted portions, through adder 210 and power amplifier 220, becomes IMD signal 203.The IMD that IMD signal 203 and power amplifier 220 produces offsets, and makes IMD in the signal 204 of final output be reduced to and meets the demands.
Feed forward type and predistortion are two kinds of methods of effectively improving the system linear characteristic, yet in modern wireless telecommunication system, in order to reduce cost and to make system configuration compact more, system is tending towards adopting the multicarrier structure more.As shown in Figure 3, the multicarrier structure is composed in series successively by modulator 300, blender 310, high-speed A/D converter 320, multicarrier transmitter (MTX) 330, amplifier 340 and trapper 350.Wherein, modulator 300 is used for data are modulated, and is about to signal and is modulated on the carrier wave; Blender 310 is used for the data after the mixed multiplex modulation; High-speed A/D converter 320 is used for modulated data is converted to multi-carrier signal, and this multi-carrier signal frequency is lower usually; MTX330 is used for the multi-carrier signal of low-frequency range is transformed into the multicarrier radiofrequency signal; Amplifier 340 is used to amplify the multicarrier radiofrequency signal that MTX330 exports, and makes it reach enough power levels; Trapper 350 is a kind of band stop filters, is used for removing the IMD component of amplifier 340 output signals, makes output have only signal to pass through, and delivers on the antenna and launch.
In actual applications, there is following problem in such scheme: in current wireless cellular network, wireless network is made up of a large amount of base stations, the channel configuration of these base stations is inequality mostly, for example at Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, abbreviation ＂ WCDMA ＂) in the system, the frequency range of the corresponding 2110MHz to 2170MHz of tranmitting frequency, this frequency range will be distributed to different operators again, there is various combinations in frequency configuration in a large amount of base station of each operator, and these different frequency configuration will produce different IMD patterns after by amplifier.In order to eliminate IMD, just must design and produce the trapper that much has nothing in common with each other, cause the kind of product too much, problem such as stock's increase.In addition, in the daily operation process, if the carrier frequency of same base station increases or when adjusting, make operating frequency change, original trapper can not continue to use this moment, and the trapper that need more renew causes the waste of resource.
Cause the main cause of this situation to be, the stopband of trapper is fixed, and uses the power amplifier system of existing trapper can only work in single fixing frequency.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in a kind of wireless communication system, makes this power amplifier also can adapt to the frequency of any configuration under the condition that need not change any module.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in a kind of wireless communication system, comprise an interconnective amplifier and trapper, wherein,
Described amplifier is used for the multi-carrier signal that receives is carried out power amplification, and is input to described trapper;
Described trapper is used for the signal of described amplifier output is carried out filtering, removes intermodulation composition wherein, and the trap parameter of described trapper is adjustable;
And,
Described Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier also comprises controller, is used for the change according to the carrier wave configuration, adjusts the trap parameter of described trapper.
Wherein, described trap parameter comprises trap frequency, bandwidth or attenuation.
Described trapper comprises the sub-device of one or more polyphones, and each described sub-device is any one in adjustable subfilter, stator trapper or the stator filter.
The trap parameter of described adjustable subfilter is adjusted by variable capacitance diode or PIN pipe or radio-frequency (RF) switch or ferrite or YIG ball.
The LC element of described adjustable subfilter by conductor cavity or dielectric resonator or super conductive filter or variable (machinery is variable or automatically controlled variable) dielectric constant or YIG ball or high Q value waits to be realized.
The form of described adjustable subfilter can be waveguide or coaxial line or planar microstrip line.
Described planar microstrip line can be microstrip type or suspend microstrip type or strip line or fin line.
Also comprise at least one modulator, blender, digital to analog converter and multicarrier transmitter, wherein said modulator is used for input signal is modulated, blender is used for the modulation signal from described modulator is mixed, it is multi-carrier signal that described digital to analog converter is used for the mixed conversion of signals from blender, described multicarrier transmitter is converted to the multicarrier radiofrequency signal with described multi-carrier signal, and outputs to described amplifier.
By relatively can finding, technical scheme difference with the prior art of the present invention is, after the present invention directly sends into multi-carrier signal in amplifier and amplifies, utilizes the adjustable notch filter device to remove IMD signal from amplifier out.This adjustable notch filter device can be adjusted the frequency and the bandwidth of trap automatically according to the difference of carrier wave configuration under the controlling of controller.
Difference on this technical scheme has brought comparatively significantly beneficial effect, i.e. the present invention can be applicable to the power amplification of any configuration carrier signal, has the flexibility and the versatility of height; Under the situation that carrier signal changes, also need not to change device, save resource and workload; Save the feedback circuit of signal and IMD signal, save device and cost; Simple in structure, volume is little, is easy to realize miniaturization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of a kind of feedforward power amplifier in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of a kind of pre-distorting power amplifier in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of a kind of Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the prior art;
Fig. 4 is various carrier combination patterns and produce the schematic diagram of corresponding IMD signal among the frequency range A according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart that is applicable to the power amplifier of any carrier wave configuration according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that carries out trap before the carrier wave configuration variation according to an embodiment of the invention with the adjustable notch filter device;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that carries out trap after the carrier wave configuration variation according to an embodiment of the invention with the adjustable notch filter device;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that filter and sub-trapper are concatenated into the adjustable notch filter device that is used in according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Basic principle of the present invention at first is described.The present invention uses adjustable trapper to replace the trapper that can only be operated in fixed frequency originally, and increases controller, with the change according to the carrier wave configuration, adjusts the trap parameter of described trapper.In the present invention, the trap parameter comprises trap frequency, bandwidth or attenuation.
As previously mentioned, in the current wireless cellular network, there is multiple combination in the frequency configuration of base station.As shown in Figure 4, suppose can use among the frequency range A 1# carrier wave, 2# carrier wave and 3# carrier wave, abscissa is a frequency domain, label 400 to 412 expression IMD signals.When adopting different carrier combination, will produce the various IMD signals of different frequency.As produce IMD signal 400 and 401 when using the 1# carrier wave; Produce IMD signal 402 and 403 when using the 2# carrier wave; Produce IMD signal 404 and 405 when using the 3# carrier wave; Produce IMD signal 406 and 407 when using 1# carrier wave and 2# carrier wave; Produce IMD signal 408 and 409 when using 2# carrier wave and 3# carrier wave; Produce IMD signal 410,411 and 412 when using 1# carrier wave and 3# carrier wave.
In order to suppress above-mentioned various IMD signal, can use Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier of the present invention.As shown in Figure 5, this Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier is made up of modulator 300, blender 310, high-speed A/D converter 320, multicarrier transmitter (MTX) 330, amplifier 340, adjustable notch filter device 500 and controller 510.Wherein, modulator 300, blender 310, high-speed A/D converter 320, MTX330, amplifier 340 and adjustable notch filter device 500 are in series successively; Adjustable notch filter device 500 is made up of a series of sub-trappers, respectively different frequency locations is carried out trap; And controller 510 is positioned at same module with modulator 300, blender 310, is used to collect the information of carrier wave, meanwhile it also and each the sub-trapper in the adjustable notch filter device 500 link to each other, be used for controlling the trap frequency of trapper according to carrier information.What deserves to be explained is that this system may also need be such as additional devices such as isolators, they can be positioned in amplifier 340 or the adjustable notch filter device 500, and those of ordinary skill in the art are appreciated that this does not influence the spirit and scope of the invention.
The following describes the dynamic duty process of Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier of the present invention.
When difference appearred in the carrier wave configuration of wireless communication system, the position that the IMD signal of carrier wave occurs also can be different.Controller 510 will be collected the information of relevant carrier wave, control each the sub-trapper in the adjustable notch filter device 500 then, make the frequency of each trap point move as required, each trap band of adjustable notch filter device 500 is always aimed at the frequency location that need carry out trap like this, thereby adapts to the carrier wave configuration variation.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 6, accompanying drawing 7 an explanations preferred embodiment of the present invention.
In certain wireless communication system, comprise frequency range A, B, C.Suppose that frequency range B can use 1# carrier wave, 2# carrier wave and 3# carrier wave.In the initial launch stage, as shown in Figure 6, use the configuration of 2# carrier wave, produce IMD signal 600 and 601.Adjustable notch filter device 500 comprises 3 sub-trappers 5001,5002 and 5003.Wherein, sub-trapper 5002 is used to suppress the IMD signal of frequency range A and frequency range C regularly; Sub-trapper 5001 and 5003 then is a controlled variable, and they adjust the frequency location, bandwidth etc. of trap according to the indication of controller 510, the demand when satisfying different configuration.Therefore, in the initial launch stage, sub-trapper 5001 is used to suppress the interior IMD signal 600 of 1# carrier wave institute corresponding frequency band, and sub-trapper 5003 is used to suppress the interior IMD signal 601 of 3# carrier wave institute corresponding frequency band.Yet, along with number of users increases, need in frequency range B, increase carrier wave, and will adjust carrier wave and be configured to use 1# carrier wave and 3# carrier wave, as shown in Figure 7.This moment, sub-trapper 5002 continued to suppress regularly the IMD signal of frequency range A and frequency range C; 5001 requirements according to controller 510 of sub-trapper become the IMD signal 603 that suppresses in the 2# carrier wave institute corresponding frequency band; 5003 of sub-trappers can leave unused or suppress IMD signal in other frequency ranges according to the requirement of controller 510.What deserves to be explained is, as described in present embodiment, but adjustable notch filter device 500 can combine by stator trapper and varitron trapper, fixing sub-trapper only is responsible for the trap of fixed frequency range, but the varitron trapper then can change the frequency and the bandwidth of trap according to the control of controller 510.Any compound mode of fixing sub-trapper and variable sub-trapper does not all influence the spirit and scope of the invention.
For such as small pin for the case trappers such as stator trappers, can adopt subfilter to replace.What deserves to be explained is that general trapper all is suitable for being connected in series, and general filter is suitable for all and connects, the subfilter that therefore is used for alternative sub-trapper here also needs be connected in series with all the other sub-trappers.As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, among Fig. 8 adjustable notch filter device 500 can by sub-trapper 5001 and 5002 and subfilter 800 be in series.Subfilter 800 has replaced Fig. 7 neutron trapper 5002, suppresses the IMD signal of frequency range A and frequency range C with being used for fixing.That is to say that adjustable notch filter device of the present invention can be the combination of sub-trapper, also can be the combination of sub-trapper and subfilter.
But for the varitron trapper, parameters such as its trap frequency, bandwidth and attenuation amplitude all are variable.The change of these parameters can be passed through realizations such as variable (machinery is variable or automatically controlled variable) dielectric constant of variable capacitance diode (Varactor), PIN pipe, radio-frequency (RF) switch, ferrite or YIG ball, also can adjust the advance and retreat of screw rod or the rotation of inserted sheet realizes by stepping motor.
Those of ordinary skill in the art are appreciated that the form of above-mentioned trapper has included but not limited to waveguide, coaxial line and various forms planar microstrip line such as microstrip type, the microstrip type that suspends, strip line, fin line etc.Variable trapper can wait with the LC element of conductor cavity, dielectric resonator, super conductive filter, YIG ball and high Q value and realize.
Though by reference some preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is illustrated and describes, but those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that, can do various changes to it in the form and details, and the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not depart from appended claims and limited.
Claims (8)
1. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system comprises an interconnective amplifier and trapper, wherein,
Described amplifier is used for the multi-carrier signal that receives is carried out power amplification, and is input to described trapper;
Described trapper is used for the signal of described amplifier output is carried out filtering, removes intermodulation composition wherein,
It is characterized in that the trap parameter of described trapper is adjustable; And,
Described Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier also comprises controller, is used for the change according to the carrier wave configuration, adjusts the trap parameter of described trapper.
2. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described trap parameter comprises trap frequency, bandwidth or attenuation.
3. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described trapper comprises the sub-device of one or more polyphones, and each described sub-device is any one in adjustable subfilter, stator trapper or the stator filter.
4. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the trap parameter of described adjustable subfilter is adjusted by variable capacitance diode or PIN pipe or radio-frequency (RF) switch or ferrite or mechanical variable dielectric constant or automatically controlled variable dielectric constant or YIG ball etc.
5. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the LC element of described adjustable subfilter by conductor cavity or dielectric resonator or super conductive filter or YIG ball or high Q value waits to be realized.
6. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the form of described adjustable subfilter can be waveguide or coaxial line or planar microstrip line.
7. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described planar microstrip line can be microstrip type or suspend microstrip type or strip line or fin line.
8. the Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier in the wireless communication system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, also comprise at least one modulator, blender, digital to analog converter and multicarrier transmitter, wherein said modulator is used for input signal is modulated, blender is used for the modulation signal from described modulator is mixed, it is multi-carrier signal that described digital to analog converter is used for the mixed conversion of signals from blender, described multicarrier transmitter is converted to the multicarrier radiofrequency signal with described multi-carrier signal, and outputs to described amplifier.
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| CNB2005100341295A CN100471048C (en) | 2005-04-08 | 2005-04-08 | Multi carrier power amplifier in wireless communication system |
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| US8970323B2 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2015-03-03 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Circuit arrangement with an antenna switch and a bandstop filter and corresponding method |
| CN106982031B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2023-06-16 | 华南理工大学 | Filtering F-type power amplifier based on dielectric resonator |
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