CN100467163C - 地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法 - Google Patents

地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN100467163C
CN100467163C CNB2007100942154A CN200710094215A CN100467163C CN 100467163 C CN100467163 C CN 100467163C CN B2007100942154 A CNB2007100942154 A CN B2007100942154A CN 200710094215 A CN200710094215 A CN 200710094215A CN 100467163 C CN100467163 C CN 100467163C
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bit
drill bit
drill
geological prospecting
pattern
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CN101147955A (zh
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张明利
王兴民
于振忠
张全涛
曹智钦
张会平
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Shanghai Rongzhi Diamond Bit Co., Ltd.
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SHANGHAI ZHONGMAN DIAMOND BIT CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明为一种地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法，采用铸造成型工艺，用石墨为原料制作钻头母模，先用蜡料制成钻头模型，然后在钻头模型上包覆若干层耐火涂料，其后用石墨料制成型壳，再将钻头模型融化制成钻头空芯模，将钻头配料熔融、浇注成钻头铸件，钻头铸件又经过表面淬火、调质处理成为产品，其特征在于所述钻头配料组份和重量百分比为：40CrMnMo合金钢81%～85%，Cu10%～14%，Sn3.5%～5.5%。本发明方法制造的PDC钻头通过制造石墨模具后，一次性浇铸而成，提高了钻头本体的强度，大直径的PDC切削齿对中硬地层有优良的切削性能，可以有效地提高机械钻进速度。

Description

地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种钻头的制造技术，特别是公开一种地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法。
背景技术
现有技术钻井大多采用聚晶金刚石(简称PDC)钻头，并且钻头普遍采用合金铜、碳化钨等粉末烧结工艺，不仅制造工艺繁琐，加工难度大，成本昂贵，而且钻头的强度也不能够得到保证。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改变现有技术中PDC制造传统粉末烧结工艺，采用铸造工艺制造聚晶金刚石钻头。
本发明是这样实现的：一种地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法，采用铸造成型工艺，用石墨为原料制作钻头母模，先用蜡料制成钻头模型，然后在钻头模型上包覆若干层耐火涂料，其后用石墨料制成型壳，再将钻头模型融化制成钻头空芯模，将钻头配料熔融、浇注成钻头铸件，钻头铸件又经过表面淬火、调质处理成为产品，其特征在于所述钻头配料组份和重量百分比为：40CrMnMo合金钢81％～85％，Cu 10％～14％，Sn 3.5％～5.5％。所述的表面淬火使钻头硬度达200～250HBS、调质处理使钻头硬度达到50～55HRC。
本发明方法制造的PDC钻头通过制造石墨模具后，一次性浇铸而成，提高了钻头本体的强度，大直径的PDC切削齿对中硬地层有优良的切削性能，可以有效地提高机械钻进速度。本发明的有益效果如下：
1、切削齿性能优良，优选国内外高耐磨性、抗冲击性的小直径PDC齿，按照中硬地层的不同岩性，以合理的切削角、侧倾角在弧形截面的钻头体上布齿，在高转速、低钻压下锋利地切削岩层，获得较高的机械钻速；
2、40CrMnMo合金钢浇铸后得到的钻头体，表面硬度、抗拉强度、抗剪强度、冲击值较烧结的钻头体明显提高；
3、有快速的钻进效率。
具体实施方式
本发明方法改变了PDC钻头传统的制造工艺，采用通过制作石墨模具后一次性浇铸成型的方法制造PDC钻头。其具体步骤如下：
1、用石墨为原料制作钻头体母模。
2、用蜡料制成钻头模型，然后在钻头模型上包覆若干层耐火涂料，制成型壳，再将钻头模型熔化，排出型外，获得无分型面的铸型，即钻头空心模。
3、钻头配料组份及重量百分比为：浇注合金钢材料40CrMnMo81％～85％、Cu10％～14％、Sn3.5％～5.5％，冷却即得到PDC钻头钢体铸件。
4、将钻头铸件表面淬火，使硬度达到220～205HBS，然后经过调质处理使其硬度达到50～55HRC。
实施例1：
钻头配料组份及重量百分比为：40CrMnMo85％、Cu 11.5％、Sn 3.5％。
实施例2：
钻头配料组份及重量百分比为：40CrMnMo81％、Cu 13.5％、Sn 5.5％。
本发明方法制造的PDC钻头用高耐磨、抗冲击的聚晶金刚石复合片(PDC)做为切削齿，以优良的排屑性和自锐性，在钻进过程中以剪切方式刮削地层，以低钻压、高转速即可获得较高的机械钻速。该钻头适用于泥岩、砂岩、油页岩。
本发明方法制造的PDC钻头的结构特点如下：
1、用高耐磨、抗冲击的镜面抛光PDC片作为钻头的切削齿，减少了切削岩石摩擦力和振动冲击力，合理的切削角和侧倾角改善了切削性能；
2、以40CrMnMo合金钢材料作为浇铸材料形成的钻头体，耐钻井液和岩屑冲刷，延长钻头使用寿命；
3、圆弧面交错布齿，增强内外径布齿密度，提高钻头切削性能，保证井眼质量；
4、以优选的侧倾角，向心角分布的5个喷嘴通道作为钻井液喷流的通道，用于冷却钻头切削齿、冲刷运移岩屑。
3、钻井参数
Figure C200710094215D0004163747QIETU
在临盘城东田301井东600米使用的一只钢体PDC钻头(81/2M5564G)钻进效果如下：
 
井段 进尺 机械钻速 纯钻时
2825m～3162m 337m 5.2m/h 65.20h

Claims (4)

1.一种地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法，采用铸造成型工艺，用石墨为原料制作钻头母模，先用蜡料制成钻头模型，然后在钻头模型上包覆若干层耐火涂料，其后用石墨料制成型壳，再将钻头模型融化制成钻头空芯模，将钻头配料熔融、浇注成钻头铸件，钻头铸件又经过表面淬火、调质处理成为产品，其特征在于所述钻头配料组份和重量百分比为：
40CrMnMo合金钢     81％～85％，
Cu   10％～14％，
Sn   3.5％～5.5％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法，其特征在于：所述的表面淬火使钻头硬度达200～250HBS、调质处理使钻头硬度达到50～55HRC。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法，其特征在于所述的钻头配料组份和重量百分比为：
40CrMnMo合金钢  85％，
Cu    11.5％，
Sn    3.5％。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法，其特征在于：
40CrMnMo合金钢   81％，
Cu    13.5％，
Sn    5.5％。
CNB2007100942154A 2007-11-09 2007-11-09 地质勘探用聚晶金刚石钻头的制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100467163C (zh)

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100104874A1 (en) * 2008-10-29 2010-04-29 Smith International, Inc. High pressure sintering with carbon additives
CN113478189A (zh) * 2021-01-22 2021-10-08 长沙超金刚机械制造有限公司 一种扩孔钻头的加工工艺方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4423646A (en) * 1981-03-30 1984-01-03 N.C. Securities Holding, Inc. Process for producing a rotary drilling bit

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4423646A (en) * 1981-03-30 1984-01-03 N.C. Securities Holding, Inc. Process for producing a rotary drilling bit

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
聚晶金刚石复合片（PDC）钻头的开发. 尹德战，楼莉莉.四川水力发电，第26卷第2期. 2007
聚晶金刚石复合片（PDC）钻头的开发. 尹德战，楼莉莉.四川水力发电，第26卷第2期. 2007 *

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