CN100466832C - Group broadcasting member management method for radio local network IP group broadcasting frame transmission - Google Patents

Group broadcasting member management method for radio local network IP group broadcasting frame transmission Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN100466832C
CN100466832C CNB200610159660XA CN200610159660A CN100466832C CN 100466832 C CN100466832 C CN 100466832C CN B200610159660X A CNB200610159660X A CN B200610159660XA CN 200610159660 A CN200610159660 A CN 200610159660A CN 100466832 C CN100466832 C CN 100466832C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
multicast
message
wireless
client
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CNB200610159660XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1933413A (en
Inventor
高敏
王占利
刘鹏午
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZTE Corp
Original Assignee
ZTE Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZTE Corp filed Critical ZTE Corp
Priority to CNB200610159660XA priority Critical patent/CN100466832C/en
Publication of CN1933413A publication Critical patent/CN1933413A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN100466832C publication Critical patent/CN100466832C/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/102—Gateways
    • H04L65/1043—Gateway controllers, e.g. media gateway control protocol [MGCP] controllers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/022—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S1/026—Means for monitoring or calibrating of associated receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/021—Calibration, monitoring or correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1626—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers with a single-body enclosure integrating a flat display, e.g. Personal Digital Assistants [PDAs]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613—Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633—Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1637—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
    • G06F1/1639—Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing the display being based on projection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/305—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals by remotely controlling device operation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
    • G06F21/6209—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a single file or object, e.g. in a secure envelope, encrypted and accessed using a key, or with access control rules appended to the object itself
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/71—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information
    • G06F21/74—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer to assure secure computing or processing of information operating in dual or compartmented mode, i.e. at least one secure mode
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/70—Protecting specific internal or peripheral components, in which the protection of a component leads to protection of the entire computer
    • G06F21/88—Detecting or preventing theft or loss
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0481—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] based on specific properties of the displayed interaction object or a metaphor-based environment, e.g. interaction with desktop elements like windows or icons, or assisted by a cursor's changing behaviour or appearance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10009—Improvement or modification of read or write signals
    • G11B20/10305—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment
    • G11B20/10398—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors
    • G11B20/10425—Improvement or modification of read or write signals signal quality assessment jitter, timing deviations or phase and frequency errors by counting out-of-lock events of a PLL
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/08—Details of the phase-locked loop
    • H03L7/085—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal
    • H03L7/091—Details of the phase-locked loop concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal the phase or frequency detector using a sampling device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
    • H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks
    • H04B10/25753—Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
    • H04B10/25754—Star network topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2628—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile using code-division multiple access [CDMA] or spread spectrum multiple access [SSMA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/24—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts
    • H04B7/26—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field for communication between two or more posts at least one of which is mobile
    • H04B7/2662—Arrangements for Wireless System Synchronisation
    • H04B7/2671—Arrangements for Wireless Time-Division Multiple Access [TDMA] System Synchronisation
    • H04B7/2678—Time synchronisation
    • H04B7/2687—Inter base stations synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/0077—Multicode, e.g. multiple codes assigned to one user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
    • H04J13/16—Code allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0064—Concatenated codes
    • H04L1/0066—Parallel concatenated codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067—Rate matching
    • H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
    • H04L1/1685—Details of the supervisory signal the supervisory signal being transmitted in response to a specific request, e.g. to a polling signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1829—Arrangements specially adapted for the receiver end
    • H04L1/1835—Buffer management
    • H04L1/1841—Resequencing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4641—Virtual LANs, VLANs, e.g. virtual private networks [VPN]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
    • H04L25/03019—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception
    • H04L25/03038—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception with a non-recursive structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4902—Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4904—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using self-synchronising codes, e.g. split-phase codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/497—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding transmitters and receivers for partial response systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
    • H04L27/14—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
    • H04L27/156—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits with demodulation using temporal properties of the received signal, e.g. detecting pulse width
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/50—Network service management, e.g. ensuring proper service fulfilment according to agreements
    • H04L41/5003—Managing SLA; Interaction between SLA and QoS
    • H04L41/5009—Determining service level performance parameters or violations of service level contracts, e.g. violations of agreed response time or mean time between failures [MTBF]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/15—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to multipoint traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/72—Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/74—Admission control; Resource allocation measures in reaction to resource unavailability
    • H04L47/745—Reaction in network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/76—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions
    • H04L47/765—Admission control; Resource allocation using dynamic resource allocation, e.g. in-call renegotiation requested by the user or requested by the network in response to changing network conditions triggered by the end-points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/822—Collecting or measuring resource availability data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/824—Applicable to portable or mobile terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/48—Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/58—Message adaptation for wireless communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09—Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25—Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503—Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/255—Maintenance or indexing of mapping tables
    • H04L61/2553—Binding renewal aspects, e.g. using keep-alive messages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/12—Applying verification of the received information
    • H04L63/126—Applying verification of the received information the source of the received data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1101—Session protocols
    • H04L65/1104—Session initiation protocol [SIP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
    • H04L65/4061—Push-to services, e.g. push-to-talk or push-to-video
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
    • H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
    • H04L9/085—Secret sharing or secret splitting, e.g. threshold schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/30—Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy
    • H04L9/304—Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy based on error correction codes, e.g. McEliece
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H04M1/72403—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality
    • H04M1/72409—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories
    • H04M1/72415—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones with means for local support of applications that increase the functionality by interfacing with external accessories for remote control of appliances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/0024—Services and arrangements where telephone services are combined with data services
    • H04M7/0057—Services where the data services network provides a telephone service in addition or as an alternative, e.g. for backup purposes, to the telephone service provided by the telephone services network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M7/00—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres
    • H04M7/12—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal
    • H04M7/1205—Arrangements for interconnection between switching centres for working between exchanges having different types of switching equipment, e.g. power-driven and step by step or decimal and non-decimal where the types of switching equipement comprises PSTN/ISDN equipment and switching equipment of networks other than PSTN/ISDN, e.g. Internet Protocol networks
    • H04M7/1295—Details of dual tone multiple frequency signalling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/00912—Arrangements for controlling a still picture apparatus or components thereof not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00957—Compiling jobs, e.g. for batch processing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N1/32101—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N1/32106—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title separate from the image data, e.g. in a different computer file
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/40—Picture signal circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/109—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of temporal predictive coding modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • H04N19/137—Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
    • H04N19/139—Analysis of motion vectors, e.g. their magnitude, direction, variance or reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/513—Processing of motion vectors
    • H04N19/517—Processing of motion vectors by encoding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/527—Global motion vector estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/60—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding
    • H04N19/625—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using transform coding using discrete cosine transform [DCT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
    • H04N19/91—Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/254—Management at additional data server, e.g. shopping server, rights management server
    • H04N21/2543—Billing, e.g. for subscription services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/418—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access
    • H04N21/4181—External card to be used in combination with the client device, e.g. for conditional access for conditional access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/433—Content storage operation, e.g. storage operation in response to a pause request, caching operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/45—Management operations performed by the client for facilitating the reception of or the interaction with the content or administrating data related to the end-user or to the client device itself, e.g. learning user preferences for recommending movies, resolving scheduling conflicts
    • H04N21/462—Content or additional data management, e.g. creating a master electronic program guide from data received from the Internet and a Head-end, controlling the complexity of a video stream by scaling the resolution or bit-rate based on the client capabilities
    • H04N21/4623—Processing of entitlement messages, e.g. ECM [Entitlement Control Message] or EMM [Entitlement Management Message]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/47—End-user applications
    • H04N21/472—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content
    • H04N21/47211—End-user interface for requesting content, additional data or services; End-user interface for interacting with content, e.g. for content reservation or setting reminders, for requesting event notification, for manipulating displayed content for requesting pay-per-view content
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6175—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6156—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6187—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the upstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a telephone network, e.g. POTS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658—Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6582—Data stored in the client, e.g. viewing habits, hardware capabilities, credit card number
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/4448—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for frame-grabbing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/46—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for receiving on more than one standard at will
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/64—Constructional details of receivers, e.g. cabinets or dust covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0112—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level one of the standards corresponding to a cinematograph film standard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/162—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing
    • H04N7/163—Authorising the user terminal, e.g. by paying; Registering the use of a subscription channel, e.g. billing by receiver means only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
    • H04N7/173—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems with two-way working, e.g. subscriber sending a programme selection signal
    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H04N7/17327—Transmission or handling of upstream communications with deferred transmission or handling of upstream communications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3129—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals
    • H04N9/642—Multi-standard receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/7921—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording for more than one processing mode
    • H04N9/7925—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording for more than one processing mode for more than one standard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0016—Arrangements providing connection between exchanges
    • H04Q3/0025—Provisions for signalling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W12/00—Security arrangements; Authentication; Protecting privacy or anonymity
    • H04W12/10—Integrity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/02—Buffering or recovering information during reselection ; Modification of the traffic flow during hand-off
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0225—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of external events, e.g. the presence of a signal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/30—Connection release
    • H04W76/34—Selective release of ongoing connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • H04W8/265—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support for initial activation of new user
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/08—Trunked mobile radio systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2105—Dual mode as a secondary aspect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2221/00—Indexing scheme relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/21—Indexing scheme relating to G06F21/00 and subgroups addressing additional information or applications relating to security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F2221/2115—Third party
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/22—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor for reducing distortions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
    • H04J3/0658—Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829—Packet loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/04—Real-time or near real-time messaging, e.g. instant messaging [IM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/72—Mobile telephones; Cordless telephones, i.e. devices for establishing wireless links to base stations without route selection
    • H04M1/724—User interfaces specially adapted for cordless or mobile telephones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M3/00—Automatic or semi-automatic exchanges
    • H04M3/42—Systems providing special services or facilities to subscribers
    • H04M3/42221—Conversation recording systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/0077—Types of the still picture apparatus
    • H04N2201/0094—Multifunctional device, i.e. a device capable of all of reading, reproducing, copying, facsimile transception, file transception
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3212—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image
    • H04N2201/3222—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title of data relating to a job, e.g. communication, capture or filing of an image of processing required or performed, e.g. forwarding, urgent or confidential handling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/32—Circuits or arrangements for control or supervision between transmitter and receiver or between image input and image output device, e.g. between a still-image camera and its memory or between a still-image camera and a printer device
    • H04N2201/3201—Display, printing, storage or transmission of additional information, e.g. ID code, date and time or title
    • H04N2201/3274—Storage or retrieval of prestored additional information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/38—Transmitter circuitry for the transmission of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/445—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for displaying additional information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/445—Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for displaying additional information
    • H04N5/45—Picture in picture, e.g. displaying simultaneously another television channel in a region of the screen
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/66—Transforming electric information into light information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/765—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
    • H04N5/775—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/84—Television signal recording using optical recording
    • H04N5/85—Television signal recording using optical recording on discs or drums
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/907—Television signal recording using static stores, e.g. storage tubes or semiconductor memories
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
    • H04N7/0117—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal
    • H04N7/0122—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level involving conversion of the spatial resolution of the incoming video signal the input and the output signals having different aspect ratios
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
    • H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
    • H04N9/804—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
    • H04N9/8042—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H04W4/10—Push-to-Talk [PTT] or Push-On-Call services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0261—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level
    • H04W52/0274—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managing power supply demand, e.g. depending on battery level by switching on or off the equipment or parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/18—Management of setup rejection or failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/30—Connection release
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/40—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast
    • H04W76/45—Connection management for selective distribution or broadcast for Push-to-Talk [PTT] or Push-to-Talk over cellular [PoC] services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/22—Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities
    • H04W8/24—Transfer of terminal data
    • H04W8/245—Transfer of terminal data from a network towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/26—Network addressing or numbering for mobility support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02—Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901—Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903—Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/906—Fiber data distribution interface, FDDI
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901—Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903—Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/907—Synchronous optical network, SONET

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Software Systems (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Discrete Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioethics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

A method for managing multicast member of IP multicast frame transmission on radio local network includes sending request message for joining multicast set to radio access unit (RAU) by radio client end, judging whether request message for joining multicast set is existed or not by RAU and adding said client end in multicast set member list of multicast set if it is or otherwise setting up a new multicast set and adding said client end in its multicast set member list; sending request message for leaving multicast set to RAU by radio client end, removing off said client end from multicast set member list of multicast set when said leaving request message is received by RAU.

Description

A kind of management method for multicast members of wireless LAN IP multicast frame transmission
Technical field
The implementation method of IP multicasting technology service application when the present invention relates to wireless local area network building in the field of wireless communication relates in particular to the management method of IEEE 802.11 wireless lan (wlan) multicast members.
Background technology
Because advantages such as the WLAN (wireless local area network) wiring are simple and easy, WLAN (wireless local area network) is widely used in home network gradually.And along with the continuous development of broadband and video compression technology, transmit by wireless local area network technology, can become an important directions of Future Development gradually based on the Web TV of net cast and program request.
Traditional IEEE 802.11 WLAN (wireless local area network) are the data Application Design, and are more weak to the support of multicast application.When WLAN (wireless local area network) was carried out transfer of data, the client that receives data guaranteed reliability of data transmission by 802.11 acknowledgement frames (ACK).If access point apparatus does not receive the ACK frame of client, then can retransmit this frame.Access point apparatus also by 802.11 acknowledgement frames and other management or Frame from client, detects recipient's signal quality, and according to the data transmission rate of signal quality adjustment to client, further guarantees the reliable transmission of data.
But 802.11 agreements regulation, the client of receiving group are not confirmed the correct reception of multicast frame by sending 802.11 acknowledgement frames (ACK), thereby the reliability of muticast data transmission can not get guaranteeing.Because multicast message is all clients that are sent in the multicast group, access point apparatus can both receive multicast frame in order to guarantee all clients, usually send multicast frame with the most conservative speed, as under the 802.11b pattern, being generally 1Mbps, under the 802.11a/g pattern, be generally 2Mbps, but the transmission rate of the actual above-mentioned multicast frame of bandwidth ratio is also low, this is for needing 2Mbps even the more multimedia application such as the IPTV business of high bandwidth at least, bandwidth is obviously not enough, and traffic affecting is normally carried out.If fixed configurations than higher multicast packet transmission rate, can cause some lower wireless client of signal quality correctly not receive, particularly change when the change wireless client that causes and the signal quality between WAP (wireless access point) of environment such as the distance between wireless client and the WAP (wireless access point), barrier, if the multicast transmission rate between WAP (wireless access point) and wireless client can not be adjusted in real time, higher multicast then can occur and send the error rate, cause correctly receiving group message of wireless client.Therefore the transmission rate that needs to increase multicast is to improve bandwidth, and the multicast transmission rate must be supported and can adjust in real time.
In addition, after a multicast message arrival of multicast source transmission WAP (wireless access point), wireless access this multicast message of naming a person for a particular job sends to related wireless client, but other wireless clients that do not belong to this multicast group and be associated with this WAP (wireless access point) also can be received this multicast message.This is unallowed to some wireless application, such as IPTV live broadcast service based on the IP multicast, the wireless client that its requires only to add certain multicast group can receive the multicast message of this multicast group, other wireless clients that do not add this multicast group do not allow to receive the multicast message of this multicast group, and present IEEE802.11 WLAN (wireless local area network) can't meet this requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of management method for multicast members of wireless LAN IP multicast frame transmission, can solve the problem of above-mentioned IP multicast message in WLAN (wireless local area network) is used, realization is effectively managed the multiast radio client, improves IP multicast transmission rate and IP multicast transmission reliability simultaneously.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of management method for multicast members of wireless LAN IP multicast frame transmission, each multicast group has multicast member tabulation, when wireless client requests adds certain IP multicast group, may further comprise the steps:
(a) wireless client sends the multicast message that joins request to radio reception device, and request adds certain multicast group;
(b) after radio reception device is received request message, judge whether the multicast group that described wireless client requests adds exists, if exist, then in the multicast member tabulation of this multicast group, add this requesting client, otherwise, newly-built multicast group, and in the multicast member tabulation of this multicast group, add this requesting client.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: in described step (b), whether radio reception device exists according to the multicast multicast group that the destination address of message judges that described wireless client requests adds that joins request.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: in described step (b), after judging the multicast group existence of described wireless client requests adding, whether judgement has described requesting client in the multicast member tabulation of this multicast group, if have, then upgrade the ageing timer of the MAC Address of this requesting client,, then in the multicast member tabulation of this multicast group, add this requesting client if do not have.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: the described client that joins request in the multicast member tabulation is meant, the MAC Address of record described request client in the multicast member tabulation.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: after described step (b), after described multicast member list update was finished, radio reception device was transmitted to multicast source with this multicast message that joins request.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of management method for multicast members of wireless LAN IP multicast frame transmission, and each multicast group has multicast member tabulation, when wireless client requests is left certain IP multicast group, may further comprise the steps:
(a) wireless client sends multicast to radio reception device and leaves request message, and certain multicast group is left in request;
(b) after radio reception device is received request message, this requesting client of deletion in the multicast member tabulation of this multicast group.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: after described step (b), also comprise step (c), radio reception device judges whether this multicast member tabulation is empty, if then delete this multicast group, and this multicast is left request message be transmitted to multicast source, otherwise, with this packet loss.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: if radio reception device detects the abnormal off-line of wireless client, then search the affiliated multicast group of this wireless client, in the multicast member tabulation of this multicast group, delete described wireless client.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: after deleting described wireless client, judge if the tabulation of the multicast member of this multicast group for empty, is then deleted this multicast group.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: after deletion action was finished, the multicast that the wireless access point device simulation produces wireless client left request message, sends it to multicast source.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: described deletion wireless client is meant, the MAC Address of the described wireless client of deletion in the multicast member tabulation.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention also provides a kind of management method for multicast members of wireless LAN IP multicast frame transmission, for each multicast group is established multicast member tabulation, after radio reception device is received the multicast inquiry message that multicast source sends, judge the type of this message, if the general polling message then sends to each wireless client related with this message by best broadcasting packet transmission rate with this message; If decide the group polling message, then this multicast message is treated to unicast message, send to member's wireless client under this multicast group with best unicast message transmission rate;
Described best broadcasting packet transmission rate is the minimum value of the selection of described radio reception device in the best unicast message transmission rate of all wireless clients; Described best unicast message transmission rate is that described radio reception device is determined according to 802.11 messages of the wireless client that receives.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: after radio reception device restarts, the radio reception device simulation produces the multicast inquiry message that multicast source issues, and arouses wireless client and asks to add multicast group again, and described multicast inquiry message is the general polling message.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: this multicast message is treated to unicast message is meant, the multicast destination address of this multicast message is replaced with the MAC Address of wireless client in the multicast group; If a plurality of wireless clients are arranged, then every replacement primary address sends once, all sends up to all member's wireless clients in multicast group to finish.
In order to solve in existing WLAN (wireless local area network), WAP (wireless access point) can not limit the IP multicast message and only send to the wireless client that adds this multicast group, the client of receiving group does not confirm that to access point multicast frame receives by sending 802.11 acknowledgement frame ACK, and access point sends multicast frame with fixing and minimum data rate usually, cause the access point can't the detected transmission mistake, can't transmit the packet of losing again, can not adjust the multicast transmission rate and cause the error rate to increase according to the variation of client distance and environment, and multicast transmission does not reach the problem of bandwidth requirement, the invention provides a kind of method that multiast radio client member is effectively managed, realized in wireless lan network, transmitted the IP multicast message at a high speed reliably.IGMP (Internet igmpinternet) message that the present invention sends to WAP (wireless access point) by intercepting wireless client, the tabulation of Dynamic Maintenance multicast member.When multicast source sends the IP multicast message to access point, the multicast member management module is carried out the unicast message processing that the multicast destination address is converted to the wireless client MAC Address by inquiry multicast member tabulation back to multicast message, make the bandwidth of multicast message and bandwidth and the transmission reliability that reliability can reach unicast message, thus the reliability that improves the transmission rate of IP multicast message and improve the transmission of IP multicast message.
Adopt the method for the invention, guaranteed in the WLAN (wireless local area network) product that adopts IEEE 802.11a/b/g standard and wireless standard IEEE 802.11n of future generation, reach the purpose of high speed reliable transmission multicast message, overcome the defective of the low poor reliability of IEEE 802.11 transport multicast message bandwidth, greatly expanded the application of WLAN (wireless local area network) product, particularly, promoted development by the wireless local network transmission group broadcasting service application based on the application of the net cast business of multicasting technology at the WLAN (wireless local area network) product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the multicast transmission equipment drawing;
Fig. 2 is the multicast transmission system application drawing;
Fig. 3 is the system module figure of multicast transmission scheme;
Fig. 4 is a multicast transmission The Application of Technology exemplary plot;
Fig. 5 is that present embodiment multicast member management resume module wireless client adds the multicast group flow chart;
Fig. 6 leaves the multicast group flow chart for present embodiment multicast member management resume module wireless client.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the wireless access point device of transport multicast is made up of radio interface module, multicast member management module, upstream Interface module, 802.1d bridge module, IP routing module, protocol application module and Configuration Manager.The message that the radio interface module of equipment receives is forwarded to the upstream Interface module through 802.1d bridge module or IP routing module, and the message that the upstream Interface module receives is forwarded to radio interface module through 802.1d bridge module or IP routing module.Then send by the multicast member management resume module when radio interface module or upstream Interface module receive IGMP (Internet igmpinternet) message or IP multicast message: the multicast member management resume module is safeguarded the multicast member tabulation from the IGMP message that radio interface module receives; The IP multicast message that the upstream Interface module receives further is forwarded to the multicast member management resume module through 802.1d bridge module or IP routing module, by the multicast member management module IP multicast message is forwarded to radio interface module.Wherein:
Radio interface module, comprise wireless driver module and hardware interface, wherein wireless driver module is used to receive and send management of 802.11 between WAP (wireless access point) and wireless client and Frame, and, adjust in real time and definite WAP (wireless access point) sends to " the best unicast message transmission rate " of wireless client according to detecting the signal quality that is connected of WAP (wireless access point) and wireless client in real time with mutual 802.11 frames of wireless client;
The multicast member management module is used to safeguard multicast member tabulation and the mac address information that writes down the multicast member wireless client, also is responsible for the IP multicast message between reception and forwarding multicasting source and multicast member wireless client;
802.1d bridge module and IP routing module are used to E-Packet;
The upstream Interface module, comprise driving and the upstream hardware interface, be used to connect external network, as the interface of Internet, can receive Internet in succession by connecting equipment rooms such as DSLAM, switch, BRAS, described upstream Interface can be interfaces such as Ethernet interface, xDSL interface, xPON;
The protocol application module and the Configuration Manager of equipment are used to finish variety of protocol and upper layer application, and the configuration management of Local or Remote.
Multicast transmission system is used as shown in Figure 2, comprises wireless client, WAP (wireless access point), compartment system (DS) and multicast source in the application system of multicast transmission at least.Wireless client need ask to add or when leaving certain multicast group of multicast source, IGMP (IGMP) message that wireless client sends sends to multicast source through WAP (wireless access point), and the wireless access wireless client of naming a person for a particular job adds or eliminates certain multicast group.When multicast source sent certain IP multicast message to the member of multicast group, the IP multicast message that multicast source sends sent to member's wireless client of multicast group through WAP (wireless access point), finishes the transmission of IP multicast.
Wherein: multicast source is used to send multicast message; Compartment system is used to connect WAP (wireless access point) and multicast source; One or more WAP (wireless access point) are used for determining and select transmission rate that multicast message is sent to wireless client, are used for the IP multicast message is treated to unicast message also, and handle adding that wireless client sends or the solicited message of leaving multicast group; One or more wireless clients are to use the user of multicast service, can send the request that adds or leave multicast group to WAP (wireless access point).
As shown in Figure 3, in the WAP (wireless access point) that realizes the described high speed reliable transmission of this programme IP multicast message, comprise wireless driver module, multicast member management module.In wireless driver module, all preserve a best unicast message transmission rate at each wireless client, when each wireless client newly is linked into WAP (wireless access point), wireless driver module is determined this wireless client " best unicast message transmission rate ", perhaps when " the best unicast message transmission rate " of wireless client when changing in real time, wireless driver module is selected minimum " best unicast message transmission rate " value in all clients, send " the best broadcasting packet transmission rate " of other broadcast group broadcast messages as WAP (wireless access point) to each wireless client, described " best broadcasting packet transmission rate " also can be described as " best multicast message transmission rate ", is the shared speed of all clients.
The multicast member tabulation, member's wireless client client information of record multicast group and multicast group, each multicast group has a multicast member tabulation, by multicast member management module Dynamic Maintenance, can be stored in the multicast member management module, wherein wireless client information comprises the mac address information of wireless client.
In concrete the application as shown in Figure 4.In the WLAN (wireless local area network) product of setting up with IEEE 802.11a/b/g standard and wireless standard IEEE 802.11n of future generation, wireless access point device inserts a plurality of wireless client STA.Wireless client sends the IGMPReport request that joins message of IGMP multicast to WAP (wireless access point) and adds certain IP multicast group, and perhaps wireless client sends IGMP multicast leave message IGMP Leave request to WAP (wireless access point) and leaves certain IP multicast group.The multicast member management module of WAP (wireless access point) adds or leave message from the IGMP multicast that wireless driver module receives wireless client, the information such as MAC (medium access control) address of tabulation of Dynamic Maintenance multicast member and wireless client.
In existing IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless lan network and wireless standard IEEE802.11n wireless lan network of future generation, the transmission method of IP multicast message comprises: the IP multicast message that sends from multicast source arrives WAP (wireless access point); Multicast member management module in the WAP (wireless access point) is handled it, the tabulation of multicast member management module searches multicast member, if the multicast group of IP multicast message correspondence has the multicast member wireless client to exist in the multicast member tabulation, then the IP multicast message is processed into unicast message, the above-mentioned radio reception device of each member's wireless client that sends under the multicast group with best unicast message transmission rate is meant the processing that the IP multicast message carries out multicast message commentaries on classics unicast message, the multicast destination address of IP multicast message is replaced with successively the MAC Address of each wireless client in the multicast group, every replacement primary address sends once, all sends up to all member's wireless clients in multicast group to finish.Radio reception device can be determined best unicast message transmission rate according to 802.11 messages of the wireless client that receives.
The transmission rate of message and reliability meet the Performance And Reliability requirement of unicast message like this, have guaranteed based on the reliable application at the WLAN (wireless local area network) product of the net cast business of IP multicasting technology.
To the concrete implementing procedure of multicast member management as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, for the ease of multicast member is carried out dynamic management, added the data structure sta_list that multicast member is managed in the multicast member tabulation, mainly comprised: mac, the MAC Address of wireless client; Mac_ageing_timer, wireless client MAC address aging timer.Wireless driver module detects the signal quality of client according to 802.11 management and the Frames that receive from client, adjusts the transmission rate of client, and is responsible for that the IGMP message is transmitted to the multicast member management module and is used to set up dynamic multicast member table.
The flow process that WAP (wireless access point) processing wireless client adds may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 5:
Step 110, wireless client STA sends multicast to WAP (wireless access point) and joins message (IGMPReport), and request joins certain IP multicast group, and the wireless driver module in the WAP (wireless access point) is forwarded to the multicast member management resume module with this message;
Whether the destination address that step 120, multicast member management module are judged IGMP Report message i.e. this multicast group exists, if, execution in step 130, otherwise, execution in step 160;
Step 130 is judged the mac address information whether requesting client (promptly sending the wireless client of IGM PReport message) is arranged in the multicast member tabulation, if having, and execution in step 140, otherwise execution in step 150;
Step 140, the ageing timer of the MAC Address of update request client;
The effect of ageing timer is: if a wireless client abnormal off-line, then WAP (wireless access point) just again can't receive the IGMP Report message (and IGMP Leave message) that this client sends, time-out time to be arrived, think that then this client rolls off the production line, its MAC Address of deletion from the multicast member tabulation.
Step 150 adds this requesting client in this multicast member tabulation, write down its MAC Address;
Step 160, newly-built multicast group, and the client that joins request in tabulating of the member in this multicast group write down the MAC Address of this client;
Step 170, after the multicast member list update was finished, the multicast member management module was transmitted to multicast source with this IGMPReport message.
Multicast adds and multicast inquiry all is an indispensable mechanism in the multicasting technology.Multicast adds by wireless client initiates, and is used to add multicast; And multicast inquiry is initiated by multicast source, be used to inquire about under certain multicast group of this multicast source which client is arranged, multicast source sends multicast inquiry IGMP Qurey message at set intervals, after client is received this query message, can return an IGMP Report message.
The flow process that WAP (wireless access point) is handled the multicast source inquiry comprises:
After the multicast inquiry message (IGMP Query) that sends from multicast source arrives WAP (wireless access point), multicast member management module in the WAP (wireless access point) is judged the type of this IGMP Query message, if IGMP general polling message, then this message is sent to wireless client in each association by best broadcasting packet transmission rate; If IGMP decides the group polling message, then travel through each wireless client member in this message target multicast group, multicast destination address with multicast message is converted to each member's wireless client MAC Address simultaneously, thereby this multicast message is become unicast message, send to each wireless client under this multicast group according to the best unicast message transmission rate of each wireless client.
Radio reception device is selected " best unicast message transmission rate " minimum in all wireless clients, as " the best broadcasting packet transmission rate " of WAP (wireless access point) transmission.
The flow process that WAP (wireless access point) processing wireless client leaves may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 6:
Step 210, wireless client STA sends multicast leave message (IGMP Leave) to WAP (wireless access point), and certain IP multicast group is left in request, in WAP (wireless access point), by wireless driver module this message is transmitted to the multicast member management module;
Step 220, the multicast member management module finds wireless client corresponding in the multicast member table according to the source MAC of message;
Step 230, multicast member management module are deleted this wireless client mac address information;
Step 240, multicast member management module judge whether this multicast member tabulation is empty, if, execution in step 250, otherwise, do not transmit this message, with this packet loss to multicast source;
Step 250 is deleted this multicast group, and this IGMP Leave message is transmitted to corresponding multicast source.
Multicast member management module in WAP (wireless access point) detects the abnormal off-line of wireless client, then travels through under all multicast group the multicast member tabulation, with MAC Address deletion from the multicast member tabulation of the wireless client of abnormal off-line.If the wireless client decreased number under the multicast group is 0 (be member tabulate be sky), then delete this multicast group, because client is an abnormal off-line, can't send IGMP Leave message, therefore the multicast leave message IGMPLeave that produces wireless client by the multicast member management module simulation sends to multicast source, informs that this client of multicast source leaves.
After WAP (wireless access point) restarted, the multicast member management module simulation produced multicast inquiry (IGMP Query) message that multicast source issues, and arouses wireless client and asks to add multicast group again.
Above-mentioned in WLAN (wireless local area network) with IEEE 802.11a/b/g standard and wireless standard IEEE 802.11n of future generation, device of wireless local area network access point is by analyzing the IGMP message, the tabulation of Dynamic Maintenance multicast member, thereby multicast message is carried out the processing that multicast changes unicast message, the reliability that has improved IP multicast message transmission rate and improved the IP multicast transmission by the multicast member tabulation.
This method has overcome the defective of the low poor reliability of IEEE 802.11 transmission IP multicast message bandwidth, greatly expanded the application of WLAN (wireless local area network) product, particularly based on the application of the net cast business of IP multicasting technology, for the WLAN (wireless local area network) product provides strong assurance popularizing with development of home network at the WLAN (wireless local area network) product.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of management method for multicast members of wireless LAN IP multicast frame transmission, for each multicast group is established multicast member tabulation, after radio reception device is received the multicast inquiry message that multicast source sends, judge the type of this message, if the general polling message then sends to each wireless client related with this message by best broadcasting packet transmission rate with this message; If decide the group polling message, then this multicast message is treated to unicast message, send to member's wireless client under this multicast group with best unicast message transmission rate;
Described best broadcasting packet transmission rate is the minimum value that described radio reception device is selected in the best unicast message transmission rate of all wireless clients; Described best unicast message transmission rate is that described radio reception device is determined according to 802.11 messages of the wireless client that receives.
2, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, this multicast message is treated to unicast message is meant, the multicast destination address of this multicast message is replaced with the MAC Address of wireless client in the multicast group; If a plurality of wireless clients are arranged, then every replacement primary address sends once, all sends up to all member's wireless clients in multicast group to finish.
CNB200610159660XA 2006-09-30 2006-09-30 Group broadcasting member management method for radio local network IP group broadcasting frame transmission Active CN100466832C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB200610159660XA CN100466832C (en) 2006-09-30 2006-09-30 Group broadcasting member management method for radio local network IP group broadcasting frame transmission

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CNB200610159660XA CN100466832C (en) 2006-09-30 2006-09-30 Group broadcasting member management method for radio local network IP group broadcasting frame transmission

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1933413A CN1933413A (en) 2007-03-21
CN100466832C true CN100466832C (en) 2009-03-04

Family

ID=37879047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CNB200610159660XA Active CN100466832C (en) 2006-09-30 2006-09-30 Group broadcasting member management method for radio local network IP group broadcasting frame transmission

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN100466832C (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101267396B (en) * 2008-03-19 2011-01-05 北京星网锐捷网络技术有限公司 A realization device and method for downstream interface list of multicast route
CN101631129B (en) * 2009-08-18 2013-06-05 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Method and device for transmitting multicast data
CN102970152A (en) * 2012-11-23 2013-03-13 上海斐讯数据通信技术有限公司 Method for statically realizing Internet group management protocol (IGMP) Snooping
CN103338153B (en) * 2013-06-08 2017-04-05 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 A kind of multicast message transmission method and PE equipment
CN104540240A (en) * 2014-12-31 2015-04-22 上海交通大学 Access method for vehicle-mounted client supported by wireless network
CN111131911B (en) * 2019-12-26 2022-11-08 视联动力信息技术股份有限公司 Multicast method and device
CN111225241B (en) * 2019-12-30 2023-07-28 视联动力信息技术股份有限公司 Communication method and device
CN113132913A (en) * 2019-12-30 2021-07-16 北京九天微星科技发展有限公司 Method for realizing multicast based on LoRaWan
CN112187756A (en) * 2020-09-21 2021-01-05 普联国际有限公司 Multicast data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1419363A (en) * 2002-11-26 2003-05-21 华为技术有限公司 Protocol 802.1X based multicast control method
CN1601997A (en) * 2004-10-22 2005-03-30 迈普（四川）通信技术有限公司 Ethernet group broadcasting method
CN1728677A (en) * 2004-07-28 2006-02-01 国家数字交换系统工程技术研究中心 Method and system for carrying video stream media through network in multiple velocities
CN1741492A (en) * 2005-08-31 2006-03-01 杭州华为三康技术有限公司 Equiment and method for controlling group transmitting data retransmission
CN1744572A (en) * 2005-08-31 2006-03-08 杭州华为三康技术有限公司 Switchnig equipment and method for controlling multicasting data forwarding

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1419363A (en) * 2002-11-26 2003-05-21 华为技术有限公司 Protocol 802.1X based multicast control method
CN1728677A (en) * 2004-07-28 2006-02-01 国家数字交换系统工程技术研究中心 Method and system for carrying video stream media through network in multiple velocities
CN1601997A (en) * 2004-10-22 2005-03-30 迈普（四川）通信技术有限公司 Ethernet group broadcasting method
CN1741492A (en) * 2005-08-31 2006-03-01 杭州华为三康技术有限公司 Equiment and method for controlling group transmitting data retransmission
CN1744572A (en) * 2005-08-31 2006-03-08 杭州华为三康技术有限公司 Switchnig equipment and method for controlling multicasting data forwarding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1933413A (en) 2007-03-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN100466832C (en) Group broadcasting member management method for radio local network IP group broadcasting frame transmission
CN1929638A (en) Management method for multicast members of wireless LAN IP multicast frame transmission
CN101577722B (en) Method for realizing MAC forced forwarding function and device
US8539088B2 (en) Session monitoring method, apparatus, and system based on multicast technologies
JP2002538690A (en) Apparatus and method for effectively transferring multicast data in a personal access communication system (PAC)
CN1881913A (en) User interface multicast managing method in network access equipment and its apparatus
CN100531152C (en) Equipment, system and realizing method for wireless local network transmission group broadcasting frame
US11032122B2 (en) Multicast delay diagnosis method and apparatus
CN100518038C (en) Method for realizing wireless local network IP group broadcasting frame thansmitting rate dynamic automatic regulation
US8774130B2 (en) Access point, L2 switch and method of supporting multicast handover using the access point and L2 switch
US20090316573A1 (en) System and method for transmitting messages using a redundancy mechanism
JP2009520409A (en) High-speed processing of multicast data
US20120023527A1 (en) Method, system and home stream media server for implementing video on demand service
CN101707568A (en) Method and system for controller user multicast service and multicast main control device
WO2024098815A1 (en) Data transmission processing method and device, storage medium, and electronic device
CN109862437A (en) A kind of forwarding-table item creation method and BRAS
CN109842567B (en) Data distribution method and distribution server
US8526432B2 (en) Packet processing system for a network packet forwarding device and method thereof
CN102907044B (en) Business scheduling method and device under many wideband network gateways
CN101827036B (en) Method and device for realizing multicast service configuration of home gateway
TWI707564B (en) Wireless communication device and wireless communication method
CN101409704B (en) Method and apparatus for processing multicast member management protocol
CN101399681A (en) Management method, device and system for multicast programme
CN100417074C (en) Wireless LAN IP multicast transmission anomaly quick detecting method
KR101300040B1 (en) Mobility Management System and Method for Distributed Mobility Management Network

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant