CN112187756A - Multicast data transmission method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transmission method, a device, equipment and a storage medium of multicast data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving multicast data to be forwarded; according to a destination address carried in the multicast data, inquiring source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; copying the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data; respectively modifying destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into source addresses of the N members to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member; forwarding the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the network flow of the downstream link can be effectively saved and the burden of downstream network equipment can be reduced in the transmission process of the multicast data.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for transmitting multicast data.
Background
Multicast technology is an important way of data transmission in IP networks. At present, in the transmission process of multicast data, because the destination address of the data link layer of the multicast data is a target multicast address, the multicast data will be flooded to a local link connected downstream of a multicast proxy router by default, thereby causing a large amount of network traffic of the downstream link to be occupied and bringing a burden to devices connected on the downstream link.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for transmitting multicast data, which can effectively save network traffic of a downstream link and reduce a burden of a downstream network device in a transmission process of multicast data.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting multicast data, including:
receiving multicast data to be forwarded;
according to a destination address carried in the multicast data, inquiring source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
copying the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data;
respectively modifying destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into source addresses of the N members to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member;
forwarding the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the source address of each member recorded in the multicast routing table is the MAC address of the member.
Further, the method for transmitting multicast data further includes:
responding to an IGMP management message sent by a client, and judging whether the IGMP management message is used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group;
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group, maintaining the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management message; wherein, the IGMP management packet at least includes a target multicast address and an MAC address of the client.
Further, when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is used to announce to join or leave a multicast group, maintaining the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management packet specifically includes:
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing the joining of a certain multicast group, generating a corresponding multicast entry in a preset multicast routing table based on the IGMP management message;
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing leaving of a certain multicast group, whether a matched multicast entry exists in the multicast routing table is inquired according to a target multicast address carried in the IGMP management message and the MAC address of the client, if so, the matched multicast entry is deleted from the multicast routing table, and if not, no processing is performed.
Accordingly, another embodiment of the present invention provides a device for transmitting multicast data, including:
the data receiving module is used for receiving the multicast data to be forwarded;
the address query module is used for querying source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table according to the destination address carried in the multicast data; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the data replication module is used for replicating the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data;
an address replacement module, configured to modify destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into source addresses of the N members, respectively, to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member;
a data transmission module, configured to forward the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the source address of each member recorded in the multicast routing table is the MAC address of the member.
Further, the apparatus for transmitting multicast data further includes:
the message judging module is used for responding to an IGMP management message sent by a client and judging whether the IGMP management message is used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group;
a routing table maintenance module, configured to maintain the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management packet when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is used to announce that the multicast group is joined or left; wherein, the IGMP management packet at least includes a target multicast address and an MAC address of the client.
Further, the routing table maintenance module is specifically configured to:
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing the joining of a certain multicast group, generating a corresponding multicast entry in a preset multicast routing table based on the IGMP management message;
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing leaving of a certain multicast group, whether a matched multicast entry exists in the multicast routing table is inquired according to a target multicast address carried in the IGMP management message and the MAC address of the client, if so, the matched multicast entry is deleted from the multicast routing table, and if not, no processing is performed.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a multicast data transmission device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the processor implements the multicast data transmission method as described in any one of the above.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored computer program, where when the computer program runs, a device in which the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the multicast data transmission method described in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, according to the transmission method, the device, the equipment and the storage medium of the multicast data provided by the embodiment of the invention, the source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address are inquired from a preset multicast routing table according to the destination address carried in the received multicast data, then the multicast data are copied to obtain N multicast data, then the destination addresses carried in the N multicast data are respectively modified into the source addresses of the N members to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member, and then the N unicast data corresponding to each member are forwarded to the N members, so that the upstream multicast data are converted into link layer unicast data to be forwarded to a downstream link, and the problem that the multicast data are flooded to a local link connected to the downstream of a multicast proxy router by default can be effectively avoided, the network flow of the downstream link is saved, and the burden of the downstream network equipment is relieved.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting multicast data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast data transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting multicast data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The method for transmitting the multicast data provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and S11, receiving the multicast data to be forwarded.
The multicast data carries a destination address, and the destination address carried by default in the multicast data is a multicast address.
S12, according to the destination address carried in the multicast data, inquiring the source addresses of N members contained in the multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
It can be understood that the client becomes a member of the multicast group after joining the multicast group. The multicast routing table may specifically be composed of entries corresponding to members of a plurality of multicast groups, each entry of the multicast routing table at least includes a multicast address and a source address of a member corresponding to the entry, and each entry of the multicast routing table may further include a network interface, a filtering mode, a filtering address list, and the like.
It should be noted that N is equal to the number of members included in the multicast group matching the destination address, and N ≧ 2.
Specifically, in step S12, according to the destination address carried in the multicast data, N entries matching the destination address are first searched from a preset multicast routing table, so as to obtain entries of N members included in the multicast group, and then the source addresses of the N members are obtained from the entries of the N members.
And S13, copying the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data.
And copying the multicast data by N parts to obtain N pieces of multicast data.
S14, respectively modifying the destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into the source addresses of the N members, and obtaining N unicast data corresponding to each member.
And respectively modifying the destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into the source addresses of the N members from the default multicast addresses, thereby obtaining N unicast data corresponding to each member.
S15, forwarding the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members.
And forwarding the N pieces of unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members in a unicast mode, so as to convert upstream multicast data into link layer unicast data and forward the link layer unicast data to a downstream link.
The multicast data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the invention queries the source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table according to the destination address carried in the received multicast data, copies the multicast data to obtain N multicast data, respectively modifies the destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into the source addresses of the N members to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member, and forwards the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members, thereby realizing forwarding the upstream multicast data to a downstream link as link layer unicast data, effectively avoiding the problem that the multicast data is flooded to a local link connected to the downstream of a multicast proxy router by default, saving the network flow of the downstream link, and reduces the burden on downstream network devices.
As an alternative embodiment, the source address of each member recorded in the multicast routing table is the MAC address of the member.
In the embodiment, the MAC address of the client is introduced into the multicast routing table as a new member parameter, so that the multicast routing table is expanded, members are distinguished by using the characteristic that the MAC address has uniqueness, mutual influence among a plurality of members is effectively avoided, and the accuracy of data transmission is ensured.
Further, the method for transmitting multicast data further includes:
s21, responding to the IGMP management message sent by the client, and judging whether the IGMP management message is used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group;
s22, when judging that the IGMP management message is used for announcing to join or leave a multicast group, maintaining the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management message; wherein, the IGMP management packet at least includes a target multicast address and an MAC address of the client.
The IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Management packet may be divided into IGMPv1, IGMPv2, and IGMPv3 according to the Protocol version, where IGMPv1 includes a query packet and a member report packet, IGMPv2 includes a query packet, a member report packet, and an off-Group packet, and IGMPv3 includes a query packet and a member report packet. Wherein, the IGMPv1, IGMPv2 and IGMPv3 query messages are used for the multicast router to query the receivers of the multicast group on the local link; IGMPv1 and IGMPv2 member report messages, which are used for the multicast receiver to announce to the multicast router to join a certain multicast group; IGMPv2 group leaving message for notifying multicast router to leave a certain multicast group; the IGMPv3 member reports messages for notifying multicast routers to join or leave a multicast group, and to receive or mask certain multicast sources.
Specifically, when receiving an IGMP management packet sent by a client, according to an IGMP protocol, determining whether the IGMP management packet requires to join or leave a multicast group having a multicast address as the target multicast address, and if so, performing maintenance such as updating, creating, or deleting a multicast routing entry on the multicast routing table according to information included in the IGMP management packet.
In this embodiment, when it is determined that the IGMP management packet sent by the client is used to announce that the multicast group is joined to or separated from a certain multicast group, the multicast routing table is maintained according to the IGMP management packet, so that the multicast group can be managed in time, and the accuracy of multicast data transmission is improved.
Specifically, the step S22 specifically includes:
s221, when judging that the IGMP management message is used for announcing the joining of a certain multicast group, generating a corresponding multicast entry in a preset multicast routing table based on the IGMP management message.
In step S221, when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is used to announce that the IGMP management packet joins a multicast group, the MAC address of the client that sends the IGMP management packet is used as an index, and whether a multicast entry matching the MAC address of the client exists is queried in a multicast routing table: if a multicast entry matched with the MAC address of the client exists, updating or newly building a multicast entry with a multicast address as the target multicast address according to the content of the IGMP management message, and updating the timeout time of the multicast entry, the filtering mode of the multicast entry and the filtering address; and if the multicast entry matched with the MAC address of the client does not exist, a multicast entry with the multicast address as the target multicast address is newly established, and the MAC address of the client is used as the index of the multicast entry.
S222, when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is used to announce leaving of a multicast group, querying, according to a multicast address carried in the IGMP management packet and an MAC address of a client, whether there is a matching multicast entry in the multicast routing table, if so, deleting the matching multicast entry from the multicast routing table, and if not, not performing processing.
Specifically, in step S222, when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is used to announce leaving of a multicast group, the MAC address of the client that sends the IGMP management packet is used as an index, and whether a multicast entry matching the MAC address of the client exists is queried in a multicast routing table: if the multicast entry matched with the MAC address of the client is found, deleting or aging the multicast entry; and if the multicast item matched with the MAC address of the client is not found, no processing is carried out.
In the prior art, the maintenance of the multicast routing table only concerns the IGMP management packet connected to the downstream link device, but does not concern the source of the IGMP management packet, so that an obvious attack vulnerability exists, that is, an attacker can send an IGMP group leaving packet from the downstream link in the multicast group, so that the multicast proxy router deletes the multicast routing table, thereby affecting the normal work of the multicast proxy router and other clients. In this embodiment, the multicast routing entry is updated and deleted by identifying the MAC address of the client that sends the IGMP management packet, so that the problem that the normal multicast use of the multicast client is affected due to the fact that an attacker forges a packet can be avoided, the robustness of the system under attack is enhanced, and the stability of the actual multicast application is improved.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multicast data transmission apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The transmission device of multicast data provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises:
a data receiving module 21, configured to receive multicast data to be forwarded;
an address query module 22, configured to query, according to a destination address carried in the multicast data, source addresses of N members included in a multicast group that matches the destination address from a preset multicast routing table; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the data replication module 23 is configured to replicate the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data;
an address replacement module 24, configured to modify destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into source addresses of the N members, respectively, to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member;
a data transmission module 25, configured to forward the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members.
The principle of the multicast data transmission implemented by the multicast data transmission device provided in this embodiment is consistent with that of the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein.
The transmission device for multicast data provided in the embodiment of the present invention obtains N multicast data by querying, according to a destination address carried in received multicast data, source addresses of N members included in a multicast group matching the destination address from a preset multicast routing table, and then copying the multicast data, and then modifies the destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into the source addresses of the N members, respectively, to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member, and then forwards the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members, thereby implementing forwarding of upstream multicast data to a downstream link as link-layer unicast data, and being capable of effectively avoiding a problem that multicast data is flooded by default to a local link connected to a downstream of a multicast proxy router, and saving a network traffic of the downstream link, and reduces the burden on downstream network devices.
As an alternative embodiment, the source address of each member recorded in the multicast routing table is the MAC address of the member.
Further, the apparatus for transmitting multicast data further includes:
the message judging module is used for responding to an IGMP management message sent by a client and judging whether the IGMP management message is used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group;
a routing table maintenance module, configured to maintain the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management packet when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is used to announce that the multicast group is joined or left; wherein, the IGMP management packet at least includes a target multicast address and an MAC address of the client.
Further, the routing table maintenance module is specifically configured to:
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing the joining of a certain multicast group, generating a corresponding multicast entry in a preset multicast routing table based on the IGMP management message;
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing leaving of a certain multicast group, whether a matched multicast entry exists in the multicast routing table is inquired according to a target multicast address carried in the IGMP management message and the MAC address of the client, if so, the matched multicast entry is deleted from the multicast routing table, and if not, no processing is performed.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission device for multicast data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The transmission device of multicast data according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processor 31, a memory 32, and a computer program stored in the memory 32 and configured to be executed by the processor 31, where the processor 31 implements the transmission method of multicast data according to any of the above embodiments when executing the computer program.
The processor 31, when executing the computer program, implements the steps in the above-mentioned embodiments of the multicast data transmission method, for example, all the steps of the multicast data transmission method shown in fig. 1. Alternatively, the processor 31, when executing the computer program, implements the functions of each module/unit in the above-mentioned multicast data transmission apparatus embodiment, for example, the functions of each module of the multicast data transmission apparatus shown in fig. 2.
Illustratively, the computer program may be divided into one or more modules, which are stored in the memory 32 and executed by the processor 31 to accomplish the present invention. The one or more modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, which are used for describing the execution process of the computer program in the transmission device of the multicast data. For example, the computer program may be divided into a data receiving module, an address querying module, a data copying module, an address replacing module and a data transmitting module, and the specific functions of the modules are as follows: the data receiving module is used for receiving the multicast data to be forwarded; the address query module is used for querying source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table according to the destination address carried in the multicast data; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the data replication module is used for replicating the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data; an address replacement module, configured to modify destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into source addresses of the N members, respectively, to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member; a data transmission module, configured to forward the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members.
The transmission device of the multicast data can be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a cloud server and other computing devices. The multicast data transmission device may include, but is not limited to, a processor 31 and a memory 32. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a transmission device for multicast data, and does not constitute a limitation of the transmission device for multicast data, and may include more or less components than those shown, or combine some components, or different components, for example, the transmission device for multicast data may further include an input/output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor 31 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc., and the processor 31 is a control center of the multicast data transmission device, and various interfaces and lines are used to connect various parts of the entire multicast data transmission device.
The memory 32 can be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor 31 can implement various functions of the multicast data transmission device by running or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory 32 and calling the data stored in the memory 32. The memory 32 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created from the use of a transmission device for multicast data, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
Wherein, the module/unit integrated with the transmission device of the multicast data can be stored in a computer readable storage medium if it is implemented in the form of software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for transmitting multicast data, comprising:
receiving multicast data to be forwarded;
according to a destination address carried in the multicast data, inquiring source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
copying the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data;
respectively modifying destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into source addresses of the N members to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member;
forwarding the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the source address of each member recorded in the multicast routing table is the MAC address of the member.
3. The method for transmitting multicast data according to claim 2, further comprising:
responding to an IGMP management message sent by a client, and judging whether the IGMP management message is used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group;
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group, maintaining the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management message; wherein, the IGMP management packet at least includes a target multicast address and an MAC address of the client.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is for announcing joining or leaving of a multicast group, the maintaining of the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management packet specifically includes:
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing the joining of a certain multicast group, generating a corresponding multicast entry in a preset multicast routing table based on the IGMP management message;
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing leaving of a certain multicast group, whether a matched multicast entry exists in the multicast routing table is inquired according to a target multicast address carried in the IGMP management message and the MAC address of the client, if so, the matched multicast entry is deleted from the multicast routing table, and if not, no processing is performed.
5. An apparatus for transmitting multicast data, comprising:
the data receiving module is used for receiving the multicast data to be forwarded;
the address query module is used for querying source addresses of N members contained in a multicast group matched with the destination address from a preset multicast routing table according to the destination address carried in the multicast data; wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the data replication module is used for replicating the multicast data to obtain N pieces of multicast data;
an address replacement module, configured to modify destination addresses carried in the N multicast data into source addresses of the N members, respectively, to obtain N unicast data corresponding to each member;
a data transmission module, configured to forward the N unicast data corresponding to each member to the N members.
6. The apparatus for transmitting multicast data according to claim 5, wherein the source address of each member recorded in the multicast routing table is a MAC address of the member.
7. The apparatus for transmitting multicast data according to claim 6, further comprising:
the message judging module is used for responding to an IGMP management message sent by a client and judging whether the IGMP management message is used for announcing to join or leave a certain multicast group;
a routing table maintenance module, configured to maintain the multicast routing table according to the IGMP management packet when it is determined that the IGMP management packet is used to announce that the multicast group is joined or left; wherein, the IGMP management packet at least includes a target multicast address and an MAC address of the client.
8. The apparatus for transmitting multicast data according to claim 7, wherein the routing table maintaining module is specifically configured to:
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing the joining of a certain multicast group, generating a corresponding multicast entry in a preset multicast routing table based on the IGMP management message;
when the IGMP management message is judged to be used for announcing leaving of a certain multicast group, whether a matched multicast entry exists in the multicast routing table is inquired according to a target multicast address carried in the IGMP management message and the MAC address of the client, if so, the matched multicast entry is deleted from the multicast routing table, and if not, no processing is performed.
9. A transmission apparatus of multicast data, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the transmission method of multicast data according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program runs, the computer-readable storage medium controls a device to execute the transmission method of multicast data according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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CN114697258A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-01 | 网易(杭州)网络有限公司 | Data communication method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
CN115460134A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2022-12-09 | 国网智能电网研究院有限公司 | MEC data multicast forwarding method for power 5G service |
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