CN100466773C - 通知信道的负荷检测方法及基站 - Google Patents

通知信道的负荷检测方法及基站 Download PDF

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CN100466773C
CN100466773C CNB2006100800267A CN200610080026A CN100466773C CN 100466773 C CN100466773 C CN 100466773C CN B2006100800267 A CNB2006100800267 A CN B2006100800267A CN 200610080026 A CN200610080026 A CN 200610080026A CN 100466773 C CN100466773 C CN 100466773C
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CN1984392A (zh
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仲海泉
戴明扬
高树亮
侯智强
鲁智峰
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XFusion Digital Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及移动通信技术，公开了一种通知信道的负荷检测方法及基站，使得网络侧能够实时检测通知信道的负荷情况。本发明中，通过基站统计并比较每一个通知消息的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间的关系，并根据一个或多个所获得的比较结果判断通知信道是否已过载，当基站判定通知信道已过载时，将该通知信道的过载消息上报给基站控制器。其中，通知消息的发送时间迟延包含新通知消息的发送时间迟延以及通知消息的循环发送时间迟延。

Description

通知信道的负荷检测方法及基站
技术领域
本发明涉及移动通信技术，特别涉及通知信道的负荷检测技术。
背景技术
集群通信系统是一种用于集团调度指挥通信的移动通信系统，主要应用在专业移动通信领域。该系统具有的可用信道可为系统的全体用户共用，具有自动选择信道功能，它是共享资源、分担费用、共用信道设备及服务的多用途、高效能的无线调度通信系统。
集群通信的最大特点是话音通信采用一按即通(Push To Talk，简称“PTT”)的接续方式，被叫无需摘机即可接听，且接续速度较快，并能支持群组呼叫等功能，它的运作方式以单工、半双工为主，主要采用信道动态分配方式，并且用户具有不同的优先等级和特殊功能，通信时可以一呼百应，可广泛应用于各政府机关、企业、公安等各种行业，满足各单位内部通信调度的需要。
现有的集群通信系统主要有基于全球移动通信系统(Global System formobile Communication，简称“GSM”)的数字集群通信系统，如GT800数字集群系统，基于码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，简称“CDMA”)的数字集群通信系统，如开放式集群结构(Global open Trunking Architecture，简称“GoTa”)系统，以及基于时分同步码分多址(Time Division SynchronousCodeDivision Multiple Access SCDMA，简称“TD-SCDMA”)的数字集群系统。
其中，GT800系统是以GSM-R系统，即服务铁路的GSM系统，为基础进行自主技术创新，兼容GSM和TD-SCDMA无线接入技术，满足行业用户指挥调度需求的数字集群系统。
GT800系统包括网络和交换子系统(Network Switch Subsystem，简称“NSS”)、基站子系统(Base Station Subsystem，简称“BSS”)和集群终端。其中，NSS主要完成交换功能和客户数据与移动性管理、安全性管理所需的数据库功能，一个NSS可包括若干个移动业务交换中心(Mobile servicesSwitching Center，简称“MSC”)、拜访位置寄存器(Visitor Location Register，简称“VLR”)、归属位置寄存器(Home Location Register，简称“HLR”)和组呼寄存器(Group Call Register，简称“GCR”)。BSS是集群系统中与无线传输方面关系最直接的基本组成部分，它又包括基站收发信台(BaseTransceiver Station，简称“BTS”)和基站控制器(Base Station Control，简称“BSC”)。BSS通过无线接口直接与移动台相接，负责无线信号发送/接收和无线资源管理，另一方面，BSS与核心网中的MSC相连，实现移动用户之间或移动用户与固定网路用户之间的通信连接，传送系统信号和用户信息等。集群终端由用户设备(User Equipment，简称“UE”)和用户识别模块(Subscriber Identity Module，简称“SIM”)两部分组成，支持点对点私密呼叫、广播呼叫、组呼等集群功能。
GT800采用GSM的物理结构逻辑信道，并在此基础上增加了通知信道(Notification Channel，简称“NCH”)，用于发送组呼业务的通知消息。在GSM系统中，UE只能使用普通点对点业务，网络侧需要为每个UE单独分配一个信道进行通话，而在GT800系统中，相同组呼的UE在同一个小区下可以使用同一个组呼信道进行监听，UE个数不受限制，从而节省了无线信道资源。
在现有的集群通信系统中，小区组呼信道的指配有两种方式，立即指配和延迟指配。立即指配方式是指BSC收到MSC的话音组呼业务指配命令后，在组呼区域的每个小区中指配1条组呼信道，并通过NCH信道发送通知消息，通知消息中包括组呼参考和组呼信道描述。延迟指配方式是指BSC收到MSC的话音组呼业务指配命令后，并不指配组呼信道，而是在组呼区域的每个小区的NCH信道上发送通知消息，通知消息中只包括组呼参考，当UE收到通知消息后，自动发起组呼响应流程，BSC再指配组呼信道。从而可以节约无线资源。无论采用哪一种方式指配组呼信道，处于组呼区域内的UE，均需通过接收NCH信道上的通知消息来判断是否有组呼发起，在接收到通知消息后，才能根据通知消息的内容确定是否加入，以及采用哪种方式加入组呼。由此可见UE加入组呼的快慢取决于接收到通知消息的早晚。
在实际应用中，上述方案存在以下问题：当小区内同时存在大量组呼时，用户可能无法及时接收到通知消息，从而影响接入性能。
造成这种情况的主要原因在于，现有技术中NCH信道发送通知消息的能力是有限的，当一个小区内同时存在大量组呼时，每个组呼的通知消息的发送周期将延长，从而影响用户接入组呼的性能。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种通知信道的负荷检测方法及其系统，使得网络侧能够实时检测通知信道的负荷情况。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种通知信道的负荷检测方法，包含以下步骤：
基站统计通知消息的发送时间迟延，将所统计的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间相比较获得比较结果；
当所述基站根据至少一个比较结果判定所述通知信道过载时，向基站控制器上报表示该通知信道过载的消息。
其中，所述发送时间迟延包含新通知消息的发送时间迟延和/或通知消息的循环发送时间迟延。
此外在所述方法中，所述新通知消息的发送时间迟延是所述基站首次发送该新通知消息的时间与该基站接收到该新通知消息的时间之差；
所述通知消息的循环发送时间迟延是所述通知消息的本次发送时间与上次发送时间之差。
此外在所述方法中，与所述新通知消息的发送时间迟延相对应的正常迟延时间为运营商所配置的新通知消息在所述通知信道上发送的允许时间；
与所述通知消息的循环发送时间迟延相对应的正常迟延时间为运营商所配置的通知消息在所述通知信道上循环发送的周期时间。
此外在所述方法中，还包含以下步骤：
所述基站根据最近一个比较结果判断所述通知信道是否过载，如果最近一个比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，则判定所述通知信道过载。
此外在所述方法中，还包含以下步骤：
所述基站设置计数器，当所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，所述计数器的数值加上第一预定值，当所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延小于等于相应的正常迟延时间时，所述计数器的数值减去第二预定值，在所述计数器的数值大于预置的第一门限时，所述基站判定所述通知信道过载。
此外在所述方法中，所述计数器还预置有第二门限与第三门限，当所述计数器的数值大于第二门限时，不再根据所述比较结果增加该计数器的数值；当所述计数器的数值小于第三门限时，不再根据所述比较结果减少该计数器的数值。
此外在所述方法中，所述第二预定值大于所述第一预定值。
此外在所述方法中，还包含以下步骤：
所述基站记录所述比较结果，如果在最近的预设时间内，比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数超过预定比例，则判定所述通知信道过载。
本发明还提供了一种基站，包含：
统计模块，用于统计通知消息的发送时间迟延；
比较模块，用于比较所述统计模块所统计的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间的关系；
以及上报模块，用于在根据至少一个由所述比较模块所获得的比较结果判定所述通知信道过载时，向基站控制器上报该通知信道过载消息。
其中，所述发送时间迟延包含新通知消息的发送时间迟延和/或通知消息的循环发送时间迟延。
此外，所述上报模块根据最近一个比较结果判断所述通知信道是否过载，如果最近一个比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，则判定所述通知信道过载。
此外，还包含计数器，用于在所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，加上第一预定值，在所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延小于等于相应的正常迟延时间时，减去第二预定值，当所述计数器的数值大于预置的第一门限时，所述上报模块判定所述通知信道过载；
所述计数器还预置有第二门限与第三门限，当所述计数器的数值大于第二门限时，不再根据所述比较结果增加该计数器的数值；当所述计数器的数值小于第三门限时，不再根据所述比较结果减少该计数器的数值。
此外，还包含记录模块，用于记录所述比较结果；
所述上报模块在最近的预设时间内比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数超过预定比例时，判定所述通知信道过载。
通过比较可以发现，本发明的技术方案与现有技术的主要区别在于，通过基站统计并比较每一个通知消息的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间的关系，并根据一个或多个所获得的比较结果判断通知信道是否已过载，当基站判定通知信道已过载时，将该通知信道的过载消息上报给基站控制器。使得网络运营商能够及时地了解通知信道的负荷情况，从而进行小区公共信道参数的调整和优化，提升网络质量和接续速度。
其中，通知消息的发送时间迟延包含新通知消息的发送时间迟延以及通知消息的循环发送时间迟延，使得基站能够更全面地对通知信道是否过载进行判断，保证了该基站向基站控制器上报的通知信道过载消息的准确性。
基站可通过多种方式判断通知信道是否已过载：第一种方式是根据最近一次的比较结果判断通知信道是否已过载；第二种方式是在根据比较结果对计数器进行加减操作后，通过计数器的数值判断通知信道是否已过载；第三种方式是根据最近一段时间内比较结果为发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数是否超过预定比例来判断通知信道是否已过载。因为后两种方式基于多个比较结果得到结论，所以可以比较稳定地判断通知信道是否已过载。
在第二种方式中，当发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，计数器加上第一预定值，当发送时间迟延小于等于相应的正常迟延时间时，计数器减去第二预定值，其中第一预定值小于第二预定值，这使得通知信道从拥塞状态恢复到非拥塞状态时，计数器的数值能较迅速地体现出这一变化。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明第一实施方式的NCH的负荷检测方法流程图；
图2是根据本发明第二实施方式的NCH的负荷检测方法流程图；
图3是根据本发明第四实施方式的NCH的负荷检测系统结构图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
本发明的核心在于，基站将每一个组呼业务通知消息的发送迟延时间与正常迟延时间相比较，根据一次或多次的比较结果判断当前NCH是否过载，如果经判定NCH过载，则通知BSC当前NCH过载的消息，使得网络运营商能够及时地了解NCH的负荷情况，进而进行小区公共信道参数的调整和优化。
下面根据发明原理对本发明第一实施方式NCH的负荷检测方法进行说明。
如图1所示，在步骤110中，基站在每次发送通知消息时，统计本次通知消息的发送时间迟延，发送时间迟延可以是新通知消息的发送时间迟延或通知消息的循环发送时间迟延。其中，新通知消息的发送时间迟延是指基站首次发送该新通知消息的时间与该基站接收到该新通知消息的时间之差，通知消息的循环发送时间迟延是指通知消息的本次发送时间与上次发送时间之差。
具体地说，基站在接收到组呼业务的通知消息时，记录时间A，并在首次发送该新通知消息时，记录时间B，两者的时间差即为新通知消息的发送时间迟延，对于首次发送的新通知消息，基站统计的通知消息的发送时间迟延即为该新通知消息的发送时间迟延。每条通知消息在首次发送后，每隔一段时间还将循环发送一次，对于循环发送的通知消息，基站统计的通知消息的发送时间迟延为该通知消息的循环发送时间迟延，即该通知消息本次发送时间与上次发送时间的时间差。
除了在每次发送通知消息时都统计的方式以外，也可以采用抽样的方式进行统计。例如，每隔一次统计一下，或者每隔两次统计一下等等。
接着进入步骤120，基站判断本次通知消息的发送时间迟延是否大于相应的正常迟延时间，如果大于，则判定NCH过载，进入步骤130，反之则结束本流程。其中，与新通知消息的发送时间迟延相对应的正常迟延时间为运营商所配置的新通知消息在NCH上发送的允许时间，与通知消息的循环发送时间迟延相对应的正常迟延时间为运营商所配置的通知消息在NCH上循环发送的周期时间。
具体地说，如果本次发送的通知消息为首次发送的新通知消息，则基站判断其新通知消息的发送时间迟延是否大于运营商所配置的新通知消息在NCH上发送的允许时间，如果大于则进入步骤130，反之则结束本流程；如果本次发送的通知消息为循环发送的通知消息，则基站判断其循环发送时间迟延是否大于运营商所配置的通知消息在NCH上循环发送的周期时间，同样，如果大于则进入步骤130，反之则结束本流程。通过在通知消息首次发送和循环发送时，根据不同发送时间迟延以及其对应的正常迟延时间判断NCH是否过载，使得基站能够更全面地对NCH是否过载进行判断。
在步骤130中，基站向BSC上报NCH过载的消息，以便网络运营商能及时了解NCH的负荷情况，使其能够根据上报的消息调整小区公共信道的参数，优化网络性能。
本发明第二实施方式NCH的负荷检测方法如图2所示，步骤210与步骤110相类似，在此不再赘述。
在步骤220中，基站判断本次通知消息的发送时间迟延是否大于相应的正常迟延时间，如果大于，则进入步骤230，反之则进入步骤250。
在步骤230中，基站检测标识NCH拥塞程度的计数器，判断该计数器的数值是否大于预置的第二门限。
具体地说，在本实施方式中，基站不再根据一次比较结果判断NCH是否过载，而是预先为NCH的拥塞程度设置一个计数器，每次通知消息的发送时间迟延大于正常迟延时间时，增加计数器的数值，同样在通知消息的发送时间迟延小于正常迟延时间时，降低计数器的数值。相应的，还为该计数器设置了三个门限，第一门限为NCH是否过载的判定门限，当计数器的数值大于第一门限时，基站判定NCH过载，第二门限和第三门限是该计数器的最大数值和最小数值的限制门限，用于限定计数器的取值范围，避免因为过载时间太长，使得计数器的数值过大，导致在NCH恢复正常时，计数器无法在短时间内恢复到正常值。
因此在本步骤中，基站判断当前计数器的数值是否小于第二门限，如果小于第二门限，则进入步骤240，基站将计数器的数值加上第一预定值，比如将计数器的数值加1；如果当前计数器的值已大于预置的第二门限，则不再对其累加，直接进入步骤280。
在本次通知消息的发送时间迟延小于相应的正常迟延时间时，进入步骤250，基站检测计数器，判断该计数器的数值是否大于预置的第三门限，如果大于第三门限，则进入步骤260，基站将当前计数器的值减去第二预定值，比如将计数器的值减2，其中，第二预定值大于第一预定值；如果计数器的数值小于等于预置的第三门限，则为了避免计数器值过小产生负值，不再减小计数器的数值，直接结束本流程。
由于当发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，计数器增加的数值小于当发送时间迟延小于等于相应的正常迟延时间时，计数器降低的数值，使得NCH从超载状态恢复到非超载状态时，计数器的数值能较迅速地体现出这一变化。
基站在计数器的数值大于第三门限小于第二门限，且根据本次通知消息的发送情况对计数器的数值进行更改后，进入步骤270，基站判断该计数器的数值是否大于预置的第一门限，如果大于第一门限则判定该NCH过载，进入步骤280；反之则表明即使有通知消息的发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间，也仅为偶然情况，并不影响网络的性能，直接结束本流程。由于基于多个比较结果得到NCH是否过载的结论，使得基站能够更稳定地判断NCH是否过载。
由于基站判定NCH过载，因此在步骤280中，基站向BSC上报NCH过载的消息，以便网络运营商能及时了解NCH的负荷情况，使其能够根据上报的消息调整小区公共信道的参数，优化网络性能。
本发明第三实施方式NCH的负荷检测方法与第一第二实施方式大致相同，其区别仅在于基站判断NCH是否过载的方式不同，在第一实施方式中，基站根据最近一次通知消息的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间的比较结果判断NCH是否已过载；在第二实施方式中，基站根据比较结果对计数器进行加减操作，通过计数器的数值判断NCH是否已过载；在本实施方式中，基站根据最近一段时间内比较结果为发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数是否超过预定比例来判断NCH是否已过载。
具体地说，基站在每次发送通知消息时，统计本次通知消息的发送时间迟延，并与相应的正常迟延时间相比较，记录比较结果，如果在最近的预设时间内，比较结果为发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数超过预定比例，则判定NCH过载，向BSC上报NCH过载的消息。
比如说，最近5分钟内，基站记录的通知消息发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数为30次，通知消息的发送次数总共为100次，则其比例为3:10，如果该比例超过预定比例，如预定比例为1:5，则基站判定NCH过载，向BSC上报NCH过载的消息。
本发明第四实施方式的NCH负荷检测系统，如图3所示，包含用于统计通知消息的发送时间迟延的统计模块，用于比较通知消息的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间的关系的比较模块，以及用于向BSC上报NCH过载消息的上报模块。
具体地说，基站在每次发送通知消息时，通过统计模块统计本次通知消息的发送时间迟延，并交由比较模块进行比较。其中，通知消息的发送时间迟延可以是新通知消息的发送时间迟延或通知消息的循环发送时间迟延。比较模块通过比较本次通知消息发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间的关系获得比较结果，上报模块根据比较模块的一次或多次比较结果判断NCH是否过载，并在判断为过载时向BSC上报NCH过载消息。
值得一提的是，上报模块可以通过多种方式判断NCH是否过载，比如说，上报模块根据比较模块最近的一个比较结果判断NCH是否过载；或者，通过在基站内设置一计数器，当来自比较模块的比较结果为发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，计数器的数值加上第一预定值，当来自比较模块的比较结果为发送时间迟延小于等于相应的正常迟延时间时，计数器的数值减去第二预定值，在计数器的数值大于预置的第一门限时，上报模块判定NCH过载；或者，上报模块在最近的预设时间内比较结果为发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数超过预定比例时，判定NCH过载。
虽然通过参照本发明的某些优选实施方式，已经对本发明进行了图示和描述，但本领域的普通技术人员应该明白，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (14)

1.一种通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，包含以下步骤:
基站统计通知消息的发送时间迟延，将所统计的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间相比较获得比较结果；
当所述基站根据至少一个比较结果判定所述通知信道过载时，向基站控制器上报表示该通知信道过载的消息。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，所述发送时间迟延包含新通知消息的发送时间迟延和/或通知消息的循环发送时间迟延。
3.根据权利要求2所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，所述新通知消息的发送时间迟延是所述基站首次发送该新通知消息的时间与该基站接收到该新通知消息的时间之差；
所述通知消息的循环发送时间迟延是所述通知消息的本次发送时间与上次发送时间之差。
4.根据权利要求2所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，与所述新通知消息的发送时间迟延相对应的正常迟延时间为运营商所配置的新通知消息在所述通知信道上发送的允许时间；
与所述通知消息的循环发送时间迟延相对应的正常迟延时间为运营商所配置的通知消息在所述通知信道上循环发送的周期时间。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，还包含以下步骤:
所述基站根据最近一个比较结果判断所述通知信道是否过载，如果最近一个比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，则判定所述通知信道过载。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，还包含以下步骤:
所述基站设置计数器，当所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，所述计数器的数值加上第一预定值，当所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延小于等于相应的正常迟延时间时，所述计数器的数值减去第二预定值，在所述计数器的数值大于预置的第一门限时，所述基站判定所述通知信道过载。
7.根据权利要求6所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，所述计数器还预置有第二门限与第三门限，所述第二门限和第三门限分别是所述计数器的最大数值和最小数值的限制门限，当所述计数器的数值大于第二门限时，不再根据所述比较结果增加该计数器的数值；当所述计数器的数值小于第三门限时，不再根据所述比较结果减少该计数器的数值。
8.根据权利要求6所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，所述第二预定值大于所述第一预定值。
9.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的通知信道的负荷检测方法，其特征在于，还包含以下步骤:
所述基站记录所述比较结果，如果在最近的预设时间内，比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数超过预定比例，则判定所述通知信道过载。
10.一种基站，其特征在于，包含:
统计模块，用于统计通知消息的发送时间迟延；
比较模块，用于比较所述统计模块所统计的发送时间迟延与相应的正常迟延时间的关系；
以及上报模块，用于在根据至少一个由所述比较模块所获得的比较结果判定通知信道过载时，向基站控制器上报该通知信道过载消息。
11.根据权利要求10所述的基站，其特征在于，所述发送时间迟延包含新通知消息的发送时间迟延和/或通知消息的循环发送时间迟延。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的基站，其特征在于，所述上报模块根据最近一个比较结果判断所述通知信道是否过载，如果最近一个比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，则判定所述通知信道过载。
13.根据权利要求10或11所述的基站，其特征在于，还包含计数器，用于在所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间时，加上第一预定值，在所述比较结果为所述发送时间迟延小于等于相应的正常迟延时间时，减去第二预定值，当所述计数器的数值大于预置的第一门限时，所述上报模块判定所述通知信道过载；
所述计数器还预置有第二门限与第三门限，所述第二门限和第三门限分别是所述计数器的最大数值和最小数值的限制门限，当所述计数器的数值大于第二门限时，不再根据所述比较结果增加该计数器的数值；当所述计数器的数值小于第三门限时，不再根据所述比较结果减少该计数器的数值。
14.根据权利要求10或11所述基站，其特征在于，还包含记录模块，用于记录所述比较结果；
所述上报模块在最近的预设时间内比较结果为所述发送时间迟延大于相应的正常迟延时间的次数超过预定比例时，判定所述通知信道过载。
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