CN100462005C - Application of Trichothec-9-en-4-o1,12,13-epoxy-,acetate,(4beta)-(8CI,9CI) in the preventing of tomato early blight or bean anthracnose - Google Patents

Application of Trichothec-9-en-4-o1,12,13-epoxy-,acetate,(4beta)-(8CI,9CI) in the preventing of tomato early blight or bean anthracnose Download PDF

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CN100462005C
CN100462005C CNB200710066847XA CN200710066847A CN100462005C CN 100462005 C CN100462005 C CN 100462005C CN B200710066847X A CNB200710066847X A CN B200710066847XA CN 200710066847 A CN200710066847 A CN 200710066847A CN 100462005 C CN100462005 C CN 100462005C
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acetate
trichothec
trichoderma harzianum
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俞晓平
申屠旭萍
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National Institute of Metrology
China Jiliang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing active metabolite Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12, 13-epoxy-, acetate, (4beta)-(8CI, 9CI) of Chinese holly endomycosis TrichodermaharzianumRifai L and relative application in fungi prevention. The invention comprises that activating and cultivating bacterial, cultivating seeds, fermenting and cultivating, and extracting fermentate. The invention first applies the Chinese holly endomycosis ferment product into plant fungi disease prevention, to be used in agriculture bactericide development.

Description

Trichothec-9-en-4-o1,12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI) application in preventing and treating early blight of tomato or bean anthracnose
Technical field
The present invention relates to microbial technology field, particularly relate to the separation that plant endogenesis epiphyte is prevented and treated part fungal diseases of plants effective strain, and the preparation of antibacterial metabolite and application method.
Background technology
All have a large amount of endogenetic fungus in the plant corpus, endogenetic fungus is found in herbage the earliest, is found in plants such as woody plant, herbaceous plant, gramineae plant, liver moss, lichens, marine alga again afterwards.Studies show that so far, plant endogenesis epiphyte can strengthen the host disease resistance, improve the productivity, degeneration-resistant pest-resistant etc. of plant.Bringing into play these effects is because endogenetic fungus is bred in plant corpus and grown, and generation has bioactive secondary metabolite in vivo.Therefore, endogenetic fungus may become potential biocontrol agent in the biological control, has important purposes aspect the ecological agriculture and the biopesticide development.Plant endogenesis epiphyte has caused microbiologist, ecologist, plant protection scholar's extensive interest in recent years, becomes the focus of domestic and international research gradually.The research and development of microbial source biochemistry agricultural chemicals at present is very active in China, but microbial resources and application potential thereof still do not fully played, and plant endogenesis epiphyte promptly is the untapped emerging microbial resources of such class.
Chinese holly (Ilex cornuta Lindl.et Paxt.) is the Aquifoliaceae evergreen plant, mainly is distributed in ground such as Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian.Holly leaf bitter, little puckery, cold in nature is a kind of Chinese medicine, and the beginning is stated from supplement to the Herbal.Traditional Chinese medicine theory thinks that holly leaf has clearing heat and nourishing yin, flat liver kidney-nourishing, effects such as dispelling wind and activating meridian; Modern age, pharmacological research showed, holly leaf has antifertility, coronary artery dilator, effect such as antibiotic grade.As everyone knows, thunder godvine has multiple medicine effect, and that the chemical composition of extracting from thunder godvine has is antitumor, anti-inflammatory, immunosupress and antifertility action, treats effects such as rheumatoid arthritis in addition.Same thunder godvine also is a kind of good pesticide plant, has insecticidal activities such as stomach toxicity, food refusal, inhibition grow.D.Siva Sundara Kumar etc. screens endogenetic fungus (the Journal of Ethnopharmacology that metabolite has the resisting rheumatoid disease effect from thunder godvine, 2004,295-300), surname rising sun duckweed etc. screens from thunder godvine to have the inhibited endogenetic fungus of farm crop fungus disease (separation of thunder godvine endogenetic fungus and the screening of active bacterial strain, Zhejiang agricultural journal, 2006,18 (5): 308-312).Whether also the same with the thunder godvine medicinal plant Chinese holly has caused the extensive interest of researcher as a kind of medical plant, but its can play a role in the control diseases and pests of agronomic crop, does not also set foot in about the research of this respect, and not seeing both at home and abroad has report.In order to make full use of the natural plants Chinese holly, bring into play its maximum effect to the mankind, the present invention carries out the Separation Research of endogenetic fungus to the live body Chinese holly tissue that picks up from the Tian Mu Shan Mountain, Linan, and the endogenetic fungus that is separated to carried out detecting research to part frequently seen plants fungal disease pathogen antagonistic activity, this invention not only provides theoretical foundation and manufacturing parameter for the further development of microbial pesticide and exploitation provide good starting strain also to develop farm antibiotics for the natural active matter that utilizes the holly fungal endophyte fungi simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at chemical pesticide dangerous with the less deficiency of microbial pesticide kind, a kind of endogenetic fungus-trichoderma harzianum strain L that separates in the Chinese holly tissue is provided; Another object of the present invention provides utilizes this bacterial strain L to be prepared into microbial pesticide of preventing and treating the part fungal diseases of plants and preparation method thereof by its metabolite of fermented extracted.
The separation of holly fungal endophyte fungi of the present invention-trichoderma harzianum strain L, screening and evaluation:
Be in May, 2006 in the Chinese holly stem that gather in the Tian Mu Shan Mountain, Linan, Zhejiang, obtain and preserve through separation, cultivation and the fermentation of surface sterilization, endogenetic fungus, determination of activity and to the steps such as screening that suppress fungal diseases of plants pathogen effective strain; Be accredited as trichoderma harzianum (Trichodermaharzianum Rifai) through microbial taxonomy, name and be trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L.This bacterial strain is in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation, preservation date on August 14th, 2006, preservation registration number CGMCC No.1780.
Holly fungal endophyte fungi-trichoderma harzianum strain L, its solid culture is characterized as: bacterium colony is 25 ℃ of 3-4 days expansion 9cm on the PSA flat board, and initial stage white is sparse, and mycelia crawls to grow along media surface, and the back forms yellow green and produces the spore district.Reverse side is colourless.The mycelia tool is every, branch.
Its morphological feature is: conidiophore forms the branch profile of pyramid, the stigma Shu Sheng of branch end, to life, alternate or Dan Sheng, doleiform, 4.5-10x2.5-3.5 μ m;
Conidium sphere, subsphaeroidal, single closely colourless, be light gray green during gathering, wall is smooth, diameter 2.5-3.0 μ m; Chlamydospore sphere, subsphaeroidal, colourless, smooth, diameter 5.5-7.0 μ m.
Trichoderma harzianum strain L of the present invention can obtain the inhibited active component sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol of part fungal diseases of plants pathogen, 12 through fermented extracted, 13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI).
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method who prevents and treats fungal diseases of plants microbial pesticides such as watermelon blight, cucumber fusarium axysporum, cucumber rhizoctonia rot, bean anthracnose and early blight of tomato, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) activation culture of bacterial classification: will separate holly fungal endophyte fungi-trichoderma harzianum strain L bacterial classification of preserving and move in vitro on potato glucose medium (PDA) inclined-plane, under 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃ condition, strain activation and culture 96h covers with green spores to the test tube slant;
(2) seed liquor is cultivated: a small amount of activation culture spore of picking is forwarded to the potato glucose liquid nutrient medium, pH nature, the bottled fermentation culture 40mL of every 300mL triangle, 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃ of seed shaking table cultivation temperature, incubation time 36h;
(3) fermented and cultured: fermentation culture is to contain glucose 10g among every 1000mL, sucrose 15g, beef extract 10g, peptone 5g, MnCl 215mg, CaCO 32g, the bottled fermentation culture 40mL of every 300mL triangle; Prepare back 121 ℃ of sterilization 20min, to be cooled to the 40 ℃ of inoculum concentration of percentage composition 5%~10% inoculations by volume under aseptic condition, under 28 ℃ ± 2 ℃ conditions, cultivated 4 days;
(4) fermentation product extracts: fermentation finishes, and collects zymotic fluid, chemical method extraction routinely, chromatography, and separation and purification obtains sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI), this compound molecule formula is C 17H 24O 4, the structural formula See Figure;
Figure C200710066847D00061
(5) pure sesquiterpenoids is equipped with the agricultural drugs auxiliary material, is prepared into the agricultural drugs of multiple formulation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The one, the present invention separates metabolite output height and part fungal diseases of plants pathogen is had stronger inhibiting endogenetic fungal bacterial strain-trichoderma harzianum strain L from Chinese holly, this bacterial strain L with had following difference about numerous reports of Trichoderma harzianum in the past, this provides a kind of microorganism new bacterial strain for control fungal diseases of plants pathogen on the agricultural;
One, tangible difference is arranged: drop on as trichoderma harzianum in the application for a patent for invention " a kind of Trichoderma harzianum fungal bacterial strain " (publication number CN 1554742A) that form is the cashmere shape on the PSA medium on features such as strain morphology, dirty-green when bacterium colony is aging forms the through culture dish top of tangible projection; Conidiophore is arborization.Bacterium colony does not form projection and Trichoderma harzianum of the present invention (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L cultivates afterwards on same medium, producing the spore district is yellow green, conidium is single closely colourless, is light gray green during gathering, and conidiophore forms the branch profile of pyramid.Chi Yujie etc. (Trichoderma harzianum transformant thalli morphology is observed and pesticide resistance mensuration. Harbin Institute of Technology's journal, 2002,34 (6): 784-788) Bao Dao trichoderma harzianum strain, spore color are bottle green, flat board face anyway is homochromy, and colonial morphology is a flocculence; And the positive yellow green that forms of Trichoderma harzianum of the present invention (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L bacterium colony is produced the spore district, and reverse side is colourless, the positive and negative TOTAL DIFFERENT COLOR.
They are two years old, utilize Trichoderma harzianum as the inhibition mechanism of biocontrol fungicide with utilize mode different: former studies is to utilize trichoderma harzianum strain to produce chitinase mostly, thereby reaches the purpose of sterilization by the main component chitin of chitinase degradative fungi cell wall.The report that also has is directly to utilize the Trichoderma harzianum spore and be developed to Trichoderma harzianum spore preparation control fungal diseases of plants, produce Trichoderma agent upward commonly used at present and mostly be conidium preparation alive, existing many commercial wooden removing mildews come out, as the Trichoderma harzianum T39 wetting powder Trichodex of Israel's exploitation, the Topshield of the U.S. (Trichoderma harzianum T22) etc.And the present invention is the active component sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol that produces by Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI 9CI) reaches antibacterial purpose.
The 2nd, the invention provides and from the fermentation product of holly fungal endophyte fungi-trichoderma harzianum strain L, extract its metabolite sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI), and and then be prepared into the preparation method of the microbial pesticide that can prevent and treat fungal diseases of plants; This agricultural chemicals is applied to the control of fungal diseases of plants, and its effect is than conventional chemical medicament slightly excellent (seeing the routine table 1 of test), for the exploitation of disinfectant use in agriculture has increased new approach.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for getting rid of inserted sheet method L shaped attitude figure of observed trichoderma harzianum strain under 400 power microscopes.
Embodiment
Separation and the screening of embodiment 1:(endogenetic fungus trichoderma harzianum strain L)
The present invention in May, 2006 in the Chinese holly stem that gather in the Tian Mu Shan Mountain, Linan, Zhejiang, through separation, cultivation and the fermentation of surface sterilization, endogenetic fungus, determination of activity and to suppressing the steps such as screening of fungal diseases of plants pathogen effective strain, therefrom obtain endogenetic fungus Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L, preserve.
Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L bacteriostatic activity is measured: get its fermented supernatant fluid 1mL in sterile petri dish, be cooled to 50 ℃ the rapid mixing of PDA medium with 9mL, cucumber fusarium axysporum, bean anthrax bacteria, withered germ of water-melon, cucumber rhizoctonia rot bacterium and the tomato early blight bacteriums etc. that it is 4mm that the cooling back is put 1 diameter respectively on each medium plane are for examination bacterium bacterium cake, the bacterium cake is connected to culture dish central authorities (the culture dish diameter is 9cm), put 28 ℃ of cultivation 36h in the incubator, handle in contrast with sterile water, repeat 3 times; Adopt the right-angled intersection method to measure colony diameter, calculate inhibiting rate with following formula:
Figure C200710066847D00081
Measurement result shows: Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L metabolite is respectively 53.8%, 54.5%, 43.8%100% and 68% to the inhibiting rate of cucumber fusarium axysporum, bean anthrax bacteria, withered germ of water-melon, cucumber rhizoctonia rot bacterium and tomato early blight bacterium.
The preparation method of embodiment 2:(trichoderma harzianum strain L fermentating metabolism product)
Carry out according to the following steps:
(1) bacterial classification test tube slant activation culture: slant medium is potato glucose medium (PDA), and its component and content are: potato 200g, glucose 20g, agar 20g; With peeling potatoes, be cut into piece and boil half an hour earlier, use filtered through gauze then, add glucose and agar again, supply water to 1L after dissolving; Under aseptic condition, use the bacterial classification of transfer needle a little Trichoderma harzianum of picking (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L, extremely sterilized solid PDA medium test tube is (in 15 * 150mm), put interior 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃ of incubator, activation culture 96h covers with green spores to the test tube slant;
(2) seed liquor is cultivated: seed culture medium is the potato glucose liquid nutrient medium, and its component and content are: potato 200g, glucose 20g; Peeling potatoes is cut into piece and boils half an hour, uses filtered through gauze then, adds glucose again, supplies water to 1L after dissolving, the pH nature; The bottled sterilized liquid medium of every 300mL triangle 40mL, and insert a little step (1) activation culture bacterial classification spore, put 28 ℃ ± 1 ℃, shaking table is cultivated 36h, is Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L seed liquor;
(3) fermented and cultured: fermentation medium is to contain glucose 10g among every 1000mL, sucrose 15g, beef extract 10g, peptone 5g, MnCl 215mg, CaCO 32g, surplus is a water; The bottled 40mL fermentation culture of every 300mL triangle, prepare back 121 ℃ of sterilization 20min, to be cooled to 40 ℃ under aseptic condition, the inoculum concentration of percentage composition 5%~10% by volume, insert Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L seed liquor, 28 ℃ ± 2 ℃, fermented and cultured 4 days;
(4) fermentation product extracts: collect zymotic fluid after fermentation finishes, adopt ethyl acetate extraction, get the upper strata, and under vacuum condition, be concentrated into medicinal extract, then go up silica gel column chromatography, with benzinum and ethyl acetate (volume ratio 10%~90%) wash-out, separation and purification gets sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI).
Trichoderma harzianum strain L metabolite described in following examples 3,4,5 is embodiment 2 products made therebies; The percentage composition of described product is mass percent.
Embodiment 3:(utilizes trichoderma harzianum strain L fermentating metabolism product to be prepared into wetting powder)
Wherein:
White carbon: (the rich strange chemical industry Co., Ltd in Shanghai produces)
Blue star auxiliary reagent factory, farming breast 0203-B:(Xingtai produces)
Sodium lignin sulfonate: (the Shanghai prestige is chemical industry Co., Ltd and produces)
Precipitated calcium carbonate: (Shanghai DaYu biochemistry Co., Ltd's production)
Product contains 1.5% sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI), add 2% white carbon as adsorbent, and add 1% farming breast 0203-B and 3% sodium lignin sulfonate auxiliary material, supply 100% with precipitated calcium carbonate at last, behind the mixing, make wetting powder (claiming " product A " in the following content) through comminution by gas stream.
Embodiment 4:(utilizes trichoderma harzianum strain L fermentating metabolism product to be prepared into microemulsion).
Wherein:
Methyl alcohol (production of Shanghai Shen Xing pharmaceutical factory)
601 (productions of Xingtai blue star auxiliary reagent factory) of farming breast
Dodecyl sodium sulfate (Shanghai is contained many Fine Chemical Co., Ltd and produced)
Urea (safe woods chemical industry group company produce)
Product contains 1.5% sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI), the dissolve with methanol with 5%, and add 2% farming breast, 601 and 0.5% dodecyl sodium sulfate as dispersing aid, add 1% urea as antifreezing agent, last water is supplied 100%, 35 ℃ of following mixing, makes microemulsion (claiming " product B " in the following content) after the emulsification of high-shear emulsifying device disperses.
Embodiment 5:(utilizes trichoderma harzianum strain L fermentating metabolism product to be prepared into missible oil)
Wherein:
Ethanol (production of Shanghai Shen Xing pharmaceutical factory)
0204 (production of Xingtai blue star auxiliary reagent factory) of farming breast
Dimethylbenzene (production of Shanghai Shen Xing pharmaceutical factory)
The sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol of product 2%, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI), dissolve with ethanol with 4%, add quality 5% farming breast 0204-C as emulsifier, supply 100% with dimethylbenzene at last, stirring and evenly mixing is made missible oil (claiming " products C " in the following content).
Test example: (product of the present invention and conventional pesticide control efficiency comparative trial)
" product A, B, C " prevented and treated test to plant diseases such as watermelon blight, cucumber fusarium axysporum, cucumber rhizoctonia rot, bean anthracnose and earlys blight of tomato, with conventional chemical agricultural chemicals, clear water is contrast, as shown in table 1, the disinfectant use in agriculture of trial-production " product A, B, C " is slightly more excellent than conventional chemical pesticide control effect.
Table 1 product A, B, C are to several plant fungal disease preventive effect statistical form
(test of pesticide effectiveness is all carried out in test farmland, suburbs, Hangzhou in July, 2006-September)
"-" is not test (N.T.).

Claims (2)

1. sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI) application in preventing and treating early blight of tomato or bean anthracnose.
2. the described application of claim 1, Trichothec-9-en-4-ol wherein, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI) obtained by following method: Trichoderma harzianum (Trichoderma harzianum Rifai) bacterial strain L cultivates through slant activation, seed liquor is cultivated and fermented and cultured obtains to contain Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, zymotic fluid 9CI), in zymotic fluid, add isopyknic ethyl acetate and extract, get the upper strata, and under vacuum condition, be concentrated into medicinal extract, carry out silica gel column chromatography then, with the benzinum and the ethyl acetate gradient elution of volume ratio 10%~90%, separation and purification gets sesquiterpenoids Trichothec-9-en-4-ol, 12,13-epoxy-, acetate, (4 β)-(8CI, 9CI), described trichoderma harzianum strain L is in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation, and preservation registration number is CGMCC No.1780.
CNB200710066847XA 2007-01-25 2007-01-25 Application of Trichothec-9-en-4-o1,12,13-epoxy-,acetate,(4beta)-(8CI,9CI) in the preventing of tomato early blight or bean anthracnose Expired - Fee Related CN100462005C (en)

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CN102283118A (en) * 2011-07-06 2011-12-21 西安文理学院 Method for screening endophytic fungi capable of improving fungus disease resistance in crops
CN104313143B (en) * 2014-10-16 2016-04-20 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所 One and the closely linked molecule marker of common kidney bean anti-anthrax gene locus and detection method thereof
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