CN100459748C - Preliminary signal detection platform - Google Patents
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- CN100459748C CN100459748C CNB02146071XA CN02146071A CN100459748C CN 100459748 C CN100459748 C CN 100459748C CN B02146071X A CNB02146071X A CN B02146071XA CN 02146071 A CN02146071 A CN 02146071A CN 100459748 C CN100459748 C CN 100459748C
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Abstract
This invention discloses a signal predetecting platform containing an average peak power ratio demodulator, a general detector, a Hadamard converter, a power accumulator and a code pre arbiter. The said demodulator is for removing the variable items. The said detector connected to the said demodulator is for detection of the signal de-perturbance and de-frequency expand. The said converter connected with the said detector is for corresponding the power detection value of code character to that of multiple identified codes. The power accumulator linked to the Hadamard is for converting the identifying code power detection value to its received general power detection value and the said arbiter comparing the received general power with a critical power value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is about the device of wireless telecommunications, particularly about a kind of advance signal detection platform that is applicable to various different detected parameters.
Background technology
Because utilization again (frequency reuse) character of frequency, (code division multiple access, CDMA) bandwidth efficiency of system (bandwidthefficiency) is more superior compared with other multiaccess system (as frequeney division multiple (FDM) access and timesharing multiple access) for Code Division Multiplex access code branch.In addition, unit planning (cell planning) is quite simple at the code division multiaccess system.Therefore, code division multiple access cellular system will be following main flow.Use the exhibition of preface always frequently the Code Division Multiplex of (direct sequence spread spectrum) Code Division Multiplex access technique access cellular system (cellular systems) and increase communication channel (channel) capacity significantly.The attention that suction phase is worked as in nearest mobile communcations system research of this system.Particularly third generation mobile alliance (Third generation partnership project, 3GPP) Wideband Code Division Multiple Access/frequency division duplexing (W-CDMA/FDD) system has been used in one of standard of a kind of IMT-2000 of being used for third generation system.
At the wideband code division location of the third generation mobile alliance (W-CDMA of system, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) in the system, travelling carriage, as cellular phone (Cellular phone), by base station searching procedure (Cell Search), cooperate down link (Downlink) synchronous communication road (SCH, Synchronization Channels), pilot channel (CPICH, Common Pilot Channel) to finish travelling carriage to base station synchronization.But because there is range of indeterminacy to a certain degree in the distance between travelling carriage and base station, this range of indeterminacy is called on signal sequence and postpones (Round Trip Delay) back and forth, and its size is determined by the covering scope of base station.Therefore, the base station still needs the information of travelling carriage that Pu is uploaded to carry out synchronously.
Sign indicating number in third generation mobile alliance divides in the system of wideband code division location, and what upload up link (Uplink) is to finish by the motion mechanism that advances to connect at random in the channel (RACH, Random AccessChannel) synchronously.Because trough pattern (Slotted Mode) when taking, the uncertain region of sequential can be contracted within the above-mentioned delay back and forth (delay), to simplify the complexity (complexity) of searching.(random) advances to connect the transmission channel that channel is a up link at random, and the scope that it received comprises the zone that whole base station is contained.Advance to connect transmission at random and be divided into preposition part (Preamble Part) and message part (Message Part).Owing to preposition part needs with other user's preposition part competition the risk of collision is arranged, so after will waiting until that preposition part is finished synchronously, travelling carriage just can be sent message part.So can avoid message part before preposition part is reached synchronously as yet, just to transmit and channel is produced unnecessary extra interference.The initial transmission power of preposition part is determined by open loop power control (Open Loop Power Control) mechanism, be aided with and increase in a leap power (Power Ramping) and compensate the not enough phenomenon of the through-put powers that effect caused (transmission power) such as decline (Fading) because of channel, frequency shift (FS) (Frequency Offset), interference, power measurement error, and then promote the probalility of success of transmission information.
The base station is by the time location of the preposition part of detecting in possible time range, can estimate between base station and travelling carriage postpone back and forth with finish the base station to travelling carriage synchronously.After detecting the advance signal of sending out in the base station, can send corresponding response signal by synchronous guide channel (AICH, Acquisition Indicator Channel) by travelling carriage.After travelling carriage is confirmed response signal, can start information transmission partly.The message part of travelling carriage is that the data traffic frame (data frame) with 10 milliseconds is that unit transmits, and 10 or 20 milliseconds information can also be arranged, and its length is determined by the upper strata.
Generally speaking, desire captures virtual mess code (PN code) in straight preface Zhan Pin system, normally is aided with the detection strategy of parallel (Parallel) or serial (Serial) mode with matched filter (Matched Filter) or active correlator (ActiveCorrelator).For the acquisition of (as advancing to connect the advance signal of channel at random) of short and acyclic signal, the serial active correlator was pass and is not suitable for for a long time owing to the acquisition time.Therefore parallel active correlator and matched filter are for advancing to connect possible the acquisition checkout gear and the method for advance signal at random.
In recent years, possible acquisition checkout gear and the method that is used to solve advance signal also disclosed.See the United States Patent (USP) number the 6th of awarding to people such as Durrant, 317, No. 452, title is " Method and apparatus for wireless spread spectrumcommunication with preamble sounding gap ", and it discloses with the detection strategy of parallel active correlator as advance signal.In addition, see No. the 6th, 356,607, United States Patent (USP) number awarding to Scott, title is " Preamble code structure and detection methodand apparatus ", and it discloses with the detection strategy of matched filter as advance signal.
Other solution also is found in:
Award to people's such as Uchida No. the 6th, 366,603, United States Patent (USP) number; And
Award to people's such as Scott No. the 6th, 363,107, United States Patent (USP) number.
Yet during as the detection strategy of advance signal, the active correlator number of required use and the possible range size that postpones back and forth are directly proportional with parallel active correlator.So when the base station covering scope increases, back and forth the possible range of Yan Chiing also with increase.Adopt this moment the detection mode of parallel active correlator will make that the quantity design of detector is too huge.But parallel active correlator is more easily accumulated the phase deviation of avoiding excessive between detection period as segmented power during as the detection strategy of advance signal.On the other hand, as the detection strategy of advance signal the time, its size and the code length that will capture are directly proportional with matched filter.Sheet (Chip) when the advance signal length that present technology will capture is 4,096, the design of matched filter are also too complicated, and need to consider segmentation or other method of advance signal.In addition, consider frequency shift (FS) (Frequency Offset) phenomenon that may exist when acquisition, advance signal may be done the segmentation acquisition, again each section is done non-adjusting power accumulation.Therefore the segmentation number makes two detection strategies produce when the design of base station again different design consideration.
In gross, the design of advance signal detector need be considered quite a lot of parameter, as factors such as the code length of base station covering scope (promptly back and forth postpone possible range), segmentation acquisition, the strategy of adopting matched filter or parallel active correlator framework and acquisition usefulness, to design the acquisition strategy and the framework of suitable this base station.Yet, when going to the arrangement base station practically, the covering scope of base station must be as the fixing radius that has in the ideal, and may be limited by factor such as landform, building and irregular covering scope is arranged, or in the metropolitan area and the suburb also have the covering scopes of different sizes.When environment, when covering scope changes, the design factor of advance signal detector also need change.Therefore how removing to design the suitable simultaneously required advance signal detector of various different base stations, is an important consideration in the base station design.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of advance signal detection platform, is used to solve the problem that above-mentioned known technology limits.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of advance signal detection platform, this advance signal detection platform is applicable to different base station, and according to different detected parameters, required as base station covering scope, segmentation acquisition length and number, acquisition usefulness, again plan etc., carry out the detection of advance signal with the most suitable strategy and framework.
A further object of the present invention provides a kind of advance signal detection platform, can offer total solution of advance signal measuring ability of base station.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of universal array of detection units (array) framework, applicable to the sign indicating number capturing program in any code separation multiplex access system, and can capture needed sign indicating number with different strategies and parameter according to need.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of advance signal detection platform, be used for the base station to detect an advance signal from travelling carriage.This advance signal detection platform mainly comprises an equal peak power ratio demodulator (Peak-to-Average Power Ratio demodulator, PAPR Demodulator), a common detector (generic detector), a Hadamard transducer (Hadamard transformer), a power accumulator (power accumulator) and a preamble arbiter (Preamble Detection Arbiter).This equal peak power ratio demodulator is used to remove the equal peak power ratio modulation item of this advance signal.This common detector is connected in this equal peak power ratio demodulator, is used for separating of this advance signal and upsets and separate the detection of exhibition frequency.This Hadamard transducer is connected in this common detector, is used for the power detection value of the code character of this advance signal is corresponded to the power detection values of a plurality of identification sign indicating numbers of this advance signal.This power accumulator, be connected in this Hadamard transducer, be used for the power detection value of the identification sign indicating number of this advance signal is changed into reception gross power and this preamble arbiter of the identification sign indicating number of this advance signal, be connected in this power accumulator, be used for the reception gross power of the identification sign indicating number (identification code) of this advance signal and critical power value size relatively.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention more provides a kind of common detector, is used for the base station to detect an advance signal from travelling carriage.This common detector comprises an array of detection units, has a plurality of detecting units, in order to advance signal is separated the detection of upset and Xie Zhanpin; One outlet selector is connected in this array of detection units, is according to employed detection strategy and parameter value, finds out detected value output place of this advance signal in this array of detection units; One output buffer (buffer) is connected in this outlet selector, is used for the detected value from this advance signal of this outlet selector is kept in, and changes into 16 code character detected values and output side by side; One disturbing code distributor is connected in this array of detection units, is used for disposing disturbing code each detecting unit to this array of detection units; And a resources bank unit, be used for according under various detection strategies and parameter, with control take out right quantity in this common detector this detecting unit to constitute suitable detection framework to carry out the detection of this advance signal.
Feature of the present invention is, the array of detection units of this common detector, cooperate relevant peripheral circuit, can be used to carry out different detection strategies as outlet selector, output buffer etc., as matched filter and active correlator strategy, and various detected parameters, as detecting length, segmentation number, code phase number etc.Therefore according to advance signal detection platform proposed by the invention, can very flexiblely adjust and detect strategy and parameter with in response to the residing true environment of different base station.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for advancing to connect the time slot Organization Chart of transmission at random;
Fig. 2 is the testing process figure of advance signal;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart according to an embodiment of advance signal detection platform of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the equal peak power ratio demodulator of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the common detector of Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the strategy according to the parallel active correlator detecting pattern of advance signal detection platform of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the strategy according to the matched filter detecting pattern of advance signal detection platform of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the array of detection units of Fig. 5;
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the detecting unit of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is the structure chart for an embodiment of outlet selector of Fig. 5;
Figure 11 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the output buffer of Fig. 5;
Figure 12 is the scalariform buffer structure figure of an embodiment of the output buffer of Figure 11;
Figure 13 is that parallel (parallel) buffer (buffer) structure chart is changeed in the serial (serial) of an embodiment of the output buffer of Figure 11;
Figure 14 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the disturbing code distributor of Fig. 5;
Figure 15 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the Hadamard transducer of Fig. 3;
Figure 16 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the power accumulator of Fig. 3;
Figure 17 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the preamble arbiter of Fig. 3.
10: equal 11: two complementers of peak power ratio demodulator
12: inverter (invertor) 13: adder (adder)
14: change serializer 20 side by side: common detector
21: array of detection units 22: outlet selector (selector)
23: output buffer 24: the disturbing code distributor
30: Hadamard transducer 31:2 is to 1 Port Multiplier (multiplexer)
32: operation (operation) network of 16 addition and subtractions of tool
33: the Hadamard register (register) of tool 16 fields (field)
40: power accumulator 41: real imaginary part adder
42: segmented power accumulator 50: preamble detecting arbiter
51: power critical value register 52: comparator (comparator)
53: certification mark position (flag) 54: code phase counter (code phase counter)
210: detecting unit 211: the pattern Port Multiplier
212: adder-subtractor
213: the shift register of 32 fields of tool (shift register)
220:N/16 is to 1 Port Multiplier 230: serial is changeed and column register
231:16 to 1 Port Multiplier 232:2 to 1 Port Multiplier
233: to the angie type wiring
240: disturbing code generator (scrambling code generator)
241:1 separates Port Multiplier 242:1 to 16 N/16 is separated Port Multiplier
243:2 is to 1 Port Multiplier 244: the identical element register
411: squarer 412: the real part register
413: adder 421: adder
422: the multiword segment register
Embodiment
The present invention for convenience of description has the time slot framework that need introduce advance signal earlier.Now please refer to Fig. 1, it is for advancing to connect the time slot Organization Chart of transmission at random.Advancing to connect transmission at random is to transmit against minute mode of groove Ah hello Kazakhstan (Slotted ALOHA).It is to come transmission since the starting point of one section time interval that has defined that travelling carriage is carried out transmission at random, this time interval is called and into connects time slot (Access Slot), the length of each data traffic frame (data frame) is 10 milliseconds (ms), per two data traffic frames contain 15 and advance to connect time slot, each advances to connect sheet when having 5,120 in the time slot (Chip).Employed time slot is to advance to connect to choose wantonly at random in the time slot one as usefulness preposition or the information transmission by upper strata control unit (control unit) spendable, promptly is the so-called transmission of advancing to connect at random.
Each preposition partial-length from travelling carriage is 4, sheet in the time of 096, wherein contained complex values sign indicating number (Complex-valued Code) is to be 4 by length, in the time of 096 the identification sign indicating number of sheet and disturbing code (Scrambling Code) when both do sheet to the time after sheet multiplies each other, be multiplied by plural modulation value again and constitute.Generally speaking this plural number modulation value is exp (j (π/4+ π k/2)), k=0 wherein, and 1,2 ..., 4095.Identification sign indicating number is that the Hadamard (Hadamard Code) of 16 o'clock sheets repeats 256 times continuously and generated for raw footage.Being multiplied by plural modulation value is in order to reduce peak-to-average power ratio (Peak-to-Average Power Ratio).Behind plural modulation value exp (j (π/4+ π k/2)) on the signal times of original " two-phase is moved key entry (BPSK; Binary Phase Shift Keying) " modulation, promptly become complex signal for " orthogonal phase shift is keyed in (QPSK, Quadrature Phase ShiftKeying) " modulation.From the coordinate plane of real part and imaginary part formation, the variation of two interdigits only can be 90 degree, rather than 180 original degree, that is can not pass through initial point.So can reduce requirement, and then make the realization of hardware (hardware) more or less freely the linearity of power amplifier (amplifier).
Now please refer to Fig. 2, it shows the testing process figure of advance signal.This figure will help to understand advance signal detection platform of the present invention.One advance signal is received by the base station from travelling carriage.This advance signal needed earlier phase inversion is partly removed in order to the design of simplifying detector before separating the exhibition frequency and separating upset.Advance signal earlier via the equal peak of power than demodulator processes after, obtain x at real part and imaginary part respectively
IAnd x
QOriginally the power of identification sign indicating number and disturbing code will be distributed in real part x indefinitely
IWith imaginary part x
Q, need simultaneously two parts to be done identical testing.Because subsequent treatment program that the real part of advance signal and imaginary part are required and institute thereof want the yard all identical of correspondence, so can share identical hardware.After commentaries on classics serial process arranged side by side, complex values x
I+ jx
QBe converted to the real number value x of doubled frequency, promptly real part and imaginary values are staggered respectively constitutes a new signal x.Then this signal x is separated to upset with the exhibition of separating and handle frequently.This is separated to upset with the exhibition of separating and handles frequently that is feature of the present invention, be according to different detected parameters by array of detection units, as the demands such as detection framework of the number of the time range of required search, segmentation and length, employing, make suitable planning configuration again and upset the exhibition of reconciliation frequently to separate.Separate to upset to conciliate to open up to handle frequently and can obtain the pairing power detection value of 16 code characters (Code Symbol).Through after the Hadamard conversion process, the pairing power detection value of 16 code characters (Code Symbol) of advance signal becomes the power detection values of 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers, and wherein real part and imaginary part still are separate processes.Handle by the power accumulator, the power of real part and imaginary part adds up to (segmentation) received power of 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers mutually
If advance signal is when having segment processing, according to the number of segmentation, the power of same each section that postpones back and forth added up becomes 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers at this reception gross power P that postpones back and forth
SigShould receive gross power P at last
SigWith critical power value P
ThrRelatively big or small, if surpass P
Thr, and be again that this base station allows the identification sign indicating number that uses, promptly be denoted as effective advance signal and receive.This size that postpones back and forth and identification sign indicating number thereof are numbered the system of advancing to meet sb. at the airport that the upper strata of base station is given in repayment, in order to this travelling carriage of response.
Define some noun that will use and code names herein.L: the total length of advance signal, sheet totally 4,096 time, L=4096; M: the number that segmentation detects is about to advance signal and is divided into several sections and detects; Lseq: the length of each section detection, with the time sheet be unit; N
u: the scope of Yan Chiing back and forth, contain according to the base station that radius calculates; Be referred to as code phase (Code Phase) in the present invention: each unit interval point that preamble may occur is called a code phase.
Now please refer to Fig. 3, it shows the structure chart according to an embodiment of advance signal detection platform of the present invention, and it mainly comprises five modules such as equal peak power ratio demodulator (PAPR Demodulator) 10, one common detector (Generic Detector) 20, one Hadamard transducer (HadamardTransformer) 30, a power accumulator (Power Accumulator) 40 and one preamble detecting arbiter (Preamble Detection Arbiter) 50 and forms.This advance signal detection platform can be used for the base station to receive an advance signal from travelling carriage.This equal peak power ratio demodulator 10 is used for the equal peak power ratio modulation item of this advance signal is removed.This common detector 20 is connected in this equal peak power ratio demodulator 10, can be used for separating of this advance signal and upset and separate detections such as Zhan Pin at different detection strategy and parameter values.This Hadamard transducer 30 is connected in this common detector 20, is used for the pairing power detection value of 16 code characters (Code Symbol) with this advance signal and changes into power detection values into 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers of this advance signal.This power accumulator 40 is connected in this Hadamard transducer 30, is used for the power detection value of 16 groups of this advance signal identification sign indicating numbers is changed into the reception gross powers of 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers of this advance signal.This preamble detecting arbiter 50 is connected in this power accumulator 40, is used for the reception gross power of 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers of this advance signal and critical power value size relatively.If have above the critical power value, and be again that this base station allows the identification sign indicating number that uses in the reception gross power of 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers, promptly indicating this identification sign indicating number is effective advance signal reception.This size that postpones back and forth and identification sign indicating number thereof are numbered the system of advancing to meet sb. at the airport that the upper strata of base station is given in repayment, in order to this travelling carriage of response.
This equal peak power ratio demodulator 10 is used for the equal peak power ratio modulation item of advance signal is removed.Fig. 4 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the equal peak power ratio demodulator 10 of Fig. 3, and it more comprises a plurality of two complementers (2 ' s Complement) 11, one inverter (Inverter) 12,13 and parallel 14 compositions of serializer (Parallel-to-SerialTransformer) that change of a plurality of adder (Adder).According to preferred embodiment, these a plurality of two complementers 11 are that four and these a plurality of inverters 12 are two.Its course of action is as follows: this two complementer 11, this inverter 12, and this adder 13 be used to carry out complex operation to separate the equal peak power ratio modulation of advance signal.E wherein
cAnd e
sBe 1 or-1, so can simplify original multiply operation re to use two complement codes (complement) device instead.e
cAnd e
sWhether the value conduct makes the selection wire of two complementary operations, if its value is 1, promptly r1=r does not then do two complementary operations.Otherwise, if value for-1 o'clock, promptly r (1)=-r, then carry out two complementary operations.。Because subsequent treatment program that the real part of advance signal and imaginary part are required and institute thereof want the yard all identical of correspondence, so can share identical hardware.Therefore this parallel commentaries on classics serializer 14 is used for real part and the imaginary part x with this advance signal
IAnd x
QNext stage, the i.e. detection of this common detector 20 are carried out in the input of staggered reformulation sequence.
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of an embodiment of this common detector 20 of Fig. 3, and it more comprises an array of detection units (Detection Unit Array) 21, one outlet selector (OutputSelector) 22, an output buffer (Output Buffer) 23 and one disturbing code distributor (Scrambling Code Dispatcher) 24.This array of detection units 21 is according under the detection strategy of matched filter or active correlator and the different parameter value, this advance signal is separated upset and Xie Zhanpin.This outlet selector 22 is connected in this array of detection units 21, is according to employed detection strategy and parameter value, finds out detected value output place of this advance signal in this array of detection units 21, and sends it to this output buffer 23.This output buffer 23 is connected in this outlet selector 22, is used for doing from the detected value of this advance signal of this outlet selector 22 suitably temporaryly, and changes into 16 code character detected values and exports to next stage Hadamard transducer 30 side by side and use.Disturbing code distributor 24 is connected in this array of detection units 21, in time disposes disturbing code each detecting unit to this array of detection units 21.
The design of advance signal detector need be considered quite a lot of parameter, as factors such as the code length of base station covering scope (promptly back and forth postpone possible range), segmentation acquisition, the strategy of adopting matched filter or parallel active correlator framework and acquisition usefulness, to design the acquisition strategy and the framework of suitable this base station.
Now please refer to Fig. 6, its explanation is according to the strategy of the parallel active correlator detecting pattern of advance signal detection platform of the present invention.In this advance signal detection platform, be used to separate and upset and the detector framework of Xie Zhanpin can be formed with parallel active correlator.The real part of the advance signal after separating phase inversion and imaginary part x
IAnd x
QDeliver to each active correlator respectively.Each active correlator is responsible for a code phase and is detected the road work.Because identification code character (Code Symbol) is to open up frequently in the mode that repeats 256 times, so after separating upset in the active correlator, the exhibition of separating action frequently be with separately 16 the time sheet separate the upset value, totally 256 totallings (supposes no segmentation) together, can obtain 16 detected values of recognizing code characters.Generally speaking, under this framework,, single real part or imaginary part all there be N active correlator in order to handle if 2N active correlator arranged.As N 〉=N
uThe time, all code phases all can be assigned to an active correlator with as detecting advance signal, and detectable length is L, and promptly sheet all can detect 4,096 the time.As N＜N
uThe time, can't distribute to the active correlator of all code phase special uses, then the detection of code phase need be adopted shared mode, and need make each code phase that identical detection length is arranged, in order to critical power value P
ThrStipulate.
Now please refer to Fig. 7, its explanation is according to the strategy of the matched filter detecting pattern of advance signal detection platform of the present invention.In this advance signal detection platform, be used to separate and upset and the detector framework of Xie Zhanpin can come construction with matched filter.In this framework, need the state of elder generation according to channel, the advance signal after separating phase inversion determines one section suitable detection length L seq, and sets up the upset program (sequence) of separating with the matched filter (Lseq-tap Matched Filter) of Lseq level.The part of matched filter totalling operation is respectively 16 code characters (Code Symbol) to be added up as previously mentioned, and the exhibition of promptly separating is action frequently, can obtain 16 detected values of recognizing code characters.
The strategy of above-mentioned two kinds of detecting patterns has separately design consideration and pluses and minuses thereof.The design of parallel active correlator is to depend on N and N
uMagnitude relationship.Yet N makes when dispatching from the factory in the base station to determine, and N
uThen can difference be arranged because of factors such as the position of want arrangement, landform, zone, buildings.Therefore when using the design of parallel active correlator, the advance signal detection platform should keep suitable elasticity and come in response to different user demands.On the other hand, the design of matched filter then is the detection length L seq that depends on that channel status determines.Yet channel status also can have difference because of the environment at place, base station.Just determine when therefore the framework of optimal advance signal detector can't be made in the base station.In view of two kinds of different strategies have separately pluses and minuses, and when using arbitrary strategy, also need possess certain elasticity with in response to different operating environments.According to advance signal detection platform proposed by the invention, can comply with above-mentioned different demand, carry out any and detect strategy, and wherein each parameter also can reset on demand.
Fig. 8 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the array of detection units 21 of Fig. 5, and it comprises N detecting unit (Detection Unit) 210.This N detecting unit 210 is to arrange with the matrix-style of m * p that (m * p=N), promptly m row p is capable.Yet, preferable system, this N detecting unit 210 be with
Matrix-style arrange, promptly 16 row N/16 are capable.Note that the 1st detecting unit that is listed as the 1st row is positioned at the upper right side of this array of detection units.The testing result of this advance signal can because of employed Different Strategies and parameter by different detecting unit output.When this advance signal detection platform is set in the matched filter pattern, and it is Lseq that segmentation detects length, Lseq≤N, 16 identification code character testing results of each code phase can be all by capable 16 detecting units, 210 outputs of Lseq/16, the i.e. outlet of 16 detecting units 210 that Lseq/16 is capable output.Wherein the detecting unit 210 of first row is responsible for first group of identification code character detected, and the result is by first capable detecting unit 210 outputs of Lseq/16; The detecting unit 210 of secondary series is responsible for second group of identification code character detected, and the result is by capable second detecting unit, 210 outputs of Lseq/16; So analogize, the detecting unit 210 of last the 16 row is responsible for the 16 group of identification code character detected, and the result is by capable the 16 detecting unit 210 outputs of Lseq/16.22 need of outlet selector of this moment fixedly are chosen in 16 capable detecting units 210 of Lseq/16 to receive its testing result.On the other hand, when being set in the active correlator pattern as if this advance signal detection platform, each detecting unit 210 is to distribute to a code phase to use.So at single code phase, behind the sheet, the testing result of 16 identification sign indicating numbers all is the v by the detecting unit 210 of this code phase when having detected Lseq
I, jSerial output.The appointment mode of this each detecting unit 210 is with mode or horizontal mode longitudinally, from right to left or from right to left, as long as the order that can conform with.According to preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detecting unit 210 that first row first is listed as is assigned to first code phase.The detecting unit 210 of the first row secondary series is assigned to second code phase, by that analogy.Detecting unit 210 under second row, first row is assigned to the 17 code phase, goes down by that analogy again, is beneficial to export the design of selection.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of an embodiment of this detecting unit 210 of Fig. 8, and it comprises the shift register (32-field Register) 213 of a pattern Port Multiplier (Mode Multiplexer) 211, one adder-subtractor (Adder/Subtract) 212 and 32 fields of a tool.This pattern Port Multiplier 211 is used to select the operator scheme on this advance signal detection platform, that is by for selecting in matched filter or the active correlator pattern.If this pattern Port Multiplier 211 is selected the matched filter pattern, then the detecting unit 210 of the same row in the array of detection units 21 this moment should be carried out the work identical with matched filter.When pattern Port Multiplier 211 has chosen 0, to reading input y by the detecting unit 210 on its right side in each detecting unit
I-1, again according to disturbing code c
iDecision will this detecting unit y
iBe to add or to deduct x
i, i.e. y
i=y
I-1+ c
ix
iThis adder-subtractor 212 is connected in this pattern Port Multiplier 211, and what be used for the real part of this advance signal or imaginary part adds reducing to separate upset.Because identification sign indicating number s
kGeneration (or claim exhibition frequently) be mode to repeat 256 times, therefore the identical identification code character sheet 16 time of being separated by again because detect in the design of framework at this, is adopted the staggered hardware of sharing of real part imaginary part, so y
iSheet when need postponing 16x2=32, just with the value addition exhibition of separating after disorderly of the same code character descrambling of the next position frequently.This shift register 213 is connected in this adder-subtractor, is used for postponing the time of 32 o'clock sheets with Xie Zhanpin with separating the real part of the advance signal after the upset or the value of imaginary part.In like manner, if this pattern Port Multiplier 211 is selected the active correlator pattern, then each detecting unit 210 in the array of detection units 21 this moment should be carried out the work identical with active correlator.
Figure 10 is the structure chart for an embodiment of outlet selector 22 of Fig. 5, and it comprises a plurality of N/16 to 1 Port Multiplier (N/16-to-1 Multiplexer) 220.According to preferred embodiment, these a plurality of N/16 are 16 to 1 Port Multiplier 220.Each row of this array of detection units correspond to this outlet selector 22.Before its function of explanation, how the explanation array of detection units is consequently exported under two kinds of patterns earlier.This advance signal detection platform is set in when using the matched filter pattern, can be produced each code phase result of identification code character i by capable i the detecting unit 210 of the Lseq/16 in the array of detection units 21.Therefore each row all has i capable detecting unit 210 of outlet selector (Output Selector) the 22 fixing Lseq/16 of selection that testing result is delivered to output buffer 23.On the other hand, when using the active correlator pattern, a detecting unit 210 just is responsible for a code phase.After the sheet, first detecting unit 210 of first row has had the result of first code phase when Lseq of beginning to detect, and the outlet selector 22 of first row can be chosen first detecting unit 210 of first row, and exports with serial.The time of sheet is to export the performance number of 16 code characters when therefore needing 16 altogether.And in the time of Lseq+1 during sheet, the result of second code phase has also produced, so 22 of the outlet selectors of secondary series also can choose second detecting unit 210 of first row, and sheet is exported the result when also needing 16.By that analogy, after the sheet, the result of the 17 code phase can be produced by first detecting unit 210 of second row when Lseq+17.At the same time, the outlet selector 22 of original first row is first detecting units 210 of choosing first row, sheet when having passed through 16, promptly the result of first code phase has exported and has finished, and can, also need switch to first detecting unit 210 of second row just this moment.Go down by that analogy, testing result can be delivered to this output buffer 23.In gross, when the matched filter pattern, the outlet selector 22 of each row is all fixedly chosen i capable detecting unit 210 of Lseq/16.And this advance signal detection platform is when being set in the active correlator pattern, then in the time of Lseq after the sheet, the outlet selector 22 of each row need be chosen the detecting unit 210 of the capable Lseq/16 of i in regular turn, sheet when its switching interval is 16, and the activationary time that is listed as of i+1 row and i sheet when differing.
Figure 11 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the output buffer 23 of Fig. 5, its comprise that a plurality of serials are changeed and 232 and one groups of 231,1 pairs of 1 Port Multipliers of 230,1 pairs of 1 Port Multipliers of column register (Serial-to-Parallel Register) (16-to-1 Multiplexer) (2-to-1 Multiplexer) to angie type wiring (Diagonal Wire) 233.According to preferred embodiment, these a plurality of serials change and column register 230 is 16.Each serial is changeed and column register 230 has 16 fields, is used for 16 code character detected values are changed into mode arranged side by side by the mode of serial, offers next stage Hadamard transducer 30 and uses.Figure 12 is the scalariform buffer structure figure of an embodiment of the output buffer 23 of Figure 11.When this advance signal detection platform was set in the matched filter pattern, for a code phase, the detected value of its 16 identification code characters was respectively by i capable detecting unit output of the Lseq/16 in 16 row.Sheet when the detected value output of each code character all differs one in time, therefore real, the staggered processing of imaginary part of this advance signal again, its detected value output differs in time expands sheet when being two, therefore a scalariform buffer as shown in figure 12 need be arranged, the detected value of same code phase can be exported side by side, wherein r
iRepresentative is by the detected value of i capable detecting unit output of Lseq/16, r
I, jRepresent r
iCorresponding to the output of code phase j, and R={r
1, j, r
2, j, r
3, j, L, r
16, jPromptly represented the testing result of j code phase.Figure 13 changes buffer structure figure arranged side by side for the serial of another embodiment of the output buffer 23 of Figure 11.When this advance signal detection platform was set in the active correlator pattern, the detected value of same code phase can be by same serial output, and the time of sheet when needing 16, sheet produced when the adjacent code phase result can differ one.So needing the serial of 16 fields of 16 groups of tools shown in " Figure 13 " changes and column buffer, wherein r
iThe result that representative is come by the detecting unit of the capable i row of j, r
I, jRepresent r
iIn the detected value of j code character.r
i16 detected values here in regular turn after, select these code phases by this 16 couple 1 Port Multiplier 231 again, export it to next stage Hadamard transducer 30 side by side.Figure 12 and Figure 13 are merged the output buffer 23 that promptly becomes among Figure 11, when the active correlator pattern and Figure 13 same way as with the detected value of 16 pairs 1 Port Multiplier 231 option code phase places, be expressed as R
ACWhen the matched filter pattern, then be with angie type wiring 233 (being expressed as R with the detected value of code phase as Figure 12 scalariform
MF) output.Be somebody's turn to do detected value (R from the code phase of active correlator pattern
AC) and come the detected value (R of the code phase of self-matching filter pattern
MF) select real testing result output by 2 pairs 1 Port Multipliers 232 according to its operator scheme again.
Figure 14 is the structure chart of an embodiment of the disturbing code distributor 24 of Fig. 5, and it comprises 1 pair 16 of a disturbing code generator (Scrambling Code Generator) 240, N/16 and separates 241,1 couples of N/16 of Port Multiplier (1-to-16 De-multiplexer) and separate Port Multiplier (1-to-N/16De-multiplexer) 242, N 2 pairs of 1 Port Multipliers (2-to-1 Multiplexer) 243 and N identical element register (One-bit Register) 244.This N identical element register 244 is to be used for temporary N disturbing code that detecting unit is required.This N two pairs of 1 Port Multipliers 243 lay respectively between per two identical element registers 244, are used to select the source of disturbing code, and its selection wire promptly is the control line that detects strategy pattern.For instance, when this advance signal detection platform was set in parallel active correlator pattern, two pairs 1 Port Multipliers 243 can be selected read in disturbing code by its right side disturbing code register 244, promptly as the c among the figure
i→ c
I+1This moment, all disturbing code registers 244 formed the form of a new shift register.This disturbing code generator 240 is used for producing in regular turn disturbing code.The disturbing code that produces from this disturbing code generator 240 can transmit from left to right always, i.e. C1, C2, C3 ..CN.Each disturbing code register 244 (c
i) all can have complete disturbing code transmission to go over, and sheet when on sequential, having differed to each other.Please also refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the action situation of this array of detection units 21 when parallel active correlator pattern.Here it is is used to provide array of detection units 21 when carrying out parallel active correlator strategy, the needed disturbing code of separating, the wherein c among Figure 14 in the detecting unit 210 under each code phase
iPromptly provide the disturbing code of the detecting unit of i code phase.On the other hand, when this advance signal detection platform was set in the matched filter pattern, this two couple 1 Port Multiplier 243 can be selected to separate Port Multiplier 241 by this 1 couple 16 below it and read in disturbing code.This N/16 of this moment separates Port Multiplier 242 and this 1 couple 16 separates the detecting unit that Port Multiplier 241 is used for the disturbing code that disturbing code generator 240 is produced is delivered to immediately needs.The renewal disturbing code of formula can make the matched filter strategy more flexible immediately, and time that need not be extra is upgraded disturbing code.Especially when advance signal was done the segmentation detection, the disturbing code of different segmentations was also inequality.Detect therebetween in segmentation, when disturbing code upgrades, if extra updating delay is arranged, the contraction in length that will make it possible to detect and cause and detect usefulness and reduce.It is which row that is used for selecting in N/16 the line output that this 1 couple of N/16 separates Port Multiplier 242, and 1 couple of N/16 of this row to separate 242 of Port Multipliers be to select the disturbing code of which row in this journey to upgrade again.
Be noted that, formed by this resources bank (Resource Pool) unit (not being shown among the figure) cooperation related peripheral circuit with array of detection units of a plurality of detecting units according to the feature of this advance signal detection platform of the present invention.According to the delay back and forth of different range, different detected parameters such as detection strategy, section length and number, this advance signal detection platform is by taking out the detecting unit of right quantity in the resources bank unit to constitute suitable detection framework to carry out the testing of advance signal.Therefore, this advance signal detection platform can be applied to the architecture design that advance signal detects or sign indicating number captures in any one yard branch multiple access communication system.
Figure 15 is the structure chart of an embodiment of this Hadamard transducer 30 of Fig. 3, and it comprises operational network (the Add ﹠amp of 16 addition and subtractions of one 2 pairs 1 Port Multipliers (2-to-1 Multiplexer), 31, one tool; Subtract Calculation Network) the Hadamard register of 32 and one tool, 16 fields (16-field Hadamard Register) 33.Hadamard conversion method as used herein is the quick Hadamard transformation approach of the recursion after the matrix decomposition, and 16 input values are arranged, and needs log
216=4 time recurrence.In first time during recurrence, this 2 couple 1 Port Multiplier 31 can be selected the input by input port R, after the fixed matrix operation that is included through this addition and subtraction operational network 32, is temporarily stored into this Hadamard register 33.Second and third, during four recurrence, this 2 couple 1 Port Multiplier 31 is all selected by input port R
TmpRecurrence is imported the temporary value of this Hadamard register 33 and is operated.Export the Hadamard transformation result at last
, be the power detection values of 16 groups of this advance signal identification sign indicating numbers.
Figure 16 is the structure chart of an embodiment of this power accumulator 40 of Fig. 3, and it more comprises a plurality of real imaginary part adders (Branch Combiner) 41 and a plurality of segmented power accumulator (Segment Power Accumulator) 42.According to preferred embodiment, these a plurality of real imaginary part adders 41 and a plurality of segmented power accumulator 42 are all 16.Each is used to calculate the detection power value of one group of identification sign indicating number of accumulation to corresponding real imaginary part adder 41 and segmentation accumulator 42.This reality imaginary part adder 41 more comprises a squarer (Squarer) 411, a real part register (Real-part Register) 412, reaches an adder (Adder) 413.Because output detected value from this Hadamard transducer 30
Still the mode with the staggered serial of real imaginary part exports real imaginary part adder 41 to.This squarer 411 will be from the real performance number of output detected value conversion of this Hadamard transducer 30.The power of real part is temporarily stored in real part register 412 earlier, after next imaginary part power calculation is intact, again with real part register 412 in real part power become the segmentation detection power value of this group identification sign indicating number with adder 413 additions.The segmentation detection power value of this group identification sign indicating number is given this segmentation accumulator 42 again and is done adding up of each section power on the same code phase.This segmentation accumulator 42 comprises an adder (Adder) 421 and the segment register of word more than (Multiple Field Register) 422.This register 422 is used for the power of temporary leading portion accumulation, restores after with adder 421 additions in this register 422 with next section power again.After to the last one section cumulative power added, the reception gross power of 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers of this advance signal obtained and exports to this preamble arbiter 50 of next stage.
Figure 17 is the structure chart of an embodiment of this preamble arbiter 50 of Fig. 3, and it more comprises a power critical value register (Threshold Power Value Register) 51, a plurality of comparator (Comparator) 52, a certification mark position (Detection Flag) 53 and one code phase counter (Code Phase Counter) 54.According to preferred embodiment, these a plurality of comparators 52 are 16.This power critical value register 51 is used for the upper strata control unit Writing power critical value to the advance signal detection.These 16 comparators 52 are used for comparing respectively 16 groups of power detection values on the identification sign indicating number and whether surpass power threshold,
If the power detection value on a certain group the identification sign indicating number surpasses power threshold, then its corresponding these affiliated certification mark position 53 fields are made as 1, and representative detects travelling carriage and uploads this identification sign indicating number.The code phase of the output of last certification mark position 53 and this advance signal of being produced by code phase counter 54 is sent to the upper strata control unit together.Therefore, according to the testing result of this advance signal, i.e. the code phase place of advance signal and identification sign indicating number, the base station knows that the advance signal that travelling carriage is uploaded transmits its information signal with request.
Claims (19)
1. an advance signal detection platform is used for the base station to detect an advance signal from travelling carriage, it is characterized in that it comprises:
One equal peak power ratio demodulator, it removes the equal peak power ratio modulation item of this advance signal;
One common detector is connected in this equal peak power ratio demodulator, and separating of this advance signal upset for it and the exhibition of separating detects frequently;
One Hadamard transducer is connected in this common detector, and its power detection value with the code character of this advance signal corresponds to the power detection value of a plurality of identification sign indicating numbers of this advance signal;
One power accumulator is connected in this Hadamard transducer, and its power detection value with the identification sign indicating number of this advance signal changes into the reception gross power of the identification sign indicating number of this advance signal; And
One preamble arbiter is connected in this power accumulator, and its reception gross power and critical power value with the identification sign indicating number of this advance signal is relatively big or small.
2. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this common detector comprises:
One array of detection units, it is separated under various detection strategies and parameter this advance signal and upsets and Xie Zhanpin;
One outlet selector is connected in this array of detection units, and it finds out detected value output place of this advance signal in this array of detection units according to employed detection strategy and parameter value;
One output buffer is connected in this outlet selector, and it will be kept in from the detected value of this advance signal of this outlet selector, and changes into 16 code character detected values and output side by side; And
One disturbing code distributor is connected in this array of detection units, is used for disposing disturbing code each detecting unit to this array of detection units.
3. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this array of detection units is arranged with the capable matrix-style of M row P by N detecting unit, wherein M * P=N.
4. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, this array of detection units is arranged with the capable matrix-style of 16 row N/16 by N detecting unit, and wherein each detecting unit of this array of detection units is that each code phase of distributing to this advance signal uses.
5. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, it is Lseq that the segmentation of this advance signal that this detecting unit detected detects length, and the testing result of the identification code character of the code phase of each this advance signal is by each capable detecting unit output of Lseq/16.
6. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, this detecting unit comprises:
One pattern Port Multiplier, it selects the operator scheme on this advance signal detection platform;
One adder-subtractor is connected in this pattern Port Multiplier, and it adds reducing to separate upset to the real part of this advance signal or imaginary part; And
The shift register of 32 fields of one tool is connected in this adder-subtractor, is used for postponing the time of 32 o'clock sheets with Xie Zhanpin with separating the real part of the advance signal after the upset or the value of imaginary part.
7. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this outlet selector is made up of to correspond to each this detecting unit of each row 1 Port Multiplier a plurality of N/16.
8. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, it is Lseq that the segmentation of this advance signal that this detecting unit detected detects length, and the N/16 of all row of this outlet selector chooses the output of the capable detecting unit of Lseq/16 to 1 Port Multiplier.
9. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, indivedual N/16 of this outlet selector choose this corresponding detecting unit output to 1 Port Multiplier according to the generation time of the testing result of the code phase of this advance signal.
10. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this output buffer comprises:
A plurality of serials are changeed and column register, and it keeps in the testing result of the code character of this advance signal, and change into mode arranged side by side by the mode of serial;
A pair of angie type wiring, it will be temporary in the result that this serial is changeed and the testing result of the code character of this advance signal of column register is taken out same code phase; And
One 2 pairs 1 Port Multipliers, it selects the operator scheme of this advance signal detection platform, exports side by side with the result with this this code phase that wiring is asked for out to angie type.
11. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this output buffer comprises:
A plurality of transformation from serial to parallel registers, the testing result of the code phase of its temporary this advance signal;
One 16 pairs 1 Port Multipliers, being temporary in serial changes also this code phase of column register, and the testing result of this code phase is exported side by side; And
One 2 pairs 1 Port Multipliers are selected the operator scheme of this advance signal detection platform, and the result of this code phase that this 16 couple 1 Port Multiplier is taken out exports side by side.
12. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, these a plurality of serials change and column register is 16.
13. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this disturbing code distributor comprises:
One disturbing code generator produces the required disturbing code of this detecting unit;
A plurality of identical element registers, this disturbing code that temporary this disturbing code generator is produced, parallel series is sent to needed this detecting unit; And
A plurality of 2 pairs 1 Port Multipliers are selected the operator scheme of this advance signal detection platform, the mode that enters this identical element register with this disturbing code that determines this disturbing code generator to be produced.
14. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, this disturbing code distributor comprises:
One disturbing code generator produces the required disturbing code of this detecting unit;
1 couple of N/16 separates Port Multiplier, is connected in this disturbing code generator, and it receives this disturbing code that this disturbing code generator is produced, and determines by which line output, and selects the disturbing code of which row in this row to upgrade again;
1 couple 16 of N/16 separates Port Multiplier, is connected in this 1 couple of N/16 and separates Port Multiplier, is used for the disturbing code of separating Port Multiplier from this 1 couple of N/16 is delivered to the detecting unit of these needs;
A plurality of identical element registers are connected in this 1 couple 16 and separate Port Multiplier, will separate the disturbing code of Port Multiplier from this 1 couple 16, and serial transfer is to needed this detecting unit; And
A plurality of 2 pairs 1 Port Multipliers, each 2 pairs 1 Port Multiplier is connected between two identical element registers, selects the operator scheme of this advance signal detection platform, the mode that enters this identical element register with this disturbing code that determines this disturbing code generator to be produced.
15. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this power accumulator comprises:
A plurality of real imaginary part adders change into real segmented power detected value with the real imaginary part segmentation power detection value of this identification sign indicating number of this advance signal; And
A plurality of segmentation accumulators come the rate of doing work to add up with same code phase this real segmented power detected value of this reality imaginary part adder gained, with the reception gross power detected value of this identification sign indicating number of obtaining this advance signal.
16. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, this reality imaginary part adder comprises:
One squarer is operated this real imaginary part segmentation power detection value of recognizing sign indicating number of advance signal;
One real part register is connected in this squarer, and the power of the real part of temporary this squarer gained is to wait for next imaginary part power calculation; And
One adder is connected in this real part register, the imaginary part power and the real part power addition in this real part register of calculating is become the segmented power detected value of this identification sign indicating number.
17. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, this segmentation accumulator comprises:
One adder,
The register of a plurality of fields of one tool, be connected in adder, the segmentation cumulative power of temporary this identification sign indicating number, again with next section should identification sign indicating number the segmented power detected value restore after with this adder addition in this register, the segmented power detected value of one section this identification to the last yard add up into after export.
18. advance signal detection platform as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, this preamble arbiter comprises:
One power critical value register stores a power threshold;
A plurality of comparators, it compares reception gross power and this power threshold from 16 groups of identification sign indicating numbers of this advance signal of this power accumulator output;
One certification mark position, its certification mark bit field that it is corresponding is made as 1, when the reception gross powers of 16 groups of this advance signal identification sign indicating numbers surpass this power threshold, detects the identification sign indicating number that is used to upload in this advance signal with representative; And
One code phase counter is sent to detected this code phase the upper strata control unit of this advance signal detection platform along with the testing result of this certification mark position.
19. a common detector is used for the base station to detect an advance signal from travelling carriage, it is characterized in that, comprises at least:
One array of detection units has a plurality of detecting units, and it separates the detection of upset and Xie Zhanpin to advance signal;
One outlet selector is connected in this array of detection units, is according to employed detection strategy and parameter value, finds out detected value output place of this advance signal in this array of detection units;
One output buffer is connected in this outlet selector, and it will be kept in from the detected value of this advance signal of this outlet selector, and changes into 16 code character detected values and output side by side;
One disturbing code distributor is connected in this array of detection units, its configuration disturbing code each detecting unit to this array of detection units; And
One resources bank unit, it is according under various detection strategies and parameter, to control in this common detector with this detecting unit of taking out right quantity to constitute suitable detection framework to carry out the detection of this advance signal.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB02146071XA CN100459748C (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-10-25 | Preliminary signal detection platform |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5440267A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1995-08-08 | Nec Corporation | Demodulator |
| CN1310524A (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-08-29 | 朗迅科技公司 | Precode detector for CDMA receiver |
-
2002
- 2002-10-25 CN CNB02146071XA patent/CN100459748C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5440267A (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1995-08-08 | Nec Corporation | Demodulator |
| CN1310524A (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-08-29 | 朗迅科技公司 | Precode detector for CDMA receiver |
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