CN100455407C - Rolling bearing, grease replenishing device, main shaft device, grease replenishing method, and grease replenishing program - Google Patents

Rolling bearing, grease replenishing device, main shaft device, grease replenishing method, and grease replenishing program Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100455407C
CN100455407C CNB038230127A CN03823012A CN100455407C CN 100455407 C CN100455407 C CN 100455407C CN B038230127 A CNB038230127 A CN B038230127A CN 03823012 A CN03823012 A CN 03823012A CN 100455407 C CN100455407 C CN 100455407C
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China
Prior art keywords
grease
main shaft
lubricating grease
bearing
outer ring
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CNB038230127A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1894515A (en
Inventor
松山直树
安积三郎
小岩有
青木满穗
森田康司
稻垣好史
杉田澄雄
稻叶坚
矢仓健二
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/6685—Details of collecting or draining, e.g. returning the liquid to a sump

Abstract

A main shaft device comprising a rolling bearing rotatably supporting a main shaft in a housing and consisting of an outer ring having an outer ring raceway surface in its inner peripheral surface, an inner ring having an inner ring raceway surface in its outer peripheral surface, and rolling elements rollably installed between the outer and inner ring raceway surfaces, and a grease replenishing device replenishing grease into the rolling bearing, the main shaft device being characterized in that the grease replenishing device replenishes grease so that a single replenishing amount is 0.004 cc - 0.1 cc.

Description

Rolling bearing, main shaft device
Technical field
The present invention relates to support the main shaft etc. of working equipment or high-speed electric expreess locomotive rolling bearing, use lubricating grease to make the lubricated grease replenishing device of rolling bearing and use the main shaft device of this grease replenishing device.In addition, the present invention relates to the grease replenishing method and the grease replenishing program of supply lubricating grease.
Background technology
On the working equipment bearing for spindle, be the raising operating accuracy, and require characteristics such as vibration, the sound good.In addition, to the working equipment bearing for spindle, require to adopt to be easy to use and the favourable lubricating grease in environment aspect or cost aspect, and realize high speed rotatory, high life.
The rolling bearing that is used for the grease lubrication of working equipment main shaft only is lubricated with the lubricating grease of enclosing in the early stage usually, not make its heating.Directly carry out high speed when not being lubricated the running in of fat when rotating, can cause abnormal heating,, make lubricating grease reach optimum state so need carry out a few hours running in owing to the engaging-in of lubricating grease or stirring impedance in the initial stage of enclosing lubricating grease.
In recent years, the high speed of working equipment main shaft advances day by day, and it is common that the bearing of supporting spindle uses under the environment of dmN (=(bearing bore diameter+bearing outside diameter) ÷ 2 * rotary speed (rpm)) more than 1,000,000.Compare with oil lubrications such as oil gas or mist of oils, the rolling bearing of grease lubrication has the tendency of the lost of life down of rotation at a high speed.When using grease lubrication, before reaching the rolling fatigue life of bearing, will cause the bearing sintering because of the lubricating grease deterioration.When rotating speed significantly raises, will produce sintering in early days because of lubricating grease deterioration or oil film form deficiency at short notice.
Therefore, for seeking the long lifetime of bearing, and motion has following method, inner ring at bearing forms recess, and in this recess, give and store earlier lubricating grease, with the lubricating grease stored to bearing supply (for example open flat 1-67331 communique, spy are opened flat 4-132220 communique, the spy opens flat 6-35659 communique) with reference to the spy.
In addition, for seeking the long lifetime of bearing, also motion has following method, forms recess on the main shaft that embeds bearing, and in this recess, give and store earlier lubricating grease, with the lubricating grease stored in this recess to bearing supply (for example opening flat 6-35653 communique) with reference to the spy.
In addition, the people is for addressing this problem in application, opens the spy and has proposed following rolling bearing among the 2003-113846, this rolling bearing is the rolling bearing by grease lubrication, charging hole is set on the outer ring, is situated between by this charging hole supply lubricating grease, increment once is 0.1～4% of a bearing space volume.According to this rolling bearing, the unusual intensification of the bearing that can suppress to rotate prevents the generation of sintering.Therefore, open the rolling bearing of putting down in writing among the 2003-113846, can avoid unusual intensification, can not implement running in according to the spy.
But, open in the rolling bearing of putting down in writing among the 2003-113846 the spy, though can one time increment be 0.1～4% mode supply lubricating grease of bearing space volume, thereby do not produce unusual intensification, but at an increment of lubricating grease for a long time, might produce the fluctuation of temperature.
For estimating the fluctuation of this temperature, carried out evaluation test, the result shows: in the angular contact ball bearing of internal diameter 65mm, when a supply during lubricating grease of more than 1% of supply bearing space volume (1% of bearing space volume is equivalent to 0.15cc), the temperature fluctuation that produces 1 ℃～2 ℃ of degree in the moment of supply.
This temperature fluctuation is no problem when the common use that does not require precision, but towards the working equipment of mould purposes etc., be strict with in the rolling bearing that uses in the device main shaft of precision, the fluctuation of this temperature might cause the length variations of axle, and machining accuracy is exerted an influence.
In addition, in the supply of lubricating grease, for preventing the superfluous supply of lubricating grease, and benefit fat device has been proposed, its only detect bearing when unusual supply append lubricating grease (open clear 63-53397 communique and specially permit communique No. 3167034) with reference to the spy.
But, because described device produces unusual back supply at bearing and appends lubricating grease, so the moment bearing that appends lubricating grease in supply might be damaged.The damage of bearing becomes the reason of the axle runout precision reduction of working equipment, and the machining accuracy of working equipment reduces.Therefore, general grease replenishing device is to be benchmark with the extreme conditions under the bearing environment for use, every certain supply supply lubricating grease at interval, because of insufficient lubrication bearing is not produced any damage.
But, with extreme conditions under the bearing environment for use is benchmark, set device for supplying, with every the supply of regulation at interval during supply lubricating grease, even device for supplying is when the service condition of bearing is not too abominable, also, has the superfluous such problem of lubricating grease that produces to the lubricating grease of the inner supply surplus of bearing.
For example, the test of carrying out according to the applicant, when the axle of the diameter of axle 65mm that makes the bearing supporting with rotary speed 22000min -1When rotating under not giving the state of fat, caused the lubricating grease deterioration at 100 hours, bearing sustains damage, with 18000min -1When carrying out not rotating, be that 1000 hours bearings sustain damage at its 10 times to fat.Therefore, supply at regular intervals service condition not condition of severe be poor efficiency, can cause the invalid increase of supply number of times.In addition, the superfluous lubricating grease of the increase supply by this supply number of times makes the bearing temperature instability.
In addition, in described setting, do not consider the operating condition of bearing and supply lubricating grease.Therefore, to also supply lubricating grease constantly in the bearing that stops.Therefore, when the bearing after stopping to rerun, the lubricating grease that appends can increase the stirring impedance of lubricating grease, thereby caused that rapid temperature rises.
In addition, in the supervision lubricating arrangement there be as can be known with lower device the device of lubricating oil discharge state.
1, in lubricating arrangement, in jar (pump), store lubricating oil, detect from the pressure of the lubricating oil of valve (metered dose piston pump) discharge, monitor whether it is positioned at the lube system working pressure scope (opening the 2003-113846 communique with reference to the spy) that is connected with valve.
2, detect the piston action of mechanical type metered dose piston pump, whether monitor removal of lubricant (opening flat 5-87293 communique) with reference to the spy.
3, the part of the heating lubricating oil of discharging in pipe arrangement from mechanical type metered dose piston pump detects the motion of the lubricating oil after the heating, monitors the discharge situation (with reference to real fair 6-29742 communique) of lubricating oil.
4, detect lubricating grease by the temperature of generating heat during to bearing arrangement, the discharge state (opening flat 11-270789 communique) of supervision lubricating grease with reference to the spy to fat.
Grease replenishing device 1640 shown in Figure 113 is by opening valve (magnetic valve) 1641, to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1642 air supplies, quantitatively piston 1642a work is to being used for discharging lubricating grease Gr in the pipe arrangement 1644 of bearing 1643 supply lubricating grease.Then, to the bearing arrangement supply lubricating grease of axle inside.In addition, by opening valve (magnetic valve) 1641, air supply in grease box 1645 is to 1646 pressurizations of the piston in the jar.
By shut off valve (magnetic valve) 1641, do not supply air to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1642, quantitatively piston 1642a reduction.At this moment, can not take off pressure to the piston air pressurized in the grease box because of the impedance body 1649 that is installed in the grease box, the lubricating grease Gr in the grease box 1645 supplies with lubricating grease to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1642.
By carrying out above action repeatedly, off and on to inner trace of bearing arrangement and quantitative supply lubricating grease.
But, when the lubricating grease of the grease box of storing the lubricating grease of supplying with to mechanical type metered dose piston pump is used up, just can not supply with lubricating grease from mechanical type metered dose piston pump, bearing will produce insufficient lubrication, makes bearing produce sintering.
In addition, when mechanical type metered dose piston pump is carried, close magnetic valve, during the reduction of mechanical type metered dose piston pump, the lubricating grease in grease box is not exerted pressure, in this case, do not supply with lubricating grease to mechanical type metered dose piston pump, do not discharge lubricating grease, therefore from mechanical type metered dose piston pump from grease box, bearing produces insufficient lubrication, produces sintering on bearing.
In addition, as general industry grease replenishing device, the grease replenishing device 1650 shown in Figure 114 is to use the external force energy that gives from the air outside supply source to be lubricated the impedance type air operated pump formula device for supplying of fat supply.
In the grease replenishing device 1650, be communicated with connection air supply source in an end of grease box 1651, simultaneously, be communicated with connection grease replenishing pipe arrangement 1652 in the other end of grease box 165.Grease replenishing is with in the pipe arrangement 1652, and base end part is communicated with the outlet 1653 of grease box 1651, and at leading section nozzle 1654 is set.Nozzle 1654 is configured in the sidepiece of the bearing arrangement 1655 with ball bearing or cylinder roller bearing.
In such grease replenishing device 1650, by the piston 1656 in the grease box 1651 being exerted pressure with the regular hour, the lubricating grease of storing in grease box 1,651 1657 is transported to nozzle 1654 by outlet 1653, grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1652, and is discharged in the bearing space of bearing arrangement 1655 (reference (strain) サ Application エ イ テ for example from nozzle 1654 StarNetwork " the EFD liquor is discharged system specification " (the 4th page～the 17th page)).
Other structure as described grease replenishing device, grease replenishing device 1660 shown in Figure 115 has the structure identical with the grease replenishing device 1650 shown in Figure 114, is to use the external force energy that gives from the extraneous air supply source to be lubricated the impedance type air operated pump formula device for supplying of fat supply.
In the grease replenishing device 1660, be connected with the air supply source, simultaneously, be connected with grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1662 at the other end of grease box 1661 in an end of grease box 1661.Grease replenishing is with in the pipe arrangement 1662, base end part is communicated with the outlet 1663 of grease box 1661, and leading section is connected the grease replenishing hole 1667 that 1666 diametric(al) forms in the outer ring in the bearing arrangement 1665 with ball bearing or cylinder roller bearing etc.
In such grease replenishing device 1660, by give piston 1668 pressure in the grease box 1661 with certain hour, the lubricating grease of storing 1669 is transferred with pipe arrangement 1662, grease replenishing hole 1667 by outlet 1663, grease replenishing, and is discharged in the bearing space of bearing arrangement 1665 (reference (strain) サ Application エ イ テ for example by grease replenishing hole 1667 from the outer ring outer diameter part StarNetwork " the EFD liquor is discharged system specification " (the 4th page～the 17th page)).
As other structure of described grease replenishing device, the grease replenishing device 1670 shown in Figure 116 is to use the external force energy that produces by the motor prime movers to be lubricated the mechanically driven pump formula device for supplying of fat supply.
In the grease replenishing device 1670, motor 1672 is housed in grease box 1671, on the output shaft of motor 1672, is provided with pin thread 1673.And, on the pin thread 1673 of output shaft, screw togather the pin thread 1675 of piston 1674.
Be connected with grease replenishing pipe arrangement 1676 in the end of grease box 1671, grease replenishing is with in the pipe arrangement 1676, and base end part is communicated with the outlet 1677 of grease box 1671, and leading section is provided with nozzle 1678.Nozzle 1678 is configured in the sidepiece of the bearing arrangement 1679 with ball bearing or cylinder roller bearing etc.
In such grease replenishing device 1670, make the output shaft rotation by supplying with electric current to motor 1672, by the rotation that utilizes output shaft piston 1674 is advanced in grease box 1671, with 1680 pressurizations of the lubricating grease in the grease box 1671, lubricating grease 1680 is transported to nozzle 1678 by outlet 1677, grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1676, is discharged to from nozzle 1678 in the bearing space of bearing arrangement 1679.Grease replenishing is identical with Figure 115 with pipe arrangement 1676, also be connected in the grease replenishing hole that the race diameter direction forms in the bearing arrangement 1679, thereby in bearing space, discharge lubricating grease 1680 (for example with reference to ING business (strain) " the automatically continuous oil feeder of Germany's system " perma (the 2nd page～the 4th page)) from the outer ring outer diameter part.
But, in grease replenishing device 1650,1660,1670, according to the part of lubricating grease pressurization to the internal diameter of the pipe arrangement of bearing or length, nozzle form, and condition such as temperature, the discharge rate of lubricating grease produces big change, so when these conditions change, must control to adjust pressing time, be difficult to carry out the discharge of stable lubricating grease lubricating grease.
In addition, in grease replenishing device 1670, be positioned at from part and produce residual voltage, though be that trace has mobile tendency to the lubricating grease of the pipe arrangement of bearing is long-time to lubricating grease pressurization.Therefore, in pipe arrangement, near the pipe arrangement internal diameter and near the pipe arrangement center, the mobile generation change of lubricating grease.And when being placed for a long time under this state, lubricating grease produces and divides oil, has the different lubricating grease of denseness in the pipe arrangement, can not carry out quantitative discharge.
In addition, in grease replenishing device 1670, according to the grease replenishing of outlet 1677 back segments shape, even might driven plunger 1674 with pipe arrangement 1676, also can not discharge lubricating grease 1680 because of the pipe internal resistance, its pressure might make grease box 1671 expand.
In addition, open the technology that has management to pollute in the 2000-288870 communique as can be known, invade the bearing portion of main shaft device not make foreign matters such as dust, liquid the spy.But even carry out such management, the life-span of lubricating grease is also limited, can not obtain the long-life identical with oil-air lubrication or fog lubrication.
In addition, spy applicant's motion opens in the technology of 2003-113846, though can be with the lubricating grease long lifetime, when not cooling off, heat up and to reach 70～80 ℃ in the outer ring under dmN180 ten thousand levels, might cause sintering because of the oxidative degradation of lubricating grease or oil film form deficiency.
For suppressing heating, rotation uses base oil viscosity to be equivalent to the lubricating grease of VG22 with lubricating grease more at a high speed.The Aesop Fu Liekesi NBU15 of the general NOK of use Network リ ユ one バ one society's system when rotating with high speed as the working equipment main shaft.This grease base oil viscosity is 20mm 2/ s (40 ℃).When bearing temperature reached 70～80 ℃, the kinetic viscosity of base oil became 6～8mm 2/ s is difficult to guarantee oil film.
In addition, in the main shaft device of working equipment, when the bearing of cutting fluid in main shaft device is invaded in the outside is inner, the lubrication performance deteriorates of main shaft bearing, can produce sintering, so in labyrinth sealing or the air seal (for example reference is opened flat 4-90770 communique in fact, the spy opens the 2002-239867 communique) shown in the Figure 117 that invades anti-locking apparatus from main shaft and the gap of overlapping front end to the cutting fluid immersion area configurations of bearing as cutting fluid.
But these cutting fluids are invaded the intrusion that anti-locking apparatus can not prevent cutting fluid fully.
Therefore, shown in Figure 118, provide and on bearing, disposed the cutting fluid detecting sensor to detect the bearing (for example opening the 2002-206528 communique) of invading the cutting fluid in the bearing with reference to the spy.
But, have cutting fluid in the flat 4-90770 communique to the inner problem of invading of main shaft device real opening.In addition, open the main axis rotation of passing through of 2002-239867 communique the spy and discharge the method for foreign matter from outage, when rotary speed reduced, the discharge ability will reduce.In addition, the sensor that bearing inside is located in the utilization that the spy opens the 2002-206528 communique detects the method that cutting fluid invades to carry out after cutting fluid has been invaded bearing inside, thus can produce the bearing sintering or must carry out bearing replacing or disassemble, maintenance such as cleaning.Particularly when grease lubrication, when invading cutting fluid in the lubricating grease of once enclosing, lubricating grease will be cut liquid and wash off, and bearing will be damaged, and this much sees.
In addition, shown in Figure 119, proposed: on outer ring spacer ring 1711, form the storage space 1712 of lubricant, will be to the lubricant of bearing internal feed to the outside bearing arrangement 1701 of discharging of bearing.
In this bearing arrangement 1701, can regularly attract to be stored in the lubricant of discharging in the space 1714,1712.
In addition, symbol 1715 is lubricant supply holes among Figure 119, the 1716th, and cover, the 1717th, inner ring spacer ring, the 1718th, ball, the 1719th, outer ring, the 1720th, inner ring.
In the bearing arrangement 1702 shown in Figure 120, at the one-sided plate 1721 that is equipped with of bearing 1713, lubricant flows to the bigger space 1722 with plate 1721 opposition sides.In addition, the symbol among Figure 120 1723 is outer ring spacer rings.
But, in the above-mentioned bearing arrangement 1701,1702 (with reference to Figure 119 and Figure 120), by to utilizing the continuous further supply of lubricant in the bearing space that is full of lubricant of supplying with, lubricant is pushed to the outside of bearing arrangement 1701,1702, so little to the strength of the outside discharge of bearing lubricant.
Therefore, can not be full of the storage space 1712 that is formed on the outer ring spacer ring 1711 by the lubricant of discharging, long-time sustaining supply lubricant is difficult.
In addition, be used to from the attraction of bearing arrangement outside when lubricant is discharged in the outside of bearing arrangement 1701,1702, to be difficult to all remove the lubricant of bearing arrangement 1701,1702 inside.
In addition, shown in Figure 121, considered following method, promptly from the outside to the bearing 1752 supply lubricating grease that embed outer rings 1753 at cover 1751.
As the one example bearing grease device for supplying 1750 is arranged as can be known, on cover 1751, connect lubricating grease complementary apertures 1754 is set, and aim at, on outer ring 1753, connect charging hole 1755 is set with this lubricating grease complementary apertures 1754.
Grease replenishing device 1750 according to bearing, being situated between on grease replenishing hole 1754 has grease replenishing device (not shown) by grease replenishing with pipe arrangement, can utilize grease replenishing device to be situated between by grease replenishing pipe arrangement, lubricating grease complementary apertures 1754 and charging hole 1755 to bearing 1752 supplemental lubrication fat.But, in described structure, when bearing being packed into cover, must expend the time of the contraposition of carrying out charging hole 1755 and grease replenishing hole 1754.
Therefore, though also can on the outer ring, form charging hole to the inner supply lubricating grease of bearing, periphery in the outer ring forms the endless groove that comprises charging hole, or in cover, week form the endless groove that faces charging hole, being formed on when assembling needn't alignment sleeve and the structure of the phase place of bearing, but in above structure, for from the cover the lubricating grease complementary apertures by endless groove from the outer ring charging hole to bearing internal feed lubricating grease, below 3 be important.
(i) relation of the cross-sectional area of endless groove and endless groove section girth
The (ii) cover and the gap width of bearing outer ring
The (iii) outer diametric plane except that endless groove of bearing outer ring and the cover length of joining vertically
When the value of (i) hour, lubricating grease forms resistance during by endless groove, can not arrive the outer ring charging hole, and lubricating grease can not supply to bearing inside.
When (ii) value is big, because the lubricating grease that flows at endless groove spills from the gap of cover and bearing outer ring, and is discharged to the bearing outside, so can not be from the outer ring charging hole to bearing internal feed lubricating grease.
When (iii) value hour, the lubricating grease that flows at endless groove spills from the gap of cover and bearing outer ring, and is discharged to the bearing outside, so can not be from the outer ring charging hole to bearing internal feed lubricating grease.
Summary of the invention
The present invention develops in view of described problem points, and first purpose is, a kind of rolling bearing, grease replenishing device, main shaft device, grease replenishing method and grease replenishing program are provided, when lubricating grease is supplied with, the high speed rotation can be carried out, simultaneously, the bearing long lifetime can be made.
Especially, the invention provides a kind of rolling bearing, grease replenishing device, main shaft device, grease replenishing method and grease replenishing program, the fluctuation of temperature in the time of can suppressing lubricating grease and supply with, at short notice carry out bearing assembly operation, alleviate the operator burden, can not be subjected to pipe arrangement to discharge the quantitative supply of trace and quantitative lubricating grease off and on with influencing.
In addition, the objective of the invention is to, a kind of main shaft device is provided, before cutting fluid is invaded bearing inside, detect the intrusion of cutting fluid to main shaft device inside, can long-time arrestment operation and stable and keep the greasy property of main shaft bearing for a long time.
The present invention also aims to, a kind of main shaft device is provided, the lubricant that sustainable discharge is supplied with, stable carrying out moves for a long time continuously, in addition, can keep in repair and be easy to stable lubricant supply reliably to the outside lubricant of discharging of main shaft device, keep good lubricating status, and can realize the long lifetime of bearing.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following structure.
(1), a kind of main shaft device is provided, it comprises: can rotate the rolling bearing of supporting spindle and to the grease replenishing device of the inside of described rolling bearing supply lubricating grease, wherein, rolling bearing comprises: inner peripheral surface has the outer ring of outer race track face in cover; Outer peripheral face has the inner ring of inner race track face; The rolling element that between described outer race track face and described inner race track face, rolls and be provided with freely, described main shaft device is characterised in that, the described lubricating grease of described grease replenishing device supply, increment once is 0.004cc～0.1cc, to described rolling element or the direct supply lubricating grease of retainer spigot surface.
(2), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing device comprises the charging hole of being located on the described outer ring.
(3), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described main shaft device also has the outer ring spacer ring, described grease replenishing device is included in the charging hole that is provided with on the spacer ring of described outer ring.
(4), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing device is included in the described charging hole that puts setting.
(5), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, described main shaft device also is included near at least one rotary body that disposes the side of described inner ring or described outer ring, by the rotation of described rotary body lubricating grease is discharged to the outside of described rolling bearing.
(6), as (5) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that the described storage space that is provided with the lubricating grease of store discharging that puts.
(7), as (6) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that it has from described storage space to outside at least one tap of discharging lubricating grease of described main shaft device, can store lubricating grease in this tap.
(8), as any described main shaft device of (5)～(7), it is characterized in that described rotary body is the flange that forms at least one in the guard ring of inner ring spacer ring, described inner ring, described rolling bearing.
(9), as (7) or (8) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, can be by discharging lubricating grease to other fluid that described tap flows into outside the lubricating grease from the outside.
(10), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described main shaft device has the turn-sensitive device that detects described main axis rotation speed, described grease replenishing device according to described rotary speed to the inside of described rolling bearing supply lubricating grease.
(11), as (10) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device is divided into a plurality of zones with rotary speed, on each described zone, set addition calculated value, and at the described addition calculated value of the corresponding described rotary speed of measuring of each accumulative total unit interval, obtain aggregate-value, reach setting or described setting when above at described aggregate-value, supply lubricating grease.
(12), as (11) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing device is removed described aggregate-value when supply lubricating grease, and the number of purge of the described aggregate-value of accumulative total.
(13), as (11) or (12) described main shaft device, described grease replenishing device is made as 0 with addition calculated value when described axle stops, not adding up.
(14), as any described main shaft device in (10)～(13), it is characterized in that, the following control of described grease replenishing device, lubricating grease residual quantity in described grease replenishing device reaches setting or its when following, makes the rotary speed of described main shaft be equal to or less than predetermined rotational speed.
(15), as any described main shaft device in (11)～(13), it is characterized in that, the following control of described grease replenishing device, when the lubricating grease residual quantity in described grease replenishing device is equal to or less than setting, make the rotary speed of described main shaft be equal to or less than predetermined rotational speed, described predetermined rotational speed is arranged in next rotary speed zone in the high rotation speed zone in described a plurality of zones.
(16), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing device comprises: have check-valves and quantitatively discharge piston, be used to discharge the mechanical type metered dose piston pump of described lubricating grease; Store the grease box of described lubricating grease; Grease box inner carrier to the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the described grease box; Be located in the described grease box and monitor the sensor of lubricating grease residual quantity.
(17), as (16) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described sensor has the magnet that is installed on the described grease box inner carrier.
(18), as (16) or (17) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, be provided with the sensor of the lubricating grease pressure in the lubricating grease pipe arrangement that monitors the lubricating grease pressure in the described grease box or connect described mechanical type metered dose piston pump and described grease box.
(19), as any described main shaft device in (16)～(18), it is characterized in that, for carrying out stroke at described mechanical type metered dose piston pump, after discharging lubricating grease, under the state of described quantitative discharge piston reduction, to the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the described grease box, be provided with the mechanism that on described grease box inner carrier, keep-ups pressure in the certain hour.
(20), as any described main shaft device in (16)～(19), it is characterized in that described sensor is detecting when unusual, controls the upper limit of described main axis rotation speed.
(21), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing device has mechanical type metered dose piston pump, this piston pump comprises: the grease box of storing described lubricating grease; Take in the driving cylinder that gives the quantitative lubricating grease of supplying with from described grease box; The quantitative discharge piston that can in described driving cylinder, move back and forth, its quantitative lubricating grease that will be accommodated in this driving cylinder is discharged to grease replenishing with in the pipe arrangement; Be configured in the check-valves of described driving cylinder end.
(22), as (21) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described mechanical type metered dose piston pump has the valve of feeding medium in described driving cylinder, described quantitative discharge piston is by the described media drive of supplying with from described valve.
(23), as (21) or (22) any described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing pipe arrangement is a polyfluortetraethylene pipe.
(24), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, also comprise: to described cover internal feed cooling fluid, the cooling assigned position cooling device; Have the rotor that is set on the described main shaft and reach the motor that is oppositely arranged on the stator on the described cover inner peripheral surface with described rotor, described main shaft is by described motor-driven, described cooling device can cool off described stator, simultaneously, can cool off the described at least outer ring of described rolling bearing.
(25), as (24) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described cooling device supplies to described main shaft inside with described cooling fluid, and make of the vertical circulation of described cooling fluid, thereby can cool off described main shaft along described main shaft.
(26), as (24) or (25) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that having the cooling fluid retracting device of the described cooling fluid that recovery discharges from described main shaft and described cover.
(27), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, described rolling bearing has and forms in described outer ring and form and comprise the endless groove of described charging hole, the cross-sectional area (mm of described endless groove at least one charging hole of the inner supply lubricating grease of described rolling bearing with in described outer ring periphery 2) be equal to or greater than 0.25mm divided by the value of section girth (mm) gained of described endless groove.
(28), as (1) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, described rolling bearing has and forms in described outer ring and at least one charging hole of the inner supply lubricating grease of described rolling bearing, described cover has the endless groove that forms and face described charging hole within it week, described endless groove cross-sectional area (mm 2) be equal to or greater than 0.25mm divided by the value of section girth (mm) gained of described endless groove.
(29), as (27) or (28) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, in the periphery of described outer ring or the interior week of described cover, be formed with the pair of outside annular groove in the axial both sides of described charging hole, be embedded in O type sealing ring at described a pair of annular groove.
(30), as (27) or (28) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that the gap of the interior week of described cover and the periphery of described outer ring is equal to or less than 30 μ m, the length of the part that the outer diametric plane of described outer ring and described cover join vertically is equal to or less than 1mm.
(31), as any described main shaft device in (1)～(30), it is characterized in that described main shaft is the working equipment main shaft.
(32), as any main shaft device of stating in (1)～(30), it is characterized in that described main shaft is the used in high-speed motor main shaft.
(33), a kind of main shaft device, it is characterized in that, comprise: rolling bearing, it is rotatably at cover internal support main shaft, the side face that included have the outer race track face the outer ring, outer peripheral face have the inner race track face inner ring, rolling is arranged on rolling element between described outer race track face and the described inner race track face freely; Lubricant is supplied with pathway, its from the outside to the internal feed lubricant of described rolling bearing; Rotary body, it is configured near the side of described inner ring or described outer ring, described lubricant is discharged to the outside of described swivel bearing by the rotation of described rotary body.
(34), as (33) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, at the described storage space that is provided with the lubricant of store discharging that puts.
(35), as (34) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that having from described storage space to outside at least one tap of discharging described lubricant of described main shaft device, in this tap, store described lubricant.
(36), as (34) or (35) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described rotary body is the flange that forms at least one of the guard ring of inner ring spacer ring, described inner ring, described rolling bearing.
(37), as any described main shaft device in (34)～(36), can discharge described lubricant by will the fluid different from the outside flowing into described tap with described lubricant.
(38), as any described main shaft device in (33)～(37), it is characterized in that described main shaft is the working equipment main shaft.
(39), as any described main shaft device in (33)～(37), it is characterized in that described main shaft is the used in high-speed motor main shaft.
(40), a kind of main shaft device, it is characterized in that, immerse the zone in gap to the cutting fluid of rolling bearing and be equipped with the cutting fluid detecting sensor from main shaft and cover front end.
(41), as (40) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, described cutting fluid detecting sensor is provided in from labyrinth sealing to the described rolling bearing.
(42), as (40) or (41) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, immerse regional opening discharge opeing path in described cutting fluid, and on this discharge opeing path, set the cutting fluid detecting sensor.
(43), as any described main shaft device in (40)～(42), it is characterized in that, on described discharge opeing path, be equipped with dump valve.
(44), as (43) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that, make described dump valve work based on the detection signal of described cutting fluid detecting sensor, immerse the zone from described cutting fluid and discharge cutting fluid.
(45), as any described main shaft device in (40)～(44), it is characterized in that, on described rolling bearing, form the lubricant supply hole, simultaneously, this lubricant supply hole is connected to feeding lubricating device, and make described feeding lubricating device work based on the detection signal of described cutting fluid detecting sensor, to described rolling bearing supply of lubricant.
(46), as (40) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that it is used to have the working equipment that the signal that is limited to according to described cutting fluid detecting sensor can not make the function of the service condition that described rolling bearing sustains damage.
(47), as each described main shaft device of (40)～(46), it is characterized in that having the warning device of warning demonstration based on the detection signal of described cutting fluid detecting sensor.
(48), a kind of main shaft device, it comprises: the cover of outer embedding rolling bearing; The main shaft of the described rolling bearing of break-through; Bearing space to described rolling bearing is supplied with lubricating grease, is lubricated the grease replenishing device of grease lubrication; Internal feed cooling fluid to described cover, the cooling device of cooling assigned position, wherein, utilization has the rotor that is arranged on the described main shaft and reaches the described main shaft of motor-driven that is arranged on the stator of described cover inner peripheral surface with described rotor subtend, it is characterized in that, described cooling device can cool off described stator, simultaneously, can cool off the bearing of fixation side at least of described rolling bearing.
(49), as (48) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described cooling device is by to the described cooling fluid of described main shaft internal feed, and, can cool off described main shaft along the described cooling fluid circulation of vertically making of described main shaft.
(50), as (48) or (49) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that having the cooling fluid retracting device of the described cooling fluid that recovery discharges from described main shaft and described cover.
(51), as any described main shaft device in (48)～(50), it is characterized in that described main shaft is the working equipment main shaft.
(52), as any described main shaft device in (48)～(50), it is characterized in that described main shaft is the used in high-speed motor main shaft.
(53), a kind of grease replenishing device, it is the rolling bearing grease replenishing device, it has the grease replenishing mechanism to the inner supply lubricating grease of rolling bearing, this rolling bearing comprises: the outer ring that has the outer race track face at inner peripheral surface; The inner ring that has the inner race track face at outer peripheral face; Being rolled is arranged on rolling element between described outer race track face and the described inner race track face freely, and described grease replenishing device is characterised in that, described grease replenishing mechanism supply lubricating grease, and making increment once is 0.004cc～0.1cc.
(54), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that the charging hole that is provided with in described outer ring is contained in described grease replenishing mechanism.
(55), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing mechanism is contained near the charging hole that is provided with on the outer ring spacer ring of described rolling bearing.
(56), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described rolling bearing is that described rolling element is the roller bearing of roller.
(57), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, described rolling bearing has contact angle, be that described rolling element is the angular contact ball bearing of ball, the charging hole of the position of departing from the contact site that contacts with described ball that is opened on described outer race track face is contained in described grease replenishing mechanism.
(58), as each described grease replenishing device of (53)～(57), it is characterized in that the diameter of described charging hole is in the scope of 0.1～5mm.
(59), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described rolling bearing rotates supporting spindle freely, it also has the control device according to the pipeline time of the described lubricating grease of the rotary speed of described main shaft control supply.
(60), as (59) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, in the described control device, rotary speed is divided into a plurality of zones, set addition calculated value in each described zone,, obtain aggregate-value at the described addition calculated value of the corresponding described rotary speed of measuring of each unit interval accumulative total, when described aggregate-value is equal to or greater than setting, indicate described grease replenishing mechanism supply lubricating grease.
(61), as (60) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described control device is removed described aggregate-value when supply is lubricated, and the number of purge of the described aggregate-value of accumulative total.
(62), as (60) or (61) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that it is 0 that described control device is set addition calculated value, does not add up when described main shaft stops.
(63), as any described grease replenishing device in (59)～(62), it is characterized in that, when described control device was equal to or less than setting in the in-house lubricating grease residual quantity of described grease replenishing, the rotary speed of controlling described axle was equal to or less than predetermined rotational speed.
(64), as any described grease replenishing device in (60)～(62), it is characterized in that, when described control device is equal to or less than setting in the in-house lubricating grease residual quantity of described grease replenishing, the rotary speed of controlling described axle is equal to or less than predetermined rotational speed, and described predetermined rotational speed is arranged in next rotary speed zone in high rotation speed zone, described a plurality of zone.
(65), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing mechanism comprises: have check-valves and quantitatively discharge piston, and be used to discharge the mechanical type metered dose piston pump of lubricating grease; Store the grease box of lubricating grease; Piston in the described grease box is provided with the sensor that monitors the lubricating grease residual quantity at described grease box.
(66), as (65) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described sensor has the magnet on the piston that is installed in the described grease box.
(67), as (65) or (66) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, be provided with the pressure that monitors the lubricating grease in the described grease box or connect the sensor of the pressure of the lubricating grease in the lubricating grease pipe arrangement of described mechanical type metered dose piston pump and described grease box.
(68), as any described grease replenishing device in (65)～(67), it is characterized in that, be provided with: for carry out the stroke action at described mechanical type metered dose piston pump, after discharging lubricating grease, under the state of described quantitative discharge piston reduction, to the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the described grease box, keep the mechanism of certain hour pressure on the piston in described grease box.
(69), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing mechanism has mechanical type metered dose piston pump, this piston pump comprises: the grease box of storing described lubricating grease; Take in the driving cylinder that gives the quantitative lubricating grease of giving from described grease box; In described driving cylinder, can move the quantitative discharge piston of configuration repeatedly, be discharged to grease replenishing with in the pipe arrangement with the quantitative lubricating grease that will be stored in this driving cylinder; Check-valves in the configuration of described driving cylinder end.
(70), as (69) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described mechanical type metered dose piston pump has the valve of feeding medium in described driving cylinder, described quantitative discharge piston is by the described media drive of supplying with from described valve.
(71), as (69) or (70) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described grease replenishing pipe arrangement is a polyfluortetraethylene pipe.
(72), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, described grease replenishing mechanism has in described outer ring and forms, and at least one charging hole and the periphery in described outer ring to the inner supply lubricating grease of described rolling bearing form, and the endless groove that contains described charging hole, the cross-sectional area (mm of described endless groove 2) be equal to or greater than 0.25mm divided by the value of section girth (mm) gained of described endless groove.
(73), as (53) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, described grease replenishing mechanism has in described outer ring and forms, and support the forming in interior week of cover of described main shaft by described rolling bearing at least one charging hole of the inner supply lubricating grease of described rolling bearing with being situated between, and face the endless groove of described charging hole, the cross-sectional area (mm of described endless groove 2) be equal to or greater than 0.25mm divided by the value of section girth (mm) gained of described endless groove.
(74), as (72) or (73) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, in the periphery of described outer ring or the interior week of described cover, form the pair of outside annular groove in the axial both sides of described charging hole, and be embedded in O type sealing ring at described pair of outside annular groove.
(75), as (72) or (73) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that the gap of the interior week of described cover and described outer ring periphery is equal to or less than 30 μ m, the length of the part that the outer diametric plane of described outer ring and described cover axially join is equal to or greater than 1mm.
(76), a kind of working equipment main shaft device, any described lubricant device for supplying in its use (53)～(75).
(77), a kind of used in high-speed motor high-speed main spindle device, any described lubricant device for supplying in its use (53)～(75).
(78), a kind of grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that having to rotating the inner supply of rolling bearing of supporting spindle freely and append the grease replenishing mechanism of lubricating grease and control the described control device that appends the pipeline time of lubricating grease of described grease replenishing mechanism's supply according to the rotary speed of described main shaft.
(79), as (78) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, described control device is divided into a plurality of zones with rotary speed, set addition calculated value in each described zone, described addition calculated value in the corresponding described rotary speed of measuring of each unit interval accumulative total, obtain aggregate-value, when described aggregate-value is equal to or greater than setting, indicate the described lubricating grease that appends of described grease replenishing mechanism's supply.
(80), as (79) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described control device is removed described aggregate-value when supply lubricating grease, and the number of purge of the described aggregate-value of accumulative total.
(81), as (79) or (80) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that it is 0 that described control device is set addition calculated value, does not add up when described axle stops.
(82), as any described grease replenishing device in (78)～(81), it is characterized in that, when described control device was equal to or less than setting in the in-house lubricating grease residual quantity of described grease replenishing, the rotary speed of controlling described axle was equal to or less than predetermined rotational speed.
(83), as any described grease replenishing device in (79)～(81), it is characterized in that, when described control device is equal to or less than setting in the in-house lubricating grease residual quantity of described grease replenishing, the rotary speed of controlling described axle is equal to or less than predetermined rotational speed, and described predetermined rotational speed is arranged in next rotary speed zone in high rotation speed zone, described a plurality of zone.
(84), a kind of working equipment main shaft device, any described lubricant device for supplying in its use (78)～(83).
(85), a kind of used in high-speed motor high-speed main spindle device, any described lubricant device for supplying in its use (78)～(83).
(86), a kind of grease replenishing method, append lubricating grease to the rotary body supply of grease lubrication, it is characterized in that, comprising: the step that rotary speed is divided into a plurality of zones; Each described a plurality of rotary speeies zone is set the step of addition calculated value; Measure the step of the actual rotary speed of described rotary body in each unit interval; Determine that described actual rotary speed is arranged in the step in which zone in described a plurality of zones; The accumulative total correspondence contains the described addition calculated value in the zone of described actual rotary speed, obtains the step of aggregate-value; Reach when being equal to or greater than setting at described aggregate-value, send the step that the indication of lubricating grease is appended in supply.
(87), as (86) described grease replenishing method, it is characterized in that, when supply lubricating grease, described aggregate-value is removed the number of purge of the described aggregate-value of accumulative total.
(88), as (86) or (87) described grease replenishing method, it is characterized in that setting addition calculated value when described axle stops is 0, does not add up.
(89), as any described grease replenishing method in (86)～(88), it is characterized in that having when the lubricating grease residual quantity is equal to or less than setting, described actual rotary speed is controlled to be the step that is equal to or less than setting.
(90), as (89) described grease replenishing method, it is characterized in that the setting of described actual rotary speed is arranged in next rotary speed zone in high rotation speed zone, described a plurality of zone.
(91), a kind of working equipment main shaft device, any described grease replenishing method in its use (86)～(90).
(92), a kind of used in high-speed motor high-speed main spindle device, any described grease replenishing method in its use (86)～(90).
(93), a kind of grease replenishing program, append lubricating grease to the rotary body supply of lubricated grease lubrication, it is characterized in that, comprising: the step that rotary speed is divided into a plurality of rotary speeies zone; Each described a plurality of rotary speeies zone is set the step of addition calculated value; Measure the step of the actual rotary speed of described rotary body in each unit interval; Determine that described actual rotary speed is positioned at the step in which zone in described a plurality of zones; The accumulative total correspondence contains the described addition calculated value in the zone of described actual rotary speed, obtains the step of aggregate-value; When described aggregate-value is equal to or greater than setting, send the step that the indication of lubricating grease is appended in supply.
(94), as (93) described grease replenishing program, it is characterized in that, when supply lubricating grease, described aggregate-value is removed the number of purge of the described aggregate-value of accumulative total.
(95), as (94) described grease replenishing program, it is characterized in that setting addition calculated value when described axle stops is 0, does not add up.
(96), as any described grease replenishing program in (93)～(95), it is characterized in that having when the lubricating grease residual quantity is equal to or less than setting, described actual rotary speed is controlled to be the step that is equal to or less than setting.
(97), as (96) described grease replenishing program, it is characterized in that the setting of described actual rotary speed is arranged in next rotary speed zone in high rotation speed zone, described a plurality of zone.
(98), a kind of working equipment main shaft device, any described grease replenishing program in its use (93)～(97).
(99), a kind of used in high-speed motor high-speed main spindle device, any described grease replenishing program in its use (93)～(97).
(100), a kind of grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, comprising: have check-valves and quantitatively discharge piston, be used to discharge the mechanical type metered dose piston pump of lubricating grease; Store the grease box of described lubricating grease; Piston in the described grease box is provided with the sensor of the residual quantity that monitors described lubricating grease in described grease box.
(101), as (100) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that described sensor has the magnet that is installed on the described grease box inner carrier.
(102), as (100) or (101) described grease replenishing device, it is characterized in that, be provided with the sensor of the lubricating grease pressure in the lubricating grease pipe arrangement that monitors the interior described lubricating grease pressure of described grease box or connect described mechanical type metered dose piston pump and described grease box.
(103), as any described grease replenishing device in (100)～(102), it is characterized in that, be provided with: for carry out the stroke action at described mechanical type metered dose piston pump, after discharging lubricating grease, under the state of described quantitative discharge piston reduction, to the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the described grease box, and the mechanism that on described grease box inner carrier, keeps certain hour pressure.
(104), a kind of working equipment main shaft device, any described lubricant device for supplying in its use (100)～(103).
(105), a kind of used in high-speed motor high-speed main spindle device, any described lubricant device for supplying in its use (100)～(103).
(106), as (104) or (105) described main shaft device, it is characterized in that described sensor is in the upper limit that detects unusual time control rotary speed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the profile of second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the profile of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the profile of the 4th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the profile of the 5th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the profile of the 6th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the profile of the 7th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the profile of the 8th embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the profile of the 9th embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the profile of the tenth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the profile of the 11 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the profile of the 12 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the profile of the 13 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the profile of the 14 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the profile of the 15 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16 is to use the profile of the spindle unit of the described rolling bearing formation of first～15 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17 is to use the profile of the spindle unit of the described rolling bearing formation of the 16～17 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 18 is the amplification profile of spindle unit shown in Figure 17, is the diagram of sixteenth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 19 is the amplification profile of spindle unit shown in Figure 17, is the diagram of seventeenth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 20 is the profile of first variation of the 16 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 21 is the profile of second variation of the 16 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 22 is the profile of the 3rd variation of the 16 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 23 is the profile of the 4th variation of the 16 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 24 is the profile of the 5th variation of the 16 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 25 is the diagram of the test of use during the temperature fluctuation of embodiment 2 is tested with main shaft device;
Figure 26 is the pulsation validation test result's of embodiment 2 a curve map, (a) be the diagram of grease replenishing amount when being 0.035cc, (b) be the diagram of grease replenishing amount when being 0.10cc, (c) be the diagram of grease replenishing amount when being 0.15cc, (d) be the diagram of grease replenishing amount when being 0.30cc, (e) be the diagram of grease replenishing amount when being 0.60cc
Figure 27 (a) is the profile of the 18 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 27 (b) is the plane of the rolling bearing periphery of Figure 27 (a);
Figure 28 (a) is the profile of the 19 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 28 (b) is the plane in the interior week of cover of Figure 28 (a);
Figure 29 (a) is the profile of the 20 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 29 (b) is the plane of the rolling bearing periphery of Figure 29 (a);
Figure 30 (a) is the profile of the 21 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 30 (b) is the plane in the interior week of cover of Figure 30 (a);
Figure 31 is the profile of the 22 embodiment of the grease replenishing device of bearing of the present invention;
Figure 32 is the profile of the 23 embodiment of the grease replenishing device of bearing of the present invention;
Figure 33 is the profile of the 24 embodiment of the grease replenishing device of bearing of the present invention;
Figure 34 is the diagram of the 25 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 35 (a) is the profile of the 26 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 35 (b) is the side view of Figure 35 (a);
Figure 36 (a) is the profile of the 27 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 36 (b) is the side view of Figure 36 (a);
Figure 37 (a) is the profile of the 28 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 37 (b) is the side view of Figure 37 (a);
Figure 38 (a) is the profile of the 29 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 38 (b) is the side view of Figure 38 (a);
Figure 39 is the diagram of the bearing of use in the evaluation test 1 of the present invention;
Figure 40 is the diagram of the bearing of use in the evaluation test 2 of the present invention;
Figure 41 is the profile of the bearing arrangement of the 30 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 42 is the calcspar of the grease replenishing system of the 30 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 43 is the calcspar that shows the control device of the 30 embodiment of the present invention in detail;
Figure 44 is the flow chart of processing that is used to calculate the grease replenishing time of the 30 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 45 is the time diagram of the grease replenishing action of the 30 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 46 is the flow chart of processing that is used to calculate the grease replenishing time of the 31 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 47 is the time diagram of the grease replenishing action of the 31 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 48 is the profile of the bearing arrangement of the 32 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 49 is the calcspar of the grease replenishing system of the 33 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 50 is the diagram of axle that is suitable for the grease replenishing system of the 33 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 51 is the flow chart of the control flow of 33th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 52 is the flow chart that the accumulative total of the 33 embodiment of the present invention is handled;
Figure 53 is the flow chart that the air pressure of the 33 embodiment of the present invention is checked;
Figure 54 is the flow chart that the lubricating grease pressure of the 33 embodiment of the present invention is checked;
Figure 55 is the flow chart of the horizon check of the 33 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 56 is the pie graph of the grease replenishing device of the 34 embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 57 is the profile of grease box of the grease replenishing device of the 34 embodiment;
The profile of the grease box when Figure 58 is the sensor response of grease replenishing device of the 34 embodiment;
Figure 59 is the loop diagram of grease replenishing device of the 34 embodiment of Figure 56;
Figure 60 is the diagram of control method of grease replenishing device of the 34 embodiment of Figure 59;
Figure 61 is the pie graph of the grease replenishing device of 35th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 62 is the circuit diagram of the grease replenishing device of the present invention of Figure 61;
Figure 63 is the diagram of the grease replenishing device control method of the present invention of Figure 62;
Figure 64 is the circuit diagram of the grease replenishing device of 36th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 65 is the diagram of the grease replenishing device control method of the present invention of Figure 64;
Figure 66 is the curve map of expression jar interior lubricating grease and time relationship;
Figure 67 is the profile of the 37 embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention;
Figure 68 is the profile of the grease replenishing device major part of Figure 67;
Figure 69 is the profile of the state before the lubricating grease of the grease replenishing device of explanation Figure 67 is discharged;
Figure 70 is the profile that the lubricating grease of the grease replenishing device of explanation Figure 67 is discharged state;
Figure 71 is the profile of the 38 embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention;
Figure 72 (a) is the profile that the lubricating grease of major part of the 39 embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention is discharged state;
Figure 72 (b) is the profile of state before the lubricating grease of explanation Figure 72 (a) is discharged;
Figure 73 (a) is the profile that the lubricating grease of major part of the 40 embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention is discharged state;
Figure 73 (b) is the profile of state before the lubricating grease of explanation Figure 73 (a) is discharged;
Figure 74 is the profile of the 41 embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention;
Figure 75 is the profile of the 42 embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention;
Figure 76 is the profile of the 43 embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention;
Figure 77 is the schematic diagram of the main shaft device of 44th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 78 is the profile of the axle of 44th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 79 is the schematic diagram of the main shaft device of 45th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 80 is the schematic diagram of the main shaft device of 46th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 81 is the schematic diagram of the main shaft device of 47th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 82 is the schematic diagram of the main shaft device of 48th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 83 is the profile of the axle of 49th embodiment of the invention;
Figure 84 is the profile that carries out the testing machine of the present invention's test;
Figure 85 is the diagram of embodiment of the invention experimental condition;
Figure 86 is the diagram of embodiment of the invention result of the test;
Figure 87 is the diagram of embodiment of the invention experimental condition;
Figure 88 is the diagram of embodiment of the invention result of the test;
Figure 89 is the diagram of embodiment of the invention experimental condition;
Figure 90 is the diagram of embodiment of the invention result of the test;
Figure 91 is the profile of the roller bearing that is used to test;
The schematic diagram of the lubricating grease supply condition when Figure 92 is explanation checking lubricating grease quantity delivered;
Figure 93 is the profile of the 50 embodiment major part of main shaft device of the present invention;
Figure 94 is the concept map of the cutting fluid detecting sensor that adopts in the 50 embodiment;
Figure 95 is the profile of the 51 embodiment major part of main shaft device of the present invention;
Figure 96 is the profile of the 52 embodiment major part of main shaft device of the present invention;
Figure 97 is the profile of the 53 embodiment major part of main shaft device of the present invention;
Figure 98 is the profile of the 54 embodiment major part of main shaft device of the present invention;
Figure 99 is the profile of the 55 embodiment major part of main shaft device of the present invention;
Figure 100 is the diagram of control system with working equipment of main shaft device of the present invention;
Figure 101 is a curve map of measuring cutting fluid detecting sensor output signal with time series;
Figure 102 is the profile of the present invention's the 56 embodiment;
Figure 103 is the diagram of the outer ring spacer ring breach of the present invention's the 56 embodiment;
Figure 104 is the profile of the present invention's the 57 embodiment;
Figure 105 is the diagram in the hole passed of the lubricant of the present invention's the 57 embodiment;
Figure 106 is the profile of the present invention's the 58 embodiment;
Figure 107 is the profile of the present invention's the 59 embodiment;
Figure 108 is the profile of the present invention's the 60 embodiment;
Figure 109 is the profile of the present invention's the 61 embodiment;
Figure 110 is the profile of the present invention's the 62 embodiment;
Figure 111 is the profile of the present invention's the 63 embodiment;
Figure 112 is the diagram of the result of the test of the present invention and conventional example;
Figure 113 is the pie graph of existing grease replenishing device;
Figure 114 is the profile of existing other grease replenishing device;
Figure 115 is the profile of existing other grease replenishing device;
Figure 116 is the profile of existing other grease replenishing device;
Figure 117 is the profile of existing main shaft device major part;
Figure 118 is the profile of existing other main shaft device major part;
Figure 119 is the profile of conventional example;
Figure 120 is the profile of other conventional example;
Figure 121 is the profile of existing grease replenishing device.
The specific embodiment
Below, based on the description of drawings embodiment of the present invention.
First embodiment
The angular contact ball bearing 10 of first embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 1 comprises: the inner ring 11 that has inner race track 11a at outer peripheral face; The outer ring 12 that has outer race track 12a at inner peripheral surface; Along the ball 13 of inner race track 11a that is formed at 11,12 of outer rings and many configurations of outer race track 12a and at the circumferential guard ring 14 that uniformly-spaced keeps ball 13.The angular contact ball bearing 10 of present embodiment is to be used for outer ring counterbore (the カ ウ Application ボ ア) bearing that the main shaft supporting of working equipment is used.
In the present embodiment, 12 counterbore side (right side among Fig. 1) is provided with the charging hole 15 of the conduct that radially connects outer ring 12 grease replenishing device of the present invention (or grease replenishing mechanism) in the outer ring.Charging hole 15 has the circular cross section of diameter 0.1～5mm.The position opening in abutting connection with outer race track 12a of charging hole 15 12 aperture surfaces in the outer ring.
Charging hole 15 also can be arranged on 12 circumferential isolated a plurality of positions in the outer ring, and in addition, charging hole 15 can be arranged on the side with contact site 12b, also can be arranged on contact site 12b part in addition.
Initial stage is at the lubricating grease of bearing enclosed spatial volume 10～20% amounts of the bearing space of angular contact ball bearing 20.At this, so-called bearing space volume is from space deduction rolling element volume that forms between outer ring internal diameter and the inner ring external diameter and the volume behind the guard ring volume.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be lubricated fat with suitable timing (off and on, termly) Jie by charging hole 15 and inject, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, grease replenishing amount is once considered and is prevented that the temperature fluctuation generation is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing supply lubricating grease prevents the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of established angle contact ball bearing 10.
Second embodiment
The angular contact ball bearing 20 of second embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 2 comprises: inner ring 21; Outer ring 22; The ball 23 of a plurality of configurations between the outer race track 22a of the inner race track 21a of Internal and external cycle 21 and outer ring 22 and at the circumferential guard ring 24 that uniformly-spaced keeps ball 23.
In the present embodiment, 22 counterbore side (right side among Fig. 2) is provided with the charging hole 25 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) radially connect outer ring 22 in the outer ring.Form lubricating grease in the outer ring of charging hole 25 aperture surface side and retain the 25a of portion, the cross-sectional area that lubricating grease retains the 25a of portion is bigger than the cross-sectional area of charging hole 25 other parts.Because charging hole 25 has lubricating grease and retains the 25a of portion, so form cylindric space with step.Lubricating grease retains being positioned in abutting connection with the position of outer race track 22a of aperture surface that the 25a of portion is outer ring 22.In other embodiment of following explanation, charging hole also can have lubricating grease and retain portion.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 10～20% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of angular contact ball bearing 20.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be lubricated fat with suitable timing (off and on, termly) Jie by charging hole 15 and inject, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, grease replenishing amount once considers to prevent that the temperature fluctuation generation is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of established angle contact ball bearing 10.
The 3rd embodiment
The angular contact ball bearing 30 of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 3 comprises: inner ring 31; Outer ring 32; The ball 33 of a plurality of configurations between the outer race track 32a of the inner race track 31a of outer ring 31 and outer ring 32 and at the circumferential guard ring 34 that uniformly-spaced keeps ball 33.The angular contact ball bearing 30 of present embodiment is an inner ring counterbore bearing.
In the present embodiment, the opposition side of the side with contact site 32 (right side among Fig. 3) of 32 outer race track 32a is offered the charging hole 35 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) that radially connects outer ring 32 in the outer ring.In addition, charging hole 35 also can be arranged on the side with contact site 32b, also can be arranged on contact site 32b part in addition.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 10～20% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of angular contact ball bearing 30.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be lubricated fat with suitable timing (off and on, termly) Jie by charging hole 35 and inject, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, grease replenishing amount is once considered and is prevented that the temperature fluctuation generation is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of established angle contact ball bearing 30.
The 4th embodiment
The angular contact ball bearing 40 of the 4th embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 4 comprises: inner ring 41; Outer ring 42; The guard ring 44 of the ball 43 of a plurality of configurations and outer ring guiding between the outer race track 42a of the inner race track 41a of inner ring 41 and outer ring 42.The angular contact ball bearing 40 of present embodiment is an outer ring counterbore bearing.
In the present embodiment, 42 counterbore side (right side among Fig. 4) is provided with the charging hole 45 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) radially connect outer ring 42 in the outer ring.Charging hole 45 is towards the spigot surface 44a opening of a side (right side among Fig. 4) of guard ring 44.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 10～20% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of angular contact ball bearing 40.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be lubricated fat with suitable timing (off and on, termly) Jie by charging hole 45 and inject, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, grease replenishing amount is once considered and is prevented that the temperature fluctuation generation is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of established angle contact ball bearing 40.
The 5th embodiment
The angular contact ball bearing 50 of the 5th embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 5 comprises: inner ring 51; Outer ring 52; The guard ring 54 of the ball 53 of a plurality of configurations and outer ring guiding between the outer race track 52a of the inner race track 51a of inner ring 51 and outer ring 52.The angular contact ball bearing 50 of present embodiment is an outer ring counterbore bearing.
In the present embodiment, 42 anti-counterbore side (left side among the figure) is provided with the charging hole 55 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) that radially connects outer ring 52 in the outer ring.Charging hole 45 is towards the spigot surface 54a opening of a side (left side among the figure) of guard ring 54.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 10～20% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of angular contact ball bearing 50.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be lubricated fat with suitable timing (off and on, termly) Jie by charging hole 55 and inject, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, grease replenishing amount is once considered and is prevented that the temperature fluctuation generation is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of established angle contact ball bearing 40.
The 6th embodiment
The multiple row cylinder roller bearing 60 of the 6th embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 6 comprises: inner ring 61; Outer ring 62; A plurality of cylindrical rollers 63 of two row configurations and between the outer race track 62a of the inner race track 61a of inner ring 61 and outer ring 62 at the circumferential guard ring 64 that uniformly-spaced keeps each line column roller 63.The multiple row cylinder roller bearing 60 of present embodiment is the main shaft supporting rolling bearing of working equipment.
In the present embodiment, 62 axial central portion setting radially connects the charging hole 65 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of outer ring 62 in the outer ring.Charging hole 65 has the circular cross section of diameter 0.1～5mm.Charging hole 65 is towards the part opening that is positioned at 63 of two line column rollers of each guard ring 64.
In the present embodiment, the groove 65b that is communicated with charging hole 65 is set, injects lubricating grease Gr to charging hole 65 easily, but also groove 65b can be set at the axial central portion of outer ring external diameter face.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 60.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 65 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), one time increment is whenever classified 0.004cc～0.1cc as.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious pulsation that more is easy to generate temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, row increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.
The lubricating grease Gr that injects towards guard ring 64 follows the bearing rotation to be uniformly coated on the circumference of Internal and external cycle orbital plane.Like this, form new oil film by the lubricating grease Gr that injects.Except that the lubricating grease of necessary minimum, scraped the surfaces of revolution outside, formed the dykes and dams shape.Leak micro-base oil from the lubricating grease of this state, lubricated rolling surface and guard ring spigot surface.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, the temperature fluctuation in the time of can suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of multiple row cylinder roller bearing 60.
The 7th embodiment
The multiple row cylinder roller bearing 70 of the 7th embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 7 comprises: inner ring 71; Outer ring 72; A plurality of cylindrical rollers 73 of two row configurations and between the outer race track 72a of the inner race track 71a of inner ring 71 and outer ring 72 at the circumferential guard ring 74 that uniformly-spaced keeps each line column roller 73.
In the present embodiment, to axially seeing, the charging hole 75 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) that a plurality of (are two at this) radially connect outer ring 72 is set on outer ring 72.Charging hole 75 is provided with two row groove 75b towards the rolling surface opening of each line column roller 73 at outer ring external diameter face.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 70.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 75 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), one time increment is whenever classified 0.004cc～0.1cc as.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious pulsation that more is easy to generate temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, row grease replenishing amount once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of multiple row cylinder roller bearing 70.
The 8th embodiment
The single row roller bearing 80 of the 8th embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 8 comprises: inner ring 81; Outer ring 82; The guard ring 84 of a plurality of cylindrical rollers 83 that between the outer race track 82a of the inner race track 81a of inner ring 81 and outer ring 82, dispose and outer ring guiding.
In the present embodiment, to axially seeing, two charging holes 85 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) that radially connect outer ring 82 are set on outer ring 82.Each charging hole 85 is provided with two row groove 85b towards the spigot surface opening of the guard ring 84 of the axial both sides that are positioned at cylindrical roller 83 at outer ring external diameter face.
Show among the figure, but also can form towards the guard ring spigot surface opening of a side, the structure that a charging hole is set axially seen.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 80.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 85 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious easier pulsation that causes temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of single row roller bearing 80.
The 9th embodiment
The single row roller bearing 90 of the 9th embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 9 comprises: inner ring 91; Outer ring 92; The guard ring 94 of a plurality of cylindrical rollers 93 that between the outer race track 92a of the inner race track 91a of inner ring 91 and outer ring 92, dispose and outer ring guiding.
In the present embodiment, 92 axial central portion setting radially connects the charging hole 95 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of outer ring 92 in the outer ring.Charging hole 95 is towards the rolling surface opening of cylindrical roller 93, at the axial central portion of outer ring external diameter face groove 95b is set.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 90.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 85 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.In addition, because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious pulsation that more is easy to generate temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of single row roller bearing 80.
The tenth embodiment
The single row roller bearing 100 of the tenth embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 10 comprises: inner ring 101; Outer ring 102; The guard ring 104 of a plurality of cylindrical rollers 103 that between the outer race track 102a of the inner race track 101a of inner ring 101 and outer ring 102, dispose and outer ring guiding.
In the present embodiment, see vertically, two charging holes 105 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) that radially connect outer ring 102 are set on outer ring 102.Each charging hole 105 is opening between the spigot surface of the axial both ends of the surface of cylindrical roller 103 and guard ring 104, and two row groove 105b are set on the external diameter face of outer ring.
Do not show among the figure, radially see the structure that a charging hole is set but can form yet.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 100.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 105 injection lubricating grease GR with suitable timing (off and on, termly), an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.Because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious pulsation that more is easy to generate temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of single row roller bearing 100.
The 11 embodiment
The single row roller bearing 110 of the 11 embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 11 comprises: inner ring 111; Outer ring 112; The guard ring 114 of a plurality of cylindrical rollers 113 that between the outer race track 112a of the inner race track 111a of inner ring 111 and outer ring 112, dispose and outer ring guiding.
In the present embodiment, 112 axial central portion setting radially connects the charging hole 115 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of outer ring 112 in the outer ring.Charging hole 115 forms the taper of the corresponding preceding end toper of the nozzle 260 that injects lubricating grease, reduces gradually from outer diametric plane side direction aperture surface side diameter.That is, charging hole 115 forms the circular cone shape space, and charging hole 115 is towards the rolling surface opening of cylindrical roller 113.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 110.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 115 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.Because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious pulsation that more is easy to generate temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of single row roller bearing 100.
The 12 embodiment
The single row roller bearing 120 of the 12 embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 12 comprises: inner ring 121; Outer ring 122 with two flange 122b; The guard ring 124 of cylindrical roller 123 that between the outer race track 122a of the inner race track 121a of inner ring 121 and outer ring 122, disposes and outer ring guiding.
Cylindrical roller 123 is configured to can be along rolling as the outer race track 122a of 122 formation of flange of outer ring 122 inner peripheral surfaces and at the inner race track 121a that inner ring 121 outer peripheral faces form.In the position relative, the both ends of outer race track 122a recess is set and promptly dodges the 122C of portion, form and to avoid the structure disturbed mutually with edge part 123a with the edge part 123a of cylindrical roller 123.
In the present embodiment, form the charging hole 125 radially connect outer ring 122 and to be communicated with as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) with the side of the 122C of the portion that dodges of outer ring 122.Appending lubricating grease is situated between by charging hole 125 radially to the 122C of the portion that dodges of rolling bearing 120 inside supply from the outside.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 120.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 125 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply follows the rolling of cylindrical roller 123 to soak into the bearing inner body, replenishes not enough lubricating grease.
Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.Because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious pulsation that more is easy to generate temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of single row roller bearing 120.
The 13 embodiment
The single row roller bearing 130 of the 13 embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 13 comprises: inner ring 131; Outer ring 132 with two flange 132b; Two cylindrical rollers 133 that between the outer race track 132a of the inner race track 131a of inner ring 131 and outer ring 132, dispose and the guard ring 134 of outer ring guiding.
Cylindrical roller 133 is configured to and can rolls along the outer race track 132a of 132 formation of flange of 132 inner peripheral surfaces in the outer ring and at the inner race track 131a that inner ring 131 outer peripheral faces form.In the position relative, the both ends of outer race track 132a recess is set and promptly dodges the 132C of portion, form and to avoid the structure of interfering mutually with edge part 133a with the edge part 133a of cylindrical roller 133.
In the present embodiment, form two charging holes 135 that radially connect outer ring 132 and be communicated with the 132C of the portion that dodges of outer ring 132 respectively as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism).Appending lubricating grease is situated between by charging hole 135 radially to the 132C of the portion that dodges of rolling bearing 130 inside supply from the outside.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 130.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 135 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply follows the rolling of cylindrical roller 133 to soak into the bearing inner body, replenishes not enough lubricating grease.
Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.Because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious easier pulsation that causes temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of single row roller bearing 130.
The 14 embodiment
The single row roller bearing 140 of the 14 embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 14 comprises: inner ring 141; Outer ring 142; The guard ring 144 of cylindrical roller 143 that between the outer race track 142a of the inner race track 141a of inner ring 141 and outer ring 142, disposes and outer ring guiding.
Outer ring 142 has at two flange 142b of axially two ends formation and the flange 142d that forms in aperture surface central authorities.Between flange 142a and flange 142d, form two outer race track 142a respectively.
Two cylindrical rollers 143 are configured to and can roll along two outer race track 142a and at the inner race track 141a that inner ring 141 outer peripheral faces form respectively.With the position of the edge part 143a subtend of cylindrical roller 143 recess is set respectively at the both ends of outer race track 142a and promptly dodges the 142C of portion, form and avoid the structure of interfering mutually with edge part 143a.
In the present embodiment, form two charging holes 145 that radially connect outer ring 142 and be communicated with the side of the 142C of the portion that dodges that is separately positioned on outer race track 142a both end sides as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism).Appending lubricating grease is situated between by charging hole 145 radially to the 142C of the portion that dodges of rolling bearing 140 inside supply from the outside.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 140.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 145 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), increment of row is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply follows the rolling of cylindrical roller 143 to soak into the bearing inner body, replenishes not enough lubricating grease.
Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.Because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious easier pulsation that causes temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, row increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of single row roller bearing 140.
The 15 embodiment
The single row roller bearing 150 of the 15 embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 15 comprises: inner ring 151; Outer ring 152; The guard ring 154 of cylindrical roller 153 that between the outer race track 152a of the inner race track 151a of inner ring 151 and outer ring 152, disposes and outer ring guiding.
Outer ring 152 has at two flange 152b of axially two ends formation and the flange 152d that forms in aperture surface central authorities.Between flange 152b and flange 152d, form two outer race track 152a respectively.
Two cylindrical rollers 153 are configured to and can roll along two outer race track 152a and at the inner race track 151a that inner ring 151 outer peripheral faces form respectively.With the position of the edge part 153a subtend of cylindrical roller 153 recess is set respectively at the both ends of outer race track 152a and promptly dodges the 152C of portion, form and avoid the structure of interfering mutually with edge part 153a.
In the present embodiment, form four charging holes 155 that radially connect outer ring 152 and be communicated with the 152C of the portion that respectively dodges that is separately positioned on each outer race track 152a two ends as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism).Appending lubricating grease is situated between by charging hole 155 radially to the 152C of the portion that dodges of rolling bearing 150 inside supply from the outside.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 8～15% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of cylinder roller bearing 150.And, when using bearing, be suitable for following grease replenishing method.That is, be situated between by charging hole 155 injection lubricating grease Gr with suitable timing (off and on, termly), increment of row is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply follows the rolling of cylindrical roller 153 to soak into the bearing inner body, replenishes not enough lubricating grease.
Consider the error that lubricating grease injects, be limited to 0.12cc on the increment.Because cylinder roller bearing is than the obvious easier pulsation that causes temperature of angular contact ball bearing, so increment must be than to the increment of angular contact ball bearing supply still less.Therefore, when using cylinder roller bearing, row increment once is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the working equipment of single row roller bearing 150.
In addition, in the rolling bearing of Fig. 1～shown in Figure 15, have at outer ring external diameter face groove is set and groove is not set, to all rolling bearings, groove all can be set or groove is not set.
In addition, also can O type sealing ring be set, prevent the leakage of lubricating grease at outer ring external diameter face or cover aperture surface.
Figure 16 be to use that the described rolling bearing of first～15 embodiment of the present invention constitutes as the diagram of working equipment with the spindle unit 160 of main shaft device.In this spindle unit 160, the angular contact ball bearing 10 of the outer ring trough of belt type of use first embodiment and an one-sided charging hole cylinder roller bearing 100 supporting spindles 171 of the tenth embodiment in collar bush 161.In addition, for carrying out illustration, the main shaft device of Figure 16 has used different types of bearing, also can only be made of congener bearing.
Collar bush 161 comprises: cover main body 162; The embedded front side shaft bearing sleeve 163 that is fixed on the front end (left side among the figure) of cover main body 162; The embedded rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 164 that is fixed on cover main body 162 rear sides (right side among the figure).Outer ring casting die 165 and inner ring casting die 166 are set in the end of described front side shaft bearing sleeve 163, and between outer ring casting die 165 and inner ring casting die 166, form the labyrinth.The rear end face quilt cover 170 of collar bush 161 covers.
Two rolling bearings 10,10 of embedding outside main shaft 171 is embedded on described front side shaft bearing sleeve 163 (with shown in Figure 1 identical) and on rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 164 outside in the cylinder roller bearing 100 (type of an equal charging hole same as shown in Figure 10) of embedding, by collar bush 161 rotations supporting freely.At 12,12 configurations outer ring, the outer ring of two rolling bearings 10,10 spacer ring 180, in addition, at 11,11 configurations of inner ring inner ring spacer ring 176.
Build-in rotor 186 outside the axial substantial middle portion of main shaft 171 separates predetermined distance arranged coaxial stator 187 in the outer peripheral face side of rotor 186.Stator 187 is situated between and is fixed on the cover main body 162 by the stator fixing 188 that is configured in stator 187 outer peripheral face sides.Between cover main body 162 and stator fixing 188, form a plurality of grooves 178 in circumferential direction along main shaft 171.The cooling cold-producing medium of mobile stator 187 in these a plurality of grooves 178.
Equally, between cover main body 162 and front side shaft bearing sleeve 163, form cover and bearing cooling a plurality of grooves 177 at the position that the outer circumferential side with angular contact ball bearing 10 contacts with flow of refrigerant.
Circumferentially offer three the lubricating grease supply ports 192 (Figure 16 only illustrates) that are used for being lubricated to bearing 10,10,100 respectively the supply lubricating grease of fat supply in the rear end face upper edge of this collar bush 161.These three lubricating grease supply ports 192 are communicated with the lubricating grease that is formed in cover main body 162, front side shaft bearing sleeve 163 and the rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 164 respectively and supply with road 193a, 193b, 193c (for convenience of description, each lubricating grease is supplied with road 193a, 193b, 193c is shown in the same section among Figure 16).Thus, the spindle unit 160 of present embodiment can be supplied with lubricating grease by lubricating grease supply pipe 191 from being located at outside lubricating grease feeder 190 Jie in collar bush 161.
Lubricating grease is supplied with road 193a and is communicated with the opening 196 that corresponding single row roller bearing 100 outer ring sides form, lubricating grease is supplied with road 193b and is communicated with the opening 194 that correspondence is disposed at the angular contact ball bearing 10 outer ring sides formation of front side (figure left side), in addition, lubricating grease is supplied with the opening 195 that road 193c connection correspondence is disposed at the angular contact ball bearing 10 outer ring sides formation of rear side (figure central authorities).Thus, the lubricating grease of supplying with from lubricating grease feeder 190 is independently supplied to the outer ring side of each bearing 10,10,100.Opening 194,195,196 connected graphs 1 and charging hole 15,15,105 shown in Figure 9, lubricating grease are situated between and are independently supplied to bearing space inside by charging hole 15,15,105.
Grease replenishing device 190 can independently be lubricated fat to each bearing 10,10,100 and supply with.That is, grease replenishing device 190 is lubricated fat with suitable timing (off and on or termly) to each bearing 10,10,100 and injects, and an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply is followed the rolling of the roller 103 of the ball of bearing 10 inside and bearing 100 inside, and profit is gone into bearing 10 and 100 inner body, replenishes not enough lubricating grease.At this, under the situation of angular contact ball bearing, one time the grease replenishing amount is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc, and in addition, under the situation of cylinder roller bearing, the increment of a lubricating grease is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of each bearing 10,10,100.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the lubricating grease that forms the bearing space inside that is communicated with each bearing 10,10,100 on described front side cover 163 and rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 164 is discharged road 197.Lubricating grease is situated between and is discharged to outside the device by the outer circumferential side opening 198 of this lubricating grease discharge road 197 from lubricating grease discharge road 197.
In the spindle unit of present embodiment, be that example is illustrated, can certainly use the bearing of other embodiment 2～9 or 11～15 or they are used in combination arbitrarily with the bearing 10 of first embodiment and the bearing 100 of the tenth embodiment.
In addition, even same charging hole is set, also can obtain same effect on the outer ring of other bearing.
The 16 embodiment
Figure 17 be to use following explanation the rolling bearing 200 and 210 of the 16,17 embodiments constitute as the diagram of working equipment with the spindle unit of main shaft device.In addition, for illustration, the spindle unit of Figure 17 has used different bearings, but also can be only be made of the bearing of identical type.
Be embedded on the main shaft 1 outside the bearing 200 and 210, be embedded on the cover 7.Main shaft 1 can be situated between by bearing 200 and 210 with respect to cover 7 rotations.Between each inner rings of bearing 200 and 210 and outer ring, dispose along main shaft 1 successively respectively and overlap inner ring spacer ring 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e and outer ring spacer ring 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, the 6e of 7 configurations from the diagram left side.
Axial two ends at inner ring spacer ring 5a and 5e and outer ring spacer ring 6a and 6e dispose inner ring casting die 8a, 8b and outer ring casting die 9a, 9b respectively, are situated between to give each bearing prepressing force by each spacer ring.Between inner ring casting die 8a and outer ring casting die 9a and inner ring casting die 8b and outer ring casting die 9b, form not shown gap, between two casting dies, form the labyrinth.
Figure 18 is the amplification profile of spindle unit shown in Figure 17.At this angular contact ball bearing 200 and the peripheral structure thereof of the 16 embodiment of the present invention are described.
Each angular contact ball bearing 200 shown in Figure 180 has inner ring 201, outer ring 202, disposed a plurality of ball 203 between the outer race track 202a of the inner race track 201a of inner ring 201 and outer ring 202, and with ball 203 at the circumferential guard ring 204 that uniformly-spaced keeps.Outer ring 202 is at the axial one-sided tapering 202b that is used for keeping with contact angle ball 203 that has.Below, an axial side that forms the tapering is called face side, opposite side is called rear side.
In the present embodiment, dispose grease replenishing outer ring spacer ring 6b 200 of each angular contact ball bearings.Use two grease replenishings nozzle 4 that inserts fixing perforation cover 7 on the spacer ring 6b of outer ring at grease replenishing.Jie is supplied with nozzle 4 to grease replenishing from external lubrication fat feeder 2 by supply pipe 3 and appends lubricating grease.
Grease replenishing has the charging hole 205 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) that appends lubricating grease from the front end of nozzle 4 to angular contact ball bearing 200 internal feeds with outer ring spacer ring 6b.Charging hole 205 has the circular cross section of diameter 0.1～5mm, and (than guard ring 204 internal side diameter more) is at axially open towards bearing 200 inboards.Charging hole 205 is asked in inner ring 201 and outer ring 202 to supply with vertically from rear side and is appended lubricating grease.The lubricating grease of supplying with mainly is fed into than guard ring 204 more by internal side diameter.
In addition, charging hole 205 also can spaced radial be arranged on grease replenishing with a plurality of positions of outer ring spacer ring 6b.In addition, the lubricating grease of supply preferably mainly supplies to than guard ring 204 and more leans on internal side diameter, also can supply to outside diameter.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 10～20% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of each angular contact ball bearing 200.And after bearing used beginning, lubricating grease feeder 2 was situated between in suitable timing (off and on or termly) and is lubricated fat by charging hole 205 and injects, and an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply is followed the rolling of the ball 203 of angular contact ball bearing 200 inside, soaks into angular contact ball bearing 200 inner body, replenishes not enough lubricating grease.At this, one time the grease replenishing amount is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc, by carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of established angle contact ball bearing 200.
The 17 embodiment
Figure 19 is the amplification profile of spindle unit shown in Figure 17.At this single row roller bearing 210 of the 17 embodiment of the present invention is described.
Single row roller bearing 210 has inner ring 211, outer ring 212, disposed cylindrical roller 213 between the outer race track 212a of the inner race track 211a of inner ring 211 and outer ring 212, and with roller 213 at the circumferential guard ring 214 that uniformly-spaced keeps.
In the present embodiment, with cylinder roller bearing 210 axial disposed adjacent grease replenishing outer ring spacer ring 6d is arranged.With on the spacer ring 6d of outer ring, the grease replenishing that connects cover 7 is fixed on grease replenishing with on the spacer ring 6d of outer ring with nozzle 4 insertions at grease replenishing.Jie is supplied with nozzle 4 to grease replenishing from external lubrication fat feeder 2 by supply pipe 3 and appends lubricating grease.
Grease replenishing has as the charging hole 215 that appends the grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of lubricating grease from the front end of nozzle 4 to bearing 210 internal feeds with outer ring spacer ring 6d.Charging hole 21 5 has the circular cross section of diameter 0.1～5mm, (more leans on internal side diameter than guard ring 214) at axially open towards bearing 210 inboards.212 in inner ring 211 and outer ring of charging holes 215 are supplied with vertically from rear side and are appended lubricating grease.The lubricating grease of supplying with mainly is fed into than guard ring 214 more by internal side diameter.
In addition, charging hole 215 also can spaced radial be arranged on grease replenishing with a plurality of positions of outer ring spacer ring 6d.In addition, the lubricating grease of supply preferably mainly supplies to than guard ring 214 and more leans on internal side diameter, also can supply to outside diameter.
Lubricating grease in bearing enclosed spatial volume 10～20% amounts of the bearing space initial stage of each cylinder roller bearing 210.And after bearing used beginning, lubricating grease feeder 2 was situated between with suitable timing (off and on or termly) and is lubricated fat by charging hole 215 and injects, and an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply is followed the rolling of the roller 213 of cylinder roller bearing 210 inside, soaks into cylinder roller bearing 210 inner body, replenishes not enough lubricating grease.At this, one time the grease replenishing amount is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc, by carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of cylinder roller bearing 210.
Figure 20 is the amplification profile of spindle unit of first variation of the 16 embodiment.
The angular contact ball bearing 220 that is used for this variation is by being embedded in inner ring 221 on the axle outward, being embedded in outer ring 222 on the cover 250, ball 223 between the outer race track 222a of roll the inner race track 221a that is configured in inner ring 221 freely and outer ring 222, and keeping the guard ring 224 of ball 223 to constitute.
Cover 250 has to the outstanding protuberance 250a of radially inner side.The outer ring 222 of bearing 220 joins in axial rear side and protuberance 250a.The axial rear side of inner ring 221 dispose with protuberance 250a at axial relative inner ring spacer ring 5f.
On the other hand, 222 axial face side is provided with grease replenishing outer ring spacer ring 6g in the outer ring.Grease replenishing with outer ring spacer ring 6g and inner ring spacer ring 5g axial relative.Be formed in the position of cover 250 corresponding grease replenishing outer diametric plane grease replenishing with the opening 250b in the nozzle 260 insertion grease replenishings usefulness outer ring spacer ring 6g with outer ring spacer ring 6g.Grease replenishing is fixed on by fixed part 260b such as screws on the outer diametric plane of cover 250 with the base portion 260a of nozzle 260, is inserted into grease replenishing from the extended leading section 260c of base portion 260a and uses spacer ring 6g inside, outer ring.
Grease replenishing has as the charging hole 225 that appends the grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of lubricating grease from grease replenishing with the leading section 260a of nozzle 260 to bearing 220 inner supplies with outer ring spacer ring 6g.Charging hole 225 has the circular cross section of diameter 0.1～5mm.222 in inner ring 221 and outer ring of charging holes 225 are supplied with vertically from face side and are appended lubricating grease.Append that an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc in the amount of lubricating grease, a best increment is 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of established angle contact ball bearing 220.
In addition, charging hole 225 also can radially be spaced apart and arranged in grease replenishing and use a plurality of positions of outer ring every Fig. 6 g.
Figure 21 is the amplification profile of spindle unit of second variation of the 16 embodiment.
The angular contact ball bearing 230 that is used for this variation is by being embedded in inner ring 231 on the axle outward, being embedded in outer ring 232 on the cover 270, ball 233 between the outer race track 232a of roll the inner race track 231a that is configured in inner ring 231 freely and outer ring 232, and keeping the guard ring 234 of ball 233 to constitute.
Cover 270 has to the outstanding protuberance 270a of radially inner side.The outer ring 232 of bearing 230 joins in axial face side and protuberance 270a.The face side of inner ring 231 dispose with protuberance 270a at axial relative inner ring spacer ring 5i.On the other hand, 232 axial rear side difference subtend configuration inner ring spacer ring 5h and outer ring spacer ring 6h in the outer ring.
Be formed with at the outer diametric plane of the cover 270 of protuberance 270a opposition side and be used for opening 270b that grease replenishing is inserted in the protuberance 270a with nozzle 260.Grease replenishing is fixed on the outer diametric plane of cover 270 by fixed part 260b such as screws with the base portion 260a of nozzle 260, is inserted into protuberance 270a inside from the extended leading section 260c of base portion 260a.
Protuberance 270a has as the charging hole 235 that appends the grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of lubricating grease from grease replenishing with the leading section 260a of nozzle 260 to bearing 230 inner supplies.Charging hole 235 has the circular cross section of diameter 0.1～5mm.232 in inner ring 231 and outer ring of charging holes 235 are supplied with vertically from face side and are appended lubricating grease.Append in the amount of lubricating grease, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc, and a best increment is 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of established angle contact ball bearing 230.In addition, charging hole 235 also can spaced radial be arranged on a plurality of positions of protuberance 270a.
In addition, Figure 22 represents the amplification profile of spindle unit of the 3rd variation of present embodiment.
This variation is with angular contact ball bearing 230 face side of second variation and the example after the rear side conversion, and the protuberance 270a of cover 270 is set at the axial rear side of angular contact ball bearing 230.Other structure is with shown in Figure 21 identical.
In this variation, append lubricating grease and be fed into 232 of inner ring 231 and outer rings vertically from rear side from the charging hole 235 that is formed at protuberance 270a.Append in the amount of lubricating grease, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc, and a best increment is 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of established angle contact ball bearing 230.
Figure 23 is the amplification profile of spindle unit of the 4th variation of the 16 embodiment.
The angular contact ball bearing 240 that is used for this variation is by being embedded in inner ring 241 on the axle outward, being embedded in outer ring 242 on the cover 280, ball 243 between the outer race track 242a of roll the inner race track 241a that is configured in inner ring 241 freely and outer ring 242, and keeping the guard ring 244 of ball 243 to constitute.242 face side end is formed with from the tapering to the outstanding protuberance 242b of radially inner side in the outer ring.
The outer ring 242 of bearing 240 is in axial face side, and promptly protuberance 242b and outer ring spacer ring 6k join, and joins in axial rear side and outer ring spacer ring 6j.The rear side of inner ring 241 and face side dispose respectively with outer ring spacer ring 6j and 6k at radially the inner ring spacer ring 5j and the 5k of subtend.
Cover 280 is useful on the opening 280b that grease replenishing is inserted in the protuberance 242b with nozzle 260 at the external diameter mask of the opposition side of the protuberance 242b of outer ring 242.Grease replenishing is fixed on by fixed part 260b such as screws on the outer diametric plane of cover 280 with the base portion 260a of nozzle 260, and being situated between from the extended leading section 260c of base portion 260a is inserted into the protuberance 242a inside of outer ring 242 by opening 280b.
Protuberance 242b has as the charging hole 245 that appends the grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of lubricating grease from grease replenishing with the leading section 260c of nozzle 260 to bearing 240 inner supplies.Charging hole 245 has the circular cross section of diameter 0.1～5mm.242 in inner ring 241 and outer ring of charging holes 245 are supplied with vertically from face side and are appended lubricating grease.Append in the amount of lubricating grease, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc, and a best increment is 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of established angle contact ball bearing 240.
In addition, charging hole 245 also can spaced radial be arranged on a plurality of positions of protuberance 242b.
In addition, Figure 24 represents the amplification profile of spindle unit of the 5th variation of present embodiment.
This variation is the variation of outer ring 242 of the angular contact ball bearing 240 of the 4th variation, is formed with the protuberance 242b of outer ring 242 in the axial rear side of angular contact ball bearing 240.Other formation is identical with structure shown in Figure 23.
In this variation, append lubricating grease and be fed into 242 of inner ring 241 and outer rings vertically from rear side from the charging hole 245 that is formed at protuberance 242b.Append in the amount of lubricating grease, an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc, and a best increment is 0.01cc～0.03cc.Inject by the lubricating grease that carries out in the scope shown in above, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, the temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents the axle precision deterioration of the spindle unit of established angle contact ball bearing 230.
The structure that variation 1～5 by described the 16,17 embodiments and the 16 embodiment is such can will be appended lubricating grease vertically to the inner supply of bearing.
Certainly identical charging hole is set in other bearing, also can obtains identical effect.
In addition, when being lubricated timing that fat injects and both can being axle and stopping, in the time of also can being rotation.
Embodiment 1
About grease replenishing amount, carried out following test to the rolling bearing supply.
Use the single row roller bearing (NSK system, sequence number N1014) of inner ring internal diameter 70mm, outer ring external diameter 110mm, width 20mm to carry out long duration test.The lubricating grease that uses in long duration test is Aesop Fu Liekesi (イ ソ Off レ Star Network ス) NBU15 (NOK Network リ ユ-バ-(strain) system), the initial stage enclosed volume of lubricating grease is 10% of a bearing space volume.Experimental condition is dmN=150 ten thousand.
In this long duration test, prepare three described bearings, after long duration test begins,, carry out the grease replenishing of 0.01cc, 0.004cc, 0.002cc to each bearing every 6 hours.Consequently, when the 0.002cc, bearing is in early days with regard to sintering, even and when the lubricating grease of 0.004cc and 0.01cc is supplied with the durable time begin after through 1000 hours, do not produce unusual, fault etc. yet.By above result as can be known, by a grease replenishing amount is made as more than the 0.004cc, on the durability of rolling bearing, be no problem.
Embodiment 2
Use the angular contact ball bearing 340,350 of 18 ° of inner ring internal diameter 65mm, outer ring external diameter 100mm, width 18mm, ball diameter 7.144mm, contact angle to confirm the temperature fluctuation validation test of grease replenishing amount and temperature fluctuation relation.The lubricating grease that is used for the temperature fluctuation validation test is Aesop Fu Liekesi NBU15 (NOK Network リ ユ-バ-(strain) system), the initial stage enclosed volume of lubricating grease is 15% of a bearing space volume.Experimental condition is dmN=180 ten thousand.
This pulsation validation test is to use test shown in Figure 25 to carry out with main shaft device 300.Test has the structure that utilization is configured in the cover parts 302 splicing sleeve main bodys 303 on the supporting station 301 with main shaft device 300.The back side disposes embedded angular contact ball bearing 340,350 mutually on cover main body 303.These angular contact ball bearing 340 outer being embedded on the main shaft 310, and rotate supporting spindle 310 freely.
340,350 of angular contact ball bearings, between the inner ring of each angular contact ball bearing 340,350, inner ring spacer ring 311 is set, between the outer ring of each angular contact ball bearing 340,350, outer ring spacer ring 312 is set.In addition, the axial rearward end side (right side among the figure) at angular contact ball bearing 350 is provided with outer ring, rear end casting die 313.
In addition, the axial forward end side (left side among the figure) at angular contact ball bearing 340 is provided with outer ring casting die 314 and inner ring casting die 315.Each angular contact ball bearing 340,350 by outer ring casting die 314 and inner ring casting die 315 vertically by being pressed in outer ring, rear end casting die 313 sides.
Corresponding each angular contact ball bearing 340,350 is equipped with jet element 330,330 on cover 303.Jet element 330,330 is supplied with lubricating grease in the side bearing space, hole of the outer ring that is set at angular contact ball bearing 340,350.In the validation test of this temperature fluctuation, lubricating grease was supplied with every one hour after on-test.The lubricating grease amount of supplying with to each bearing during with a grease replenishing is that 0.035cc, 0.10cc, 0.15cc, 0.30cc, 0.60cc carry out 5 tests altogether.Figure 26 is the curve map that shows this temperature fluctuation validation test result, (a) expression grease replenishing amount is the situation of 0.035cc, (b) expression grease replenishing amount is the situation of 0.10cc, (c) expression grease replenishing amount is the situation of 0.15cc, (d) expression grease replenishing amount is the situation of 0.30cc, and (e) expression grease replenishing amount is the situation of 0.60cc.
Shown in Figure 26 (a) and (b), when the grease replenishing amount was 0.035cc and 0.10cc, even be lubricated the fat supply, the bearing temperature of angular contact ball bearing 340,350 did not change fully yet.But, shown in Figure 26 (c), when the grease replenishing amount is 0.15cc, whenever carry out grease replenishing one time, the temperature of angular contact ball bearing 340,350 raises about 1 ℃.Equally, shown in Figure 26 (d), (e), when the grease replenishing amount is 0.30cc and 0.60cc, whenever carry out grease replenishing one time, the temperature of angular contact ball bearing 340,350 also raises about 1～2 ℃.
At this, angular contact ball bearing 340 is different with temperature under the stable state of bearing 350 before grease replenishing.The difference of the temperature under this stable state is considered to, because the inhibiting rate of angular contact ball bearing 340 and the difference of the peripheral structure of angular contact ball bearing 350, the heat that for example produces apart from the difference of the distance of cover parts 302 or with the position relation of not shown cooling device etc. is different, thereby the temperature difference under the stable state.
In any case, no matter in angular contact ball bearing 340 or in angular contact ball bearing 350, shown in Figure 26 (c)～Figure 26 (e), all can consider when the grease replenishing amount is equal to or greater than 0.15cc, because of the stirring resistance of supply lubricating grease etc. causes bearing heating, produce bearing intensification, be temperature fluctuation.Therefore as can be known, be equal to or less than 0.1cc by a grease replenishing amount is set at, the stable lubricating grease that can not produce temperature fluctuation is supplied with.
As mentioned above, according to first～the 17 embodiment,, can provide the rolling bearing that a kind of grease lubrication and high speed verticity are good, the life-span is long by the new lubricating grease of supply before the early stage deterioration of lubricating grease makes the bearing breakage.To rolling bearing supply lubricating grease, can provide a kind of working equipment that when supplying with lubricating grease, can not produce the rolling bearing of temperature fluctuation and use this rolling bearing with main shaft device and used in high-speed motor main shaft device by the mode that is 0.004cc～0.1cc with increment.Like this, by carrying out the grease replenishing in the scope as implied above, can prevent deterioration or the generation of the abnormal temperature that the oil film deficiency causes and the breakage of bearing of lubricating grease, the temperature fluctuation in the time of simultaneously can suppressing grease replenishing prevents the deterioration of the axle precision of bearings mounted working equipment.
According to the foregoing description, can be before the early stage deterioration of lubricating grease or oil film form deficiency and cause the bearing breakage, by prolonging bearing life from outer ring side (radially) or the new lubricating grease of outer ring spacer ring side (axially) supply.When the outer ring side is supplied with, lubricating grease is supplied with to supporting space from the outer ring aperture surface by charging hole.On the other hand, when outer ring spacer ring side is supplied with, lubricating grease is directly supplied with in supporting space vertically by charging hole.When outer ring spacer ring side is supplied with, preferably to more supplying with lubricating grease by internal side diameter.The lubricating grease of supply is attached on rolling element or the guard ring, and follows the rotation profit of rolling element or guard ring to be attached on the bearing inner body.
Usually, when use was assembled in angular contact ball bearing on the main shaft of working equipment, the initial stage enclosed volume of lubricating grease was a standard with 10～20% of supporting space volume.On the other hand, under the situation that is assembled in the cylinder roller bearing on the main shaft of working equipment, the initial stage enclosed volume of lubricating grease is a standard with 8～15% of bearing space volume.This is to shorten and the such requirement of inhibition of temperature rising and fixed according to time of lubricating grease initial stage running in.Particularly under the situation of cylinder roller bearing, at lubricating grease initial stage during running in, the roller of rotation usually squeezes and closes lubricating grease and unusual the intensification.When the most abominable, also can cause sintering.
But structure is decided to be 0.004cc～0.1cc by general's grease replenishing amount once and avoids unusual intensification, and do not need running in as described.In addition, in the rolling bearing of said structure, also can be made as the fluctuation that 0.004cc～0.1cc suppresses temperature, can guarantee to use the machining accuracy of the working equipment main shaft device of rolling bearing high-levelly by grease replenishing amount that will be once.
For example, as angular contact ball bearing, has contact angle, and when rolling element is ball, charging hole is offered in position in the side that contact site is arranged of outer ring aperture surface offset track groove, and be situated between and by charging hole one side grease replenishing amount be made as 0.004cc～0.1cc, can prevent the fluctuation of operating damage, temperature.
As long as the diameter of charging hole then can carry out quantitative grease replenishing more swimmingly in the scope of 0.1～5mm.That is, lubricating grease can not stop up charging hole, excessive supply lubricating grease not yet.In addition, charging hole is not limited to the charging hole of circular cross section.For example, also can be to have and the rectangular cross section of the equal cross-sectional area of circular cross section area of diameter 0.1～5mm or the charging hole of polygon section.
In described embodiment, also can realize the long-life even be equal to or greater than at dmN under 1,000,000 the environment.
The 18 embodiment
Secondly, the 18～the 29 embodiment that present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying.In addition, in each embodiment of following explanation, the part identical or suitable with parts that illustrate among Figure 27 etc. used same-sign or suitable symbol in the later accompanying drawing of Figure 28, simplifies or omits explanation.
As Figure 27 (a), (b) shown in, in the grease replenishing device 410 of the bearing of the 18 embodiment, the inner ring 412 of bearing (rolling bearing) 411 is entrenched on the axle 413, simultaneously, the outer ring 414 of bearing 411 is entrenched on the cover 415, lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 connects cover 415, cooperate with this lubricating grease complementary apertures 416, on the outer ring 414 of bearing 411, connect charging hole 417 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism), on the periphery 414A of outer ring 414, form and contain the endless groove 418 of charging hole 417, and will overlap 415 and outer ring 414 between gap L be made as below the 30 μ m.
Grease replenishing device 410 according to the bearing of the 18 embodiment, by on the periphery 414A of outer ring 414, forming the endless groove 418 that contains charging hole 417, make the lubricating grease in the lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 that supplies to cover 415 flow into endless groove 418, the lubricating grease that flows in the endless groove 418 flows in the charging hole 417 of outer ring 414.
Then, flow into the inside of the lubricating grease inflow bearing 411 of charging hole 417.Like this, the lubricating grease that supplies to the lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 of cover 415 can be situated between by the inside of endless groove 418 supplies to bearing 411.
In addition, by on the periphery 414A of outer ring 414, forming the endless groove 418 that contains charging hole 417, when on cover 415, assembling bearing 411, even not with the lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 of charging hole 417 alignment sleeve 415 of outer ring 414, also can be situated between is communicated with lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 and charging holes 417 by endless groove 418.
Thus, not spended time and simply bearing 411 is assembled in the cover 415 on, can further make assembly operation simple, alleviate operator's burden.
In addition, by will overlap 415 and outer ring 414 between gap L be made as below the 30 μ m, can with the cover 415 and outer ring 414 between the gap reduce.
Therefore, flow in the endless groove 418 lubricating grease not can from overlap 415 and outer ring 414 between gap L flow out, can prevent that supply from flowing out outside the bearing 411 with lubricating grease.
The 19 embodiment
Shown in Figure 28 (a) and (b), in the grease replenishing device 420 of the bearing of the 19 embodiment, the inner ring 412 of bearing 411 is entrenched on the axle 413, simultaneously, the outer ring 414 of bearing 411 is entrenched on the cover 415, is through with lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 on cover 415, aims at this lubricating grease complementary apertures 416, on the outer ring 414 of bearing 411, be through with charging hole 417, and on interior all 415A of cover 415, form endless groove 421 in the face of charging hole 417.
Grease replenishing device 420 according to the bearing of the 19 embodiment, by on interior all 415A of cover 415, forming endless groove 421 in the face of charging hole 417, lubricating grease in the lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 that supplies to cover 415 is flowed in the endless groove 418, and the lubricating grease that flows in the endless groove 421 flows in the charging hole 417 of outer ring 414.
Then, flow into the inside of the lubricating grease inflow bearing 411 in the charging hole 417.Like this, the lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 interior lubricating grease that supply to cover 415 can be situated between by the inside of endless groove 421 supplies to bearing 411.
In addition, by on the periphery 415A of outer ring 415, forming endless groove 421 in the face of charging hole 417, when on cover 415, assembling bearing 411, even do not make the lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 of charging hole 417 alignment sleeve 415 of outer ring 414, also can be situated between is communicated with lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 and charging hole 417 by endless groove 421.
Thus, not spended time and simply bearing 411 is assembled in the cover 415 on, can further make assembly operation simple, alleviate operator's burden.
The 20 embodiment
As Figure 29 (a), (b) shown in, in the grease replenishing device 430 of the bearing of the 20 embodiment, the inner ring 412 of bearing 411 is entrenched on the axle 413, simultaneously, the outer ring 414 of bearing 411 is entrenched on the cover 415, on cover 415, connect lubricating grease complementary apertures 416, cooperate this lubricating grease complementary apertures 416, on the outer ring 414 of bearing 411, connect charging hole 417, and on the periphery 414A of outer ring 414, form the endless groove 418 contain charging hole 417,414 the periphery 414A in the outer ring, and at the both sides of charging hole 417 formation pair of outside endless groove 431, and on pair of outside endless groove 431, embed O type sealing ring 432.
According to the grease replenishing device 430 of the bearing of the 20 embodiment, can obtain the effect identical with the grease replenishing device 410 of the bearing of the 18 embodiment.
In addition, grease replenishing device 430 according to the bearing of the 20 embodiment, even flow in the endless groove 18 lubricating grease just in case from overlap 415 and outer ring 414 between gap L flow out, the lubricating grease that also can utilize 432 sealings of pair of O type sealing ring to flow out prevents that lubricating grease from flowing out outside the bearing 411.
As Figure 30 (a), (b) shown in, in the grease replenishing device 440 of the bearing of the 21 embodiment, the inner ring 412 of bearing 411 is entrenched on the axle 413, simultaneously, the outer ring 414 of bearing 411 is entrenched on the cover 415, on cover 415, connect lubricating grease complementary apertures 416, cooperate this lubricating grease complementary apertures 416, on the outer ring 414 of bearing 411, connect charging hole 417, on interior all 415A of cover 415, form endless groove 421 in the face of charging hole 417, at interior all 415A of cover 415, and at the both sides of lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 formation pair of outside endless groove 441, and on pair of outside endless groove 441, embed O type sealing ring 442.
According to the grease replenishing device 440 of the bearing of the 21 embodiment, can obtain the effect identical with the grease replenishing device 420 of the bearing of the 19 embodiment.
The 22 embodiment
As shown in figure 31, in the grease replenishing device 450 of the bearing of the 22 embodiment, only in that to contain endless groove 451 that charging hole 417 forms on the periphery 414A of outer ring 414 different with the grease replenishing device 410 of the bearing of the 18 embodiment on the circular-arc or bending this point for section, other structure is identical with the 18 embodiment.
The 23 embodiment
Shown in figure 32, in the grease replenishing device 460 of the bearing of the 23 embodiment, only different with the grease replenishing device 410 of the bearing of the 18 embodiment on rolling bearing 461 this point of having used cylindrical roller etc., other structure is identical with the 18 embodiment.
According to the grease replenishing device 460 of the bearing of the 23 embodiment, can obtain the effect identical with the grease replenishing device 410 of the bearing of the 18 embodiment.
The 24 embodiment
As shown in figure 33, the bearing 470 of the 24 embodiment is the bearing that is used to have axle 471 integral body of bearing 411 and bearing 461, can obtain the effect identical with the grease replenishing device 410 of the bearing of the 18 embodiment.
The 25 embodiment
As shown in figure 34, the bearing 475 of the 25 embodiment has two or more than two outer ring charging holes 476 as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism).In addition, the symbol 477 among Figure 34 is lubricating grease complementary apertures, and label 478 is bearing outer rings, and label 479 is bearing outer ring outer peripheral face endless grooves.
With outer ring charging hole 476 be one situation relatively, be two when above, the short probability height of distance of lubricating grease complementary apertures 477 and outer ring charging hole 476.
This can obtain following effect, flows in outer ring charging hole 476 from the lubricating grease of lubricating grease complementary apertures 477 supplies, and is short to the distance of the inner supply lubricating grease of bearing from outer ring charging hole 476, can prevent that resistance that groove produces etc. from making lubricating grease flow out to bearing is outside.
The 26 embodiment
Shown in Figure 35 (a) and (b), in the bearing 480 of the 26 embodiment, grease replenishing all is not provided with in 360 ° on the circumference of outer ring with endless groove 481, and in the part endless groove 481 is set.Also can obtain the effect identical in this case with the bearing device for supplying 410 of the 18 embodiment.
The 27 embodiment
Shown in Figure 36 (a) and (b), in the bearing 490 of the 27 embodiment, otch 491 is set on periphery replaces described outer ring grease replenishing endless groove.Also can obtain the effect identical in this case with the bearing device for supplying 410 of the 18 embodiment.
The 28 embodiment
Shown in Figure 37 (a) and (b), in the bearing 495 of the 28 embodiment, bearing outer ring 485 quilt covers 415 and spacer ring etc. clip.And 485 outer diameter part is provided with otch 496 in the outer ring.In this case, the grease replenishing groove is not tubular shape but kerf, even this situation also can obtain the effect identical with the bearing device for supplying 410 of the 18 embodiment.
The 29 embodiment
Shown in Figure 38 (a) and (b), in the bearing 500 of the 29 embodiment, bearing outside diameter quilt cover 415 and spacer ring etc. clip.And the part of 485 the outer ring charging hole 484 that is provided with supply lubricating grease is provided with grease replenishing otch 501 in the outer ring.
This grease replenishing is set forr a short time than other diameter with otch 501.Also can obtain the effect identical this moment with the bearing device for supplying 410 of the 18 embodiment.
In addition, in described the 26 embodiment～the 29 embodiment, be provided with groove and otch, but also can on cover 415, otch be set, also can obtain same effect in this case at the outer ring outer diameter part.
Embodiment 3
Secondly, with reference to the leakage of the grease replenishing state of the grease replenishing device of the bearing of table 1 explanation the 18～the 29 embodiment, built-up time, lubricating grease.
Comparative example shown in the table 1 is that the grease replenishing device 1750 shown in Figure 121 of endless groove is not set between lubricating grease complementary apertures 1754 and charging hole 1755, device A is the grease replenishing device 410 of bearing shown in Figure 27, device B is the device that the gap L of the grease replenishing device 410 of bearing shown in Figure 27 is changed to 50 μ m, and device C is the grease replenishing device 430 of bearing shown in Figure 29.
Table 1
Grease replenishing amount: 0.05cc
Internal diameter * external diameter * width=65mm * 100mm * the 18mm of the bearing 411 that uses in the mensuration enclosed lubricating grease in advance before bearing 411 is inserted cover in the endless groove 418 of outer ring 414.
Comparative example, device A～C to such preparation with the lubricating grease of the condition determination shown in the table 1 to bearing internal feed 0.05cc, and measure the grease replenishing state.
Consequently, by form endless groove 418 on the periphery 414A of the outer ring of bearing 411, can confirm to overlap charging hole 417 bit manipulation 20 minutes with comparative example are compared of 415 lubricating grease complementary apertures 416 and outer ring 414, device A～C only brought up to need 1 minute.
In addition, can confirm as long as the gap L between cover 415 and the outer ring 414 is for being equal to or less than 50 μ m, even then as shown in figure 29 the 20 embodiment is not such, form pair of outside endless groove 431, and with in each outside endless groove 431 of O type sealing ring embedding, also not can from overlap 415 and outer ring 414 between the gap spill lubricating grease, lubricating grease by supply to bearing 411 inside.
In addition, the invention is not restricted to described embodiment, can carry out suitable distortion, improvement etc., as long as the material of illustrative bearing 411,461, outer ring 414, cover 415, lubricating grease complementary apertures 416, charging hole 417, endless groove 418,421, outside endless groove 431,441, O type sealing ring 432,442 etc., shape, size, form, quantity, allocation position, gauge etc. can be realized effect of the present invention in described embodiment, then can set arbitrarily, and without limits.
Embodiment 4
Estimated under following condition, as bearing outer ring outer peripheral face endless groove cross-sectional area Al (mm 2) and endless groove section girth (mm) when concerning for what kind of lubricating grease by supply to bearing inside, carried out evaluation test 1.
It the results are shown in table 2.
Table 2
Test No 1-1 1-2 103 1-4 1-5 1-6
The endless groove shape Figure 39 (a) Figure 39 (b) Figure 39 (c) Figure 39 (d) Figure 39 (e) Figure 39 (f)
Endless groove cross-sectional area Al (mm 2) 2.1 2.1 1.4 1.45 1.04 1.05
Endless groove section girth (mm) 6.6 7.4 5.4 6.6 4.2 4.4
Endless groove cross-sectional area Al (mm 2)/endless groove section girth 0.32 0.28 0.26 0.22 0.25 0.24
The inner result that discharges of bearing ○ ○ ○ × ○ ×
The condition of evaluation test 1 is as follows:
Use bearing: internal diameter * external diameter * width=70mm * 110mm * 20mm
6 shapes of diametric plane ring-type section configuration: Figure 39 (a)～(f) outside the outer ring
The phase relation of cover lubricating grease complementary apertures and outer ring charging hole: 180 degree
Can confirm by this table 2, at endless groove cross-sectional area Al (mm 2) be that 0.25 (mm) is when above, to the inner lubricating grease of discharging of bearing than the value of endless groove section girth (mm).
In addition, on this outer peripheral face, be provided with the groove of ring-type, also can obtain same effect but on the cover inner peripheral surface, groove is set at bearing outer ring.
Embodiment 5
As shown in figure 34, two charging holes are set on the outer ring, making the lubricating grease complementary apertures of cover and each phase place of outer ring charging hole is 90 degree.At this moment, carry out evaluation test 2, whether estimate from the cover complementary apertures by outer ring endless groove and outer ring charging hole to the inner supply lubricating grease of bearing with following experimental condition.
It the results are shown in table 3.
Table 3
Test No 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5
The gap of diametric plane and cover outside the outer ring 20 30 40 20 30
Length Smm (with reference to Figure 40) 1 1 1 0.5 0.5
The inner result that discharges of bearing ○ ○ × ○ ×
Zero: discharge *: do not discharge
The condition of evaluation test 2 is as follows:
Use bearing: internal diameter * external diameter * width=70mm * 110mm * 20mm
The shape of diametric plane endless groove section configuration: Figure 39 (e) outside the outer ring
The gap of diametric plane and cover outside the outer ring: 20,30,40 μ m
The length S (with reference to Figure 40) of the part that outer diametric plane of bearing outer ring and cover join vertically: 0.5,1.0 (mm)
Can be confirmed that by this table 3 if the gap of outer diametric plane in outer ring and cover is equal to or less than 30 μ m, the length S of the part that bearing outer ring outer peripheral face and cover join vertically is equal to or greater than 1mm, then lubricating grease is to the inner discharge of bearing.
Be provided with two outer ring charging holes specifically, making the lubricating grease complementary apertures of cover and the phase place of outer ring charging hole is 90 degree, but the angle beyond 90 degree also can obtain identical effect.
In addition, be provided with two bearing outer ring charging holes, but when being provided with one as long as each phase place of the grease replenishing hole of cover and outer ring charging hole is also can obtain identical effect in 90 degree time.
In addition, illustrate angular contact ball bearing among Figure 40, but deep trouth rolling bearing or roller bearing also can obtain identical effect.
In addition, be provided with the groove of ring-type, also can obtain identical effect but on the cover inner peripheral surface, endless groove is set at this outer peripheral face at bearing outer ring.
More than, according to the 18～the 29 embodiment, face the endless groove of charging hole, or contain the endless groove of charging hole in the periphery formation of outer ring in the interior week formation of cover.Therefore, to the lubricating grease inflow endless groove of the lubricating grease complementary apertures supply of overlapping, flow into the charging hole of outer ring via endless groove.Then, flow into the inside of the lubricating grease inflow bearing of charging hole.Like this, can make the lubricating grease of the lubricating grease complementary apertures that supplies to cover via the inside of endless groove supply to bearing.
In addition, in described embodiment, by face the endless groove of charging hole in the interior week formation of cover, or form the endless groove that contains charging hole in the periphery of outer ring, when putting the assembling bearing, even the charging hole of outer ring is not aimed at the lubricating grease complementary apertures of cover, also can lubricating grease complementary apertures and charging hole be communicated with via endless groove.Thus, can not lose time and simply bearing group is contained in puts, so can seek productive raising.
In addition, in described embodiment, when putting the assembling bearing,,, alleviate operator's burden so can make the operation of assembling simple because lubricating grease complementary apertures and charging hole are aimed at.
In described embodiment, the periphery in the outer ring, and at the formation outside, the both sides of charging hole endless groove, simultaneously, in the interior week of cover, and at the formation outside, the both sides of charging hole endless groove, and be embedded in O type sealing ring, thereby can prevent that lubricating grease from flowing out at the pair of outside endless groove.
In described embodiment, by will overlap and the outer ring between the gap establish and be equal to or less than 30 μ m, reduce to overlap and the outer ring between the gap.Thus, the lubricating grease that flows in the endless groove does not flow out from the gap between cover and the outer ring, can prevent that supply from going out the bearing outside with grease flow.
The 30 embodiment
The grease replenishing system as grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of the 30 embodiment of the present invention below is described.
Figure 41 is the profile of bearing arrangement 700 that constitutes the main shaft device of the 30 embodiment of the present invention.Bearing arrangement 700 has main shaft 701, cover 702, is embedded on the main shaft 701 outward and is embedded in the angular contact ball bearing 710,710 that overlaps on 702.Main shaft 701 can be situated between by angular contact ball bearing 710,710 with respect to cover 702 rotations.
Main shaft 701 is connected on the not shown rotary drive mechanisms such as motor, utilizes the driving of rotary drive mechanism and rotates.In the present embodiment, the high rotation speed of main shaft 701 is set to 2000min -1
Each angular contact ball bearing 710 has inner ring 713, outer ring 714, as the ball 715 and the guard ring 716 of rolling element.Inner ring 713 outer being embedded on the main shaft 701 have the inner race track 713a with ball 715 guiding outer circumferential sides.Outer ring 714 is embedded on the cover 702, has the outer race track 714a with all sides in ball 715 guiding.
Ball 715 is rolled between the inner race track 714a of the inner race track 713a that is configured in inner ring 713 freely and outer ring 714.Guard ring 716 keeps ball 715 freely circumferential uniformly-spaced the rolling.Outer ring 714 is at the axial one-sided tapering 714c that has.Below, an axial side that will be formed with the tapering is called face side, and opposite side is called rear side.In the present embodiment, each rear side of a pair of angular contact ball bearing 710 is disposed by subtend, promptly with back side combination shape (DB) configuration.
Dispose along main shaft 701 respectively in 713 of each inner rings of angular contact ball bearing 710,710 and 714 of each outer rings and overlap the inner ring spacer ring 705 and the outer ring spacer rings 706 of 702 configurations.Each inner ring 713 and inner ring spacer ring 705 and each outer ring 714 and outer ring spacer ring 706 are pressured by inner ring casting die 703,707 and outer ring casting die 704, give each bearing prepressing force.Between inner ring casting die 703 and outer ring casting die 704, form not shown gap, between two casting dies, form the labyrinth.
On cover 702, be provided with the grease box that append lubricating grease 720,720 of storage to angular contact ball bearing 710,710 inner supplies.On grease box 720, be communicated with and give fat nozzle 722.Being situated between for fat nozzle 722 is inserted in the charging hole 714b that forms on each outer ring 714,714 of angular contact ball bearing 710,710 by the through hole 702a that connects cover 702.In the plunger 721 above the lubricating grease of appending of preserving in each grease box 720 inside.Appending lubricating grease follows the action of piston 721 to be situated between by giving fat nozzle 722 and radially supply in angular contact ball bearing 710 of charging hole 714b.
On bearing arrangement 700, be assembled with the turn-sensitive device 640 that detects main shaft 701 rotary speeies.Turn-sensitive device 640 and main shaft 701 subtends, the pulse signal that sign generates corresponding main shaft 701 rotary speeies is detected in the slit, magnet, projection etc. that are formed on main shaft 701 by detection.
Figure 42 is the block diagram as the grease replenishing system of the grease replenishing device of present embodiment.This grease replenishing system have impedance type to fat device 610, as control device of the present invention control device 620, turn-sensitive device 640, grease box 720, give fat nozzle 722, magnetic valve 730 and compressor 740.
Impedance type carries out the open and close controlling of magnetic valve 730,730 from the indication of control device 620 to fat device 610 bases.Impedance type is being received grease replenishing when indication to fat device 610 from control device 620, open magnetic valve 730,730 with the stipulated time.
Compressor 740 is situated between by magnetic valve 730,730 auxiliary air in grease box 720,720 under the state that magnetic valve 730 is opened, and the piston 721 in each grease box 720 is exerted pressure.The piston 721 that has applied pressure is pressed into the lubricating grease in the grease box 720 dirty, is situated between by appending lubricating grease to the supply of the inside of bearing arrangement 700 for fat nozzle 722.On the other hand, under magnetic valve 730 closing state, interdicted by magnetic valve 730 from the air of compressor 740.At this moment, on grease box 720, do not transmit pressure, append not supply in bearing arrangement 700 of lubricating grease.
Figure 43 is a block diagram of representing present embodiment control device 620 in detail.Control device 620 has CPU621, pulse detector 622 and RAM623.
Pulse detector 622 based on from the pulse signal of turn-sensitive device 640 each unit interval (being 1 second in the present embodiment), promptly calculate the rotary speed of the main shaft 701 of bearing arrangement 700 in real time.Pulse detector 622 is delivered to CPU621 with the rotary speed data of the main shaft 701 of calculating by each unit interval.
RAM623 is the fixed storage portion that is used for the program or the data of store predetermined, even the dump of control device 620 also can utilize accessory power supply maintenance memory contents such as battery.In the present embodiment, grease replenishing variable control program at interval is stored in the RAM623.RAM623 can be from being connected external equipments such as computer 630 access datas on the control device 620, and can be situated between by external equipment 630 rewriting programs etc.External equipment 630 also can be situated between and be connected by networks such as LAN, internets.
CPU621 controls the each several part of control device 620 with being all together.CPU621 starts the variable control program that is stored in the RAM623, reads rotary speed data from pulse detector 622 at every turn, all is used for the processing that grease replenishing is regularly calculated according to variable control program.
The variable control program of present embodiment is divided into the rotary speed zone stop area, low-speed region, reaches three zones of high-speed region, the addition calculated value that has regulation separately on each rotary speed zone.Specifically, stop area is that the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is 0min -1The zone, low-speed region is that the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is for greater than 0min -1Be equal to or less than 18000min -1The zone, high-speed region is that the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is greater than 18000min -1The zone.At this, be addition calculated value at stop position with 0, low-speed region is an addition calculated value with 1, is addition calculated value at high-speed region with 10.
CPU621 when giving the rotary speed of main shaft 701, judges which rotary speed zone is the rotary speed of this moment belong to according to variable control program at every turn.Then, increase the addition calculated value corresponding on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623 with the corresponding rotation velocity band.Then, CPU621 reaches when being equal to or greater than set upper limit at aggregate-value, carries the grease replenishings indication to impedance type to fat device 610.
At this, the upper limit of aggregate-value is set to 900000.This is worthwhile to be by the value of carrying out supply in 25 hours when high-speed region turns round continuously.This decision upper limit of aggregate-value and the addition calculated value (10) of high-speed region, main shaft 701 is at high rotation speed 22000min -1Under the bearing time to rupture be 100 hours, for safety, the grease replenishing time is controlled to be in 20～40% the value of time to rupture.In addition, the addition calculated value of low-speed region (1) is considered the cut off value 18000min at low-speed region and high-speed region -1Under time to rupture be 1000 hours, when bearing arrangement 100 in low-speed region continuously during running, the upper limit of decision aggregate-value and the addition calculated value of low-speed region are to be equivalent to 250 hours supply lubricating grease of time to rupture 25%.
Figure 44 is the flow chart that is used to calculate the grease replenishing processing regularly of present embodiment.The grease replenishing timing computational algorithm (program) of present embodiment below is described.
The pulse detector 622 of control device 620 was calculated the rotary speed of main shaft 701 based on the pulse signal of turn-sensitive device 640 every 1 second, and rotary speed data is delivered to CPU621.CPU621 receives, writes rotary speed data (step S1).
The CPU621 that writes rotary speed data judges at first whether main shaft 701 stops (step S2).At this, being judged as when stopping, adding 0 (step S3) on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623, move to step S4.And, walk around step S3 being judged as when not stopping, moving to step S4.
Secondly, CPU621 judges whether the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is low-speed region (step S4).At this, when being positioned at low-speed region, add 1 (step S5) on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623, move to step S6.And when not being positioned at low-speed region, walk around step S5, move to step S6.
Secondly, CPU621 judges whether main axis rotation speed is in high-speed region (step S6).At this, when being positioned at high-speed region, add 10 (step S7) on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623, move to step S8.And when not being positioned at high-speed region, walk around step S7, move to step S8.
Then, CPU621 confirms to be stored in the aggregate-value in the RAM623, judges whether aggregate-value is equal to or greater than 900000 (step S8).Be equal to or greater than at 900000 o'clock at aggregate-value, carry grease replenishing indication (to the fat indication) (step S9) to impedance type to fat device 610, it is 0 (step S10) that aggregate-value is removed.Then, wait for the arrival of the rotary speed data of next time,, return step S1 for receiving rotary speed data.And at aggregate-value less than 900000 o'clock, wait for the arrival of rotary speed data, be to receive rotary speed data, return step S1.By above operation, control device 620 is calculated grease replenishing regularly, and the grease replenishing indication is delivered to impedance type in the fat device 610.
Then, impedance type is sent valve opening signal to fat device 610 to magnetic valve 730,730, in official hour magnetic valve 730,730 is changed to open mode from closed condition.When magnetic valve 730,730 became open mode, air Jie who sends from compressor 740 supplied to grease box 720,720 by magnetic valve 730,730, and the piston 721,721 in grease box 720,720 is exerted pressure.The piston 721 that has applied pressure is pressed into the lubricating grease in the grease box 720 to dirty, be situated between by appending lubricating grease to the supply of the inside of bearing arrangement 700 for fat nozzle 722.Through behind the official hour, impedance type makes magnetic valve 730,730 place closed condition to fat device 610, finishes the supply of appending lubricating grease.
Figure 45 is the time diagram of the grease replenishing action of present embodiment.Figure 45 (a) is the diagram that changes the time of rotary speed, Figure 45 (b) is the diagram that changes the time of aggregate-value, Figure 45 (c) is based on the supply diagram regularly of the grease replenishing Time Calculation algorithm decision of described present embodiment, and Figure 45 (d) is (25 hours) supply when carrying out supply diagram regularly at regular intervals.
By Figure 45 (a) and Figure 45 (b) as can be known, when the rotary speed of main shaft 701 was positioned at high-speed region, the tendency that aggregate-value increases was big, and when the rotary speed of main shaft 701 was positioned at low-speed region, the tendency that aggregate-value increases was little.In addition, when main shaft 701 stopped, aggregate-value did not increase.That is, when rotary speed was fast, the increase of aggregate-value was fast, so grease replenishing shortens at interval, when rotary speed was slow, the increase of aggregate-value was slow, so grease replenishing increases at interval.In addition, when main shaft 701 does not rotate, not supply lubricating grease.
In addition, when comparing Figure 45 (c) and Figure 45 (d), under situation according to present embodiment, the rotary speed of corresponding main shaft 701 is lubricated the fat supply, but when official hour carries out supply, with the size of rotary speed or have or not irrelevant to rotation, supply lubricating grease termly.In the present embodiment, the speed of respective shaft bearing apparatus, i.e. the deterioration state of lubricating grease supply lubricating grease suitably, but in the conventional method is and the deterioration state of lubricating grease supply lubricating grease irrespectively.Like this, according to present embodiment, the supply number of times reduces than existing supply number of times, and can be at suitable timing supply lubricating grease.
More than, according to present embodiment, read the rotary speed of main shaft 701 every 1 second.Rotary speed zone corresponding rotation speed is divided into stop area, low-speed region, three zones of high-speed region, and with corresponding each regional addition calculated value and aggregate-value addition.And, only reach setting or during greater than setting at aggregate-value, control device 620 to impedance type to the fat device 610 indications append grease replenishing.Therefore, but the rotation frequency of respective shaft bearing apparatus, the i.e. deterioration state of lubricating grease supply lubricating grease suitably.In addition, when control device 620 did not rotate at main shaft device 701, aggregate-value added 0, did not increase aggregate-value.Thus, when main shaft 701 is non-rotating state, the waste that does not produce supply lubricating grease.Therefore, can suppress the invalid heating that the stirring resistance of superfluous lubricating grease causes.Therefore, the faults such as bearing sintering that can cause heating up unusually prevent trouble before it happens, and the installation accuracy of main shaft 701 can be maintained high state, can realize the long lifetime of bearing.
In addition, though in the present embodiment, grease replenishing device has used impedance type to the fat device, be not limited thereto, as long as can be when aggregate-value meets or exceeds setting, and can to the then any device of the device of bearing 710,710 supply lubricating grease.For example can use quantitative discharge type to the fat device.
Use the combined angular contact ball bearing 710,710 in the back side in the present embodiment, but be not limited thereto, also can use positive combination type angular contact ball bearing.In addition, also can use other rolling bearings such as the rolling bearing of other kind or roller bearing.
In the present embodiment, addition calculated value is 10 at high-speed region, is 1 at low-speed region, is 0 when stopping, but is not limited thereto, can corresponding main shaft 701 and the user mode of bearing 710 set suitable desirable value.In addition, the maximum of aggregate-value can consider that also user mode or durability etc. are set at desirable value.
In the present embodiment, be to calculate rotary speed, but also can suitably be set at desirable value every 1 second.
The 31 embodiment
The grease replenishing system as grease replenishing device of the 31 embodiment of the present invention below is described.In addition, in the present embodiment,,, suitably omit the explanation of record for avoiding repetition about the key element enumerated with the 30 embodiment and identical structure.
In the present embodiment, the structure of grease replenishing system is identical with the structure of the 30 embodiment.In the present embodiment, the grease replenishing that starts in control device 620, carries out a variable control program part regularly is different.
The variable control program of present embodiment is divided into stop area, low-speed region, intermediate speed region and four zones of high-speed region, the addition calculated value that has regulation on each rotary speed zone with the rotary speed zone.Specifically, stop area is that the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is 0min -1The zone, low-speed region is that the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is greater than 0min -1And be equal to or less than 14000min -1The zone, intermediate speed region is that the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is greater than 14000min -1And be equal to or less than 18000min -1The zone, high-speed region is that the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is greater than 18000min -1The zone.At this, be addition calculated value at stop position with 0, low-speed region is an addition calculated value with 0.1, is addition calculated value in intermediate speed region with 1, is addition calculated value at high-speed region with 10.
CPU621 when giving the rotary speed of main shaft 701, judges which rotary speed zone is the rotary speed of this moment belong to according to variable control program at every turn.And, increase the addition calculated value corresponding on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623 with the corresponding rotation velocity band.And CPU621 is reaching when being equal to or greater than aggregate-value, carries the grease replenishings indication to impedance type to fat device 610.Also identical with the 30 embodiment at this, the upper limit of aggregate-value is set as 900000.
Figure 46 is the flow chart that is used to calculate the grease replenishing processing regularly of present embodiment.Below the grease replenishing of explanation present embodiment is regularly calculated algorithm.
The pulse detector 622 of control device 620 was calculated the rotary speed of main shaft 701 based on the pulse signal of turn-sensitive device 640 every 1 second, carry rotary speed data to CPU621.CPU621 receives and reads in rotary speed data (step S11).
The CPU621 that reads in rotary speed data judges at first whether main shaft 701 stops (step S12).At this, when stopping, adding 0 (step S13) on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623, move to step S14.And when not stopping, walking around step S13, move to step S14.
Secondly, CPU621 judges whether the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is low-speed region (step S14).At this, when being positioned at low-speed region, add 0.1 (step S15) on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623, move to step S16.And when not being positioned at low-speed region, walk around step S15, move to step S16.
Secondly, CPU621 judges whether the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is intermediate speed region (step S16).At this, when being positioned at intermediate speed region, add 1 (step S17) on the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623, move to step S18.And when not being positioned at intermediate speed region, walk around step S17, move to step S18.
Secondly, CPU621 judges whether the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is high-speed region (step S18).At this, when being positioned at high-speed region, the aggregate-value in being stored in RAM623 adds 10 (step S19), moves to step S20.And when not being positioned at high-speed region, walk around step S19, move to step S20.
Then, CPU621 confirms to be stored in the aggregate-value in the RAM623, judges whether aggregate-value is equal to or greater than 900000 (step S20).Be equal to or greater than at 900000 o'clock at aggregate-value, carry grease replenishing indication (to the fat indication) (step S21) to fat device 610, aggregate-value is put 0 (step S22) to impedance type.Then, wait for the arrival of the rotary speed data of next time,, return step S11 for receiving rotary speed data.And at aggregate-value less than 900000 o'clock, wait for the arrival of rotary speed data, be to receive rotary speed data, return step S11.
According to above situation, control device 620 is calculated grease replenishing regularly, and the grease replenishing indication is delivered to impedance type in the fat device 610.
Then, impedance type is sent valve opening signal to fat device 610 to magnetic valve 730,730, in official hour magnetic valve 730,730 is changed to open mode from closed condition.After magnetic valve 730,730 became open mode, the air of sending from compressor 740 was situated between by magnetic valve 730,730 to grease box 720,720 supplies, and the piston 721,721 in grease box 720,720 is exerted pressure.The piston 721 that has applied pressure is pressed into the lubricating grease in the grease box 720 to dirty, be situated between by appending lubricating grease to the supply of the inside of bearing arrangement 700 for fat nozzle 722.Through behind the official hour, impedance type makes magnetic valve 730,730 form closed condition to fat device 610, finishes the supply of appending lubricating grease.
Figure 47 is the time diagram of the grease replenishing action of present embodiment.Figure 47 (a) is the diagram that changes the time of rotary speed, Figure 47 (b) is the diagram that changes the time of aggregate-value, the grease replenishing that Figure 47 (c) is based on present embodiment is regularly calculated the supply diagram regularly of algorithm decision, and Figure 47 (d) is (25 hours) supply when carrying out supply diagram regularly at regular intervals.
By Figure 47 (a) and Figure 47 (b) as can be known, when the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is positioned at high-speed region, the tendency that aggregate-value increases is big, when the rotary speed of main shaft 701 is positioned at intermediate speed region, the tendency that aggregate-value increases is little, when the rotary speed of main shaft 701 was positioned at low-speed region, the tendency that aggregate-value increases was small.In addition, when main shaft 701 stopped, aggregate-value did not increase.That is, when rotary speed was fast, the increase of aggregate-value was fast, thus grease replenishing shorten at interval, when rotary speed is slow, because the increase of aggregate-value is slow, so grease replenishing increases at interval.In addition, when main shaft 701 does not rotate, not supply lubricating grease.
In addition, compare Figure 47 (c) and Figure 47 (d) as can be known, according to present embodiment, the rotary speed of corresponding main shaft 701 is lubricated the fat supply, and when official hour carries out supply, with the size of rotary speed or have or not irrelevant to rotation, supply lubricating grease termly.In the present embodiment, the rotation frequency of respective shaft bearing apparatus, i.e. the deterioration state of lubricating grease supply lubricating grease suitably, but in the conventional method is with the deterioration state of lubricating grease supply lubricating grease irrespectively.Like this, according to present embodiment, the supply number of times reduces than existing supply number of times, and can be at suitable timing supply lubricating grease.
More than, according to present embodiment, read the rotary speed of main shaft 701 every 1 second.Rotary speed zone corresponding rotation speed is divided into stop area, low-speed region, intermediate speed region, four zones of high-speed region, with corresponding each regional addition calculated value and aggregate-value addition.And, only reach when being equal to or greater than setting at aggregate-value, control device 620 to impedance type to the fat device 610 indications append grease replenishing.Therefore, but the rotation frequency of respective shaft bearing apparatus, the i.e. deterioration state of lubricating grease supply lubricating grease suitably.In addition, when control device 620 did not rotate at main shaft device 701, aggregate-value added 0, did not increase aggregate-value.Thus, when main shaft 701 is non-rotating state, the waste that does not produce supply lubricating grease.Therefore, can suppress the invalid heating that the stirring impedance of superfluous lubricating grease causes.Therefore, the faults such as bearing sintering that can cause heating up unusually prevent trouble before it happens, and the installation accuracy of main shaft 701 can be maintained high state, can realize the long lifetime of bearing.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the rotary speed zone is divided into four-stage, has set addition calculated value, compares with the 30 embodiment, can further determine grease replenishing regularly accurately by corresponding actual rotary state.
In the present embodiment, the lubricating grease feedway has used impedance type to the fat device, but is not limited thereto, so long as can be to the device of bearing 710,710 supply lubricating grease when aggregate-value is equal to or greater than setting, then any device.For example can use quantitative discharge type to the fat device.
Use the combined angular contact ball bearing 710,710 in the back side in the present embodiment, but be not limited thereto, also can use positive combination type angular contact ball bearing.In addition, also can use other rolling bearings such as the rolling bearing of other kind or roller bearing.
In the present embodiment, addition calculated value is 10 at high-speed region, is 1 in intermediate speed region, is 0.1 at low-speed region, is 0 when stopping, but is not limited thereto, can corresponding main shaft 701 and the user mode of bearing 710 suitably set the value of consumption.In addition, the maximum of aggregate-value can consider that also user mode or durability etc. are set at desirable value.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the rotary speed zone is divided into 4 stages, has set addition calculated value, but be not limited thereto, also can be according to the suitable number of cutting apart of setting the rotary speed zone of situation.For example, rotary speed in using is changed big situation, can consider to cut apart number and easily adapt to the grease replenishing of the degradation of actual lubricating grease by increase.And under the almost indeclinable situation of rotary speed, also can only use for example stop area and two zones of movable area.
In the present embodiment, calculated rotary speed, but also can be set at suitable desirable value every 1 second.
The 32 embodiment
The grease replenishing system as grease replenishing device of the 32 embodiment of the present invention below is described.
Figure 48 is the profile of bearing arrangement 800 that constitutes the main shaft device of the 32 embodiment of the present invention.Bearing arrangement 800 has main shaft 801, cover 802, is embedded on the main shaft 801 outward and is embedded in the angular contact ball bearing 810,810 that overlaps on 802.Main shaft 801 can be situated between by angular contact ball bearing 810,810 with respect to cover 802 rotations.
Main shaft 801 is connected on the not shown rotary drive mechanisms such as motor, utilizes the driving of rotary drive mechanism and rotates.In the present embodiment, the high rotation speed of main shaft 801 is set to 22000min -1
Each angular contact ball bearing 810 has inner ring 813, outer ring 814, as the ball 815 and the guard ring 816 of rolling element.Inner ring 813 outer being embedded on the main shaft 801 have the inner race track 813a with ball 815 guiding outer circumferential sides.Outer ring 814 is embedded on the cover 802, has the outer race track 814a with all sides in ball 815 guiding.
Ball 815 is rolled between the inner race track 814a of the inner race track 813a that is configured in inner ring 813 freely and outer ring 814.Guard ring 816 keeps ball 815 freely circumferential uniformly-spaced the rolling.Outer ring 814 is at the axial one-sided tapering 814c that has.In the present embodiment, each rear side of a pair of angular contact ball bearing 810 is disposed by subtend.Promptly dispose with back side combined shaped (DB).
Dispose along main shaft 801 respectively in 813 of each inner rings of angular contact ball bearing 810,810 and 814 of outer rings and overlap the inner ring spacer ring 805 and the outer ring spacer rings 806 of 802 configurations.Inner ring 813 and inner ring spacer ring 805 and outer ring 814 and outer ring spacer ring 806 give each bearing prepressing force by the inner ring casting die 803,807 and outer ring casting die 804 application of forces.Between inner ring casting die 803 and outer ring casting die 804, form not shown gap, between two casting dies, form the labyrinth.
On the outer ring of present embodiment spacer ring 806, form with from overlap 802 radially charging hole 802a, 802a and charging hole 806a, the 806a of formation be communicated with, and at charging hole 806b, the 806b of the lateral opening of angular contact ball bearing 810,810.
Be provided with storage on 802 respectively to the grease box that appends lubricating grease 720,720 of angular contact ball bearing 810,810 inner supplies at cover.On grease box 720,720, be communicated with respectively and give fat nozzle 722,722.Be inserted in the charging hole 806a that forms on the outer ring spacer ring 806 for front end Jie of fat nozzle 722 by the through hole 802a that connects cover 802.Appending lubricating grease follows the action of piston 721 to be situated between by giving fat nozzle 722 and charging hole 806a and roughly supply in angular contact ball bearing 810 vertically of 806b.
The turn-sensitive device 640 that detects main shaft 801 rotary speeies is installed on bearing arrangement 800.Turn-sensitive device 640 and main shaft 801 subtends are formed on slit on the main shaft 801, magnet, projection etc. by detection and detect the pulse signal that sign generates corresponding main shaft 801 rotary speeies.
Structure beyond the bearing arrangement 800 is identical with the structure that is recorded in the 30 embodiment or the 31 embodiment.In the present embodiment,, also the rotary speed zone can be divided into three, decide grease replenishing regularly, also can as the 31 embodiment, the rotary speed zone be divided into four, decide grease replenishing regularly as the 30 embodiment.
Also identical in described bearing arrangement 800 with the 30 embodiment or the 31 embodiment, by the decision grease replenishing regularly, the superfluous grease replenishing that appends can be saved,, the grease replenishing number of times can be reduced by by suitable timing supply lubricating grease.
The 33 embodiment
Below, the grease replenishing system as grease replenishing device of the 33 embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to Figure 49～Figure 55.
Figure 49 is the diagram of main shaft device that contains the grease replenishing system 900 of present embodiment, and Figure 50 is the diagram that the axle 750 after the grease replenishing system 900 of present embodiment is installed.Grease replenishing system 900 has on can being situated between by the axle 750 of a plurality of rolling bearing swivel bearing main shafts 771 and the structure of establishing grease replenishing unit 910.
This axle 750 is used the angular contact ball bearing 751 of band outer ring grooved and cylinder roller bearing 752 supporting spindles 771 of a charging hole is set in a side in collar bush 761.In addition, the axle 750 of Figure 50 is for ease of illustration, and uses different types of bearing, but also can be only be made of the bearing of identical type.
Collar bush 761 has cover main body 762, embedded front side shaft bearing sleeve 763 and the embedded rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 746 that is fixed on cover main body 762 rear sides (right side among the figure) that is fixed on cover main body 762 front ends (left side among the figure).Be provided with outer ring casting die 765 and embedded casting die 766 in the end of front side shaft bearing sleeve 763, between outer ring casting die 765 and inner ring casting die 766, be formed with labyrinth sealing.The rear end face quilt cover 770 of collar bush 761 covers.
Outside main shaft 771 is embedded on described bearing holder (housing, cover) 763 two angular contact ball bearings 751,751 of embedding and on rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 764 outside on the cylinder roller bearing 752 of embedding, by collar bush 761 rotations supporting freely.Configuration outer ring spacer ring 780 between the outer ring of two angular contact ball bearings 751,751, configuration inner ring spacer ring 776 between inner ring.
Build-in rotor 786 outside the axial substantial middle portion of main shaft 771 separates predetermined distance arranged coaxial stator 787 in the outer peripheral face side of rotor 786.Stator 787 is situated between and is fixed on the cover main body 762 by the stator fixing 788 that is configured in stator 787 outer peripheral face sides.Circumferential direction along main shaft 771 between cover main body 762 and stator fixing 788 is formed with a plurality of grooves 778.The cooling cold-producing medium of mobile stator 787 in these a plurality of grooves 778.
Equally, between cover main body 762 and front side shaft bearing sleeve 763, be formed with a plurality of grooves 777 of cover and bearing cooling at the position that the outer circumferential side with angular contact ball bearing 751,751 contacts with flow of refrigerant.
Circumferentially offer three grease replenishing mouths 792 (Figure 50 only illustrates) that supply is used for being lubricated to bearing 751,751,752 respectively the lubricating grease of fat supply in the rear end face upper edge of this collar bush 761.These three grease replenishing mouths 792 are communicated with the lubricating grease that are formed in cover main body 762, front side shaft bearing sleeve 763 and the rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 764 respectively and supply with road 793a, 793b, 793c (among Figure 50 for convenience of description, at each grease replenishing road 793a of same cross-section illustration, 793b, 793c).Thus, the spindle unit 750 of present embodiment can be lubricated the fat supply by grease replenishing pipe 940 from being located at outside grease replenishing unit 910 Jie in collar bush 761.
Grease replenishing road 793a is communicated with the opening 796 that corresponding single row roller bearing 752 outer ring sides form, grease replenishing road 793b is communicated with the opening 794 that correspondence is disposed at the angular contact ball bearing 751 outer ring sides formation of front side (figure left side), in addition, grease replenishing road 793c is communicated with the opening 795 that correspondence is disposed at the angular contact ball bearing 751 outer ring sides formation of rear side (figure central authorities).Thus, independently supplied to the outer ring side of each bearing 751,751,752 from the lubricating grease of grease replenishing unit 910 supplies.Opening 794,795,796 is communicated with the charging hole that forms on each bearing 751,751,752, lubricating grease is situated between independent of the inner supply of bearing space by charging hole.
Next illustrates grease replenishing system 900.Grease replenishing system 900 from air source 901 to grease replenishing unit 910 air supplies, with the lubricating grease in the grease replenishing unit 910 to axle 750 supplies.Below, describe each parts that constitutes grease replenishing system 900 in detail.
Between air source 901 and grease replenishing unit 910, be provided with air cleaner 902, adjuster 903, magnetic valve 904 and air pressure sensor 905.At first, each parts that is provided with are described between air source 901 and grease replenishing unit 910.
Air cleaner 902 is removed airborne dust of sending from air source 901 etc.Air by air cleaner 902 is sent in the adjuster 903.
The pressure of the air that adjuster 903 will be sent here from the upper reaches is adjusted to the setting value of regulation.The air that forms suitable pressure by adjuster 903 is sent in the magnetic valve 904.
The air that magnetic valve 904 switchings will be sent here from air source 901 is to being set at the air supply road 930 that dirty grease replenishing unit 901 sides are sent.These magnetic valve 904 correspondences are carried out switch motion from the electric current that is arranged on controller outside 906 and sends here.The switch condition of magnetic valve 904 is with aftermentioned.
Air is arranged near the downstream side of magnetic valve 904 with pressure sensor 905.This air is situated between with pressure sensor 905 and detects the air pressure that flows to grease replenishing unit 910 sides by magnetic valve 904, works as the sensor that is used to monitor.Specifically, air reaches the pressure of regulation with pressure sensor 905 at detected pressure and sends the ON signal to controller 906 when above.Thus, air will be from the advisory controller 906 of the air of magnetic valve 904 more than grease replenishing unit 910 side inflow authorized pressures with pressure sensor 905.
Grease replenishing unit 910 is the unit to each bearing 751,751,752 supply lubricating grease of axle 750.This grease replenishing unit 910 comprises: lubricating grease pressure sensor 911; Horizon sensor 912; Inside has not shown piston, and stores the grease box 913 of lubricating grease; Each constant volume discharge device 914 with the lubricating grease in a certain amount of discharge grease box 913.
Jie by the air shown in Figure 49 supply with road 930 from air source 901 to grease replenishing unit 910 air supply.This air is that grease box 913 and constant volume discharge device 914 are supplied with to being used for the container of ormal weight storage to the lubricating grease of axle 750 supplies.In the grease box 913, when air flows in the grease box 913, utilize air to push to be located at the piston in the grease box 913, the lubricating grease in the grease box 913 are pressurizeed.Lubricating grease after the pressurization is sent to constant volume discharge device 914, is filled in the constant volume discharge device 914.
At constant volume discharge device 914, identical with grease box 913, when magnetic valve 904ON, be supplied to air, the air of supplying with is pushed and is located at inner not shown piston, a certain amount of lubricating grease that is filled in inside is sent in grease replenishing pipe 940 (diagram is three among Figure 49) at every turn.These three grease replenishing pipes 940 are situated between and are communicated with grease replenishing road 793a, 793b, 793c respectively by the grease replenishing hole 792 in axle 750 upper sheds.Lubricating grease Jie who discharges from constant volume discharge device 914 delivers to grease replenishing road 793a, 793b, 793c by grease replenishing pipe 940, each bearing 751,751, the 752 inner supply lubricating grease to axle 750 inside.
At this, the action behind the magnetic valve 904 is opened in simple declaration.When magnetic valve 904 is opened, just supply with from the air in air source 901 to grease box 913 and constant volume discharge device 914, push each piston of being located in grease box 913 and the constant volume discharge device 914.Under this state, the lubricating grease of grease box 913 inside becomes pressurized state.And the piston in the constant volume discharge device 914 is lubricated the fat supply to the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the constant volume discharge device 914 to axle 750.And when magnetic valve 904 cut out, the piston in the constant volume discharge device 914 returned the origin-location.At this moment, but pressure status is born on the piston in the formation grease box 913 by the mechanism by adopting certain hour to keep grease box 913 internal gas pressures, and the lubricating grease after the pressurization is filled in the constant volume discharge device 914.The lubricating grease of this filling uses when next grease replenishing.It more than is the explanation of moving along with the switch motion grease box 913 and the lubricating grease in the constant volume discharge device 914 of magnetic valve 904.
Lubricating grease is the sensors that detect the lubricating grease pressure of sending to constant volume discharge device 914 in the grease box 913 with pressure sensor 911.This lubricating grease pressure sensor 911 monitors by detecting this lubricating grease pressure whether the air that flows into grease replenishing unit 910 makes the piston operate as normal in the grease box 914.Specifically, lubricating grease is authorized pressure when above with pressure sensor 911 at detected pressure, sends the ON signal to controller 906.Thus, lubricating grease flows in the grease replenishing unit 910 and the situation of operate as normal of the piston in the grease box 913 with the air of pressure sensor 913 more than controller 906 notification pressure from magnetic valve 904.
Horizon sensor 912 is the sensors that are used to monitor the lubricating grease residual volume in the described grease box 913.Specifically, the lubricating grease residual volume of horizon sensor 912 in grease box 913 is lower than 5% when following of grease box capacity for example, sends the OFF signal to controller 906.Thus, the lubricating grease residual volume in horizon sensor 912 notification controllers 906 grease boxs 913 is few, near the situation in periods such as supply, maintenance.
The turn-sensitive device 921 that is used to detect main axis rotation speed is housed on axle 750.Turn-sensitive device 921 and main shaft subtend are formed on slit on the main shaft, magnet, projection etc. by detection and detect the pulse signal that sign generates corresponding main axis rotation speed.Detected pulse signal is sent in the controller 906.
Controller 906 is the controllers that are used for totally controlling this grease replenishing system 900.Controller 906 can receive ON/OFF information and rotating speed data with pressure sensor 905, lubricating grease with pressure sensor 911, horizon sensor 912 and turn-sensitive device 921 from air, and correspondence is from the switch motion of the signal controlling magnetic valve 904 of these sensors receptions and the main axis rotation speed of axle 750 etc.
In addition, on controller 906, be connected with display unit 907, memory 908 and input unit 909.
This display unit 907 shows the signal that slave controller 906 is sent, and notifies the state of user's grease replenishing system 900.The judged result of display unit 907 display controllers 906 inside, the running-active status to this grease replenishing of user notification system 900, or give a warning, cause that the user notes.
In memory 908, preserve the program that is used for to axle 750 supply lubricating grease.Controller 906 whenever receives the rotating speed data of sending from turn-sensitive device 921 (per in the present embodiment 0.8 second reception rotating speed data), just is used to calculate grease replenishing processing regularly according to program.
The program of present embodiment is divided into low-speed region, intermediate speed region and three zones of high-speed region, the addition calculated value that has regulation on each rotary speed zone with the rotary speed zone.Specifically, low-speed region is that the rotary speed of the main shaft 771 of axle 750 is 0min -1～12000min -1Zone (comprising halted state), intermediate speed region is that the rotary speed of main shaft 771 of axle 750 is greater than 12000min -1Be less than or equal to 18000min -1The zone, high-speed region is that the rotary speed of main shaft 771 is greater than 18000min -1The zone.At this, low-speed region is an addition calculated value with 1, is addition calculated value in intermediate speed region with 2, is addition calculated value at high-speed region with 10.
Controller 906 judges according to program which rotary speed zone is this moment rotary speed belong to when giving the rotary speed of main shaft 771 at every turn.And, increase on the aggregate-value of in memory 908, preserving and the corresponding addition calculated value in corresponding rotary speed zone.Controller 906 reaches set upper limit when above at aggregate-value, flowing into predetermined electric current to magnetic valve 904 makes magnetic valve 904 constitute open mode, carry out air from air source 901 to grease replenishing unit 910 and supply with, with lubricating grease each the bearing supply in axle 750 in the constant volume discharge device 914.Controller 906 makes magnetic valve 904 form closed condition behind official hour, is lubricated fat from grease box 913 to constant volume discharge device 914 and supplies with.
At this, the upper limit of aggregate-value for example is set to 900000.This value is to carry out the value of supply in 25 hours when the continuous running of high-speed region.This decision upper limit of aggregate-value and the addition calculated value (10) of high-speed region are at the high rotation speed 22000min of main shaft -1Under the bearing time to rupture be 100 hours, for safety, when the grease replenishing time is controlled at value with respect to time to rupture 20～40%.In addition, the addition calculated value of low-speed region (1) is considered the boundary value 18000min at intermediate speed region and high-speed region -1Under time to rupture be 1000 hours, when axle 750 in low-speed region continuously during running, the upper limit of decision aggregate-value and the addition calculated value of low-speed region are to be equivalent to 250 hours supply lubricating grease of time to rupture 25%.That is, in the present embodiment, as long as make the power source ON of grease replenishing system 900, even the then state that stops of main shaft, also automatic supply lubricating grease in the time of the longest 250 hours.
Input unit 909 is to be used to be situated between input unit by controller 906 operation grease replenishing systems 900, its by start button, restart various buttons such as button, reset button and constitute.The user can be situated between by these push-botton operation grease replenishing systems 900.
Secondly, with reference to the control action of the grease replenishing system 900 of the flowchart text present embodiment shown in Figure 51～Figure 55.
At first describe with reference to Figure 51.At first, when beginning the action of grease replenishing system 900, controller 906 receives the rotating speed data of regularly sending here from the turn-sensitive device of being located on the axle 750 921, and reads the rotary speed (step S31) of the main shaft 771 of rotation 750 based on this rotating speed data.
Then, based on the rotary speed that reads, decision aggregate-value N goes up the addition calculated value of accumulative total, adds up to handle (step 32).
Figure 52 is the flow chart of the accumulative total contents processing of step display S32.At this, addition calculated value is decided in which zone that is divided into the trizonal rotary speed of low-speed region, intermediate speed region and high-speed region zone according to detected main axis rotation speed correspondence.
At first, judge in step 41 whether detected main axis rotation speed is that (at this is to comprise 0 12000min to low-speed region -1Following zone).Then, be low-speed region as detected main axis rotation speed, then aggregate-value N adds 1, finishes accumulative total and handles (step S42).
And when detected main axis rotation speed is not low-speed region, move to step S43, judge whether detected main axis rotation speed is that (at this is greater than 12000min to intermediate speed region -1Be equal to or less than 18000min -1The zone).Then, be intermediate speed region as detected main axis rotation speed, then aggregate-value N adds 2, finishes accumulative total and handles (step S44).
In addition, not intermediate speed region as detected main axis rotation speed, judge that then main axis rotation speed is in high-speed region, aggregate-value N adds 10, finishes accumulative total and handles (step S45).
Returning Figure 51 once more describes.When step S32 finishes to add up to handle, whether whether controller 906 judges aggregate-value N less than setting, for example less than 9000000 (step S33).At this, during less than setting, return step S31 at aggregate-value, read in rotary speed after the stipulated time once more, add up to handle by step S32.
And be equal to or greater than setting at these promptly 900000 o'clock at aggregate-value, and be judged as grease replenishing regularly, move to step S34.
At first, in step S34, controller 906 is removed aggregate-value N, returns 0.Then, in step S35, controller 906 flows into magnetic valve 904 with predetermined electric current, makes magnetic valve 904 carry out opening action (step S35).Thus, be situated between and air supplied with to grease replenishing unit 910, depress the piston in the constant volume discharge device 914 in the grease replenishing unit 910 by magnetic valve 904.Thus, the lubricating grease in the constant volume discharge device 914 by supply in the bearing space of each rolling bearing of axle 750 inside.Simultaneously, controller 906 adds 1 on the aggregate-value of the lubricating grease injection counter of being located at inner counting lubricating grease injection number of times.Then, when magnetic valve 904 back formation at the appointed time closed condition, the pistons in the constant volume discharge device 914 return primary position, simultaneously, supply with supply next time lubricating grease from grease box 913 in constant volume discharge device 914.
At this, when magnetic valve 904 is opened, controller 906 is confirmed from air with pressure sensor 905, lubricating grease to check with pressure sensor 911, and the having or not of the ONOFF signal of horizon sensor 912 whether grease replenishing normally carries out in step S36, S37 and S38.Below check that by each action describes.
Figure 53 is used to illustrate based on the flow chart of air with the air pressure inspection action of pressure sensor 905.
At first, controller 906 confirms whether received ON signal (step S51) from air with pressure sensor 905.At this, when air is ON with pressure sensor 905, promptly air is that setting is when above with the mensuration air pressure of pressure sensor 905, then judge and supplied with normal air pressure, move to step S52, air is put 0 with the counting of OFF number of pressure sensor 905, finish to check.
And use pressure sensor 905 when air is OFF, be air with the mensuration air pressure of pressure sensor 905 than setting hour, controller 906 judges and do not supply with normal air pressure, and air is added 1 (step S53) with the counting of OFF number of pressure sensor 905.
Then, judge by step S54 whether air is three times with OFF number of pressure sensor 905.Air is represented the counting attempting repeatedly failing with OFF number of pressure sensor 905, is below twice as counting, then moves to step S35, makes magnetic valve 904 opening actions once more.
On the other hand, when air was three times with the counting of pressure sensor 905, the work that starts of No. three magnetic valves 904 was attempted in expression, and pressure also is less than setting, judge produce unusual.In step S55, on display unit 907, show " alarm 1 "." alarm 1 " of demonstration for example shows " to be confirmed at this! The air pressure deficiency.The PLSCONFM air pressure.", urge the user confirm the setting air of adjuster 903 press whether suitable, or air supply with have on the road 930 no abnormal etc.
Then, in step S56, the setting of the high rotation speed of the main shaft 771 of controller 906 control axles 750 reduces rotary speed, make its with intermediate speed region (greater than 12000min -1Be less than or equal to 18000min -1The zone) rotary speed, for example 15000min -1Rotation.That is, even state is made as for example 22000min with high rotation speed in the early stage -1Situation under, also high rotation speed to be controlled at 15000min -1, the main shaft 771 of control axle 750 makes it not with this rotary speed rotation more than speed.
Control thus, make to be difficult for producing bearing sintering etc. because of the lubricating grease deficiency that supply lubricating grease not causes.At this, also the upper limit of rotary speed can be controlled at the maximum 18000min of intermediate speed region -1
Standby behind this state is carried out certain until the user at step S57 and is handled, and restarts button in the push input device 909.When pushing this and restart button, (step S58) removed in the demonstration of the alarm 1 that controller 906 will show on display unit 907, again air is made as 0 (step S59) with OFF number of pressure sensor 905, remove the rotary speed restriction (step S60) that step S56 sets, return step S35, make magnetic valve 904 start work once more.
The inspection action of air with pressure sensor 905 more than has been described.
Secondly, the lubricating grease pressure inspection action of lubricating grease with pressure sensor 911 is described.Figure 54 is the flow chart of explanation lubricating grease with the inspection action of pressure sensor 911.
At first, controller 906 confirms whether received ON signal (step S61) from lubricating grease with pressure sensor 911.At this, when lubricating grease be ON with pressure sensor 911, promptly lubricating grease is setting when above with the pressure of pressure sensor 911, judges the piston operate as normal that grease box 913 is interior, directly end inspection.
On the other hand, when lubricating grease is OFF with pressure sensor 911, be lubricating grease with the pressure ratio setting of pressure sensor 911 hour, piston in the judgement grease box 913 is operate as normal not, do not supply with lubricating grease, on display unit 907, show " alarm 2 " at step S62 to constant volume discharge device 914.
" alarm 2 " of demonstration for example shows " unusual at this! The grease box insufficient pressure please the emergency interconnection repairer.The upper limit of rotary speed is controlled at 15000min -1", urge the user to carry out emergent management.
Then, in step S63, the setting of the high rotation speed of the main shaft 771 of controller 906 control axles 750 reduces rotary speed, make its with intermediate speed region (greater than 12000min -1Be less than or equal to 18000min -1The zone) rotary speed, for example 15000min -1Rotation.That is, even state is made as for example 22000min with high rotation speed in the early stage -1The time, also high rotation speed to be controlled at 15000min -1, the main shaft 771 of control axle 750 is not with this rotary speed rotation more than speed.
Control thus, make to be difficult for producing bearing sintering etc. because of the lubricating grease deficiency that supply lubricating grease not causes.At this, also the upper limit of rotary speed can be controlled at the maximum 18000min of intermediate speed region -1
Standby behind this state, until the user step S64 carry out certain handle and push input device 909 in all clear button.When pushing this all clear button, controller 906 is removed (showing alarm also removing simultaneously in 3,4 o'clock) in the demonstration of the alarm 2 that step S65 will show on display unit 907, lubricating grease is injected time counting number put 0 (step S66), remove the rotary speed restriction (step S67) that step S63 sets, finish the inspection action of lubricating grease with pressure sensor 911.
Next illustrates the inspection action of horizon sensor 912.Figure 55 is the flow chart of the inspection action of explanation horizon sensor 912.
At first, controller 906 confirms whether received OFF signal (step S71) from horizon sensor 912.At this, be the ON state as horizon sensor 912, judge that then the lubricating grease residual volume in the grease box 913 is to measure (being more than 5% of grease box capacity at this) fully, directly finish the horizon check action.
And when horizon sensor 912 was OFF, 5% of the not enough grease box capacity of lubricating grease residual volume in the judgement grease box 913 near the maintenance timing of grease replenishing unit and main shaft axle, showed " alarm 3 " at step S72 in display unit 907.
" alarm 3 " of demonstration for example shows " attention at this! Near the maintenance period of supply unit, axle, please get in touch with the repairer ", urge the user to keep in repair.
Then, lubricating grease is injected time counting number add 1 (step S73), confirm counting, the lubricating grease before judging injects whether be less than (step S74) 30 times.At this, inject number of times as lubricating grease and be less than 30 times, then no problem, finish horizon check.
On the other hand, injecting number of times as lubricating grease is 30 times, then judges the maintenance that must at once be lubricated fat supply unit 910 and axle 750 to show " alarm 4 " by step S75 on display unit 907.
" alarm 4 " of demonstration for example shows " warning at this! Must carry out the maintenance of supply unit, axle.Please get in touch the repairer rapidly.With the ceiling restriction of rotary speed at 15000min -1", urge the user to keep in repair strongly.
In step S76, the setting of the high rotation speed of the main shaft 771 of controller 906 control axles 750 reduces rotary speed, make its with intermediate speed region (greater than 12000min -1And be less than or equal to 18000min -1The zone) rotary speed, for example 15000min -1Rotation.That is, even state is made as for example 22000min with high rotation speed in the early stage -1The time, also high rotation speed to be controlled at 15000min -1, the main shaft 771 of control axle 750 makes it not with this rotary speed rotation more than speed.
Thus,, also can control, prolong the grease replenishing time span, suppress the consumption of lubricating grease, make to be not easy to produce bearing sintering etc. because of lubricating grease is not enough by reducing rotary speed even when the lubricating grease residual volumes in the grease box 913 tail off.At this, also the upper limit of rotary speed can be controlled at the maximum 18000min of intermediate speed region -1
After the rotary speed of change main shaft 771, move to the step S64 of Figure 54, afterwards after finishing maintenance, carry out the action of dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line to step S64, recover normal condition.
Controller 906 was confirmed in step S36, S37 and S38 from air with pressure sensor 905, lubricating grease having or not with the ONOFF signal of pressure sensor 911 and horizon sensor 912, whether normally carried out the inspection of grease replenishing, when having confirmed to axle 750 supplies lubricating grease, behind official hour, close magnetic valve from the magnetic valve opening action, return step S31, restart the accumulative total action of aggregate-value.
In the present embodiment, carry out interrupted grease replenishing to axle 750 by carrying out above action repeatedly.
As mentioned above, according to present embodiment, read the rotary speed of main shaft every the stipulated time, rotary speed zone corresponding rotation speed is divided into low-speed region, intermediate speed region, three zones of high-speed region, and corresponding these regional addition calculated values are added on the aggregate-value.And, only reach setting when above at aggregate-value, append grease replenishing to axle 750.
Therefore, rotary speed that can corresponding axle 750 is the deterioration state supply lubricating grease rightly of lubricating grease.In addition, even controller 906 is not when main shaft rotates, also can increase aggregate-value by aggregate-value is added 1.Thus, even main shaft 771 is in non-rotating state, also can determine to be lubricated the maximum time length of fat supply.Therefore, even rotation is when stopping, as long as power source ON (conducting), also can be at maximum time supply lubricating grease during length, so even for to stop → quickening → constant speed → circulation of slowing down → stopping, the also stable lubricating grease of supply always.
In addition, according to present embodiment, air pressure sensor 905 and lubricating grease pressure sensor 911 are set, and corresponding these air show suitable alarm with pressure sensor 905, lubricating grease with the detected state of pressure sensor 911 on display unit 907, so even the user does not give special heed to maintenance timing, also can grease replenishing system 900 always can be remained on normal state suitably regularly the user being carried out suitable prompting.Thus, can will might prevent trouble before it happens because of keeping in repair the bearing breakage of appending generations such as lubricating grease shortcoming that deficiency causes.
By number of purge accumulative total with aggregate-value, can infer the residual volume of lubricating grease in the grease box, also can on display unit 907, show lubricating grease residual volume, the period of measurable maintenance.
In addition, according to present embodiment, the rotation status of corresponding main shaft and the level of abnormality detection are with rotary speed rotary speed the rotary speed zone under falling back to high-speed region of main shaft.That is, when high-speed region rotated, falling back to as next velocity band was the rotary speed of intermediate speed region.Thus, even the lubricating grease residual volume in the grease box 913 after a little while, also can prolong the grease replenishing time span by rotary speed is reduced, suppress the lubricating grease consumption, control feasible being not easy and produce bearing sintering etc., can reduce the possibility that this sintering produces because of lubricating grease is not enough.
In the present embodiment, addition calculated value is 10 at high-speed region, is 2 in intermediate speed region, is 1 at low-speed region, but is not limited thereto, can corresponding main shaft and the user mode of bearing set the value that suitably consumes.In addition, to the maximum of aggregate-value, also can consider user mode or durability etc. and be set at desirable value.
In the present embodiment, the rotary speed zone is divided into three phases, sets addition calculated value, but be not limited thereto, also can be according to the suitable number of cutting apart of setting the rotary speed zone of situation.For example, rotary speed in using is changed greatly, can consider that cutting apart number by increase makes the grease replenishing that adapts to actual lubricating grease degradation become easy.
In the present embodiment, used the lubricating grease feed unit 910 that utilizes air pressure to be lubricated the fat supply, but be not limited thereto, also can use air driven grease replenishing unit in addition regularly to be lubricated the fat supply at the grease replenishing identical with present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, illustration the explanation carried out about grease replenishing of axle 750, but be not limited thereto, also go for other working equipment main shaft with axle, motor with the main shaft axle etc.
In addition, in the present embodiment, be illustrated to calculate rotary speed, but be not limited thereto, also can according to circumstances be rotated the computing of speed with arbitrary time span every 0.8 second.
As mentioned above, according to the grease replenishing device of the 30～33 embodiment, the main shaft device that has used grease replenishing device, grease replenishing method and grease replenishing program, the influence that lubricating grease can be stirred the impedance generation is suppressed to Min., seeks the long lifetime of bearing simultaneously.
According to described embodiment, because the supply that lubricating grease is appended in the rotary speed of respective shaft control supply regularly, so interval that can corresponding rolling bearing usage frequency supply lubricating grease suitably.In addition, and compare, can avoid the supply of ineffective lubrication fat, and reduce the grease replenishing number of times with the situation of certain timing supply lubricating grease.Therefore, can remove the supply of superfluous lubricating grease, and with the interval supply lubricating grease of optimum, the sintering of bearing etc. can be prevented trouble before it happens, and make bearing temperature keep stable.
In addition, according to described embodiment, no matter the supply direction of lubricating grease is for radially, or for axially all can be suitable equally.
According to described embodiment, because corresponding rotation speed is set addition calculated value, the rotary speed accumulative total addition calculated value of corresponding actual measurement reaches setting when above at aggregate-value, so supply lubricating grease is can be with the interval of the usage frequency of corresponding rolling bearing supply lubricating grease suitably.In addition, and compare, can avoid invalid grease replenishing, reduce the grease replenishing number of times with the situation of certain timing supply lubricating grease.Therefore, lubricating grease that can not supply surplus, and with the interval supply lubricating grease of optimum can be prevented trouble before it happens the sintering of bearing etc., and be made bearing temperature keep stable.
According to described embodiment, described aggregate-value is removed when grease replenishing, and begins the accumulative total of aggregate-value once more.Therefore, Once you begin work,, all be lubricated the fat supply,, can subdue user's work so the user can not pay close attention to grease replenishing regularly according to described algorithm until stopping wittingly.
According to described embodiment,, know and carried out grease replenishing several times by the number of purge of the described aggregate-value of accumulative total.Therefore, can hold the lubricating grease residual volume in the grease replenishing device, measurable maintenance time.
According to described embodiment, when described axle stops addition calculated value being made as 0, do not add up.Therefore, can avoid the generation of situations such as when for a long time not using bearing arrangement supply lubricating grease.
According to described embodiment, the lubricating grease residual volume in described grease replenishing device reaches setting when following, and the rotary speed of described axle is controlled to be below the predetermined rotational speed.Therefore, reduce, in the time of must keeping in repair, described rotary speed is controlled to be below the regulation rotary speed at the lubricating grease residual volume.Thus, keeping in repair, and before grease replenishing device supplemental lubrication fat, coming nature to prolong grease replenishing at interval by reducing rotary speed.Therefore, can the few lubricating grease of long period supply, can be with in the time must keeping in repair etc., axle is with high rotary speed rotation and the generation of faults such as bearing sintering is prevented trouble before it happens.
According to described embodiment, described predetermined rotational speed is arranged in a rotary speed zone under the high rotation speed zone in described a plurality of zones.Like this, in the rotary speed with described axle was controlled to be control below the regulation rotary speed, the control that will reduce to next rotary speed zone in the rotary speed of the main shaft of high rotation speed zone rotation was the most effective.That is,, can suppress the consumption of lubricating grease, the generation of faults such as bearing sintering is prevented trouble before it happens by reducing in the rotary speed of the axle of high rotation speed zone rotation.
In addition, in the 30～33 embodiment, on the main shaft of axle, turn-sensitive device is set, detect the rotary speed of main shaft, the control grease replenishing regularly, but so long as have grease replenishing device to the grease replenishing mechanism of the inside of rolling bearing supply lubricating grease, the turn-sensitive device of the rotary speed of arbitrary rotation circle in the inner ring that detects rolling bearing or the outer ring can be set then, the rotary speed control grease replenishing by control device corresponding rotation circle regularly.
The 34 embodiment
Below, describe the grease replenishing device and the main shaft device of 34th embodiment of the invention in detail with reference to Figure 56～Figure 60.
Shown in Figure 56, constitute in the lubricating grease feedway 1010 of grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of present embodiment, be provided with magnetic valve 1012 midway from the air pipe arrangement 1011 of air inlet.In addition, the side end of air pipe arrangement 1011a Jie is connected storage on the grease box 1014 of the lubricating grease Gr that bearing 1013 is supplied with by impedance mechanisms 1012a.In addition, in grease box 1014, dispose the jar inner carrier 1015 that the lubricating grease in grease box 1014 is exerted pressure.
On the other hand, between the lubricating grease pipe arrangement 1025 of bearing 1013 supply lubricating grease, disposing mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 from the air pipe arrangement 1011b of magnetic valve 1012 with from grease box 1014.And, utilize lubricating grease pipe arrangement 1017a to connect grease box 1014 and mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019.
Inner face subtend with grease box 1014 on the slot part 1016 of jar inner carrier 1015 peripheries of grease box 1014 is equipped with magnet 1017 and piston ring or O type sealing ring 1016a.In addition, in the outside of grease box 1014 horizon sensor 1018a is housed.On the lubricating grease pipe arrangement 1017a that connects grease box 1014 and mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019, be provided with pressure sensor 1018b.
Shown in Figure 57, the grease box 1014 of described structure is discharged lubricating grease along with lubricating grease feedway 1010 service times (work number of times) puts off from mechanical type metered dose piston pump, consumes the lubricating grease Gr in the grease box 1014.That is, jar 1014 interior pistons advance to the bottom surface direction.
And, arrive the height of horizon sensor 1018a setting value at jar inner carrier 1015 after, make horizon sensor 1018a reaction by the magnet 1017 of the jar inner carrier 1015 in the grease box 1014.Inductance is known the reaction of horizon sensor 1018a, and to the output of axle rotating device, thereby the few situation of residual volume of lubricating grease Gr around the notice.
On the other hand, following the working of pressure sensor 1018b that is provided with for the pressurized state that monitors lubricating grease.
Shown in Figure 58, air supply in grease box 1014 is exerted pressure to jar inner carrier 1015, and is exerted pressure to lubricating grease.When applying certain pressure, monitor the pressure sensor 1018b reaction of lubricating grease pressure to lubricating grease.The pressure of electro-detection pressure sensor 1018b, and, notify the situation (with reference to Figure 56) of having carried lubricating grease from grease box 1014 to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 towards periphery to the output of axle rotating device.
Exist to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 transports the way of lubricating grease from grease box 1014 when unusual, 1018b detects by pressure sensor, and export this signal to the axle rotating device, notice is not discharged the situation of lubricating grease in axle from mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 towards periphery.
In addition, impedance mechanisms 1012a is graphite or agglomerated material etc., and its structure is formed on exerts pressure to grease box inner carrier 1015 with certain hour after magnetic valve 1012 cuts out.Figure 66 is the curve map of the jar internal pressure when being illustrated in impedance mechanisms 1012a use graphite.Because the residual volume of lubricating grease makes the interior changes in air volume of grease box, so the time that pressure rises changes.But after making magnetic valve 1013OFF, grease box 1014 inside keep-up pressure, and when magnetic valve 1013OFF the lubricating grease Gr in the grease box 1014 are supplied with to mechanical metered dose piston pump 1019 a certain amount ofly.In addition, also can use check valve or speed regulator etc. to replace impedance mechanisms 1012a.
Figure 59 and Figure 60 are the circuit diagrams of grease replenishing device of the present invention.Shown in Figure 59, air pipe arrangement 1011 is connected on the magnetic valve 1012 from air source 1020 by air filter 1021 and adjuster 1022.In addition, air pipe arrangement 1011 Jie extend to air with on the pressure sensor 1023 by magnetic valve 1012.Be connected on the lubricating grease feedway 1010 by air pipe arrangement 1011a with pressure sensor 1023 Jie from air.Lubricating grease feedway 1010 has lubricating grease pressure sensor 1018b and horizon sensor 1018a, and it is connected on the axle 1024 with turn-sensitive device 1024a by lubricating grease pipe arrangement 1025.Monitor the action of magnetic valve 1012 and each sensor along control device 1030.
Figure 60 is the diagram that detect action of expression with respect to each sensor of magnetic valve 1012 actions.The following describes the action of lubricating grease feedway 1010.
At first, magnetic valve 1012 is opened (ON), to lubricating grease feedway 1010 air supplies, lubricating grease is discharged in the piston 1019a of mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 work in the pipe arrangement 1025 on being connected axle 1024.
Secondly, magnetic valve 1012 cuts out (OFF).When closing, the piston reduction in the mechanical type metered dose piston pump, at this moment because the lubricating grease in the grease box is pressurized, so from grease box to mechanical type metered dose piston pump repack with grease.By carrying out described action repeatedly, the residual volume of lubricating grease reduces.Become the action that monitors lubricating grease pressure sensor 1018b between the front and back certain hour of closing at magnetic valve 1012.This is in order to confirm whether the lubricating grease in the grease box 1014 is transported in mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019.
When lubricating grease pressure sensor 1018 does not react, detect the nonreactive situation of lubricating grease pressure sensor 1018b along control device 1030, the high rotation speed of control axle 1024.Owing to use grease lubrication, thus needn't stop at once, as long as can use below also having the rotary speed in life-span even be controlled at not supply lubricating grease.During the position of the magnet 1017 identical levels in the lubricating grease residual volume becomes horizon sensor 1018a and is installed in grease box inner carrier 1015, horizon sensor 1018a reaction.Detect this point along control device 1039, the high rotation speed of control axle 1024.
In addition, about making the air of lubricating grease feedway 1010 work, under not air fed situation, air detects this point with pressure sensor 1023 reactions along the control device, the rotary speed of control axle 1024.Air uses the Looking Out Time (T2 of Figure 60, T3) of pressure sensor 1023 as long as then when can in the time of valve opening solenoid (T1 of Figure 60).
When the horizon sensor 1018 of checking the remaining state of lubricating grease was not set on grease box 1014, the residual volume that had both made lubricating grease was 0cc, and axle 1024 is rotation at a high speed still, produces damage on the axle inner bearing 1013 and make.But, by horizon sensor 1018a is set in grease box 1014, at the residual volume of lubricating grease after a little while, by checking horizon sensor 1018a, supplemental lubrication fat in grease box 1014 no matter whether, all can not damage the rotation of the rotary speed of axle inner bearing 1013, can prevent the damage of bearing 1013.
In addition, not to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 supplemental lubrication fat the time, do not discharge lubricating grease from mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019, the bearing 1013 of rotation at a high speed can produce damage.But, monitor the situation of transporting of lubricating grease by utilizing lubricating grease pressure sensor 1018a, can be before bearing 1013 damages of carrying out rotation at a high speed produce the undesirable condition of discovery lubricating grease feedway 1010, prevent the damage of bearing 1013.
The 35 embodiment
Secondly, based on Figure 61 the 35 embodiment is described.The parts identical with the 34 embodiment use identical symbol, omit detailed explanation.The points different with the 34 embodiment are, the air of supplying with to grease box 1014 and mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 has utilized different system.
That is, are magnetic valves 1012 to grease box 1014 air fed valves, and outside this, also are provided with, two magnetic valves promptly are set to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 air fed magnetic valves 1029.
The action of this moment is at the magnetic valve 1029OFF of mechanical type metered dose piston pump (closing) back several seconds～magnetic valve 1012OFF (closing) of grease box after several minutes.Even the lubricating grease feedway of Gou Chenging also can obtain identical effect like this.At this moment, do not need the impedance mechanisms 1012a shown in Figure 56.
Figure 62 is the circuit diagram of the grease replenishing device shown in Figure 61.Shown in Figure 61～Figure 62, the air pipe arrangement from the air source by air filter 1021 and adjuster 1022 is connected on the magnetic valve 1012,1029.Air pipe arrangement Jie from second magnetic valve 1029 is extended on the pressure sensor (supervision air) 1023 by second magnetic valve 1029, and is connected on the mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 of lubricating grease feedway 1010.And be connected on the grease box 1014 of lubricating grease feedway 1010 by first magnetic valve 1012 from air pipe arrangement Jie of first magnetic valve 1012.
Figure 63 is the diagram of the control method of the grease replenishing device shown in Figure 62.Shown in Figure 61～Figure 63, second magnetic valve 1029 to be opened, lubricating grease is discharged in the piston 1019a work of mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019.Then, first magnetic valve 1012 is opened, to 1015 pressurizations of the piston in the grease box 1014.
Secondly, second magnetic valve 1029 cuts out.When closing, the piston 1019a of mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 reduction, from grease box 1014 to mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019 repack with greases.In mechanical type metered dose piston pump 1019, behind the repack with grease, first magnetic valve 1012 cuts out.
The 36 embodiment
The circuit diagram and the control method of the grease replenishing device of Figure 64,65 expression 36th embodiment of the invention.In the present embodiment, second pressure sensor (the supervision air is used) 1026 with air is connected on the pipe arrangement of Jie by magnetic valve 1012.Other structure is identical with the grease replenishing device of the 35 embodiment.The grease replenishing device of Gou Chenging also can obtain identical effect like this.
In addition, described structure example only is an example, can carry out various distortion changes.For example, in the 34,35 embodiments, the pistons 1015 in the grease box 1012 have used magnet, but so long as sensing response then also can send the signal of telecommunication etc., make horizon sensor 1019a reaction.In addition, the sensor that horizon sensor 1018a promptly reacts with respect to the action mechanicalness of piston 1015 also can be the sensor of electricity reaction.
In addition, the above-mentioned horizon sensor 1018a of piston 1015 actions that detect in the grease box that illustrated is set at a jar outer example, but also can be provided with in jar.In the 34,35 embodiments, illustrated magnet 1017 has been installed on the piston 1015 in grease box, and the mode that horizon sensor 1018a is installed on grease box 1014, but also can on piston 1015, horizon sensor be installed, and the material of on grease box 1014, magnet 1017 being installed or horizon sensor 1018a being reacted.
In addition, the position that the lubricating grease pressure sensor 1018b that monitors the lubricating grease pressurized state is set is so long as the storage lubricating grease in the grease box 1014, and grease box is used piston 1015 skid-resistant positions, and then whatsoever the position all can obtain identical mensuration effect.In addition, no matter changing with respect to lubricating grease pressure is the automatic reaction or the sensor of electricity reaction, all can obtain effect.In addition, aforementioned being to use on the piston 1015 of air in grease box 1014 exerted pressure, but also can use motor or mechanical device etc. to 1015 pressurizations of the piston in the grease box 1014.
As mentioned above, grease replenishing device and main shaft device according to the 34～36 embodiment, by sensor installation on the grease box of the lubricating grease of storing the lubricating grease feedway, can on bearing, not produce insufficient lubrication, can not produce sintering on the bearing.Therefore, can realize the long lifetime of bearing.
According to described embodiment, on the grease box of the storage lubricating grease of lubricating grease feedway, horizon sensor is installed, and on piston, is imbedded magnet the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the grease box.By horizon sensor being installed in grease box portion, monitor position of piston, after the residual volume of lubricating grease reduces, then produce alarm, around the advisory that the residual volume of lubricating grease is few.Thus, on bearing, do not produce insufficient lubrication, on bearing, do not produce sintering.
In addition,, on the lubricating grease pipe arrangement that connects grease box and mechanical type metered dose piston pump, pressure sensor is set, monitors the pressurization situation of lubricating grease according to described embodiment.Whether this monitor monitors transports lubricating grease to mechanical type metered dose piston pump.When the lubricating grease in the lubricating grease pipe arrangement was not pressurized, pressure sensor detected this state, produced alarm.Thus, do not produce pressure on will the lubricating grease in pipe arrangement, not in mechanical type metered dose piston pump around the advisory of supplemental lubrication fat.Thus, on bearing, can not produce insufficient lubrication, on bearing, not cause sintering.
Below, describe the grease replenishing device (or grease replenishing mechanism) of the present invention the 37～the 43 embodiment in detail with reference to Figure 67～Figure 76.In addition, in each embodiment of the 38～43, parts with structure function identical with the parts of the 37 embodiment explanation etc. etc. are used prosign or suitable symbol in the drawings, simplify or omit its explanation.
The 37 embodiment
Shown in Figure 67, the grease replenishing device of the 37 embodiment (grease replenishing mechanism) 1110 is that the quantitative output mechanism 1112 of lubricating grease, grease replenishing constitute with pipe arrangement 1113, nozzle 1114 by grease box 1111, mechanical type metered dose piston pump, and it is applicable in bearing arrangement or working equipment or the used in high-speed motor main shaft device.
In the grease box 1111, taken in jar piston 1116 in the inside of tubular can body 1115, base end part is communicated with and connects pressure ingress pipe 1117, and leading section disposes outlet 1118.In addition, in the grease box 1111, enclose lubricating grease Gr in the space between jar piston 1116 and outlet 1118.On grease box 1111, always provide or quantitatively discharge piston 1123 when returning from pressure ingress pipe 1117 provide the several seconds～pressure of several minutes regulations.
The driving cylinder that has interior measured lubrication fat chambers 1,121 1120 are connected outlet 1118 on pipe 1119 and the quantitative output mechanism 1112 of lubricating grease by giving.
The quantitative output mechanism 1112 of lubricating grease has driving cylinder 1120, quantitatively discharges piston 1123, back-moving spring 1124, check-valves 1125.
Driving cylinder 1120 is that bottom tube-like is arranged, and is formed with discharge portion 1126 at leading section.In addition, in the driving cylinder 1120, discharge portion 126 sides form measured lubrication fat chamber 1121, and anti-discharge portion 1126 sides are that base plate 1127 sides form air chamber 1128.In measured lubrication fat chamber 1121, carry lubricating grease Gr from grease box 1111.
Air valve 1122 is air valves that band takes off compression functions, has air supply valve 1122a in inside and takes off pressure valve 1122b.One end is communicated with by air leading-in conduit 1129 and connects not shown compressed air generation source, and the other end is given pipe 1130 by air and is communicated with the air chamber 1128 that connects in the driving cylinder 1120.
In addition, in the air valve 1122, by supplying with predetermined electric current from external control circuit, open air supply valve 1122a and close to take off and press valve 1122b, the compressed air of pressurization is imported in the air chamber 1128 in the driving cylinder 1120, when breaking current, close air supply valve 1122a and open to take off and press valve 1122b, utilization is taken off and is pressed valve 1122b to take off pressure, air chamber 1128 and air is given in the pipe 1130 become non-pressurised state.
In addition, take off and press valve 1122b also can not carry on air valve 1122, and be configured in air chamber 1128 or air is given on the pipe 1130.
Quantitatively discharge piston 1123 between measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 and air chamber 1128, can be along the configuration movably repeatedly in driving cylinder 1120 of tube direction.The back-moving spring 1124 that quantitative discharge piston 1123 Jie are fastened on driving cylinder 1120 base plates 1127 by the end is loaded in the driving cylinder 1120.The discharge rate of quantitatively discharging piston 1123 is set to 0.003～0.12cc.
Back-moving spring 1124 is installed on the quantitative discharge piston 1123 with natural length, quantitatively discharges the piston 1123 mobile time elongation of advancing, quantitatively discharge the mobile end that advances of piston 1123 after, return to the nature length, thus make quantitative discharge piston 1123 retreat mobile.
Check-valves 1125 is communicated with the discharge portion 1126 that connects driving cylinder 1120.In the check-valves 1125, advance mobilely in driving cylinder 1120 because of quantitatively discharging piston 1123, and force feed is when the lubricating grease Gr that gives measured lubrication fat chamber 1121, and valve body 1131 is opened discharge portion 1126.Check-valves 1125 is communicated with and connects the end of grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1113.
Grease replenishing is communicated with nozzle 1114 with the other end of pipe arrangement 1113.Nozzle 1114 is configured in the sidepiece of the bearing arrangement 1135 that constitutes the main shaft device with rolling bearing or cylinder roller bearing etc.
Shown in Figure 68, give fixed distance at interval at the inwall of driving cylinder 1120 and form two piston brakes 1132,1133.A piston brake 1132 of base plate 1127 sides configurations has following function in two piston brakes 1132,1133, is set in compressed air in the air chamber 1128 and disappears, makes quantitative discharge piston 1123 to utilize back-moving spring 1124 to retire back-end location a1 when moving to the double action rear flank.
Another piston brake 1133 in discharge portion 1126 sides configurations has following function, sets by compressed air being imported in the air chamber 1128, quantitatively discharging piston 1123 and yearn for advance front position a2 when mobile of moving side.
Secondly, the action of the grease replenishing device (grease replenishing mechanism) 1110 of the 37 embodiment is described by Figure 69 and 70.Shown in Figure 69, under the state before lubricating grease is discharged,, be positioned at back-end location a1, the valve body 1131 sealing discharge portions 1126 of check-valves 1125 so quantitatively discharge piston 1123 because air valve 1122 closes valve.
Shown in Figure 70, make air valve 1122 drive valve by energising.Like this, compressed air imports in the air chamber 1128, moves to front position a2 so quantitative discharge piston 1123 advances from back-end location a1, and the lubricating grease Gr that is stored in the ormal weight in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 is sent to check-valves 1125.
Therefore, the valve body 1131 open discharge portions 1126 of check-valves 1125 are discharged lubricating grease Gr with pipe arrangement 1113 from nozzle 1114 by grease replenishing, supply with the lubricating grease Gr of ormal weight in the bearing space of bearing arrangement 1135.After discharging end, the valve body 1131 of check-valves 1125 is once more with discharge portion 1126 sealings.Air valve 1122 is switched on after driving valve and is interdicted, and closes valve once more.
And air valve 1122 closes valve, in taking off compression set amount lubricating grease chamber 1121 and the pressure reduction in the air chamber 1128, quantitatively discharges piston 1123 and retreats from front position a2 and move to back-end location a1.At this moment, by importing the pressure of regulation from pressure ingress pipe 1117, the lubricating grease Gr in the grease box 1111 are fed in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 in the driving cylinder 1120, recover the state shown in Figure 69, afterwards, carry out described action repeatedly.
As mentioned above, in the grease replenishing device 1110 of the 37 embodiment, with to the irrelevant following actions of carrying out repeatedly conduction time of air valve 1122, only give the lubricating grease Gr of the ormal weight that temporarily is stored in measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 to nozzle 1114 with pipe arrangement 1113 by grease replenishing, blocking is to the energising of air valve 1122, utilization is taken off and is pressed valve 1122b that air chamber 1128 and air are given in the pipe 1130 to take off pressure, after pressure in measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 reduces, the action that new lubricating grease Gr is given to measured lubrication fat chamber 1121.
Thus, because grease replenishing does not always afford pressure with the lubricating grease Gr of pipe arrangement 1113, thus can prevent branch oil, simultaneously, can be always to the micro-measured lubrication fat Gr of bearing space supply.
Grease replenishing device 1110 according to the 37 embodiment, take in the lubricating grease Gr that in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 of driving cylinder 1120, gives from grease box 1111 to give fixed amount, and be situated between by check-valves 1125, discharge the measured lubrication fat Gr that is accommodated in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 to grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1113 by quantitative discharge piston 1123.
Therefore, owing to always supply with quantitative lubricating grease Gr to grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1113, the discharge rate that can not make lubricating grease because of the internal diameter or the conditions such as length, its shape of nozzle and temperature of pipe arrangement change can be carried out the discharge of stable lubricating grease Gr.
In addition, because the part that is positioned to lubricating grease Gr pressurization is reduced to the upward long-time phenomenon that produces residual voltage of the lubricating grease Gr of the pipe arrangement of bearing arrangement 1135, so can make lubricating grease Gr cause that the branch oil condition reduces, exist the phenomenon of the different lubricating grease Gr of denseness few in the pipe arrangement, can be lubricated the quantitative discharge of fat Gr.
Thus, influence, discharge off and on the quantitative supply of micro-and quantitative lubricating grease,, can improve the long lifetime and the reliability of grease lubrication to inner regular supply trace of bearing and quantitative lubricating grease by not being subjected to pipe arrangement.
Grease replenishing device 1110 according to the 37 embodiment, because the quantitative discharge piston 1123 of the quantitative output mechanism 1112 of lubricating grease can move back and forth in driving cylinder 1120, so can utilize the past moving of quantitative discharge piston 1123, when quantitatively discharging piston 1123 past moving, discharge the lubricating grease Gr in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121.When discharging end, check-valves 1125 cuts out.And, when quantitatively discharge piston 1123 reverses, from the new lubricating grease Gr of grease box 1111 supplies, so can reduce the generation of residual voltage in the pipe arrangement.
According to the grease replenishing device 1110 of the 37 embodiment,, constitute the quantitative discharge structure 1112 of lubricating grease so can not use complicated structure because the air driven that Jie is supplied with in driving cylinder 1120 by air valve 1122 is quantitatively discharged piston 1123.In addition, owing to use air,, compare during to the countermeasure of leaking etc. and employing grease etc., can carry out very simply so the mechanism of pressurization is simple.
According to the grease replenishing device 1110 of the 37 embodiment and since utilize quantitatively discharge piston 1123 to grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1113 in discharge be set in lubricating grease Gr in 0.004～0.1cc scope, control so can carry out the trace of discharge rate.
According to the device for supplying of the 37 embodiment,, when in bearing arrangement, using, can seek the long lifetime of this bearing arrangement and the raising of reliability by carrying out stable grease replenishing.
Grease replenishing device 1110 according to the 37 embodiment, by carrying out stable grease replenishing, when being used for working equipment or used in high-speed motor main shaft device, can seek the long lifetime of working equipment or used in high-speed motor main shaft device and the raising of reliability.
The 38 embodiment
Secondly, use Figure 71 that the 38 embodiment of the present invention is described.
Shown in Figure 71, the grease replenishing device of the 38 embodiment (grease replenishing mechanism) 1140 has the structure identical with the grease replenishing device 1110 shown in Figure 67, but grease replenishing has in the bearing arrangement 1142 of main shaft device of rolling bearing or cylinder roller bearing etc. and is formed at grease replenishing hole 1144 radially, outer ring 1143 and is connected in formation with the leading section of pipe arrangement 1141.Lubricating grease Gr gives with pipe arrangement 1141, grease replenishing hole 1144 by outlet 1118, grease replenishing, arranges in the bearing space of bearing arrangement 1142 from bearing outside diameter portion by grease replenishing hole 1144.
The 39 embodiment
Secondly, use Figure 72 (a) and (b) that the 39 embodiment of the present invention is described.
Shown in Figure 72 (a), in the grease replenishing device of the 39 embodiment (grease replenishing mechanism) 1150, quantitatively discharging piston 1151 Jie is combined on the valve member 1153 by bar 1152, in driving cylinder 1154, assembled back-moving spring 1156 at the piston brake 1155 and the valve member 1153 of quantitatively discharging formation between piston 1151 and the valve member 1153.
Such grease replenishing device 1150 is opened for the air supply valve 1122a of air valve 1122, and take off and press valve 1122b to close, when in air chamber 1128, importing compressed air, opposing back-moving spring 1156 makes valve member 1153, bar 1152, quantitatively discharge piston 1151 advances and moves to front position, the ormal weight lubricating grease Gr that stores in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 is sent to check-valves 1125, the valve body 1131 of check-valves 1125 is open with discharge portion 1126, discharges lubricating grease Gr by grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1113.When the stroke of piston 1153 finished, the valve body 1131 of check-valves 1125 was closed discharge portion 1126 once more, and lubricating grease is discharged.
And, shown in Figure 72 (b), when the air supply valve 1122a of air valve 1122 closes, take off and press valve 1122b to open, the pressurization part that air chamber 1128 and air are given in the pipe 1130 is taken off pressure, utilize back-moving spring 1156 with valve member 1153, bar 1152, quantitatively discharge piston 1151 and retreat and move to back-end location, in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 and the pressure in the air chamber 1128 reduce.At this moment, because the pressure that the lubricating grease Gr in the grease box stipulates from the pressure ingress pipe, so give temporary transient the storage in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1121 in driving cylinder 1154.
The 40 embodiment
Secondly, use Figure 73 (a) and (b) that the 40 embodiment of the present invention is described.
Shown in Figure 73 (a), the grease replenishing device of the 40 embodiment (grease replenishing mechanism) 1160 is used to be used to have under the situation of the little measured lubrication fat chamber 1161 of capacity, on valve member 1162,, assemble back-moving spring 1166 on dividing plate 1165 in being formed at driving cylinder 1164 and the valve member 1162 in conjunction with bar 1163 with quantitative discharge piston function.
The air supply valve 1122a that such grease replenishing device 1160 is worked as air valve 1122 opens, and take off and press valve 1122b, open when in air chamber 1128, importing compressed air, opposing back-moving spring 1156 advances valve member 1162, bar 1163 and moves to front position, the ormal weight lubricating grease Gr that stores in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1161 is sent to check-valves 1125, the valve body 1131 of check-valves 1125 is open with discharge portion 1126, discharges lubricating grease Gr by grease replenishing with pipe arrangement 1113.At this moment, the lubricating grease Gr that is stored in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1161 is pressurized and discharges, and when no longer discharging, the valve body 1131 of check-valves 1125 is closed discharge portion 1126 once more.
And, shown in Figure 73 (b), when the air supply valve 1122a of air valve 1122 closes, take off and press valve 1122b to open, the pressurization part that air chamber 1128 and air are given in the pipe 1130 is taken off pressure, utilize back-moving spring 1166 that valve member 1162, bar 1163 are retreated and move to back-end location, the pressure that reach in the measured lubrication fat chamber 1161 in the air chamber 1128 reduce.
The 41 embodiment
Secondly, use Figure 74 that the 41 embodiment of the present invention is described.
Shown in Figure 74, use the quantitative output mechanism 1112 of the lubricating grease shown in Figure 73 (a) in the grease replenishing device of the 41 embodiment (grease replenishing mechanism) 1170, the anti-locking mechanism 1171 of adverse current is disposed in giving of the lubricating grease chamber 1161 in being communicated with grease box 1111 and driving cylinder 1164 in the pipe 1119.The anti-locking mechanism 1171 of adverse current has and prevents that lubricating grease is not discharged from discharge portion 1126 when bar 1163 actions with quantitative discharge piston function, and in grease box 111 function of adverse current.
The 42 embodiment
Below, with Figure 75 the 42 embodiment of the present invention is described.
Shown in Figure 75, use the quantitative output mechanism 1112 of the lubricating grease shown in Figure 73 (a) in the grease replenishing device of the 42 embodiment (grease replenishing mechanism) 1180, at the part that is connected with the pressure ingress pipe 1117 of grease box 1111 configuration check valve or speed regulator, choke valve or the valve system 1181 that forms by impedance bodies such as agglomerated material graphite, together pressure ingress pipe 1117 and air supply pipe 1130 are connected on the air valve 1122.
In the grease replenishing device 1180 of the 42 embodiment, the air supply valve 1122a of air valve 1122 closes, and take off and press valve 1122b to open, the power of pushing the piston 1116 in the grease box 1111 is along with time decreased, after several minutes～tens of minutes, form not to the state of lubricating grease Gr pressurization, thus, can reduce the change of properties of lubricating grease Gr.
The 43 embodiment
Secondly, use Figure 76 that the 43 embodiment of the present invention is described.
Shown in Figure 76, use the quantitative output mechanism 1112 of the lubricating grease shown in Figure 73 (a) in the grease replenishing device of the 43 embodiment (grease replenishing mechanism) 1190, the air of air chamber 1128 is given the air valve 1191 that band takes off compression functions is set on the pipe 1130 in connection connects driving cylinder 1164, on the pressure ingress pipe 1117 that is communicated with connection grease box 1111 air valve 1192 is set.
In the grease replenishing device 1190 of the 43 embodiment, by opening the air supply valve 1191a of air valve 1191, in air chamber 1128, import air, be situated between and discharge lubricating grease Gr by valve member 1162, then, open air valve 1192.The air supply valve 1191a of air valve 1191 closes, and takes off and press valve 1191b to open, and air is given in the pipe 1130 taken off pressure, makes valve member 1162 and bar 1163 reduction.At this moment, to 1116 pressurizations of the piston in the grease box 111, supplemental lubrication fat Gr in measured lubrication fat chamber 1161.Then, close the air supply valve 1191a of gas check valve 1191, air given in the pipe 1130 taken off pressure, then, through the several seconds～after several minutes, close gas check valve 1192, will take off pressure in the pressure ingress pipe 1117.
Embodiment 6
The embodiment of grease replenishing device of the present invention below is described.
For confirming effect of the present invention, three kinds of grease replenishing devices that the grease replenishing that use will be from the lubricating grease discharge portion to bearing arrangement changes with the length of pipe arrangement, the discharge rate of observing lubricating grease.So-called three kinds of grease replenishing devices are, discharger 1 is the mechanically driven pump formula device shown in Figure 116, and discharger 2 is the air operated pump formula devices shown in Figure 114, and discharger 3 is quantitative discharge type devices of various embodiments of the present invention.
Grease replenishing is as shown in table 4 with the specification of pipe arrangement.
Table 4
Figure C0382301200861
The specification of three kinds of grease replenishing devices is as shown in table 5, and at this, the movable time of each grease replenishing device is certain.
Table 5
Discharger 1 Discharger 2 Discharger 2
The mechanically driven pump type Air operated pump (impedance type) type Quantitative discharge type
The gear drive time: 10 (s) Air service time 10 (s) Air service time 10 (s)
The result of the test of three kinds of grease replenishing devices is as shown in table 6.At this, in each grease replenishing device, enclose lubricating grease in advance in pipe arrangement and nozzle at grease replenishing, measure the lubricating grease amount of discharging from nozzle.
Table 6
Figure C0382301200871
As known from Table 6, in discharger 1 and discharger 2, follow grease replenishing to increase with the length of pipe arrangement, for the first time, for the second time, big change takes place in lubricating grease discharge rate for the third time.Particularly in discharger 2, be inversely proportional to the increase of number of times, the discharge rate of lubricating grease reduces, and at this moment, will form the reason of the fatal damage of bearing life such as sintering.
To this, irrelevant with grease replenishing in the discharger 3 that is equivalent to each embodiment of the present invention with the length of pipe arrangement, for the first time, for the second time, not significantly change of lubricating grease discharge rate for the third time.
The measurement result of the lubricating grease discharge rate of three kinds of grease replenishing devices as shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 7
Device 1 Device 2 Device 3
When pipe arrangement increases, in pipe arrangement, produce residual voltage.Base oil separates, the discharge rate instability When pipe arrangement increases, bear the pipeline friction of pipe arrangement greatly, because of causing discharge rate, the piping length difference changes.Make discharge rate certain, also must control pressing time Affirmation can quantitatively be discharged.
The results verification of described test: in the discharger 3 that is equivalent to each embodiment of the present invention, be not subjected to the effect length of grease replenishing, always can discharge a certain amount of lubricating grease with pipe arrangement.
Embodiment 7
Secondly, the discharge rate of using the grease replenishing that changes from the lubricating grease discharge portion to bearing arrangement to use three kinds of grease replenishing devices of the length of pipe arrangement to observe lubricating grease.Three kinds of grease replenishing devices are, discharger 1 is the type shown in Figure 67, and discharger 2 is the types shown in Figure 72 (a), and discharger 3 is the types shown in Figure 73 (a).
Grease replenishing is as shown in table 8 with the specification of pipe arrangement.
Table 8
Figure C0382301200881
Experimental condition is as shown in table 9.
Table 9
Air is supplied with and is pressed 1 0.3(MPa)
Air is supplied with and is pressed 2 (grease box plus-pressures) (MPa) 0.3 (pressurization always)
The valve open hour 3 minutes
The constant volume discharge device stroke amount 0.02cc/l stroke
The result of the test of three kinds of grease replenishing devices is as shown in table 10.At this, in each grease replenishing device, enclose lubricating grease in advance in pipe arrangement and nozzle at grease replenishing, measure the lubricating grease amount of discharging from nozzle.
Table 10
Figure C0382301200882
As shown in Table 10, discharge rate does not have big difference in discharger 1 and discharger 2.In addition, in discharger 3, owing to be the supercharging output mechanism, even piping length is long to 4m, the change of discharge rate also seldom can be stablized and discharge quantitative lubricating grease.
Embodiment 8
Then, the discharge rate of using the grease replenishing that changes from the lubricating grease discharge portion to bearing arrangement to use six kinds of grease replenishing devices of the length of pipe arrangement to observe lubricating grease.
Grease replenishing is identical with table 8 with the specification of pipe arrangement.
Experimental condition is as shown in table 11.
Table 11
Air is supplied with and is pressed 0.3(MPa)
The valve open hour 3 minutes
The stroke amount of mechanical type metered dose piston pump 0.02cc/l stroke
In six kinds of dischargers, discharger 4～9 is shown in table 12～13.
Figure C0382301200901
Table 13
Promptly, discharger 4 is the devices that use the valve system 1181 of the impedance body formation that utilizes agglomerated material in the type shown in Figure 75, discharger 5 is the devices that use the valve system 1181 of the impedance body formation that utilizes graphite in the type shown in Figure 75, discharger 6 is the devices that use one-way valve mechanism 1181 in the type shown in Figure 75, discharger 7 is the devices that use the valve system 1181 of speed regulator in the type shown in Figure 75, discharger 8 is the types shown in Figure 76, discharger 9 is devices that valve system 1181 is set in the type shown in Figure 75, in the discharger 8, air valve 1191 is called valve S, and pressure valve 1191 is called valve T.
The result of the test of six kinds of grease replenishing devices is shown in table 12, table 13.At this, in each grease replenishing device, enclose lubricating grease in advance in pipe arrangement and nozzle at grease replenishing, measure the lubricating grease amount of discharging from nozzle.
By table 12 and table 13 as can be known, in discharger 4～7, after with the valve closure, the lubricating grease in grease box also produces pressure, so replenish new lubricating grease from grease box to the quantitative output mechanism of lubricating grease.Then, discharge quantitative lubricating grease from nozzle.But in discharger 9, in the valve closure, the pressure in the grease box discharges, thus the interior piston of grease box can not pressurize to lubricating grease, can be to the quantitative output mechanism supplemental lubrication of lubricating grease fat.Thus, can not increase, discharge lubricating grease along with discharging number of times.On the contrary, in discharger 8, after the quantitative discharge piston of the quantitative output mechanism of lubricating grease returns, still be applied with pressure in the grease box, so can discharge quantitative lubricating grease.
Embodiment 9
Use discharger 4, use polyfluortetraethylene pipe and polyurethane pipe, compare test as grease replenishing pipe arrangement 1113.Experimental condition is as shown in table 14.
Table 14
Air is supplied with and is pressed 0.3(MPa)
The valve open hour 3 minutes
The stroke amount of mechanical type metered dose piston pump 0.02cc/l stroke
Grease replenishing pipe arrangement material The polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polyurethane
Grease replenishing piping length (m) 1，2，4
Minute Measure after open 10 minutes at valve
Result of the test is as shown in Table 15.In addition, enclose lubricating grease in advance in pipe arrangement and nozzle, measure the lubricating grease amount of discharging from nozzle at grease replenishing
Table 15
Figure C0382301200921
As shown in Table 15, with respect to the grease replenishing Zhou Peiguan of polyurethane pipe, the grease replenishing of polyfluortetraethylene pipe is few with the pipeline expansion of pipe arrangement, even pipe arrangement increases, also can stablize and discharge quantitative lubricating grease.
In addition, the invention is not restricted to described embodiment, can carry out suitable distortion, improvement etc.
For example, can be not nozzle be set yet, in the cover side of the outer ring side of bearing or axle and bearing space, be communicated with configuration at the sidepiece of bearing arrangement.
In addition, be not limited to air, also can make the gas of water or environmental sound etc. as the medium of carrying to air valve 1122,1191, the driving of air valve 1122,1191, available electric switch valve also can the mechanical switch valve.Or also working medium not uses external force back and forth to drive by revolving force mapping devices such as linking rod and bent axles on the motor prime movers and quantitatively discharges piston.
As mentioned above, grease replenishing device according to the 37～43 embodiment, in driving cylinder, take in and give the quantitative lubricating grease of giving from grease box, and be situated between and quantitatively discharge piston by the check-valves utilization and will be accommodated in quantitative lubricating grease row in the driving cylinder to the grease replenishing pipe arrangement.
Therefore, owing to always supply with quantitative lubricating grease with pipe arrangement,, can carry out stable lubricating grease and discharge so reduce according to the internal diameter of pipe arrangement or the discharge rate change of condition lubricating grease such as length, its shape of nozzle and temperature to grease replenishing.
In addition, owing to the lubricating grease of the pipe arrangement of bearing, can not produce residual voltage for a long time in the part that is positioned to the lubricating grease pressurization, so lubricating grease causes that the branch oil condition is few, in pipe arrangement, exist the situation of the different lubricating grease of denseness to reduce, can be lubricated the quantitative discharge of fat.Therefore, the influence of pipe arrangement be can reduce,, can the long lifetime of grease lubrication and the raising of reliability be sought termly to inner supply trace of bearing and quantitative lubricating grease by discharging the quantitative supply of trace and quantitative lubricating grease off and on.
Grease replenishing device according to described embodiment, because the quantitative discharge piston of mechanical type metered dose piston pump can move back and forth in driving cylinder, so can utilize moving back and forth of quantitative discharge piston quantitatively discharging piston measured lubrication fat in the discharge driving cylinder when moving.When discharging measured lubrication fat, closure of check ring.And, when quantitatively discharging the piston double action, from the new lubricating grease of grease box supply, so can reduce the phenomenon that produces residual voltage in the pipe arrangement.
According to the grease replenishing device of described embodiment, as long as utilize Jie quantitatively to discharge piston, then can not use complicated mechanism by the media drive that valve supplies in the driving cylinder, constitute mechanical type metered dose piston pump.As use air as medium, then Jia Ya mechanism is simplified, and the countermeasure of leaking etc. is compared when adopting grease etc., can carry out very simply.
According to the grease replenishing device of described embodiment, the lubricating grease when in described quantitative discharge piston double action in the grease box can reduce the negative pressure that produces in the driving cylinder when driving cylinder pressurizes, prevent to produce in the lubricating grease bubble.
According to the grease replenishing device of described embodiment,, control so can carry out the trace of discharge rate owing to discharge the lubricating grease be set in 0.004～0.1cc scope to grease replenishing in pipe arrangement by quantitative discharge piston.
According to the grease replenishing device of described embodiment, by using polyfluortetraethylene pipe, can reduce the loss that pipeline expands and produces, can keep the discharge rate of lubricating grease well.
According to the grease replenishing device of described embodiment,, can seek the long lifetime of bearing arrangement or working equipment or used in high-speed motor main shaft device and the raising of reliability by carrying out stable grease replenishing.
The 44 embodiment
Figure 77 is the diagram of the main shaft device 1201 of 44th embodiment of the invention.This main shaft device 1201 has axle 1210, lubricating grease feedway 1217, cooling fluid supply source 1218, clean air supply source 1245.
Shown in Figure 78, axle 1210 has the cover 1215 of a plurality of rolling bearings 1211～1214 of outer embedding and axle and leads to main shaft 1216 at described rolling bearing 1211～1214.
In addition, axle 1210 has the rotor be located on the described main shaft 1,216 1220 and is arranged at stator 1221 on the cover 1215a inner peripheral surface with these rotor 1220 subtends.
On described cover 1215a, be formed with the stator cooling of stator 1221 subtends with groove 1222, on cover 1215c, be formed with the bearing cooling of bearing 1211～1214 subtends with groove 1223.
Being formed with axle center cooling fluid recovery holes 1226, clean air supply hole 1227 and lubricating grease on cover 1215c discharges with hole 1228.On main shaft 1216, be provided with the cooling channel 1229,1230 that extends along its central axial direction.In addition, the symbol among Figure 78 1231 is outer ring glands.
Supply with to each rolling bearing 1211～1214 via the lubricating grease path of being located on cover 1215a, the 1215c 1241,1224 from the lubricating grease that described lubricating grease feedway 1217 is sent.
In addition, cooling fluid Jie who sends from cooling fluid supply source 1218 is supplied with in the cooling channel 1230 of main shaft 1216 by swivel coupling 1232.The cooling fluid of sending from this cooling fluid supply source 1218 also supplies to the stator cooling groove of being located on the cover 1,215 1222.
Shown in Figure 77, the cooling fluid that supplies to cover 1215 and main shaft 1216 from cooling fluid supply source 1218 is recycled to cooling fluid supply source 1218.
In addition, the clean air of sending from clean air supply source 1245 supplies to the cover 1215c (with reference to Figure 78) and the bearing feedway 1217 of axle 1210.
The cooling fluid that these main shaft device 1201 utilizations are sent from cooling fluid supply source 1218 is cooled off the stator 1221 of axle 1210.In addition, utilize this cooling fluid cooling rolling bearing 1211～1214.
In addition, in this main shaft device 1201, cooling fluid is supplied with to the cooling channel 1230 of main shaft 1216 inside, and cooling fluid also is fed in the cooling channel 1229 along vertical circulation of main shaft 1216, so main shaft 1216 also is cooled.
According to this main shaft device 1201, surpassing the such zone of dmn1200000, the not only cooling of stator 1221, the cooling of rolling bearing 1211～1214 is also carried out simultaneously, so even the heating of rolling bearing 1211～1214 is big, rolling bearing 1211～1214 also is cooled, and can prolong the life-span of lubricating grease, can also form oil film reliably.
In addition, because from outside supply lubricating grease, so can utilize new lubricating grease continuous service, thus identical with oil-air lubrication or fog lubrication, but long lifetime.In addition, owing to use grease lubrication,, improve operating environment so, can suppress the atomizeization of lubricating oil even, also be resultful in this one side of environment.
Because the antitriptic wind sound of oil-air lubrication or fog lubrication is suppressed, so also can suppress noise level.
In addition, when the precompressed load when temperature not only and operation is also excessive, sometimes form deficiency because of oil film, just be sintered before life-span reaching lubricating grease, but because main shaft device 1201 of the present invention carries out the cooling of main shaft 1216 simultaneously, so can suppress the temperature difference of the inside and outside circle of rolling bearing 1211～1214.Therefore, using angular contact ball bearing, increasing owing to can suppress the precompressed load, so effect further improves as rolling bearing 1211～1214 o'clock (allocation precompressed).
Using cylinder roller bearing as rolling bearing 1211～1214 o'clock, can suppress radially precompressed (negative gap), can prevent to utilize the premature sintering of grease lubrication.Further great effect can obtained aspect the long lifetime of grease lubrication.
The 45 embodiment
Figure 79 represents the main shaft device 1202 of the 45 embodiment of the present invention.In addition, in the following description, the part identical with described main shaft device 1201 (with reference to Figure 77,78) used prosign, omitted detailed explanation.
This main shaft device 1202 has Jie and is supplied with the first cooling fluid supply source 1218a of cooling fluid and cool off the second cooling fluid supply source 1218b that supplies with cooling fluid with groove 1223 with groove 1222, bearing to the stator cooling of cover 1215 to the cooling channel 1230 of main shaft 1216 by swivel coupling 1232.
The cooling fluid of discharging from cooling channel 1230 is recovered into the first cooling fluid supply source 1218a, and the cooling fluid of discharging with groove 1223 with groove 1222, bearing cooling from the stator cooling is recovered into the second cooling fluid supply source 1218b.
This main shaft device 1202 can carry out the coolant temperature management of main shaft 1216 and stator 1221 respectively, can further suppress the interior axle of bearing and the temperature difference of outer shaft, promptly, by setting the coolant temperature of cooling fluid supply source 1218a lower than the coolant temperature of liquid coolant sources 1218b, can reduce the temperature of main shaft 1216, the precompressed load that can suppress bearing increases, so further improve effect.
The 46 embodiment
Figure 80 represents the main shaft device 1203 of the 46 embodiment of the present invention.This main shaft device 1203 will supply to bearing cooling groove 1223, stator cooling groove 1222 after will passing through the cooling channel 1230,1229 of main shaft 1216 by swivel coupling 1232 from cooling fluid Jie that cooling fluid supply source 1218 is supplied with.
The cooling fluid of discharging with groove 1222 from the stator cooling is recovered in the cooling fluid supply source 1218.
In addition, described main shaft device 1201,1202,1203 is suitable for working equipment main shaft axle, used in high-speed motor axle.
The 47 embodiment
Figure 81 represents the main shaft device 1204 of the 47 embodiment of the present invention.This main shaft device 1204 will be supplied with to axle side and cover side from the cooling fluid that cooling fluid supply source 1218 is supplied with.
In addition, the cooling fluid that supplies to a side reclaims from axle, and the cooling fluid that supplies to the cover side reclaims from cover.In addition, grease replenishing device also can not be the air driven device, but mechanical actuation device can not have the clean air supply source yet.
The 48 embodiment
Figure 82 represents the main shaft device 1205 of the 5th embodiment of the present invention.In this main shaft device 1205, be provided with two cooling fluid supply source 1218a, 1218b.And, carry out the temperature treatment of these cooling fluid supply sources 1218a, 1218b respectively.In addition the main shaft device 1204 with Figure 81 is identical.
The 49 embodiment
Figure 83 is as the diagram of working equipment of the present invention with the main shaft device 1360 of main shaft device.In this main shaft device 1360, the angular contact ball bearing 1300 of use band outer ring and charging hole are at one-sided cylinder roller bearing 1310 supporting spindles 1371 of establishing one in collar bush 1361.In addition, the main shaft device of Figure 83 has used different types of bearing for ease of illustration, but also can be only be made of the bearing of identical type.
Collar bush 1361 has cover main body 1362, the embedded front side shaft bearing sleeve 1363 in cover main body 1362 front ends (left side among the figure), the embedded rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 1364 that is fixed on cover main body 1362 rear sides (right side among the figure) of being fixed on.Be provided with outer ring casting die 1365 and inner ring casting die 1366 in the end of front side shaft bearing sleeve 1363, between outer ring casting die 1365 and inner ring casting die 1366, be formed with the labyrinth.The rear end face quilt cover 1370 of collar bush 1361 covers.
Main shaft 1371 is embedded within and outer be embedded in two rolling bearings 1300,1300 on the front side shaft bearing sleeve 1363 and be embedded in outward on the cylinder roller bearing 1310 on the rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 1364, thereby by collar bush 1361 rotations supporting freely.Between the outer ring of two rolling bearings 1300,1300, dispose outer ring spacer ring 1380, between inner ring, dispose inner ring spacer ring 1376.
Embedding is fixed with rotor 1386 outside the axial substantial middle portion of main shaft 1371.Apart from arranged coaxial stator 1387 is arranged what the outer peripheral face lateral extent of rotor 1386 was stipulated.Stator 1387 is situated between and is fixed on the cover main body 1362 by the stator fixing 1388 that is disposed at stator 1387 outer peripheral face sides.Between cover main body 1362 and stator fixing 1388, be formed with a plurality of grooves 1378 in circumferential direction along main shaft 1371.The cooling cold-producing medium of mobile stator 1387 in these a plurality of grooves 1378.
Equally, between cover main body 1362 and front side shaft bearing sleeve 1363, be formed with mobile cover and bearing cooling a plurality of grooves 1377 at the position that contacts with angular contact ball bearing 1300 outer circumferential sides with cold-producing medium.
At the rear end face of this collar bush 1361, supply with three the lubricating grease supply ports 1392 (Figure 83 only shows) that are used for being lubricated the lubricating grease of fat supply to each supporting 1300,1300,1310 along circumferentially offering.These three lubricating grease supply ports 1392 are communicated with the lubricating grease that is formed in cover main body 1362, front side shaft bearing sleeve 1363 and the rear side bearing holder (housing, cover) 1364 respectively and supply with road 1393a, 1393b, 1393c (for convenience of description, supplying with road 1393a, 1393b, 1393c at each lubricating grease of same cross-section illustration among Figure 83).Thus, the main shaft device 1360 of present embodiment can be supplied with lubricating grease by lubricating grease supply pipe 1391 from being located at outside lubricating grease feedway 1390 Jie in collar bush 1361.
Lubricating grease is supplied with road 1393a and is communicated with the opening 1396 that corresponding single row roller bearing 1310 outer ring sides form, lubricating grease is supplied with road 1393b and is communicated with the opening 1394 that correspondence is disposed at the angular contact ball bearing 1300 outer ring sides formation of front side (left side among the figure), in addition, lubricating grease is supplied with the opening 1395 that road 1393c connection correspondence is disposed at the angular contact ball bearing 1300 outer ring sides formation of rear side (figure central authorities).Thus, the lubricating grease of supplying with from the lubricating grease feedway supplies to each bearing 1300,1300,1310 independently.Opening 1394,1395,1396 is communicated with charging hole, and lubricating grease is situated between independent of the bearing space internal feed by charging hole.
Grease replenishing device 1390 can be to each bearing 1300,1300,1310 independent lubricating grease of supplying with.That is, grease replenishing device 1390 is lubricated fat with suitable timing (off and on or termly) to each bearing 1300,1300,1310 and injects, and an increment is 0.004cc～0.1cc.The lubricating grease of supply is followed the rolling of the roller of the ball of bearing 1300 inside and bearing 1310 inside, and profit is gone into bearing 1300 and 1310 inner body, the lubricating grease of underfeed.At this, when using angular contact ball bearing, one time the grease replenishing amount is preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc, and in addition, when using cylinder roller bearing, the increment of a lubricating grease is preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc.By carry out above shown in lubricating grease in the scope inject, can prevent that lubricating grease deterioration or oil film from forming the generation and the bearing breakage of the unusual intensification that deficiency causes, simultaneously, temperature fluctuation when suppressing grease replenishing prevents to install the axle precision deterioration of the main shaft device of each bearing 1300,1300,1310.
Embodiment 10
Supply with the optimum specification of axle for establishing lubricating grease, implemented to be used to carry out the key element test of following checking.
(1) checking is based on the endurance life of the amount of lubricating grease
The endurance life of bearing temperature when (2) checking is based on operation
Precompressed load and endurance life when (3) checking moves
(4) checking increment once
By testing (1), (2), (3) mensuration by described key element until the elapsed time of sintering checking quantity delivered, temperature, precompressed load.
Experimental condition is as follows.
Test bearing: NSK system bearing 65BNR10HTDB is equivalent to P4 (being equivalent to 7013 high-speed bearing)
Rotary speed: 22000min -2
Lubricated: MTE lubricating grease (NSK system)
Precompressed form: level pressure precompressed
Type of drive: band drives
Test structure: use the testing machine 1240 shown in Figure 84.
(1) based on endurance life of the amount of lubricating grease
Figure 85, Figure 86 represent experimental condition and result of the test.
The 22000min of level pressure precompressed load KA (axle spring constant)=125N μ m when being equivalent to allocation and pressing fit in advance in the experimental condition -1Under running precompressed load about equally.
In addition, cooling condition roughly equates with the design temperature of real machine.
Consider in the result of the test to see through the security that its deviation is seen, as the durable time of giving a definition and inferring from grease-enclosed amount.
Below the grease-enclosed amount 1%...20hr of initial stage
Below the grease-enclosed amount 5%...100hr of initial stage
Below the grease-enclosed amount 15%...250hr of initial stage
In addition, when being enclosed volume below 5%, enclosed volume-durable time is supposed to be controlled at once (linearity) proportionate relationship.
The endurance life of bearing temperature when (2) checking is based on operation
Figure 87, Figure 88 represent experimental condition and result of the test.
Level pressure precompressed loading in the experimental condition is the 22000min of KA=125N/ μ m when being equivalent to allocation and pressing fit in advance roughly respectively -1Under operation the time precompressed loading equate.
As grease-enclosed amount 1%, shortened test period,
In the result of the test, also consider to see through the security that its deviation is seen, as cooling condition and the 22000min of precompressed load 1870N when the grease-enclosed amount 1% of giving a definition, operation -1Under the durable time.
Bearing temperature is more than 60 ℃ ... below the 10hr
40～60 ℃ of bearing temperatures ... below the 20hr
30～40 ℃ of bearing temperatures ... below the 50hr
Precompressed loading and endurance life when (3) moving
Figure 89,90 expression experimental condition and result of the tests.Rotating speed 22000min -1, grease-enclosed amount 5%, cooling condition roughly equate with the design temperature of real machine.By result of the test, also consider to see through the security that its deviation is seen,
During operation below the precompressed loading 1870N...100hr
2200N...50hr below
2600N...40hr below
3000N...20hr below
Know that from the result of key element test amount, temperature, the precompressed loading meeting of lubricating grease influence endurance life greatly.For keeping stable performance under the rotation at a high speed, reduce bearing temperature, the precompressed loading when suppressing operation is important.Can confirm that the present invention is effective.
(4) increment of checking
Secondly, for asking lubricating grease optimum quantity delivered each time, use the cylinder roller bearing 1280 shown in Figure 91 to carry out following test.This cylinder roller bearing 1280 has inner ring 1281, outer ring 1282, disposed the guard ring 1284 of a plurality of cylindrical roller 1283 and outer ring guiding between the outer race track 1282a of the inner race track 1281a of inner ring 1281 and outer ring 1282.In addition, guard ring 1284 forms outer ring guiding form by the outer race track 1282a guiding of outer ring 1282.
And this cylinder roller bearing 1280 uses internal diameter 95mm, external diameter 145mm, roller diameter 11mm, roller length 11mm, several 27 of roller, bearing space volume 31cm 3, on outer race track, implemented the cylinder roller bearing that nicarbing is handled, as the initial stage enclosed volume, with lubricating grease (Aesop Fu Liekesi NBU15:NOK Network リ ユ-バ-(strain) system) 1% of the filled bearing spatial volume, carry out running in.9000min behind the running in -1Under the outer ring temperature be 35 ℃.Then, changing quantity delivered, behind the supply Aesop Fu Liekesi NBU15, in two seconds, rising to 9000min from 0 -1, carry out (n1～n5) the test of mensuration outer ring temperature 5 times.In addition, shown in Figure 92 (a), supply hole is arranged on a position.Table 16 expression result of the test.
Table 16
Increment n-1 n-2 n-3 n-4 n-5
2％ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
4％ ◎ △ ◎ ○ ○
6％ ○ △ × ○ ○
10％ × × × × △
In the table 16, ◎ represents that the outer ring temperature is below 40 ℃, and zero expression outer ring temperature surpasses 40 ℃ and is less than or equal to 50 ℃, and △ represents that the outer ring temperature is equal to or less than 60 ℃ above 50 ℃, and * expression outer ring temperature is above 60 ℃.
Shown in Figure 92 (b), supply with lubricating grease Gr from supply hole to two positions (180 ° of positions that separate) of subtend, carry out same test.Table 17 expression result of the test.
Table 17
Increment n-1 n-2 n-3 n-4 n-5
2％ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
4％ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
6％ △ ◎ ○ ○ ○
10％ △ × × ○ △
In addition, shown in Figure 92 (c), supply with lubricating grease Gr, carry out same test from the supply hole that between roller and roller, all is provided with.Table 18 expression result of the test.
Table 18
Increment N-1 n-2 n-3 n-4 n-5
2％ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
4％ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎ ◎
6％ ○ ◎ △ ◎ ◎
10％ ○ △ △ × △
By table 16～table 18 as can be known, 2% when following, the rotation no abnormality seen after the supply heats up.At 4% o'clock, the position can significantly suppress unusual intensification by increasing supply.That is, even supply with identical amount, the supply hole that a plurality of positions that are provided with from the circumferential interval in the outer ring are provided with injects lubricating grease, also can suppress unusual intensification.On the other hand, when surpassing 4%, even increase the supply position of lubricating grease, temperature also can produce deviation, forms unsure state.
According to described test, we can say that the quantity delivered of lubricating grease is preferably below 4% of bearing space volume each time.But, to supply with synchronously with lubricating grease, bearing temperature has the tendency of interim rising (pulsation), and cylinder roller bearing is than other bearing, for example easier pulsation that produces temperature significantly of angular contact ball bearing.The pulsation of this temperature is no problem when the common use that does not require precision, but in the rolling bearing that on the main shaft of the device of the strict demand precision such as working equipment of mould purposes, uses, might make the length variations of axle because of the pulsation of this temperature, influence machining accuracy.Therefore, preferably reduce the increment of lubricating grease, suppress the pulsation of this temperature.Specifically, preferably making quantity delivered once is 0.004cc～0.1cc, when adopting cylinder roller bearing, be preferably 0.005cc～0.02cc, be preferably 0.01cc～0.03cc when adopting angular contact ball bearing, can suppress the pulsation of temperature thus, the machining accuracy that can guarantee to use the working equipment main shaft device of rolling bearing is high level.Bearing also can adopt other rolling bearing, roller bearing.
More than, when in the zone that surpasses dmn1200000 not being not only cooled rotor but also when carrying out the cooling of bearing portion simultaneously, the heating of bearing portion is big, temperature raises, the early stage deterioration of lubricating grease, but according to the structure of the 44～the 49 embodiment, can prolong the life-span of lubricating grease, can further form oil film reliably by the enforcement cooling.
In addition,, can always utilize new lubricating grease continuous service owing to supply with lubricating grease from the outside, thus identical with oil-air lubrication or fog lubrication, but long lifetime.In addition, owing to use grease lubrication,, improve operating environment so, can suppress the atomizeization of lubricating oil even, also be resultful in this one side of environment.In addition, because the antitriptic wind sound of oil-air lubrication or fog lubrication is suppressed, so also can suppress noise level.
When temperature not only, when the precompressed loading during operation is also excessive, form deficiency because of oil film sometimes, reaching lubricating grease sintering before the life-span, but in the structure of described embodiment,, suppress the temperature difference of the inside and outside circle of rolling bearing owing to carry out internally cooled-spindle but simultaneously, prevent that precompressed from increasing, so effect further improves.
In addition, by main shaft inside is also cooled off, can suppress the Internal and external cycle temperature difference of bearing, the precompressed loading of (allocation precompressed) increases when suppressing to adopt angular contact ball bearing.In addition, when adopting cylinder roller bearing, can suppress radially precompressed (negative gap), the premature sintering in the time of can preventing to utilize grease lubrication.In addition, can further reduce the temperature of axle integral body, the long lifetime that improves grease lubrication is obtained great effect.In addition, in the present embodiment, cooling device comprises the cooling fluid supply source, be located at cooling channel on the main shaft, be located at the stator cooling that puts use groove with groove and bearing cooling, constitutes with groove but comprise at least that cooling fluid supply source and bearing cool off.
The 50 embodiment
Following with reference to Figure 93～101 explanation the present invention the 50～the 55 embodiments.Figure 93 is the profile of the 50 embodiment major part of main shaft device of the present invention, and Figure 94 is the concept map of the cutting fluid detecting sensor of the 50 embodiment employing.
In the main shaft device of illustrated the 50～the 55 embodiment, be situated between by the protecgulum 1403 that is installed in cover main body 1402 front ends and push the outer ring 1401a of bearing 1401 by outer ring spacer ring 1404 to the inside, be situated between and push the inner ring 1401b of bearing 1401 by inner ring spacer ring 1407 to the inside by being screwed together in nut 1406 on the main shaft 1405.In addition, at the front of protecgulum 1403 mounting cup 1408, with the front that covers this protecgulum and the front portion of nut 1406.Then, between outer ring spacer ring 1404 and protecgulum 1403 and nut 1406 and inner ring spacer ring 1407, form annulus 1409.
Form the endless groove 1410 of forward end direction opening in the front of protecgulum 1403 inner periphery, on the other hand, towards the rear, form circular protrusion 1411 in the rear end face neighboring of nut 1406.Then, the circular protrusion 1411 of intercalation nut 1406 constitutes labyrinth sealing 1412 betwixt in the endless groove 1410 of protecgulum 1403.
In addition, in cover 1408 inner peripheral surface configuration labyrinth sealing 1413, utilize this labyrinth sealing will cover between the outer peripheral face of 1408 inner peripheral surface and main shaft 1405 and seal.
In the embodiment shown in Figure 93, on the face of annulus 1409 sides of outer ring spacer ring 1404, cutting fluid detecting sensor 1414 has been installed.
This cutting fluid detecting sensor 1414 is shown in Figure 94, and subtend disposes broach shape contact (electrode) 1414b, 1414c on ring-type substrate 1414a, and these contacts are connected on the test section 1414e by distribution 1414d.In this embodiment, contact 1414a, 1414b are with the arranged spaced of 0.05～1mm degree.
In addition, on outer ring spacer ring 1404 and cover main body 1402, form hole 1404a, 1402a respectively, and in these holes, take in distribution 1414d.And test section 1414e is set at the outside of cover main body 1402.
In the main shaft device of the 50 embodiment, invade via labyrinth 1413 and labyrinth sealing 1412 between contact 1414b, the 1414c of inner cutting fluid contact cutting fluid detecting sensor 1414, with short circuit between the contact, produce voltage change thus, thereby utilize test section 1414e to detect the immersion of cutting fluid.
The 51 embodiment
The 51 embodiment shown in Figure 95 is that the type main shaft device vertically is set, and has three cutting fluid detecting sensors.
In this main shaft device, at protecgulum 1403 and cover on 1408 to be communicated with and form outage 1415.One end of this outage 1415 is at the bottom opening of described annulus 1409.The other end of this outage 1415 along separate routes be top outage 1415a, below outage 1415b, to the outage 1415c that covers side opening in 1408.
Then, on the face of annulus 1409 sides of outer ring spacer ring 1404, install and the first identical cutting fluid detecting sensor 1416 shown in the 50 embodiment.In addition, the height of the corresponding described labyrinth sealing 1412 of outage 1415a is provided with the second cutting fluid detecting sensor 1417 up, below the height of corresponding described oil sealing 1413 of outage 1415b the 3rd cutting fluid detecting sensor 1418 is set.
In addition, second and third cutting fluid detecting sensor 1417,1418 has two electrode 1417a, 1417b, 1418a, 1418b respectively, utilizes based on the detection of carrying out liquid in the voltage change of these electrodes by test section 1417c, the 1418c of cutting fluid conducting.
In the main shaft device of the 51 embodiment, when the cutting fluid that immerses cover 1408 inboards via labyrinth 1413 flows in the cutting fluid detecting sensor 1418 via outage 1415c, detect the immersion of cutting fluid by this sensor.
In addition, when the amount of this cutting fluid reached the height in labyrinth 1412, cutting fluid flowed in the outage 1415, is cut liquid detecting sensor 1417 and detects.
In addition, when the amount of cutting fluid reaches annulus 1409, be cut liquid detecting sensor 1416 and detect.
Therefore,, the immersion degree of cutting fluid can be detected, thus, main shaft device can be suitably controlled according to the 51 embodiment.
For example, when sensor 1418 has detected cutting fluid, urge the operator to take to adjust measures such as cutting fluid service condition or cutting fluid injection nozzle by warning, prevent further immersion, in sensor 1417 perception during cutting fluid, by supplying with new lubricant, prevent lubrication performance deteriorates to bearing 1.In addition, when sensor 1416 has detected cutting fluid, then can limit the service condition of main shaft device, or force to make it to stop etc., sintering is prevented trouble before it happens.
The 52 embodiment
In the 52 embodiment shown in Figure 96, identical with described the 51 embodiment, at protecgulum 1403 and cover on 1408 to be communicated with and form outage 1419.The upper end open of this outage 1419 sets the sensor 1420 identical with the second cutting fluid detecting sensor of described the 51 embodiment in annulus 1409 at the other end.
In the main shaft device of the 52 embodiment, the cutting fluid that immerses annulus 1409 via labyrinth 1413 and labyrinth sealing 1412 arrives on the cutting fluid detecting sensor 1420 via outage 1419, utilizes this sensor to detect the immersion of cutting fluid.
According to this embodiment, when circumferential arrangement sensor that can not be at bearing 1401, be effective.
The 53 embodiment
In the 53 embodiment that Figure 97 represents, on the face of annulus 1409 sides of outer ring spacer ring 1404, paste the cutting fluid detecting sensor 1421 identical with described the 50 embodiment, form hole 1404a, 1404a at outer ring spacer ring 1404 and cover main body 1402 respectively, and in these holes, take in distribution 1421a.
In this embodiment, at protecgulum 1403 and cover on 1408 to be communicated with and form outage 1422, an end of this outage is at the bottom opening of described annulus 1409.And, at the other end of outage 1422 dump valve 1423 is set.This dump valve 1423 adopts check valve.This dump valve 1423 is by being pressed into the valve that ball 1423a opens, and it has the instrument that is pressed into 1424 that is used to be pressed into ball 1423a.This leading section that is pressed into instrument 1424 has baculum 1424a.In addition, this to be pressed into instrument 1424 also can be that inside has the part that attracts path 1424b.
In the main shaft device of the 53 embodiment, the cutting fluid that immerses annulus 1409 via labyrinth 1413 and labyrinth sealing 1412 flows into dump valve 1423 via outage 1422.Under the situation of this embodiment, storage cutting fluid in outage 1422, when this cutting fluid arrived annulus 1409, detected sensor 1421 detected.So far,, outage 1422 closes, so can not immerse cutting fluid from outage 1422 because being discharged from the one-way valve mechanism of valve 1423.Utilizing cutting fluid detecting sensor 1421 to detect under the situation of cutting fluid, the ball 1423a that utilizes the projection 1424a that is pressed into instrument 1424 to be pressed into dump valve 1423 opens valve 1423, thus, the cutting fluid in the outage 1422 can be discharged to the outside.
In addition, have the cutting fluid that the instrument that is pressed into 1424 that attracts path 1424b attracts in the outages 1422,, also can discharge reliably even then be the high cutting fluid of viscosity as use.
In addition, fixedly be pressed into instrument 1424, then can use the travel mechanism of conveying axis, so can seek automation at an easy rate as movable range at main tapping.In addition, when in movable range, being inconvenient to have the instrument 1424 of being pressed into, also can utilize transmission device that the instrument of being pressed into 1424 is moved.
The 54 embodiment
In the 54 embodiment shown in Figure 98, on outer ring spacer ring 1404 and inner ring spacer ring 1407, dispose bearing seal 1425, and the cutting fluid detecting sensor 1426 identical with described the 50 embodiment is installed in annulus 1409 sides of this bearing seal 1425.And, in this embodiment, on protecgulum 1403 and cover main body 1402, form hole 1403a, 1402a, and in these holes, insert pipe arrangement 1426a.
In the main shaft device of the 54 embodiment, identical with the 50 embodiment, be cut liquid detecting sensor 1426 via labyrinth 1413 and the inner cutting fluid of labyrinth sealing 1412 immersions and detect.
When adopting the main shaft device of the 54 embodiment, can prevent to immerse foreign matter by bearing seal 1425 to bearing 1401, and not only can prevent to spill lubricant, compactness and the good sensor of assembleability can also be set as the bearing seal of belt sensor from bearing.
The 55 embodiment
The 55 embodiment shown in Figure 99 represents to have the main shaft device of signal function of supply of lubricant on bearing 1401 of utilizing the cutting fluid detecting sensor.
In this embodiment, identical with the 50 embodiment, on the face of annulus 1412 sides of outer ring spacer ring 1404, cutting fluid detecting sensor 1427 is installed, on outer ring spacer ring 1404 and cover main body 1402, form hole 1404a, 1402a respectively, and in these holes 1404a, 1402a, take in distribution 1427a.
In addition, in this embodiment, form lubricating grease supply hole 1401c on the 1401a of the outer ring of bearing 1401, this lubricating grease supply hole is situated between and is connected with feeding lubricating device 1428 by the hole 1402b that forms on cover main body 1402.
And this feeding lubricating device 1428 is controlled by control device 1429 based on the signal of cutting fluid detecting sensor 1427.
In the main shaft device of the 55 embodiment, identical with the 50 embodiment, be cut liquid detecting sensor 1426 via labyrinth 1413 and the inner cutting fluid of labyrinth sealing 1412 immersions and detect.And, when utilizing sensor 1427 to detect cutting fluid, by control device 1429 lubricant is supplied with instruction and delivers to feeding lubricating device 1428, and from this feeding lubricating device to bearing 1401 force feed lubricants.
Particularly when using grease-enclosed formula main shaft device, when in a single day cutting fluid immerses bearing when inner, lubricating function is remarkable deterioration just, is easy to generate sintering.And, when not having the cutting fluid measuring ability, can not before sintering, repair.
When adopting the main shaft device of this embodiment,, can obtain the high grease lubrication formula main shaft device of reliability by also using with cutting fluid detecting sensor 1427 owing to have lubricant device for supplying 1428.
Figure 100 represents to have the control system of the working equipment of main shaft device A of the present invention.
In this working equipment, when utilize the cutting fluid detecting sensor to detect cutting fluid when existing at main shaft device A, just with this signal input control device B, warning on the monitor C that in control device B, is provided with, or light emergency warning lamp D simultaneously.Known that operator that this warning shows can adjust the flow or the pressure of cutting fluid by the operation board of operating control device B, the direction of change cutting fluid injection nozzle E etc. can prevent the further immersion of cutting fluid.
In addition, the dump valve on being located at main shaft device A (valve 1423 Figure 97) F also can discharge cutting fluid to the outside, also can supply with new lubricant from lubricant supply hole (lubricant Figure 99 is supplied with and used hole 1402b) G.
Figure 101 is the actual result of cutting fluid with time series determination sensor signal that pack in the main shaft device with cutting fluid detecting sensor.Can detect at the moment voltage that immerses and rise to 2 volts from about 0 volt, can confirm the effect of sensor.
As mentioned above, according to the main shaft device of the 50～the 55 embodiment, before cutting fluid is invaded bearing inside, detect the immersion of cutting fluid to main shaft device inside, do not need to stop for a long time machine operation, can keep the greasy property of main shaft bearing long-term and stably.
According to the main shaft device of described embodiment, can before the inner immersion of bearing cutting fluid, detect the cutting fluid that immerses sealing.In addition, most recently used leads directly to cooling medium (ス Le one Network one ラ Application ト) can make the swivel joint breakage, also produces the problem that cutting fluid immerses main shaft device inside, though the situation of leak detection with sensor of installing arranged, even but sensor detects the immersion of cutting fluid, also be difficult to handle.In the present invention, after detecting the cutting fluid immersion,, prevent to wash away the damage of the bearing that lubricant causes at present, want place under repair, can avoid the out of use state of main shaft device though produced the parts of fault by to the bearing supply of lubricant.When particularly main shaft device is for the use grease lubrication is effective.
Following with reference to description of drawings the 56～the 63 embodiment of the present invention.Support working equipment and raise clothes motor main shaft device with main shaft device or AC, it is appropriate using the embodiment of following explanation.
The 56 embodiment
Figure 102 represents to constitute the angular contact ball bearing device 1503 of the main shaft device with the angular contact ball bearing that uses the 56 embodiment of the present invention.This angular contact ball bearing device 1503 comprises: angular contact ball bearing 1532; In the configuration of the side of angular contact ball bearing 1532, be configured near the discharge spacer ring 1533,1538 the Internal and external cycle 1542,1543 simultaneously as rotary body; Rotating shaft 1545; The cover 1536 of bearing angle contact ball bearing 1532.
In addition, this angular contact ball bearing 1503 has: outer ring spacer ring 1534, the otch 1535 that forms in these outer ring spacer ring 1534 ends; Be formed at the lubricant storage space 1537 of otch 1535 outer circumferential sides in the cover 1536.
Shown in Figure 103, on outer ring spacer ring 1534, dispose a plurality of described otch 1535 radially.Like this, by radial the discharge efficient that a plurality of otch 1535 improve lubricant is set.
Between the angular contact ball bearing 1532 of Figure 102 and outer ring spacer ring 1534, be formed with gap 1539.In addition, on cover 1536, be formed with from the outside to the lubricant supply pathway 1531 of angular contact ball bearing 1523 internal feed lubricants.In addition, also be formed with lubricant storage space 1540 in the side of discharging spacer ring 1533,1538.
This angular contact ball bearing device 1503 will be supplied with the internal feed of pathway 1531 to angular contact ball bearing 1532 from lubricant from the outside lubricant of supplying with, and be stored in angular contact ball bearing 1532 inside.
In the lubricant in being stored in this angular contact ball bearing 1532, the lubricant of contact discharge spacer ring 1533,1538 is splashed to the outside of angular contact ball bearing 1532 by the revolving force of discharging spacer ring 1533,1538.
Through discharging the otch 1535 of lubricant that spacer ring 1533 splashes, enter the lubricant storage space 1537 that has on the cover 1536, and be stored in wherein by being located at outer ring spacer ring 1534.
Fail lubricant by otch 1535 by angular contact ball bearing 1532 with discharge the gap 1539 of 1533 of spacer rings, be stored in the lubricant storage space 1540 of discharging 1534 of spacer ring 1533 and outer ring spacer rings.
Lubricant storage space 1537 is spaces that the groove shape is provided with on the internal diameter of cover 1536, and it cooperates with lubricant storage space 1540, can store the lubricant as 20,000 hours amounts in common life-span of lubricant in working equipment is used main shaft.
Usually, the volume that store the necessary space of lubricant of 20,000 hours amounts is 0.2cc a lubricant discharge rate, and discharging when being spaced apart 12 hours is about 33cc.In the present invention, adding up to the volume of two lubricant storage spaces 1537,1540 is 34cc.
In Figure 102, when axle 1545 rotates at a high speed, the air of angular contact ball bearing 1532 inside be subjected to ball 1544 the axis of rotation influence and flow to the right in left side from Figure 102.Therefore, lubricant is mainly discharged to the right side of angular contact ball bearing 1532, so when gap 1539 is set at 0.2～0.5mm, discharge excellent in efficiency.
Because discharge spacer ring 1538 sides in left side just were difficult to discharge lubricant originally among Figure 102, so gap 1541 is also can ratio gap 1539 big, even do not have the lubricant storage space on the cover 1536 of periphery, lubricant also can be discharged.
Like this, in the angular contact ball bearing 1503 of the present invention, stick on the discharge spacer ring 1533,1538 that forms as near the rotary bodies that are disposed at the angular contact ball bearing 1532 owing to the lubricant that is full of to angular contact ball bearing 1532 inside, and should discharge spacer ring 1533,1538 with axle 1545 rotations, so the lubricant that adheres on this discharge spacer ring 1533,1538 is splashed to the bearing outside because of revolving force, lubricant is forced to and discharges to the bearing outside constantly.
As described lubricant, lubricating grease, oil is any all is effectively, has the stirring impedance that reduces lubricant, the effect that suppresses heating.
In addition, owing to be provided with the lubricant storage space 1537 of the row's of storage lubricant of circumferential cover 1536 outside discharging spacer ring 1533, so the lubricant that is splashed by discharge spacer ring 1533 can easily enter in the lubricant storage space 1537, the storage space volume also can increase.
In addition, because the rotating speed size of respective shaft 1545 changes the size of the revolving force that lubricant splashes, so can reduce the quantity delivered of lubricant.When low speed rotation, the lubricant discharge rate also is suppressed simultaneously, can carry out the suitable lubricant of corresponding rotating speed and supply with.
The 57 embodiment
Figure 104 represents to constitute the angular contact ball bearing device 1054 of the main shaft device of the present invention's the 57 embodiment.In addition, in each following embodiment, the part identical with Figure 102 used identical symbol, omitted detailed explanation.
In this angular contact ball bearing device 1504, angular contact ball bearing 1550 is made up by the back side and installs.In addition, constitute by hole 1551 for the space that makes lubricant pass the outer ring spacer ring 1534 in left side among Figure 104.
Shown in Figure 105 (a) and (b), hole 1551 is arranged on a plurality of positions on the outer ring spacer ring 1534 radially.Thus, lubricant is discharged efficiently.
This angular contact ball bearing device 1504 also has the effect identical with the angular contact ball bearing device 1503 of described the 56 embodiment.
The 58 embodiment
Figure 106 represents to constitute the angular contact ball bearing device 1503 of the 58 embodiment main shaft device of the present invention.
In this angular contact ball bearing device 1506, discharge spacer ring 1552a, 1552b and constitute by the parts different with inner ring spacer ring 1553.At this moment, can utilize minimal material manufacturing to discharge spacer ring 1552a, 1552b, can realize low cost.
The 59 embodiment
Figure 107 represents to constitute the angular contact ball bearing device 1507 of the main shaft device that is suitable for the 59 embodiment of the present invention.
In this angular contact ball bearing device 1507, replace the discharge spacer ring 1533 of Figure 102, on the inner ring 1542 of bearing 1532 and guard ring 1554, be provided with and discharge flange 1555.
The shaped design of 1507 pairs of inner ring spacer rings 1553 of this angular contact ball bearing device is influence not.
The 60 embodiment
Figure 108 represents to constitute the roller bearing device 1508 of the main shaft device that is suitable for the 60 embodiment of the present invention.
In this roller bearing device 1508, used roller bearing 1556 to replace the angular contact ball bearing 32 of angular contact ball bearing device 1503 shown in Figure 1.This roller bearing device 1508 also has the action effect identical with the angular contact ball bearing device 1503 shown in Figure 102.
The 61 embodiment
Figure 109 represents to constitute the angular contact ball bearing device 1509 of the main shaft device that is suitable for the 61 embodiment of the present invention.In this angular contact ball bearing device 1509, be provided with lubricant and store the lubricant storage space 1537 that hole 1557 replaces Figure 102.
This lubricant is stored hole 1557 and is provided with a plurality of radially.Thus, can obtain storing the enough big space of lubricant.
The 62 embodiment
Figure 110 represents to constitute the bearing arrangement 1560 of the main shaft device that is suitable for the 62 embodiment of the present invention.In this bearing arrangement 1560, be stored in lubricants in cover 1536 the lubricant storage space 1537 and flow into the tap 1561 continuous, and be stored in this with lubricant storage space 1537.
Tap 1561 is provided with a plurality of on circumference, can increase the volume of lubricant storage space 1537.
Axle 1545 o'clock are set in the horizontal direction,,, all can below lubricant storage space 1537, dispose tap 1561 so how the phase place of pipe box 1536 is not provided with owing on circumference, be provided with a plurality of taps 1561.Therefore, the advantage that has easy design, assembling.
The 63 embodiment
Figure 111 represents to be suitable for the spindle unit 1570 of the 63 embodiment of the present invention.In this spindle unit 1570, on cover 1536, be provided with tap 1571.In addition, be provided with fluid intake 1572, be provided with lubricant outlet 1573 in the other end in an end of tap 1571.
This spindle unit 1570 has by flow into the function that other fluid is safeguarded in tap 1571 from the outside.
Current, spindle unit 1570 is used continuously with during certain, and lubricant is full of lubricant storage space 1537 and tap 1571, in the time can not further storing, must safeguard.
At this moment, when from fluid intake 1572 incoming fluids, the lubricant that is stored in angular contact ball bearing 1532, lubricant storage space 1537 and tap 1571 inside is rinsed, and discharges from lubricant outlet 1573.
Fluid intake 1572 and lubricant outlet 1573 can be reciprocal, also can discharge lubricant from both from both incoming fluids.After discharging old lubricant, by supply with new lubricant from the outside, do not need spindle unit 1570 is disintegrated, assembles, just can bring into play original greasy property.
When carrying out using the lubricant functions of physical supply that had originally on the spindle unit 1570 when supplying with from the lubricant of outside, can easier maintenance.In addition, also can the working service feedway.
As the example of the fluid that is used to safeguard, compressed air, cleaning fluid, oil are arranged, reach their combination etc.
Figure 112 (a) be comparison in the present invention and conventional example in supply of lubricant the figure of continuous run results.In the present invention, compare with conventional example, no abnormal intensification, the lubricant residual volume of angular contact ball bearing 1532 inside also is suitable value.
In addition, the experimental condition of Figure 112 (b) expression Figure 112 (a).
As mentioned above, according to the present invention, the lubricant that supplies to bearing inside adheres near the rotary body that disposes the bearing, and by the outside of the revolving force fly bomb of this rotary body to bearing, lubricant is forced to and is discharged to constantly the bearing outside.It all is effectively that lubricant uses any of lubricating grease, oil, has the stirring impedance that reduces lubricant, the effect that suppresses heating.
In addition, because circumferential putting is provided with the storage space of discharging lubricant outside rotary body, the lubricant that is splashed by rotary body is easily entered in the storage space, the storage space volume also can increase.
In addition, because the rotation speed change of corresponding main shaft also changes the size of the revolving force that lubricant splashes, so can reduce the quantity delivered of lubricant, when low speed rotation, the lubricant discharge rate also can be suppressed simultaneously, can carry out the suitable lubricant supply of corresponding rotating speed.
When lubricated dose of storage space fills up, must discharge lubricant to bearing arrangement is outside, but according to the present invention and since can by from the outside to be located at the tap incoming fluid that the storage space that puts links to each other, discharge whole lubricants, so can easily safeguard.
In addition, the grease replenishing device of described embodiment mainly uses in order to supply with lubricating grease in the rolling bearing that is used for main shaft device, but grease replenishing device of the present invention is not limited to main shaft device, also can lubricate the rolling bearing that is used in other device.
In addition, the specific embodiment of above-mentioned reference describes the present invention in detail, but those skilled in the art are very clear, only otherwise breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention just can carry out various changes or correction.
The application is based on following application, its content at this as reference.
The Japanese patent application of application on July 29th, 2002 (special hope 2002-220015),
The Japanese patent application of application on August 2nd, 2002 (special hope 2002-226233),
The Japanese patent application of application on August 30th, 2002 (special hope 2002-253082),
The Japanese patent application of application on March 14th, 2003 (special hope 2003-070338),
The Japanese patent application of application on April 15th, 2003 (special hope 2003-110788),
The Japanese patent application of application on April 15th, 2003 (special hope 2003-110789),
The Japanese patent application of application on April 17th, 2003 (special hope 2003-113421),
The Japanese patent application of application on April 25th, 2003 (special hope 2003-122551),
The Japanese patent application of application on July 3rd, 2003 (special hope 2003-270786),
The Japanese patent application of application on July 15th, 2003 (special hope 2003-274546),
The Japanese patent application of application on July 24th, 2003 (special hope 2003-279135),
The Japanese patent application of application on July 24th, 2003 (special hope 2003-279306),
The Japanese patent application of application on July 24th, 2003 (special hope 2003-279345),
The Japanese patent application of application on July 25th, 2003 (special hope 2003-280365).
Supply with at lubricant, during particularly lubricating grease is supplied with, can provide and when rotating at a high speed, to make rolling bearing, grease replenishing device, main shaft device, grease replenishing method and the grease replenishing program of bearing long lifetime.

Claims (32)

1, a kind of main shaft device, it comprises: can rotate the rolling bearing of supporting spindle and to the grease replenishing device of the inside of described rolling bearing supply lubricating grease, wherein, described rolling bearing comprises: inner peripheral surface has the outer ring of outer race track face in cover; Outer peripheral face has the inner ring of inner race track face; The rolling element that between described outer race track face and described inner race track face, rolls and be provided with freely, it is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device is the described lubricating grease of mode supply of 0.004cc～0.1cc with increment once, to described rolling element or the direct supply lubricating grease of retainer spigot surface.
2, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device comprises the charging hole of being located on the described outer ring.
3, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it also has the outer ring spacer ring, and described grease replenishing device is included in the charging hole that is provided with on the spacer ring of described outer ring.
4, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device is included in the described charging hole that puts setting.
5, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described main shaft device also has at least one rotary body that disposes near the side of described inner ring or described outer ring, by the rotation of described rotary body lubricating grease is discharged to the outside of described rolling bearing.
6, main shaft device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described putting is provided with the storage space of storing the lubricating grease of discharging.
7, main shaft device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, it has from described storage space at least one tap to the outside discharge of described main shaft device lubricating grease, can store lubricating grease in this tap.
As any described main shaft device of claim 5～7, it is characterized in that 8, described rotary body is the flange that forms at least one of the guard ring of inner ring spacer ring, described inner ring, described rolling bearing.
9, main shaft device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, can discharge lubricating grease by flowing into the fluid different with lubricating grease from the outside to described tap.
10, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, it has the turn-sensitive device of the rotary speed that detects described main shaft, described grease replenishing device according to described rotary speed to the inside of described rolling bearing supply lubricating grease.
11, main shaft device as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device is divided into a plurality of zones with rotary speed, on each described zone, set addition calculated value, and at the described addition calculated value of the corresponding described rotary speed of measuring of each accumulative total unit interval, obtain aggregate-value, reach setting when above at described aggregate-value, supply lubricating grease.
12, main shaft device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device is removed described aggregate-value when supply lubricating grease, and the number of purge of the described aggregate-value of accumulative total.
13, as claim 11 or 12 described main shaft devices, described grease replenishing device is set at 0 with addition calculated value when described axle stops, not adding up.
14, as any described main shaft device of claim 10～12, it is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device is controlled, and the lubricating grease residual quantity in described grease replenishing device drops to setting when following, and the rotary speed of described main shaft is become below the predetermined rotational speed.
15, as any described main shaft device of claim 11～12, it is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device is controlled, lubricating grease residual quantity in described grease replenishing device drops to setting when following, the rotary speed of described main shaft is become below the predetermined rotational speed, and described predetermined rotational speed is arranged in next rotary speed zone in the high rotation speed zone in described a plurality of zones.
16, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device comprises: have check-valves and quantitatively discharge piston, be used to discharge the mechanical type metered dose piston pump of described lubricating grease; Store the grease box of described lubricating grease; Grease box inner carrier to the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the described grease box; Be located in the described grease box, monitor the sensor of lubricating grease residual quantity.
17, main shaft device as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, described sensor has the magnet that is installed on the described grease box inner carrier.
18, as claim 16 or 17 described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that, be provided with the pressure that monitors the lubricating grease in the described grease box or connect the sensor of the pressure of the lubricating grease in the lubricating grease pipe arrangement of described mechanical type metered dose piston pump and described grease box.
19, as claim 16 or 17 described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that, be provided with to carrying out at described mechanical type metered dose piston pump after stroke discharges lubricating grease, under the state of described quantitative discharge piston reposition, to the pressurization of the lubricating grease in the described grease box, and the mechanism that described grease box inner carrier is kept certain hour pressure.
As claim 16 or 17 described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that 20, described sensor is detecting when unusual, controls the upper limit of described main axis rotation speed.
21, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described grease replenishing device has mechanical type metered dose piston pump, and this mechanical type metered dose piston pump comprises: the grease box of storing described lubricating grease; To give the driving cylinder of quantitatively accommodating the lubricating grease of giving from described grease box; The quantitative discharge piston that can in described driving cylinder, move back and forth, its quantitative lubricating grease that will be housed in this driving cylinder is discharged to grease replenishing with in the pipe arrangement; Be configured in the check-valves of described driving cylinder end.
22, main shaft device as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, described mechanical type metered dose piston pump has the valve of feeding medium in described driving cylinder, and described quantitative discharge piston is by the described media drive of being supplied with by described valve.
As claim 21 or 22 described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that 23, described grease replenishing pipe arrangement is a polyfluortetraethylene pipe.
24, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises: to described cover internal feed cooling fluid, and the cooling device at cooling regulation position; Have the rotor that is set on the described main shaft and reach the motor that is set at the stator on the described cover inner peripheral surface with described rotor subtend, described main shaft is by described motor-driven, described cooling device can cool off described stator, simultaneously, can cool off the described at least outer ring on the described rolling bearing.
25, main shaft device as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, described cooling device is by supplying to described cooling fluid described main shaft inside, and makes the vertical circulation of described cooling fluid along described main shaft, can cool off described main shaft.
26, as claim 24 or 25 described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that having the cooling fluid retracting device of recovery from the described cooling fluid of described main shaft and the discharge of described cover.
27, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rolling bearing has in the formation of described outer ring, and form at least one charging hole of the inner supply lubricating grease of described rolling bearing with in described outer ring periphery, and the endless groove that contains described charging hole, the cross-sectional area (mm of described endless groove 2) be equal to or greater than 0.25mm divided by the value of the section girth (mm) of described endless groove.
28, main shaft device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rolling bearing has and forms in described outer ring and at least one charging hole of the inside of described rolling bearing supply lubricating grease, described cover has the endless groove that forms and face described charging hole within it week, the cross-sectional area (mm of described endless groove 2) be equal to or greater than 0.25mm divided by the value of the section girth (mm) of described endless groove.
29, as claim 27 or 28 described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that, in the periphery of described outer ring or the interior week of described cover, be formed with the pair of outside annular groove, and be embedded in O type sealing ring at described pair of outside annular groove in the axial both sides of described charging hole.
As claim 27 or 28 described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that 30, the gap of the interior week of described cover and the periphery of described outer ring is equal to or less than 30 μ m, the length of the part that the outer diametric plane of described outer ring and described cover axially join is equal to or less than 1mm.
31, as claim 1～7,9,10～12,16～17,21～22,24～25,27～28 any described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that described main shaft is the working equipment main shaft.
32, as claim 1～7,9,10～12,16～17,21～22,24～25,27～28 any described main shaft devices, it is characterized in that described main shaft is the used in high-speed motor main shaft.
CNB038230127A 2002-07-29 2003-07-29 Rolling bearing, grease replenishing device, main shaft device, grease replenishing method, and grease replenishing program Expired - Fee Related CN100455407C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (15)

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JP2002220015 2002-07-29
JP220015/2002 2002-07-29
JP226233/2002 2002-08-02
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JP110789/2003 2003-04-15
JP113421/2003 2003-04-17
JP122551/2003 2003-04-25
JP270786/2003 2003-07-03
JP274546/2003 2003-07-15
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