CN100452632C - Power supplier with over-low-voltage protecting system and over-low-voltage protection - Google Patents
Power supplier with over-low-voltage protecting system and over-low-voltage protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN100452632C CN100452632C CNB2005100842778A CN200510084277A CN100452632C CN 100452632 C CN100452632 C CN 100452632C CN B2005100842778 A CNB2005100842778 A CN B2005100842778A CN 200510084277 A CN200510084277 A CN 200510084277A CN 100452632 C CN100452632 C CN 100452632C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
A power provider with low voltage protecting system and the low-voltage protecting method, the microprocessor controlling and coupling the power provider achieves the processing program when the outputting voltage is too low, including: the power factor correcting circuit; the main line capacitance forms the main line voltage by the power factor correcting circuit receives the inputting voltage; the transforming circuit provides several outputting voltage to the microprocessor according to the main line voltage; the monitor controls the right signal according to geometric proportion main line voltage; the low-voltage testing circuit stops the power-rise movement of the power factor correcting circuit when the outputting voltage is too low. The power factor correcting circuit stops the power-rise movement, the main line voltage can attenuate gradually. When the main line geometric proportion voltage is lower that the critical signal of the monitor, the monitor controls the right signal of the power, the microprocessor achieves the processing program.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the power supply unit technology, be a kind of power supply unit with under-voltage protection system concretely and cross method of undervoltage protection, cross when low, make microprocessor finish the power supply unit and the method for handling procedure in advance when input voltage.
Background technology
Power supply unit is the important source of electronic installation operation required electric power.Operation process information by the microprocessor on the electronic installation (as mainboard) is one of modern's processing method of relying on very much.When input voltage was lower than protection voltage, power supply unit usually can be out of service to avoid damage.If this moment, microprocessor failed to finish handling procedure, the loss that causes will be difficult to estimate.
As shown in Figure 1, the existing circuit diagram that includes the power supply unit of power factor correction circuit.How below will illustrate that the existing power supply unit that comprises power factor correction circuit is crossed at input voltage by Fig. 1 protects when low.
Cooperate Fig. 1, please refer to Fig. 2, Figure 2 shows that the existing under-voltage protection sequential chart excessively that comprises the power supply unit of power factor correction circuit.Serve as low-voltage detection circuit 220 and produced under-voltage protection signal S
BOWhen (high levle signal), the working power V of change-over circuit 250
CCBe cut off (low level signal) immediately, the pulse wave modulating signal S in the change-over circuit 250
PWMNo longer produce (low level signal), cause output voltage V
OUTAlso end (low level signal), the working power V of watch-dog 260 simultaneously relatively
CCAlso be cut off, so power supply good signal V
PGOAlso corresponding to (low level signal).The microprocessor 10 that couples with power supply unit 20 can't be finished handling procedure in advance thus.
Cooperate Fig. 1, please refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the existing method of undervoltage protection flow chart excessively that comprises the power supply unit of power factor correction circuit.At first power supply unit 20 utilized low-voltage detection circuit 220 to confirm input voltage V
INWhether less than protection voltage (P110); If input voltage V
INLess than protection voltage, cross low-voltage detection circuit 220 and produced under-voltage protection signal S
BO(P120) give stand-by circuit 230; Stand-by circuit 230 by power factor correction circuit 240, change-over circuit 250, with the working power V of watch-dog 260
CC(P130).
As mentioned above,, cross when low at input voltage though the existing power supply unit 20 that comprises power factor correction circuit has become the main flow in market, can't be in output voltage V
OUTFor make the microprocessor that couples with power supply unit finish handling procedure a time of delay in good time, cause the user greatly to lose by the output prerequisite through regular meeting.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; the present invention proposes a kind of power supply unit with under-voltage protection system and crosses method of undervoltage protection to provide required voltage for the microprocessor that couples with power supply unit; when power supply unit is in the low input supply; control a power supply good signal; make microprocessor before the output voltage of power supply unit ends, can finish handling procedure in advance.
A kind of tool of the present invention is crossed the power supply unit of under-voltage protection system, comprising: a power factor correction circuit receives input voltage, and input voltage is carried out power factor correction and boosts;
One bus capacitance is connected in the output of power factor correction circuit, forms a bus voltage according to the input voltage of power factor correction circuit output at the bus capacitance two ends;
One change-over circuit is connected in bus capacitance, provides an output voltage to microprocessor according to bus voltage;
One watch-dog is connected in microprocessor, detects and the proportional voltage of bus voltage, exports one or more power supply good signals to microprocessor; And
One crosses low-voltage detection circuit, is connected in power factor correction circuit, crosses when low when input voltage, stops to boost of power factor correction circuit;
Wherein, when input voltage is crossed when low; power factor correction circuit stops to boost; bus voltage is decayed gradually; when being lower than a minimum detectable signal of watch-dog setting with the proportional voltage of bus voltage; watch-dog is promptly controlled a power supply good signal makes microprocessor finish handling procedure and when being lower than a low output protection voltage of setting in the change-over circuit with the proportional voltage of bus voltage, change-over circuit stops output voltage to microprocessor in advance.
The method of a kind of under-voltage protection of the present invention, it uses in power supply unit, an input voltage that receives when power supply unit is crossed when low, control at least one microprocessor and finish handling procedure in advance, this is crossed method of undervoltage protection and comprises: judge that whether input voltage is less than default protection voltage; When input voltage is lower than default protection voltage, then stops the power factor correction in the power supply unit and boost; Stop boost charge to a bus capacitance; The voltage of changing on this bus capacitance becomes an output voltage; Judge that whether this output voltage is less than a low output protection voltage; And by output voltage; Judge that whether this input voltage is crossed low and control one power supply good signal, makes microprocessor finish handling procedure in advance.
In the above-mentioned explanation, when the low output protection voltage that is lower than that change-over circuit sets in the power supply unit with the proportional voltage of bus voltage (as output voltage), change-over circuit promptly stops output voltage to microprocessor.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is, when power supply unit was in the low input supply, by in time controlling the power supply good signal, make microprocessor at the output voltage of power supply unit by the preceding handling procedure of finishing in advance, prevented the phenomenon that information that low input produces is omitted or damaged and cause the user greatly to lose.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the existing circuit diagram that comprises the power supply unit of power factor correction circuit;
The sequential chart that Fig. 2 carried out under-voltage protection for the existing power supply unit that comprises power factor correction circuit;
Fig. 3 is the existing flow chart of crossing method of undervoltage protection that comprises the power supply unit of power factor correction circuit;
Fig. 4 crosses the circuit box schematic diagram of the power supply unit of under-voltage protection system for tool of the present invention;
The preferable enforcement circuit diagram of watch-dog that Fig. 5 proposes for the present invention;
Fig. 6 carried out the sequential chart of under-voltage protection for the present invention; And
Fig. 7 crosses the method flow diagram of method of undervoltage protection for the present invention.
The figure number explanation:
220
Stand-by circuit 230 power factor correction circuits 240 change-over circuits 250
Watch-dog 260 bus capacitance C
BPower source conversion signal V
PGI
Input voltage V
INBus voltage V
BUSThe control signal of boosting S
PFC
Pulse wave modulating signal S
PWMPower supply good signal V
PGOCross the under-voltage protection signal
S
BO
Power supply is adjusted voltage V
RECMicroprocessor 10a power supply unit 20a
Cross low-voltage detection circuit 220a power factor correction circuit 240a watch-dog 260a
Change-over circuit 250a power supply is adjusted voltage V
RECTOutput voltage V
OUT
Input voltage V
INBus voltage V
BUSThe power supply good signal
V
PGO
Power source conversion signal V
PGIBus capacitance C
BCross the under-voltage protection signal
S
BO
Hysteresis comparator 332 transistors 334 minimum detectable signal V
TH
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 4, Figure 4 shows that tool of the present invention crosses the circuit box schematic diagram of the power supply unit of under-voltage protection system, power supply unit 20a provides required voltage for a microprocessor 10a who couples, as an input voltage V
INCross when hanging down, power supply unit provides a time of delay, makes microprocessor 10a can finish handling procedure in advance.
Power supply unit 20a comprises: a power factor correction circuit 240a receives input voltage V
IN(as adjusting voltage V through the power supply behind the bridge rectifier
RECT), to input voltage V
INCarry out power factor correction and boost.Power factor correction circuit 240a comprises: power factor correction controller (not indicating) and power factor correction power circuit (not indicating).Wherein, the power factor correction power circuit is to input voltage V
INCarry out power factor correction and boost; The power factor correction controller is according to crossing under-voltage protection signal S
BOPower controlling factor correction power circuit is by boosting; One bus capacitance C
BBe connected the output of power factor correction circuit 240a, the input voltage V of received power factor correction circuit 240a output
IN, and at bus capacitance C
BTwo ends form a bus voltage V
BUS
One change-over circuit 250a is connected in bus capacitance C
B, according to bus voltage V
BUSOne output voltage V is provided
OUTTo microprocessor 10a, when output voltage is low, change-over circuit 250a control voltage V
OUTOutput is prior art because change-over circuit 250a carries out the protection of low output voltage, so is not described in detail in the present embodiment; One watch-dog 260a and microprocessor 10a couple, and detect and bus voltage V
BUSProportional voltage (power source conversion signal V as shown in Figure 4
PGI), watch-dog 260a exports a power supply good signal V
PGOTo microprocessor 10a, power supply good signal V
PGOMay command microprocessor 10a carries out pre-set programs immediately (as quickening to finish computing or storage data immediately ... Deng); One crosses low-voltage detection circuit 220a is connected in power factor correction circuit 240a, as input voltage V
INAfter being lower than default protection voltage,, crossing one of low-voltage detection circuit 220a generation and cross under-voltage protection signal S through a Preset Time
BOStopping power factor correction circuit 240a boosts.
Wherein, as input voltage V
INCross when hanging down, power factor correction circuit 240a stops to boost, bus voltage V
BUSAccording to bus capacitance C
BCapacitance decay gradually, up to bus voltage and input voltage V
INIdentical.Therefore according to bus voltage V
BUSCan confirm input voltage V
INWhether stable.
As power source conversion voltage V
PGIBe lower than the minimum detectable signal V that watch-dog 260a sets
THThe time, watch-dog 260a control power supply good signal V
PGO(as ending power supply good signal V
PGOOutput), make microprocessor 10a finish handling procedure in advance.Work as and bus voltage V in addition
BUSProportional voltage is (as output voltage V
OUT... etc.) be lower than the low output protection voltage V that sets among the change-over circuit 250a
OFFThe time, change-over circuit 250a promptly stops output voltage to microprocessor 10a.
Because low output protection voltage V
OFFSetting subcritical signal V
THSo, as bus voltage V
BUSCan be lower than the minimum detectable signal V that watch-dog 260a sets when decaying gradually earlier
TH, be lower than the output protection voltage V that change-over circuit 250a sets again
OFFTherefore end power supply good signal V by control
PGO(bus voltage V
BUSSubcritical signal V
THThe time) and output voltage V
OUT(bus voltage V
BUSBe lower than output protection voltage V
OFFThe time) control lag time accurately time difference, make microprocessor 10a before power supply unit is stopped power supply, finish handling procedure in advance, reduced the very big loss that low-voltage causes to the user.
Please refer to Fig. 5, be the preferable enforcement circuit diagram of watch-dog of the present invention's use.Watch-dog 260a is made up of comparator and transistor.For instance, watch-dog 260a can be made up of hysteresis comparator 332 and transistor 334.Wherein, the inverting input of hysteresis comparator 332 receives power source conversion signal V
PGI, normal phase input end connects minimum detectable signal V
TH, therefore as power source conversion signal V
PGILess than minimum detectable signal V
THThe time, transistor 334 conductings, power supply good signal V
PGOBe cut off (low level signal).
Because handling procedure required time of delay is finished in the influence of the execution speed of microprocessor 10a, by adjusting power source conversion signal V
PGIWith minimum detectable signal V
THRatio design the length of time of delay, can adjust required time of delay of microprocessor 10a.Power source conversion signal V
PGIBus voltage in proportion to, for instance, power source conversion signal V
PGICan pass through voltage divider (not indicating) acquisition direct proportion in bus voltage V
BUSA magnitude of voltage realize and the power source conversion signal V that utilizes this mode to capture
PGIBig I calculate by following formula (1):
V
PGI＝R
1/(R
1+R
2)×K×V
BUS......(1)
Wherein, R
1Be the resistance that is connected between earth terminal and watch-dog 260a; R
2Be to be connected resistance R
1With watch-dog 260a and with bus voltage V
BUSResistance between the proportional node; K is a proportionality coefficient.
Because power supply unit 20a may couple with a plurality of microprocessor 10a, and the execution speed of each microprocessor 10a may be different, therefore each microprocessor is also different required time of delay, in the utilization of reality, watch-dog 260a can be realized with transistor 334 by a plurality of hysteresis comparators 332, and the different time of delay of voltage divider setting of passing through different proportion, so that be sent to the power supply good signal V of each microprocessor 10a in different time control
PGO, satisfy different microprocessor 10a demands.
Cooperate Fig. 4, please refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the waveform schematic diagram of the present invention when crossing low input.As shown in Figure 6, will cross low-voltage detection circuit 220a and produce under-voltage protection signal S
BO(high levle signal) is sent to the power factor correction circuit 240a of connection, at this moment the working power V of power factor correction circuit 240a and change-over circuit 250a and watch-dog 260a
CCBe not cut off (high levle signal), but cross under-voltage protection signal S
BOPower controlling factor correction circuit 240a is by the inner control signal S that boosts
PFCBoost stopping, making bus capacitance C
BOn bus voltage V
BUSAlong with capacitance is decayed gradually.
When watch-dog 260a confirms and bus voltage V
BUSProportional power source conversion signal V
PGILess than default minimum detectable signal V
THThe time, watch-dog 2600a out-put supply good signal V
PGO(as switching to the low level signal) makes microprocessor 10a finish handling procedure immediately to microprocessor 10a.Work as and bus voltage V in addition
BUSProportional voltage is (as output voltage V
OUT) be lower than default low output protection voltage V
OFFThe time, output voltage V
OUTWill be according to the control signal S of change-over circuit 250a output
PWMContinue to adjust.
Can learn that by Fig. 6 microprocessor 10a is at power supply good signal V
PGOThe time T of ending
1To output voltage V
OUTBe lower than default output protection voltage V
OFFTime T
2, both time difference T
2-T
1Be T time of delay that can finish handling procedure for microprocessor 10a
DL
Cooperate Fig. 4, please refer to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 crosses the method for undervoltage protection schematic flow sheet for the present invention.This is crossed method of undervoltage protection and uses in having the power supply unit of circuit of power factor correction, and an input voltage that receives when power supply unit is crossed when low, and control is finished handling procedure with at least one microprocessor that power supply unit couples in advance.
Comprise: the input voltage V that at first judges power supply unit
INWhether less than the default protection voltage (S100) of power supply unit; Cross low-voltage detection circuit 220a acquisition input voltage V
IN, and confirm input voltage V
INWhether less than default protection voltage.As input voltage V
INDuring less than protection voltage,, cross the corresponding under-voltage protection signal S that produced of low-voltage detection circuit 220a through a Preset Time
BOStop power factor correction and boost, stop a bus capacitance C
BBoost charge (S102); Served as the S of under-voltage protection signal excessively that low-voltage detection circuit 220a produces
BOWhen being sent to power factor correction circuit 240a, power factor correction circuit 240a is by boosting bus capacitance C
BOn bus voltage V
BUSDecay gradually.Then, judge input voltage V
INWhether cross low (S104); Watch-dog 260a is by continuing judgement and bus voltage V
BUSProportional power source conversion signal V
PGIWhether less than default minimum detectable signal V
THTo confirm input voltage V
INWhether cross low.
Control power supply good signal (S105); When watch-dog 260a confirms power source conversion signal V
PGILess than minimum detectable signal V
TH, watch-dog 260a control power supply good signal V
PGOMake microprocessor finish handling procedure in advance.Wherein, as the minimum detectable signal V that sets
THHave when a plurality of, watch-dog 260a will end each power supply good signal V in regular turn
PGO, by corresponding each microprocessor that couples.
Behind step S102, also further include the following step: with bus voltage V
BUSBe converted to an output voltage V
OUT(S110), change-over circuit 250a continues acquisition bus voltage V
BUSAnd be converted into output voltage V
OUTJudge and bus voltage V
BUSProportional output voltage V
OUTWhether hang down output protection voltage V less than one
OFF(S112), change-over circuit 250a will continue to confirm and bus voltage V
BUSProportional voltage is (as output voltage V
OUT) whether less than low output protection voltage V
OFFCarried out under-voltage protection (S114), if change-over circuit 250a judges and bus voltage V
BUSProportional voltage is less than low output protection voltage V
OFF, the low output voltage protection is carried out in the then output of cut-ff voltage.The protection that above-mentioned change-over circuit 250a carries out low output voltage has been prior art, therefore is not described in detail.
In the abovementioned steps flow process, in the judgement of step S100, if input voltage V
INWhen being not less than protection voltage, crossing low-voltage detection circuit 220a and will judge again.In the judgement of step S104, when watch-dog 260a judges power source conversion signal V
PGIBe not less than default minimum detectable signal V
THThe time, controller 260a also repeats to judge.In addition among the step S112, if confirm and bus voltage V
BUSProportional voltage is not less than low output protection voltage V
OFFThe time, change-over circuit 250a will continue to carry out voltage transitions and judge.
Of the present invention had the power supply unit of under-voltage protection system and crossed method of undervoltage protection; when power supply unit was in the low input supply; by in time controlling the power supply good signal; make microprocessor at the output voltage of power supply unit by the preceding handling procedure of finishing in advance, prevented the phenomenon that information that low input produces is omitted or damaged and cause the user greatly to lose.
Above content only is a preferred embodiments of the present invention, only is used to implementation process of the present invention is described, is not in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.The modification of being done in not breaking away from spirit of the present invention and scope, and those skilled in the art variation and the modification that can expect easily all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. power supply unit with under-voltage protection system; be used for providing voltage, it is characterized in that, when input voltage is crossed when low to one or more microprocessor; the power supply unit control microprocessor is finished handling procedure in advance, and power supply unit comprises:
One power factor correction circuit receives input voltage, and input voltage is carried out power factor correction and boosts;
One bus capacitance is connected in the output of power factor correction circuit, forms a bus voltage according to the input voltage of power factor correction circuit output at the bus capacitance two ends;
One change-over circuit is connected in bus capacitance, provides an output voltage to microprocessor according to bus voltage;
One watch-dog is connected in microprocessor, detects and the proportional voltage of bus voltage, exports one or more power supply good signals to microprocessor; And
One crosses low-voltage detection circuit, is connected in power factor correction circuit, crosses when low when input voltage, stops to boost of power factor correction circuit;
Wherein, when input voltage is crossed when low; power factor correction circuit stops to boost; bus voltage is decayed gradually; when being lower than a minimum detectable signal of watch-dog setting with the proportional voltage of bus voltage; watch-dog is promptly controlled a power supply good signal makes microprocessor finish handling procedure and when being lower than a low output protection voltage of setting in the change-over circuit with the proportional voltage of bus voltage, change-over circuit stops output voltage to microprocessor in advance.
2. the power supply unit with under-voltage protection system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, watch-dog is connected to form by a comparator and a transistor.
3. the power supply unit with under-voltage protection system as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, comparator is a hysteresis comparator.
4. cross method of undervoltage protection for one kind, use in power supply unit, it is characterized in that, an input voltage that receives when power supply unit is crossed when low, controls one or more microprocessors and finishes handling procedure in advance, crosses method of undervoltage protection and comprises:
Judge that whether input voltage is less than a default protection voltage;
When input voltage is lower than default protection voltage, stop the power factor correction in the power supply unit and boost, stop boost charge to a bus capacitance;
The voltage of changing on this bus capacitance becomes an output voltage;
Judge that whether this output voltage is less than a low output protection voltage; And
By output voltage;
Judge whether input voltage is low excessively; And
Control a power supply good signal, make microprocessor finish handling procedure in advance.
5. the method for undervoltage protection of crossing as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, judges by a watch-dog of power supply unit whether input voltage is low excessively.
6. the method for undervoltage protection of crossing as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, controls the power supply good signal by watch-dog, makes microprocessor finish handling procedure in advance.
7. the method for undervoltage protection of crossing as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, crosses low-voltage detection circuit by one and judges that whether input voltage protect voltage less than default one and stop the power factor correction in the power supply unit and boost.
8. the method for undervoltage protection of crossing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, judges that by a change-over circuit of power supply unit whether output voltage is less than a low output protection voltage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100842778A CN100452632C (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Power supplier with over-low-voltage protecting system and over-low-voltage protection |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100842778A CN100452632C (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Power supplier with over-low-voltage protecting system and over-low-voltage protection |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1897435A CN1897435A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
| CN100452632C true CN100452632C (en) | 2009-01-14 |
Family
ID=37609844
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100842778A Expired - Fee Related CN100452632C (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2005-07-15 | Power supplier with over-low-voltage protecting system and over-low-voltage protection |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100452632C (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101764513B (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2012-09-05 | 国琏电子（上海）有限公司 | Power supply device with low standby power |
| CN102479984A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 新德科技股份有限公司 | Battery module capable of reducing waiting time for charging and method for increasing charging security |
| TWI625017B (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2018-05-21 | 群光電能科技股份有限公司 | protection circuit with Low power consumption |
| CN109687384B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-05-08 | 苏州路之遥科技股份有限公司 | High-power cutting protection and reset method based on reactive power calculation |
| CN109917894B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-11-10 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Server system, power supply balancing method thereof and power supply |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2053809U (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-02-28 | 江耀明 | Voltage and current type regulated power supply |
| CN1113615A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-12-20 | 罗姆股份有限公司 | Power supplying circuit |
| US6418002B1 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-07-09 | System General Corp. | Power supply supervisor having a line voltage detector |
-
2005
- 2005-07-15 CN CNB2005100842778A patent/CN100452632C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2053809U (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-02-28 | 江耀明 | Voltage and current type regulated power supply |
| CN1113615A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1995-12-20 | 罗姆股份有限公司 | Power supplying circuit |
| US6418002B1 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-07-09 | System General Corp. | Power supply supervisor having a line voltage detector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1897435A (en) | 2007-01-17 |
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Granted publication date: 20090114 Termination date: 20130715 |