CN100451413C - Low energy consumption large flow valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a valve with low energy consumption and a high flow rate, which is a valve utilizing the energy of fluid at a valve port to open and close the valve during the delivery of water bodies; thus, power needed for operating the valve is small. The valve can be controlled by hand as well as by an electromagnet. When the valve is controlled by electric power, one kilowatt-hour of electricity can open and close the valve for thousands of times. Accordingly, the present invention is particularly suitable for valves or pipeline gates with low pressure and a high flow rate and is also is suitable for valves which is directly operated or remotely controlled by people. The valve with low energy consumption and a high flow rate is especially suitable for irrigation in agriculture, water delivery of irrigation ditches in water conservancy, and tap water supply engineering.

Description

Low energy consumption large flow valve

Technical field:

In terms of water conservancy, farmland irrigation, and domestic water, there are a large number of water transportation tasks. In order to control and manage the transportation of water bodies, a large number of valves and gates are used in the water supply system. "Low energy consumption and large flow valve" is such a valve. Because it is especially suitable for large flow water body transportation, "low energy consumption and large flow valve" can also be applied in water conservancy gates and sluice gates or small dams for farmland irrigation. .

Background technique:

Traditional valves are opened and closed under the action of external force and energy. The most typical is the faucet we use every day, because the diameter of the water pipe of the household water source is small, and the force of water on the key parts of the valve is very small. Therefore, it uses the rotation of our hands to lift the bonnet or ball valve that shuts off the water, so that the water can flow, and the same reverse operation can cut off the water source. When the diameter of the water pipe is tens of centimeters or even hundreds of centimeters, it is actually impossible to open and close the valve with the strength of only one person. This is because the valve bears huge static pressure in the closed state, and the static pressure causes When it is necessary to close the valve with flowing water, due to the effect of hydrodynamic force and the frictional resistance caused by it, it is necessary to overcome such a huge static pressure and huge frictional resistance by one person alone. Frictional resistance is actually quite difficult. Therefore, in fact, people often use an electric motor to drive a worm gear transmission, and then a pair of nuts and screws can be used to open or close the valve. And when the water flow through the area is greater than one square meter, people often use gates to manage the water source.

Invention content:

The above facts are that no matter whether the valve is in the closed state or in the open state, there is a huge force near the valve, but before the present invention is proposed, this force is usually only the object that people try to overcome. The "low energy consumption large flow valve" is a kind of valve that uses this "huge power" to open or close the valve.

A low-energy-consumption large-flow valve is a valve that utilizes fluid energy at the valve port to open and close the valve. The reversing valve (hereinafter referred to as "control valve") where the pressurized fluid goes, and a main valve that uses the obtained pressurized fluid to open or close the main valve is opened and closed by an elastic bladder that can be filled with liquid and expands To undertake, or use one or more elastic bladders that can be filled with liquid to expand and deform to drive mechanical components, and the main valve is gently pressed by hand or the action of an electromagnet to switch the working condition of the control valve to implement opening and closing , this kind of low energy consumption and large flow valve can be used as angle valve, butterfly valve, globe valve, etc. on the pipeline in the conventional concept, and can also be used as a water-filled dam or water conservancy facility made of capsules in water conservancy irrigation canals. gate.

This valve is suitable for all water delivery pipelines with relatively clean water quality, such as tap water supply systems, water delivery systems in water conservancy, and water delivery systems in farmland irrigation. Due to its large flow characteristics, it can also be used as an alternative device in water conservancy gates.

Before the present invention, I have never seen the same working principle and used in the design of the same equipment, whether it is a valve or a gate.

The obvious fact is that this kind of object that people strive to overcome is transformed into energy for people to achieve their goals, thereby greatly saving the extra energy of opening and closing valves. Only from this point of view, it has the significance of energy saving. Use a practical example to illustrate this point. A 4 kg electromagnet has a rated maximum working current of 2.3 amps. It takes 2 seconds to start it once. The working voltage is calculated at 220 volts, and one kilowatt-hour of electricity can operate about 3500 times. , and the "low energy consumption large flow valve" does not require a force of 4 kg, let alone a working time of 2 seconds. Moreover, the "low energy consumption and large flow valve" is also very conducive to wired remote control without direct contact, which is of great help to the management of water resources, farmland water conservancy management, and large-scale water resource allocation.

The meaning of "low energy consumption and large flow valve" is relatively obvious, but is the fluid energy near the valve enough to open and close the valve? We know that the Bernoulli equation in fluid mechanics shows that there are three main forms of energy ubiquitous in fluids: thermal energy, pressure energy, and kinetic energy, and the mutual transformation between them is constantly changing with the change of the fluid environment. For example, when the valve is in the closed state, in the pipeline system equipped with the valve, there is potential energy and pressure energy in the water near the valve near the water source; There is potential energy, pressure energy and kinetic energy. The existence and utilization of this potential energy and pressure energy is relatively intuitive, but it is doubtful whether it is enough to overcome the momentum of the water flow, and the utilization of kinetic energy is even more doubtful. Here, we illustrate the working principle of "low energy consumption and large flow valve" through the analysis of a butterfly valve.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram to illustrate that the "low energy consumption large flow valve" obtains the pressure water source that can open and close the valve. What is shown in the figure is a valve whose internal structure has been temporarily removed. At this time, only two ends of the valve are left. Also a piece of pipe with a flange. There is a raised edge under the two ends of the nozzle in the figure, and they are exactly the section of the trumpet-shaped orifice, and pipes are connected to the back of the trumpet-shaped orifice. The arrow in the figure shows the direction of water flow through the valve. Therefore, the trumpet-shaped intake port on the left is arranged against the direction of water flow, while the trumpet-shaped intake port on the right is arranged along the direction of water flow. No matter which trumpet-shaped orifice is taken, the intercepting area of its mouth is more than 5 times of the intercepting area of its rear nozzle. For the trumpet-shaped intake on the left, after water enters the trumpet-shaped intake, due to the gradual decrease of the cross-sectional area, the flow velocity begins to increase, and the pressure energy of the water is also slightly increased. If this flow is once blocked (back pressure), the pressure energy will rise rapidly because the kinetic energy of the fluid becomes zero. This is what the Bernoulli equation shows. How high the final pressure can rise is related to the ratio of the trumpet-shaped orifice to the nozzle. The larger the ratio, the higher the pressure. In addition, this pressure is also related to the local pressure loss and loss along the entire pipeline after the trumpet-shaped orifice. The greater the loss, the lower the final pressure. In addition, the local loss is a function of the flow rate, and the flow rate in the pipe is very high. The loss per hour is also reduced, not to mention that the loss can also be reduced by improving the circulation conditions in the pipe. For the "low energy consumption and large flow valve", the pressure should be enough to open and close the valve, because the local loss of the entire water body caused by the trumpet-shaped flow intake is not conducive to water body transportation. As for the trumpet-shaped intake at the right end, since the cross-section water body (not referring to the water body in the trumpet-shaped intake) where the trumpet-shaped intake is located has the smallest flow area, the flow velocity of the water body is slightly increased, so the water body here The static pressure (pressure energy) of water is lower than the static pressure (pressure energy) of the water in the water body in the trumpet-shaped flow intake. Water sucks out the tendency. Therefore, the pressures in the rear pipes of the two trumpet-shaped orifices are obviously different: the pressure on the left from port E is much higher than the pressure from port F on the right.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the butterfly valve in the "low energy consumption large flow valve". In Fig. 2, the left side is a cross-sectional view of the valve body 1 and the driver 2 along the plane of the butterfly valve 8. The cover 5 of the driver, the control valve 6 installed on the cover, and the control button 7 on the control valve are not covered. Cut apart, we can also see the flange 4 connecting the driver and its cover, the butterfly valve 8, and the driver blade 9 in this figure. The picture on the right is the inner structure of the driver after removing the driver cover from the left view. The figure shows the valve body 1 and the flanges 3 at its two ends, and the "elastic capsules that can be filled with liquid to expand and deform" (hereinafter referred to as capsules) 11, 12 in the driver are fixed on the driver casing 2 without leakage. On the separating plate 10, the butterfly valve is connected with the driver blade 9 through a shaft. The picture on the right now shows that after the pressurized water flow obtained from the two trumpet-shaped outlets passes through the control valve, the high-pressure water enters the inside of the capsule 11 through the holes A and B on the capsule 11, while the low-pressure water ( More correctly speaking, it should be negative pressure water) then passes through holes C, B on the capsule 12 and flows in the downstream pipe behind the valve from the capsule 12 through the trumpet-shaped flow-taking port in the forward direction. Since the pressure in the capsule 11 is higher than the pressure in the capsule 12, and the cover 5 of the driver is fixed on the driver when it works, the blade 9 is subjected to the pressure to rotate counterclockwise until the "low energy consumption large flow valve" will The water source is shut off until the blade 9 is blocked by a stopper (not shown in the figure) in the valve body. This kind of driver is very similar to the double-acting swing cylinder in hydraulic and pneumatic. The difference is that the working area does not rely on precise sealing technology to separate the active area, but uses a capsule of "elastic bladder that can be filled with liquid and expands to deform". , which is mainly for the convenience of manufacture. If new material and new technology can be adopted, the sealing can be guaranteed and the working area can be reliably separated, the capsule can be completely omitted. For example, if this design is applied to the gate of water conservancy, it can be considered to do so.

The process of the above-mentioned blade shutting off the valve is carried out when there is water flowing in the valve body, so can the pressure water in the capsule 11 alone be enough to shut it off? From the left picture of Figure 2, we can see that there is a rotating shaft at the central axis of symmetry of the blade, and the rotating shaft is fixed on the valve body, so the blade can only rotate around the shaft without any other movement. When there is a full pipe flowing in the "low energy consumption large flow valve", the torque generated by the water flow on the butterfly valve 8 on the upper and lower sides with the shaft as the boundary is just opposite to the rotating shaft. The action of the upper half causes the closing of the butterfly valve; the action of the upper half causes the opening of the butterfly valve. These two forces are slightly different due to the gravity of the water, but they are basically close to balance. Therefore, the auxiliary force caused by the capsule With the help of external force, the closing of the valve is completely achievable. In order to be more reliable, we make the total stress area of the blade not less than half the area of the butterfly valve, because we must also take into account the resistance caused by mechanical efficiency.

For the "low energy consumption large flow valve" that is in the closed state, if we want to open it, we only need to press the button 7 on the control valve 6, and the pressure water source interface connected in the capsule 11, 12 will switch, at this time Capsule 12, which was originally in a shrinking state, began to expand; while capsule 11 began to shrink, the butterfly valve began to turn clockwise to open, and the water flow began to pass through the "low energy consumption and large flow valve", which made the trumpet-shaped flow inlet installed in the reverse direction more effective. The pressure energy converted from kinetic energy is further obtained, so the butterfly valve rotates faster. When the plane of the butterfly valve is parallel to the direction of water flow, the valve cannot rotate due to the blocking of the baffle block in the driver, so the "low energy consumption large flow valve" is in a fully open state.

What is the internal structure of the control valve? This is different for different "low energy consumption large flow valves". Even if it is the same "low energy consumption large flow valve", the design can be different, as long as it can switch the direction of water flow. The internal structure of the control valve in this example is shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of cutting the control valve horizontally along the button in Figure 2, which shows that the left and right holes of the control valve are connected through a component and communicate with the downstream trumpet-shaped flow port F in Figure 1 ; And there is a hole at the longitudinal right end of the control valve, which is only shown as a circle in Fig. 3, and is communicated with the counterflow trumpet-shaped flow-taking port E in Fig. 1. Figure 3 also shows that the control valve is longitudinally divided into three chambers, and there is a bistable lever mechanism in the middle chamber. Its function is to make the middle chamber communicate with the left chamber in Figure 3 after pressing the button. Closed the passage of middle chamber and right chamber and the passage of left chamber and F mouth simultaneously, also opened the passage that right chamber is connected with F interface, just like this as shown in Fig. 3 now. If we press another button afterwards, all the above situations will be switched: the middle chamber communicates with the right chamber in Figure 3, and simultaneously closes the connection between the middle chamber and the left chamber and the passage between the right chamber and the F port, and opens The channel that connects the left chamber with the F interface. We already know that the result of such switching is to cause the capsules 11, 12 in FIG. 2 to connect with the one of E and F in FIG. 1, that is, the valve changes from the closed state to the open state.

"Low energy consumption large flow valve" can also be used for angle valves, as shown in Figure 4 is such a structure. It is obvious that such a construction is very bulky, so whether it is economically appropriate needs to be further explored. Among Fig. 4, 1,2 on the valve body is the position that obtains pressure water source, and they communicate with the interface 1,2 of manual reversing valve.

The above are all examples of using one or more elastic capsules that can be filled with liquid to expand and deform to drive the valve driven by the mechanical component to undertake the opening and closing of the "low energy consumption and large flow valve". Another "low energy consumption and large flow valve" is made of The structure of the "low energy consumption and large flow valve" is opened and closed by the elastic bladder body that can be filled with liquid to expand and deform by itself blocking or opening the orifice. Shown in Fig. 5 is exactly such a kind of " low energy consumption large flow valve ", and it is more suitable for " low energy consumption large flow valve " of small diameter.

The structure and working principle of the "low energy consumption large flow valve" shown in Fig. 5 are as follows. There are two capsules inside the valve body, one is a sandwiched barrel-shaped annular capsule, called the peripheral capsule, and the other is a cylindrical capsule with a pointed end and a round end, called the central capsule, which is supported by radial settings at both ends. On the spokes, the water in the central capsule also enters or exits the capsule through the support spokes. The trumpet-shaped flow intake of this "low energy consumption large flow valve" should be located on the upper inner surface of the peripheral capsule. The right picture in Figure 5 is the situation when the flow is through, and the water in the capsule has been drained at this time. After we pushed the button of the control valve (not shown in the figure), the water obtained from the reverse trumpet-shaped outlet began to flow into the capsule, and the water first flowed into the lower half of the peripheral capsule. Gradually submerged to the upper part of the central capsule and the peripheral capsule, at this time the flow channel has become very thin, the flow velocity of the water flow is also increased, so the water pressure obtained from the trumpet-shaped outlet is also higher, until the water flow is completely submerged until the inflated capsule becomes clogged. The left figure in Figure 5 is the cross-sectional situation of this blockage. Because the capsule in this "low energy consumption large flow valve" is either water inflow or drainage, the structure of the directional control valve of this "low energy consumption large flow valve" is relatively simple. In order to prevent the capsule from being deformed too much under the action of water pressure when the flow is blocked and the capsule material being damaged due to uneven force, some pulling ribs can be set inside the capsule to balance the force of the capsule material uneven.

Utilize the pressure water obtained by the said water intake device of this patent to fill the water-filled dam made of capsules, which can block the canal flow or open the previously blocked water canal. Shown in Figure 6 is exactly the situation when the filling dam is blocked and the canal flow is opened. The left picture is the situation when the water conservancy irrigation canal is blocked by the water-filled dam; the upper right picture is the cross-sectional view of the dam section when the water-filled dam is blocked; the lower right picture is the section of the dam section when the pressure water in the water-filled dam is exhausted The picture shows that the water in the irrigation canal can be unblocked at this time. In order to make the water pressure of the water obtained from the trumpet-shaped water intake higher than the water pressure on the upstream side of the dam, and the water pressure of the water obtained from the trumpet-shaped water intake will inevitably suffer from pressure loss. The water intake of the water dam is preferably arranged at the position of the capsule near the dam crest, so that as long as the dam does not block the water flow, the water intake will continue to draw water until it is completely blocked.

The elastic capsule body that can be filled with liquid to expand and deform itself blocks or opens the orifice to open and close the control valve of the "low energy consumption large flow valve". In order to prevent the water in the capsule from flowing back outward, a check valve can be added if necessary. One-way valve, the local pressure loss of the one-way valve must be small enough.

Figure 7 is another "low energy consumption large flow valve", or it is called a super large angle valve, because it is more suitable for an angle valve designed to change the flow direction, for general considerations, Figure 7 is designed not to change the flow direction form of the structure. This is also a "low energy consumption large flow valve" that can be opened and closed by an elastic bladder that can be filled with liquid to expand and deform by itself blocking or opening the flow port. In Fig. 7, the middle part of the valve body 1 gradually becomes a rectangular cross-section, and an oblique flow fence 6 is arranged inside (as shown in A-A on the right side of Fig. 7), and a positive pressure shut-off port 2 and its drainage pipe are provided under the fence 3; Negative pressure shut-off port 5 and its drainage pipe 4, two pipelines 7 are sent to the bistable two-position three-way valve 8 along the bottom of the fence, and there is only one capsule 9 of this valve, which is opened when the valve is opened. Because there is a coiled steel wire fixed inside, it is curled and hung on the top. When the valve needs to be opened and closed, the positive pressure orifice starts to drain, so that the capsule 9 is gradually filled with water, and the weight of the water makes the capsule unfold gradually. The pressure difference between the upper and lower sides of the barrier shuts off the water flow (as shown in the lower left of Figure 7). In order to reduce the local loss of the valve, the flow area of the fence should be larger than the nominal flow area corresponding to the valve. In the A-A view, the area included in the dotted circle 10 is equal to the flow area of the fence, and the nominal flow area of the valve The flow-through area of path is then equated with the garden 11 that double-dashed line draws.

To sum up, it can be seen that "low energy consumption and large flow valve" is a valve that uses the fluid energy in the pipe flow to close or open. The switch of this valve requires very little force, so it is very suitable for remote control. . "Low energy consumption large flow valve" is very suitable for agricultural irrigation and water conservancy and tap water engineering applications.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of low energy consumption and large flow valve, be to utilize valve port place fluid energy to carry out the valve of valve opening and closing, it is characterized in that: in the assembly that constitutes low energy consumption and large flow valve, two tubaeform head pieces of getting are arranged, the change-over valve of the pressure flow body whereabouts that management obtains, and the pressure flow body obtained of utilization main body valve of opening or closing, the keying of main body valve is directly finished by the resilient bladder body of energy topping up dilatancy, or with one or more can topping up the resilient bladder body driving device member of dilatancies finish, described change-over valve is controlled with the moving control of have gentle hands flicking or with electromagnet, the aforementioned body valve is angle valve or the butterfly valve of using on the pipeline, and perhaps resilient bladder itself is as the gate that is produced in water-filling dam in the water conservancy feed ditch or the water conservancy projects in the waterwork.

2, low energy consumption and large flow valve according to claim 1, described fluid energy is three kinds of form of energy that refer in the fluid: kinetic energy, pressure energy and potential energy, when flowing, be converted into pressure energy by part kinetic energy in the fluid of main body valve by the tubaeform head piece of getting reverse and that forward be provided with, when tubaeform get head piece dehisce obtain positive pressure during reverse current, and when dehiscing forward current, can obtain negative pressure, positive/negative pressure can both be utilized to open and close the main body valve, tubaeformly be provided with the garbage barrier net grid before getting head piece, block loudspeaker opening and back pipeline thereof to prevent dirt.

3, low energy consumption and large flow valve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the change-over valve of the pressure flow body whereabouts that a described management obtains, be moving control or changing the control valve that inputs or outputs the fluid whereabouts with its working condition of magnet control with the have gentle hands flicking in the low energy consumption and large flow valve assembly, the input/output port of control valve connects the tubaeform resilient bladder body of getting head piece and energy topping up dilatancy respectively.

4, low energy consumption and large flow valve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the keying of main body valve by can topping up the resilient bladder body of dilatancy directly finish, or finish refer in order to blocking-up or open resilient bladder body itself that water body flows in the main body valve workpiece is an energy topping up dilatancy or workpiece and provide power by the resilient bladder body of energy topping up dilatancy with one or more resilient bladder body driving device members that can the topping up dilatancies.

5, low energy consumption and large flow valve according to claim 4 is characterized in that: for preventing that water in the capsule to exteenal reflux, having additional the one-way valve of non-return water in the low energy consumption and large flow valve assembly.

6, low energy consumption and large flow valve according to claim 1, it is characterized in that finishing with the resilient bladder body driving device member of one or more energy topping up dilatancies, referring in order to blocking-up or opening the workpiece that the main body water body flows in the valve is not the resilient bladder body of energy topping up dilatancy itself, the resilient bladder body is the driving device member, is driven blocking-up or is opened the workpiece that the main body water body flows in the main body valve by mechanical part again.