CN100450572C - Concentration method of graduate freezing interface - Google Patents
Concentration method of graduate freezing interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN100450572C CN100450572C CNB2006100442290A CN200610044229A CN100450572C CN 100450572 C CN100450572 C CN 100450572C CN B2006100442290 A CNB2006100442290 A CN B2006100442290A CN 200610044229 A CN200610044229 A CN 200610044229A CN 100450572 C CN100450572 C CN 100450572C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an interface progressive freezing concentration method which utilizes an enclosed type heat pump circulation technology to realize high efficiency and energy saving, which comprises seven working steps of aqueous solution feeding, high-concentration transportation and exhaust, melt water transportation and exhaust, ice layer washing, heat pump circulation, subsidiary refrigeration and central control, and seven subsystems formed by the seven steps are mutually communicated with two icing water tanks to form a system device capable of realizing the progressive freezing concentration of an aqueous solution interface. The reciprocating circulation is carried out according to the set procedure to realize the freezing concentration of aqueous solution; an evaporator and a condenser of an enclosed type heat pump circulating system are organically combined with the interface progressive freezing concentration device, the interchange of the evaporator and the condenser can be realized by a four-way valve, and the purposes that ice layers are removed from and cold is recovered from a heat exchanger can be realized. The present invention which has the advantages of simple and reliable technological process, simple structure of used devices, good energy-saving effect, low operation cost and easy realization of commercialized production. The present invention can be widely applied to the concentration processes of various aqueous solutions and is particularly suitable for the concentration processes of aqueous solutions with heat sensitivity or containing volatile content.
Description
Technical field:
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of freezing and concentrating method, especially a kind of low-cost, energy-efficient concentration method of graduate freezing interface of closed heat pump cycle technology realization of using, this method is specially adapted to thermal sensitivity or contains the concentration process of the aqueous solution of volatile ingredient, as concentration process of middle liquid medicine and Juice etc.
Technical background:
Concentration process is one of important processing technology of the aqueous solution such as middle liquid medicine and Juice, only finishes concentration process, and middle liquid medicine and Juice could form product or enter next process.In the aqueous solution such as liquid medicine and Juice belong to heat-sensitive substance, and inside often contains volatile composition, do not allow to adopt high-temperature process.The advanced method that adopts at present is the vacuum evaporation concentration method, although this method is compared with common evaporation concentration method, reduced the temperature of concentration process, but one side practical operation temperature still higher (60 ℃ to 90 ℃), make part thermal sensitivity composition because of the sex change of being heated, on the other hand, the effumability composition is extracted out by vavuum pump in decompression operation, has caused the composition loss.For addressing this problem, people have carried out years of researches to methods such as supercritical extract, membrane separation technique and freeze concentration, strive thoroughly addressing this problem.Up to now, the supercritical extraction method cost is very high, is difficult to popularize in an all-round way use; When membrane separating method is used to be rich in the material of compositions such as carbohydrate, protein, pectin, have that striking point is low, the cycle of operation is short, high and low minute subconstiuent of running cost is difficult to problems such as separation.
Freeze concentration is considered to have the important method of extensive future.Freeze concentration is divided two kinds of suspended crystallization method (also claiming the dispersed crystalline method) and progressive freeze methods (also claiming the laminated crystalline method) again.The feature of suspended crystallization method is the countless little ice crystals that freely are suspended in the mother liquor, grows up in the cryogenic tank that band stirs and constantly eliminating, and mother liquid concentration increase and realization are concentrated.Because the brilliant generation of the kind of this method, crystalline growth, three main processes of Separation of Solid and Liquid are finished in three different devices respectively, for effectively reclaiming the concentrate of small suspension crystallization surface attachment, need control effectively to the gas phase state of cleaning tower top, parting surface etc., also to control effectively to crystallizing tank supercooling degree again, to avoid the generation of secondary nucleus, sometimes also need reduce crystalline growth speed,, be beneficial to Separation of Solid and Liquid in the hope of obtaining big ice crystal.In addition, a large amount of cleaning fluids reclaim and concentrate, and have increased energy consumption.These reasons make system's relative complex, cause the investment of device big, cost is high, limited its practical ranges.
Interface progressive freeze method is a kind of freezing method that forms and grow into whole ice crystal along cooling surface.Along with generation and the growth of ice sheet on cooling surface, at solid-liquid phase interface, solute is rejected to liquid side from the solid phase side.Cellulose when interface progressive freeze method can avoid suspension crystallization to concentrate in the aqueous solution etc. forms heterogeneity nuclear as catalyst, compositions such as cellulose are enclosed in the ice crystal and cause damage, in addition, this method is to form ice crystal to solution inside gradually from solid wall surface, and cold is to pass to solution by ice sheet from wall, so (control rationally for the degree of supercooling minimum of solution, degree of supercooling in addition be zero), like this, avoid various active ingredients to enter ice crystal to greatest extent, guaranteed the quality of concentrated product.But because the solid liquid interface of interface progressive freeze method is little, the cold transmittance process in back that freezes is slow, and concentrated speed is restricted, and is difficult to large-scale application; In addition, from solid wall surface get on except that ice sheet also be technical barrier.Up to now, interface progressive freeze concentration method commercial applications not yet.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to by utilizing energy-efficient heat pump techniques, propose a kind ofly can resolve the variety of issue that exists in the progressive freeze method of interface, realize low cost, low energy consumption, the interface progressive freeze concentration new method of hanging down operating cost.This method is simplified the structure of aqueous solution freeze concentration device as far as possible, reduces the cost of aqueous solution freeze concentration device, simultaneously, uses high-efficiency energy-saving technology, reduces the energy consumption and the operating cost of freeze concentration process as far as possible.
To achieve these goals, the present invention proposes and a kind of the heat pump energy-conserving technology is applied to the new method of aqueous solution interface progressive freeze concentration systems, evaporimeter, condenser and the interface progressive freeze concentration systems of closed circulating heat pump system combined; And the cross valve by closed heat pump circulating system, realize the exchange function of evaporimeter and condenser, both removed the solid wall surface ice sheet, also recovery has utilized the cold of emitting in the ice sheet melting process, has reduced the energy consumption of freeze concentration process significantly.
Interface of the present invention progressive freeze concentration systems is provided with two icing water tanks, total system comprises feed water solution, concentrated solution conveying and discharging, thawing water conveying and discharging, ice sheet washing, heat pump cycle, auxiliary cooling and seven job steps of central authorities' control and forms seven subsystems respectively that being interconnected with two icing water tanks constitutes the system and device of realizing that the aqueous solution interface progressive freeze concentrates; Its overall technological scheme is: two icing water tanks are arranged up and down, constitute high-order water tank and the icing water tank of low level of freezing, the evaporimeter of closed heat pump circulating system and condenser are placed on respectively in two icing water tanks, the evaporimeter of auxiliary cooling subsystem is a heat exchanger with high-order heat exchanger organic assembling of freezing water tank, forms aqueous solution concentration systems according to the operation operation reciprocation cycle of setting.Freeze water tank and low level of a high position wherein freezes and is separately installed with the needed with ribbing heat exchanger of freezing process in the water tank, and this rib structure will freeze enlarged areas tens times, solved the interface progressive freeze and concentrated and be difficult to realize business-like key issue; Feed water solution realizes cold recovery by the cold recovery exchanger in concentrated solution case and the thawing water tank successively, and the temperature of water supply solution is reduced; Heat pump cycle in the evaporimeter of auxiliary cooling subsystem and the high-order water tank that freezes is with the shared identical heat exchange fin of heat exchanger, and its condenser is air-cooled or water-cooled; Install corresponding water pump or water-soluble liquid pump in the position of the partial discharge water or the aqueous solution additional, all horizontally disposedly form horizontal arrangement form, and the vertical layout of part, the horizontal layout of part can constitute the mixed-arrangement form.
When system starts, the aqueous solution that will concentrate earlier adds the high-order water tank that freezes, open the auxiliary cooling subsystem, evaporimeter by this system concentrates this aqueous solution with the aqueous solvent formation ice sheet in the aqueous solution in the icing water tank of a high position, after treating that ice sheet reaches certain thickness, close the auxiliary cooling subsystem, open the concentrated solution drain valve of the icing water tank of a high position, allow the concentrated solution of freezing flow into the icing water tank of low level automatically from the icing water tank of a high position by the gravity effect; After treating that concentrated solution has flowed, start ice sheet washing subsystem, with low amounts of water concentrated solution flushing a period of time with the ice sheet surface, treat that flushing liquor all flows out the high-order water tank that freezes, is discharged into low level and freezes behind the water tank, close the concentrated solution drain valve of the high-order water tank that freezes, start the heat pump cycle subsystem, this system will absorb heat from the concentrated solution that flow into the icing water tank of low level, make its aqueous solvent form ice sheet and further concentrated this solution, simultaneously the heat that obtains is delivered in the heat exchanger of the high-order water tank that freezes, the ice sheet of the high-order water tank that freezes is melted, form thawing water; After the ice sheet of the icing water tank of a high position all melts, close the heat pump cycle subsystem, open the thawing water valve of the high-order water tank that freezes, the concentrated solution drain valve of the icing water tank of low level simultaneously, thawing water flows into and melts water tank, and concentrated solution is discharged to the concentrated solution case; After treating to freeze low level the concentrated solution of water tank having flowed, start ice sheet washing subsystem, with low amounts of water the concentrated solution on ice sheet surface is rinsed well, treat that flushing liquor all flows out the icing water tank of low level, is discharged into the concentrated solution case (if the solution of concentrated solution case is final products, this flushing liquor should be discharged in the solution container to be concentrated) after, close the thawing water valve of the high-order water tank that freezes and the concentrated solution drain valve of the icing water tank of low level; Then, open the feed water solution pump, feed water solution is through the concentrated solution case and melt the cold that water tank absorbs concentrated solution and thawing water, realize entering the high-order water tank that freezes after the precooling, after meeting the requirements of liquid level, close the feed water solution pump, allow the cross valve of heat pump cycle subsystem change direction, start the heat pump cycle subsystem once more, the heat exchanger in the high-order water tank that freezes changes the evaporimeter of heat pump into, from the aqueous solution of the icing water tank of a high position, absorb heat, form ice sheet and concentrate this aqueous solution, simultaneously, the heat exchanger in the icing water tank of low level is as the condenser of heat pump, with the ice sheet of the icing water tank of heat transferred low level, it is melted produce thawing water; After the ice sheet of the icing water tank of low level all melts, close the heat pump cycle subsystem, open the thawing water drain valve of the icing water tank of low level, allow thawing water melt water tank from the icing water tank inflow of low level; After the whole outflows of the thawing water of the icing water tank of low level, close the thawing water drain valve, open the concentrated solution drain valve of elevated tank, allow the concentrated solution of freezing flow into the icing water tank of low level automatically from the icing water tank of a high position by the gravity effect; After treating that concentrated solution has flowed, start ice sheet washing subsystem, with low amounts of water concentrated solution flushing a period of time with the icing water tank ice sheet surface of a high position, after treating that flushing liquor all flows out elevated tank, close the concentrated solution drain valve of elevated tank, allow the cross valve of heat pump cycle subsystem change direction, start the heat pump cycle subsystem, this system will absorb heat from the concentrated solution of the icing water tank of low level, form ice sheet and the further concentrated aqueous solution wherein, simultaneously the heat that obtains is delivered to the heat exchanger of the high-order water tank that freezes, the ice sheet of the high-order water tank that freezes is melted, form thawing water; So move in circles, constantly produce concentrate.If the solution concentration in the concentrated solution case does not also meet the demands, can send into once more in the high-order water tank that freezes, further concentrate once more.
Be separately installed with the needed with ribbing heat exchanger of freezing process in two icing water tanks among the present invention, the fin of heat exchanger has enlarged effective heat exchange area (area freezes) significantly, solved and to enlarge heat-transfer surface in the former concentration method of graduate freezing interface and can't remove heat fast, formed the difficult problem of ice sheet as early as possible.
Feed water solution in the inventive method system by the cold recovery exchanger in concentrated solution case and the thawing water tank, has realized cold recovery efficiently successively, makes the temperature of supplying with the aqueous solution low as far as possible, to greatest extent conserve energy.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages: the one, compare with vacuum is concentrated, realized the more concentration process of low temperature, avoided part thermal sensitivity composition heated denaturalization, the effumability composition is extracted out by vavuum pump in decompression operation, causes problems such as composition loss; The 2nd, compare with vacuum is concentrated, reduced the operation energy consumption of equipment significantly, reduced operating cost; The 3rd, compare with vacuum is concentrated, need not the vacuum tank and the pumped vacuum systems of particular design, processing, reduced the initial cost of equipment, simplified the process of equipment; The 4th, to compare with the suspension crystallization freeze concentration, system architecture is simple, easily realizes control automatically, has the low advantage of initial cost; The 5th, to compare with the suspension crystallization freeze concentration, heat pump circulating system has all been recycled the cold of ice sheet, has reduced the energy consumption of freeze concentration process significantly, has the low advantage of operating cost; The 6th, compare with existing interface progressive freeze concentration systems, rib structure by heat exchanger, the face that will freeze enlarges, having solved the interface progressive freeze concentrates and to be difficult to realize business-like key issue, simultaneously, the progressive freeze process, the degree of supercooling minimum of the assurance aqueous solution has been avoided loss of active ingredients to greatest extent; The 7th, compare with existing interface progressive freeze concentration systems, cross valve by heat pump circulating system, make the heat exchanger in two icing water tanks finish the organic assembling of freezing with melting process, the temperature difference of this heat pump cycle is very little, cycle efficieny is very high, has reduced the energy consumption of freeze concentration process significantly; The 8th, the auxiliary cooling subsystem can guarantee that the whole freezing concentration systems starts operation smoothly, also can be behind the circulation certain hour, and the short time starts this auxiliary cooling system, and in time the cold of replenish lost guarantees that concentrated solution output is constant.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is for using the 1st kind of workflow diagram that the present invention realizes interface progressive freeze concentration process.
Fig. 2 is for using the 2nd kind of workflow diagram that the present invention realizes interface progressive freeze concentration process.
Fig. 3 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the high-order water tank that freezes.
Fig. 4 is the structural principle schematic diagram of the icing water tank of low level.
The specific embodiment:
The heat pump circulating system that relates in the invention process, high-order water tank and the indispensable part of the icing water tank of low level of freezing for realizing that the interface progressive freeze concentrates.The critical piece of whole system comprises: the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, the high-order water tank wash spray device 2 that freezes, the high-order water tank aqueous solution import 3 of freezing, auxiliary cooling system throttle expansion valve 4, auxiliary cooling system device for drying and filtering 5, auxiliary cooling system condenser 6; The high-order water tank washing control valve 7 that freezes, heat pump circulating system compressor 8, heat pump circulating system cross valve 9, heat pump circulating system device for drying and filtering 10, the high-order water tank heat exchanger 11 that freezes, heat pump circulating system throttle expansion valve 12, the low level water tank aqueous solution import 13 of freezing, the high-order water tank concentrated solution drain valve 14 that freezes, the high-order water tank thawing water drain valve 15 that freezes, auxiliary cooling system compressor 16, the icing water tank washing of low level control valve 17, heat pump circulating system device for drying and filtering 18, the low level water tank wash spray device 19 that freezes, the low level water tank heat exchanger 20 that freezes, the low level water tank 21 that freezes, the aqueous solution enters pipe 22, aqueous solution supply pump 23, concentrated solution case 24, heat exchanger 25 in the concentrated solution case, the low level water tank concentrated solution drain valve 26 that freezes, the low level water tank thawing water drain valve 27 that freezes, melt water tank heat exchanger 28, melt water tank 29, concentrated solution floss hole 30, thawing water floss hole 31, slurry pump 32, the high-order water tank aqueous solution entrance sleeve 33 that freezes, elevated tank top board (band insulation) 34, elevated tank injector 35, heat pump circulating system pipe joint 36,37, the high-order water tank heat exchanger tube fin 38 that freezes, the high-order water tank side plate (heat-insulation layer is arranged) 39 that freezes, the high-order water tank heat exchanger working medium tube 40 of freezing, heat exchanger support member 41, high-order freeze water box plate (heat-insulation layer is arranged) 42, the high-order water tank concentrated solution outlet 43 that freezes, discharging tube is installed downward-sloping direction 44, and elevated tank dissolves water outlet 45, and base plate is installed downward-sloping direction 46, the auxiliary cooling system heat exchanger takes over 47,48, washings take over 49, the low level water tank aqueous solution import 50 of freezing, the low level water tank top cover (heat-insulation layer is arranged) 51 that freezes, the low level water tank wash spray pipe 52 that freezes, the heat pump circulating system heat exchanger takes over 53,54, the low level water tank side plate (heat-insulation layer is arranged) 55 that freezes, the low level water tank heat exchanger tube fin 56 that freezes, the low level water tank heat exchanger working medium tube 57 of freezing, heat exchanger support member 58, lower water box base plate (heat-insulation layer is arranged) 59, lower water box concentrated solution outlet 60, discharging tube is installed downward-sloping direction 61, lower water box dissolves water outlet 62, and base plate is installed downward-sloping direction 63, and the icing water tank washings of low level take over 64.
The operation principle and the effect of seven subsystems that the present invention relates to are respectively:
The feed water solution subsystem: the aqueous solution through preliminary treatment is sent into system by aqueous solution supply pump 23, at first through 25 coolings of the heat exchanger in the concentrated solution case 24, further cool off through the heat exchanger 28 that melts in the water tank 29 again, enter at last in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes; Its effect is that feed water solution is sent into the high-order water tank that freezes, and reclaims the cold of concentrated solution and thawing water simultaneously.
Concentrated solution conveying and discharging subsystem: the concentrated solution in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes is discharged in the icing water tank 21 of low level by concentrated solution dump valve 14, realizes further concentrating by freezing process; The concentrated solution of freezing yet in the icing water tank 21 of low level is discharged in the concentrated solution case 24 by concentrated solution dump valve 26; Its effect is that the concentrated solution of two icing water tanks is discharged smoothly.
Thawing water conveying and discharging subsystem: the high-order thawing water that freezes water tank 1 and the icing water tank 21 of low level all passes through thawing water dump valve 15 or 27 separately, flows in the thawing water water tank 29; Its effect is that the thawing water of two icing water tanks is delivered to the thawing water water tank smoothly.
Ice sheet washing subsystem: the thawing water in the thawing water water tank 29 is after washing water pump boosts, send into respectively in high-order freeze water tank 1 or the icing water tank 21 of low level by washing subsystem controls valve 7 or 17, low amounts of water is sprayed onto the ice sheet surface equably by spray thrower 2 or 19; Its effect is to reclaim the concentrated solution on ice sheet surface, reduces loss of active ingredients.
Heat pump cycle subsystem:, two kinds of different endless form are arranged by changing the direction of cross valve 9.In a high position is frozen water tank 1 is the aqueous solution, when being ice sheet in the icing water tank 21 of low level, move by mode shown in Figure 2, heat exchanger 11 in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes is an evaporimeter, the heat exchanger 20 of the icing water tank 21 of low level is a condenser, after compressor 8 starts, heat pump fluid in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes in the heat exchanger 11 absorbs heat from a high position is frozen water tank, heat pump fluid changed gaseous state into by liquid state when aqueous solvent was frozen, enter from the suction side of compressor 8, after compressed machine 8 improves pressure, be sent in the condensing heat exchanger 20 of the icing water tank 21 of low level, in freezing water tank 21, low level emits heat, heat pump fluid changed liquid state into by gaseous state when ice sheet was melted, under the high pressure effect, and liquid refrigerant flow through device for drying and filtering 18 and throttle expansion valve 12, enter once more in the heat exchanger 11 of the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, form a kind of heat pump cycle process; In low level freezes water tank 21 is the aqueous solution, when being ice sheet in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, move by mode shown in Figure 1, heat exchangers 20 in the icing water tank 21 of low level are evaporimeter, heat exchanger 11 in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes is a condenser, after compressor 8 starts, heat pump fluid in the heat exchanger 20 in the icing water tank 21 of low level absorbs heat from the aqueous solution of the icing water tank of low level, heat pump fluid changed gaseous state into by liquid state when aqueous solvent in the aqueous solution was frozen, enter from the suction side of compressor 8, after compressed machine 8 improves pressure, be sent in the heat exchanger 11 of the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, in freezing water tank 1, a high position emits heat, heat pump fluid changed liquid state into by gaseous state when ice sheet was melted, under the high pressure effect, and liquid refrigerant flow through device for drying and filtering 10 and throttle expansion valve 12, enter once more in the heat exchanger 20 in the icing water tank 21 of low level, form another heat pump cycle process.The effect of this subsystem is: realize that by the evaporimeter of heat pump the icing aqueous solution that makes of aqueous solvent in the aqueous solution concentrates, utilize its condenser to realize the thawing-formation thawing water of ice sheet simultaneously, utilize the commutation effect of cross valve again, high-order freeze concentration process of freezing water tank and the icing water tank of low level is combined, realize energy-efficient freeze concentration process.
The auxiliary cooling subsystem: the high-order heat exchanger 11 that freezes water tank 1 is the evaporimeter of this refrigeration subsystem, when in a high position is frozen water tank 1, freezing concentration process, can start the auxiliary cooling subsystem, liquid refrigeration working medium in the heat exchanger 11 in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes is absorbed heat from the aqueous solution, refrigeration working medium changed gas into by liquid state when aqueous solvent in the aqueous solution was frozen, enter from the suction side of compressor 16, after compressed machine 16 improves pressure, be sent in the condensing heat exchanger 6 of auxiliary cooling subsystem, change liquid state into by gaseous state after emitting heat, under the high pressure effect, liquid refrigerant flow through device for drying and filtering 5 and throttle expansion valve 4, enter once more in the heat exchanger 11 in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, form the kind of refrigeration cycle process.The effect of this subsystem is: when starting in system, use this system to form ice sheet for the first time in a high position is frozen water tank, finish concentration process for the first time, the aqueous solution freeze concentration process of heat pump cycle subsystem is begun; In addition, behind heat pump cycle subsystem work certain hour, also need to make the work of auxiliary cooling subsystem short time,, make aqueous solution freeze concentration amount basicly stable with the cold of replenish lost.
Central authorities' RACS: comprise the startup and shutdown control of auxiliary cooling subsystem, the direction control of the cross valve 9 of heat pump cycle subsystem and system start and shutdown control, the water pump 32 of ice sheet washing subsystem and the open and close control of valve 7,17, thawing water is carried the valve control with the discharging subsystem, concentrated solution is carried the valve control with the discharging subsystem, parts such as the feed liquor amount control of feed water solution subsystem.The effect of this subsystem is: make each subsystem or step organic assembling in chronological order, control the evaporating temperature of heat pump circulating system and auxiliary cooling system simultaneously, guarantee that desalting process carries out smoothly.
Embodiment 1: a kind of apparatus of realizing the inventive method, its critical piece comprise the heat pump cycle subsystem that is made of heat exchanger 20, device for drying and filtering 10,18, throttle expansion valve 12 and connecting pipes etc. in the icing water tank 21 of heat exchanger 11, cross valve 9, compressor 8, low level in the icing water tank 1 of a high position; By the high position auxiliary cooling subsystem that heat exchanger 11 in the water tank 1, compressor 16, condenser 6, device for drying and filtering 5, throttle expansion valve 4 etc. constitute that freezes; The feed water solution subsystem that constitutes by feed water solution pump 23, feed water solution cooler 25,28 and relevant connection pipeline; Carry and the discharging subsystem by the concentrated solution that concentrated solution dump valve 14,26, concentrated solution water tank 24 and the relevant connection pipeline of the icing water tank in high and low position constitutes; By the thawing water dump valve 15,27 of the icing water tank in high and low position, melt the thawing water that water tank 29 and relevant connection pipeline constitute and carry and the discharging subsystem; The ice sheet that is made of water pump 32, control valve 7,17, spray thrower 2,19 and relevant connection pipeline washs subsystem; In addition, central RACS gets up above-mentioned six subsystem organic connections, realizes the freeze concentration process.
The startup and the running of this system and device are as follows:
Earlier energy-efficient interface progressive freeze enrichment facility is installed; By aqueous solution supply pump 23, the aqueous solution that desire is concentrated adds in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes; Start the auxiliary cooling subsystem, make the aqueous solvent in the aqueous solution in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes on its heat-transfer surface, form ice sheet, after treating that ice sheet reaches certain thickness, close the auxiliary cooling subsystem, open the concentrated solution drain valve 14 of the icing water tank 1 of a high position, allow concentrated solution lean on the gravity effect to flow into the icing water tank 21 of low level automatically from the icing water tank 1 of a high position; After treating that concentrated solution has flowed, open the control valve 7 and the water pump 32 of ice sheet washing subsystem,, the concentrated solution on ice sheet surface is rinsed well, behind the flushing certain hour, close ice sheet washing subsystem with low amounts of water by spray thrower 2; After treating that flushing liquor all flows out elevated tank 1, close the concentrated solution drain valve 14 on the connecting leg, start the heat pump cycle subsystem, this system moves by mode shown in Figure 1, absorb heat the aqueous solution of heat pump fluid in the icing water tank 21 of low level, make aqueous solvent wherein form ice sheet, simultaneously the heat that obtains is delivered to the heat exchanger 11 in the high-order icing water tank 1, ice sheet in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes is melted, form thawing water; After all ice sheets all melt, close the heat pump cycle subsystem, open the high-order thawing water valve 15 of water tank, the concentrated solution drain valve 26 of lower water box of freezing simultaneously, thawing water enters in the thawing water water tank 29, and concentrated solution enters in the concentrated solution case 24; After treating to freeze low level the concentrated solution of water tank flow, open the control valve 17 and the water pump 32 of ice sheet washing subsystem,, the concentrated solution on ice sheet surface rinsed well with low amounts of water by spray thrower 19, wash certain hour after, close ice sheet and wash subsystem; (solution as if the concentrated solution case is final products to treat flushing to tuck in the icing water tank 21 of whole outflow low levels, this flushing liquor should be discharged in the solution container to be concentrated), after the thawing water discharging in the high-order water tank that freezes finishes, thawing water valve 15, the low level of closing the high-order water tank 1 that the freezes concentrated solution drain valve 26 of water tank 21 that freezes; Then, open feed water solution pump 23, the cooling heat exchanger 25 of feed water solution in concentrated solution case 24 and the cooling heat exchanger 28 that melts in the water tank 29, the cold of absorption concentrated solution and thawing water is realized entering in the high-order icing water tank 1 after the precooling; Then, allow the cross valve 9 of heat pump cycle subsystem change direction, start the heat pump cycle subsystem once more, this system moves by mode shown in Figure 2, heat exchanger 11 in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes changes the evaporimeter of this heat pump into, absorb heat the aqueous solution in the icing water tank 1 of a high position, make its aqueous solvent form ice sheet, simultaneously, heat exchanger 20 in the icing water tank 21 of low level is as the condenser of heat pump, with the ice sheet in the icing water tank 21 of heat transferred low level, it is melted produce thawing water; After the ice sheet of the icing water tank 21 of low level all melts, close the heat pump cycle subsystem, open the thawing water drain valve 27 of the icing water tank 21 of low level, allow thawing water enter the thawing water water tank 29 from the icing water tank 21 of low level, after treating whole outflow of thawing water of the icing water tank 21 of low level, close thawing water drain valve 27, open the aqueous solution drain valve 14 of the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, allow the concentrated solution in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes flow into low level automatically and freeze the water tank 21 from the high position water tank 1 that freezes by the gravity effect; After treating that concentrated solution has flowed, open the control valve 7 and the water pump 32 of ice sheet washing subsystem,, the concentrated solution on ice sheet surface is rinsed well, behind the flushing certain hour, close ice sheet washing subsystem with low amounts of water by spray thrower 2; After treating that flushing liquor all flows out the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, close the concentrated solution drain valve 14 on the connecting leg, with 9 commutations of heat pump cycle subsystem cross valve, open compressor 8, this system moves by mode shown in Figure 1, absorbs heat from the concentrated solution that flow into the icing water tank 21 of low level, make its aqueous solvent form ice sheet and further concentrated, simultaneously the heat that obtains is delivered to the heat exchanger 11 of the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, the ice sheet in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes is melted, form thawing water; So move in circles, constantly produce concentrated solution.If the solution concentration in the concentrated solution case 24 does not also meet the demands, can send into once more in the high-order water tank 1 that freezes, further concentrate once more.
Present embodiment adopts the form of vertical layout, installs corresponding water pump or solution pump additional in the position of partial discharge water, can the horizontal arrangement form of whole horizontally disposed formation, or the vertical layout of part, the horizontal layout of part and constitute the mixed-arrangement form.
If the processed aqueous solution is waste water solution, then the thawing water of gained is purifying waste water of obtaining from waste water, and promptly the inventive method also can directly apply to waste water and reclaim the field, extracts reclaiming clean water from all kinds of waste water, realizes that water resource repeats repeatedly to use.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of concentration method of graduate freezing interface, the heat pump energy-conserving technology is applied to aqueous solution interface progressive freeze concentration systems, it is characterized in that comprising feed water solution, concentrated solution conveying and discharging, thawing water conveying and discharging, ice sheet washing, heat pump cycle, auxiliary cooling and seven job steps of central authorities' control and constitute seven subsystems respectively, being interconnected with two icing water tanks constitutes the system and device of realizing that the aqueous solution interface progressive freeze concentrates; Two icing water tanks are arranged up and down, constitute high-order water tank and the icing water tank of low level of freezing, the evaporimeter of closed heat pump circulating system and condenser are placed on respectively in two icing water tanks, the evaporimeter of auxiliary cooling subsystem is a heat exchanger with high-order heat exchanger organic assembling of freezing water tank, forms aqueous solution concentration systems according to the operation operation reciprocation cycle of setting; Be separately installed with the needed with ribbing heat exchanger of freezing process in two icing water tanks, the rib structure enlarged areas of will freezing is removed heat fast, forms ice sheet as early as possible; Feed water solution is sent the aqueous solution into the high-order water tank that freezes, and reclaims the concentrated solution of discharge system and the cold of thawing water simultaneously; Concentrated solution is carried with discharging the concentrated solution of two icing water tanks is discharged; Thawing water is carried with discharging the thawing water of two icing water tanks is delivered to the thawing water tank; The concentrated solution on ice sheet washing and recycling ice sheet surface; Heat pump cycle realizes that by the evaporimeter of heat pump aqueous solvent is frozen and concentrated solution in the aqueous solution, utilize its condenser to realize that the thawing of ice sheet forms thawing water simultaneously, utilize the commutation effect of cross valve again, high-order freeze concentration process of freezing water tank and the icing water tank of low level is combined, realize energy-efficient freeze concentration process; Auxiliary cooling forms ice sheet in a high position is frozen water tank, finish concentration process for the first time, and the freeze concentration process of heat pump cycle subsystem is begun, and after the heat pump cycle subsystem work, make the auxiliary cooling subsystem work, the cold of replenish lost makes the freeze concentration amount stable; Central authorities' control makes each subsystem or step organic assembling in chronological order, controls the evaporating temperature of heat pump circulating system and auxiliary cooling system simultaneously.
2, concentration method of graduate freezing interface according to claim 1, it is characterized in that evaporimeter, condenser combination with closed heat pump circulating system, by the exchange function of cross valve realization evaporimeter and condenser, remove the solid wall surface ice sheet and also reclaim cold.
3, concentration method of graduate freezing interface according to claim 1 is characterized in that adding in the position of the discharge water or the aqueous solution holding water pump or water-soluble liquid pump.
4, concentration method of graduate freezing interface according to claim 1 is characterized in that being applied to waste water and reclaims the field, extracts reclaiming clean water from all kinds of waste water, realizes that water resource repeats repeatedly to use.
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| CN101885567B (en) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-01-04 | 中环（中国）工程有限公司 | Combined equipment for treating high-salinity organic wastewater |
| CN102755760A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2012-10-31 | 清华大学 | Freezing-based solution regeneration method and device |
| CN105011272A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-11-04 | 广西大学 | Process for processing ice-removed fruit and vegetable concentrated juice |
| CN105561625B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2017-08-25 | 陕西中医药大学 | A kind of flat board falling film type freezing concentrator and its freezing and concentrating method |
| CN106317165B (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-08-20 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Protein concentration system and application method thereof |
| CN112408532A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-02-26 | 陈俊 | Low-temperature concentration device for treating garbage leachate through sectional dehydration |
| CN112138039A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2020-12-29 | 山东达因海洋生物制药股份有限公司 | Iron-supplementing medicine and its preparation method |
| CN112791438B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-29 | 魏永阳 | Cold energy desalination system and process for treating saline water |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1366466A (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2002-08-28 | 梁保民 | Freeze concentration for aqueous solutions |
| EP1512449A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-03-09 | Kagome Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of controlling progressive freeze-concentration |
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| CN1366466A (en) * | 2000-04-20 | 2002-08-28 | 梁保民 | Freeze concentration for aqueous solutions |
| EP1512449A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-03-09 | Kagome Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of controlling progressive freeze-concentration |
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