Overcurrent protective device and preparation method thereof
[technical field]
The invention relates to a kind of overcurrent protective device and preparation method thereof, particularly about a kind of overcurrent protective device and preparation method thereof with quick heat radiating effect.
[background technology]
Along with the extensive use of present portable type electronic product (for example mobile phone, notebook computer, hand camera and personal digital aid (PDA) etc.), for the overcurrent protective device that prevents circuit generation overcurrent (over-current) or cross high temperature (over-temperature) phenomenon has been subjected to obvious attention.
Known positive temperature coefficient (Positive Temperature Coefficient, PTC) work as sharp to the reacting phase of variations in temperature by the resistance value of element.When PTC element during in normal behaviour in service, its resistance can be kept utmost point low value and make circuit be able to normal operation.But when overcurrent takes place or crosses the phenomenon of high temperature and when making temperature rise to a critical temperature, its resistance value can the moment spring to a high resistance state (for example 10
4More than the ohm) and excessive current reversal is offset, to reach the purpose of protection battery or circuit element.Therefore this PTC element has been integrated in the various circuit elements, to prevent the infringement of overcurrent.
Figure 1 shows that a known overcurrent protective device 10, it comprises a PTC material layer 101, two electrode layers 102, two separators 103, two conductive poles 104 and two welding electrode layers 105.This two electrode layer 102 is the upper and lower surfaces that are stacked at this PTC material layer 101, and this welding electrode layer 105 is the surfaces that are covered in this electrode layer 102.This conductive pole 104 runs through this PTC material layer 101 and two electrode layers 102, to be electrically connected two electrode layers 102 and surface soldered electrode layer 105.This separator 103 is divided into left and right two partly with electrode layer 102, is electrically connected to block it.This overcurrent protective device 10 forms left and right two electrode tips, can utilize lead (not shown) to be connected to the circuit or the element of desire protection respectively.
Along with the trend of present electronic device miniaturization, the heat radiation of element becomes an important design consideration.If can't efficiently radiates heat, the useful life and the reliability of overcurrent protective device will be reduced significantly.
[summary of the invention]
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of overcurrent protective device and preparation method thereof, can quicken to distribute the heat that this overcurrent protective device produces, to be applicable to the electronic installation of miniaturization day by day.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of overcurrent protective device, it is characterized in that: it comprises:
At least one positive temperature coefficient element, two electrode layers that it comprises a PTC material layer and is stacked at these PTC material layer both sides;
At least one heat dissipating layer;
At least one binding glue-line links this at least one positive temperature coefficient element and at least one heat dissipating layer, and as the heat-conduction medium between positive temperature coefficient element and the heat dissipating layer;
At least two separators are divided into two parts with this heat dissipating layer, binding glue-line and electrode layer, are electrically connected to block it.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: this PTC material layer is made up of the high molecular positive temperature coefficient material.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: the material of this heat dissipating layer is to be selected from aluminium, copper or its alloy.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: this binding glue-line is made up of elargol or copper glue.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: this binding glue-line is made up of resin or epoxy plastics.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: this separator is made up of anti-solder flux.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: it comprises at least one conductive pole in addition, is used to be electrically connected this two electrode layer.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: this conductive pole is made up of silver or copper.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: it comprises two welding electrode layers in addition, and it is arranged at the surface of this electrode layer or heat dissipating layer.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: the material of this welding electrode layer is to be selected from tin, lead or its alloy.
Described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: it comprises two welding electrode layers in addition, and it is arranged at the surface of this electrode layer or heat dissipating layer, and this conductive pole is connected to this two welding electrodes layer in addition.
The present invention also provides a kind of manufacture method of overcurrent protective device, it is characterized in that: it comprises the following step:
(a) provide at least one positive temperature coefficient element, it is made up of stacked being located between two electrode layers of a PTC material;
(b) form at least one binding glue-line on this at least one positive temperature coefficient element surface;
(c) form at least one heat dissipating layer on this at least one binding glue-line surface;
(d) in this heat dissipating layer, binding glue-line and electrode layer, form at least two separators, be used to block it and be electrically connected.
The manufacture method of described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: it comprises one in addition and makes at least one conductive pole to connect the step of this two electrode layer.
The manufacture method of described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: it is included in the step that described heat dissipating layer or electrode layer surface are made two welding electrode layers in addition.
The manufacture method of described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: it comprises a step of making two welding electrode layers in heat dissipating layer or electrode layer surface in addition, and this conductive pole is connected to this two welding electrodes layer in addition.
The manufacture method of described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: this conductive pole is to utilize plating or filling conductive paste to make.
The manufacture method of described overcurrent protective device is characterized in that: this separator is to utilize the mode of etching, laser, excision or milling to form opening, and this opening fill insulant is formed.
In sum, disclosed overcurrent protective device, it comprises at least one positive temperature coefficient element, at least one heat dissipating layer, at least one binding glue-line and at least two separators.This at least one positive temperature coefficient element is made up of stacked being located between two electrode layers of a PTC material.This at least one binding glue-line is arranged between this at least one positive temperature coefficient element and at least one heat dissipating layer, is used to link both and uses as its heat-conduction medium between the two.This at least two separator is this heat dissipating layer, binding glue-line and electrode layer to be divided into two partly be electrically connected to block it.
This overcurrent protective device can comprise at least one conductive pole in addition, to connect this two electrode layer, realizes conducting.In addition, can be at the surface coverage two welding electrode layers of this electrode layer or heat dissipating layer, to prevent its oxidation.
The similar fin of the effect of this heat dissipating layer (heat sink) can distribute the heat that positive temperature coefficient element produced rapidly, and prolongs the useful life of overcurrent protective device, improves its reliability, and its range of application of expansion.
Overcurrent protective device of the present invention mainly can be made according to the following step (a) to (d).In step (a), at least one positive temperature coefficient element is provided, it is made up of stacked being located between two electrode layers of a PTC material.In step (b), form at least one binding glue-line on this at least one positive temperature coefficient element surface.In step (c), form at least one heat dissipating layer on this at least one binding glue-line surface.In step (d), in this heat dissipating layer, binding glue-line and electrode layer, form at least two separators, be used to block it and be electrically connected.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of known overcurrent protective device;
Fig. 2 (a) is the stereogram of the overcurrent protective device of first preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 (b) is along the profile of 1-1 hatching among Fig. 2 (a);
Fig. 3 is the profile of the overcurrent protective device of second preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the profile of the overcurrent protective device of third preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the profile of the overcurrent protective device of four preferred embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 (a) is to the making flow process of the overcurrent protective device of 6 (g) example fifth preferred embodiment of the invention.
Component symbol explanation among the figure:
[embodiment]
Major technology means of the present invention are to set up heat dissipating layer in overcurrent protective device, to reach the purpose that accelerated heat is distributed.Below will utilize several embodiment to describe.
With reference to Fig. 2 (a) and 2 (b), wherein Fig. 2 (a) is the stereogram of the overcurrent protective device of first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 (b) then is along the profile of 1-1 hatching among Fig. 2 (a).One overcurrent protective device 20 comprises a PTC material layer 201, two electrode layers 202, link glue-line 203, a heat dissipating layer 204, two separators 207 and 208, two conductive poles 209 and two welding electrode layers 205 and 206.This PTC material layer 201 is to be stacked between this two electrode layer 202 and to form the positive temperature coefficient element 21 of a similar sandwich structure.This PTC material layer 201 can (Polymer Positive Temperature Coefficient PPTC) forms by the high molecular positive temperature coefficient material.This binding glue-line 203 is between this positive temperature coefficient element 21 and heat dissipating layer 204, is used to link both and conduct heat-conduction medium therebetween.This binding glue-line 203 can adopt conduction or non electrically conductive material, for example conductive elargol, copper glue or nonconducting resin, epoxy plastics etc.This heat dissipating layer 204 is arranged at the surface of this binding glue-line 203, and it can use aluminium, copper metal or its alloy of perfect heat-dissipating to make.When overcurrent taking place or cross high temperature, the heat that this positive temperature coefficient element 21 produced can link glue-line 203 via this and conduct to this heat dissipating layer 204 and distribute fast.This separator 207 is divided into two partly with this heat dissipating layer 204, the electrode layer 202 that links glue-line 203 and be positioned at these PTC material layer 201 tops, to block two being electrically connected between partly.The electrode layer 202 that separator 208 will be positioned at these PTC material layer 201 belows is divided into two partly, and its purpose is to be electrically connected in order to block equally.This conductive pole 209 can utilize machine drilling or laser to run through earlier and form perforation, makes in electro-coppering, silver or filled conductive cream modes such as (for example copper cream or silver paste etc.) again.This welding electrode layer 205 is covered in the surface of this heat dissipating layer 204; this welding electrode layer 206 then is covered in the surface of the electrode layer 202 of these PTC material layer 201 belows, is connected to the circuit or the element of desire protection by lead for this overcurrent protective device 20.This welding electrode layer 205,206 is generally made by the tin that is difficult for oxidation, lead or its alloy, therefore can prevent this heat dissipating layer 204 and electrode layer 202 oxidations.
In the present embodiment, though this binding glue-line 203 can be made up of non electrically conductive material, but so will cause this welding electrode layer 205 to be difficult for being electrically connected to this positive temperature coefficient element 21, and make lead (not marking among the figure) only can be soldered to this welding electrode layer 206, thereby reduce the elasticity on making.Yet; when linking glue-line 203, this forms by non electrically conductive material; and when two leads (not shown) connect the left and right part of this welding electrode layer 206 respectively; even without the conductive pole 209 that is positioned at left; this two lead also can reach the effect of protection with these positive temperature coefficient element 21 formation connected in electrical series, and the conductive pole 209 that therefore is positioned at left can omit.
The heat conductivity of aluminium and copper metal (thermal conductivity), thermal capacitance (heat capacity) and electrical conductivity (electrical conductivity) are as shown in Table 1.As shown in Table 1, aluminium, copper all have good heat radiating and conductive characteristic concurrently, it is all cheap than silver to add aluminium, copper, therefore can reach the purpose of distributing the heat that positive temperature coefficient element 21 produced fast with aluminium, copper or its alloy (Al-zn-mg-cu alloy) as the heat dissipating layer 204 of material.
Table one
|
Aluminium |
Copper |
Electrical conductivity (siemens/m) |
0.377*106 |
0.596*106 |
Thermal capacitance (J/Kg ℃) |
910 |
390 |
Heat conductivity (W/m ℃) |
160 |
200 |
Because of the three-dimensional appearance of the overcurrent protective device of other embodiments of the invention all is similar to the structure shown in Fig. 2 (a), difference wherein only is the variation of internal structure and thickness.Therefore following embodiment will omit and show its stereogram, and only represent with profile.
Fig. 3 is the profile of the overcurrent protective device of second preferred embodiment of the present invention.One overcurrent protective device 30 comprises a PTC material layer 301, two electrode layers 302, link glue-line 303, a heat dissipating layer 304, two separators 307 and 308, two conductive poles 309 and two welding electrode layers 305 and 306.This PTC material layer 301 is stacked between this two electrode layer 302 and forms a positive temperature coefficient element 31.Compare with the overcurrent protective device 20 of first preferred embodiment, the overcurrent protective device 30 of present embodiment is that this conductive pole 309 is extended to connect upper and lower welding electrode layer 305,306.Thus, adopted non-conducting material, also can be electrically connected this positive temperature coefficient element 31 and this welding electrode layer 305 even should link glue-line 303.In addition, with regard to making flow process, present embodiment can link at this holes after glue-line 303 and heat dissipating layer 304 are laminated in positive temperature coefficient element 31 again and makes conductive pole 309, thereby can increase the elasticity in the making.
Fig. 4 is the profile of the overcurrent protective device of the 3rd preferred embodiment of the present invention, and its announcement one comprises the overcurrent protective device of double-deck heat dissipating layer.One overcurrent protective device 40 comprises a PTC material layer 401, two electrode layers 402, two link glue-line 403, two heat dissipating layers 404, two separators 407, two conductive poles 409 and two welding electrode layers 405.This PTC material layer 401 is stacked between this two electrode layer 402 and forms a positive temperature coefficient element 41.This two bindings glue-line 403, two heat dissipating layers 404 and two welding electrode layers 405 stack gradually the upper and lower surface in this positive temperature coefficient element 41.Compare with the overcurrent protective device 20 of first preferred embodiment; the overcurrent protective device 40 of present embodiment mainly is that the side at this positive temperature coefficient element 41 increases by a heat dissipating layer 404, makes this positive temperature coefficient element 41 can increase substantially radiating efficiency via the heat dissipating layer 404 that is positioned at its both sides.
Fig. 5 is the profile of the overcurrent protective device of the 4th preferred embodiment of the present invention.One overcurrent protective device 50 comprises a PTC material layer 501, two electrode layers 502, two link glue-line 503, two heat dissipating layers 504, two separators 507, two conductive poles 509 and two welding electrode layers 505.This PTC material layer 501 and two electrode layers 502 are formed a positive temperature coefficient element 51.The overcurrent protective device 40 of the 3rd preferred embodiment with compare; the overcurrent protective device 50 of present embodiment is that this conductive pole 509 is extended to connect upper and lower welding electrode layer 505,506; its advantage is identical with the overcurrent protective device 30 of second embodiment, no longer repeats.
In addition, overcurrent protective device of the present invention also can comprise several positive temperature coefficient elements, utilizes its characteristic parallel with one another to reduce resistance value.Below promptly disclose one and comprise the overcurrent protective device of two positive temperature coefficient elements, and disclose the making flow process of overcurrent protective device of the present invention by this example.
Fig. 6 (a) illustrates the making flow process of the overcurrent protective device of the 5th preferred embodiment of the present invention to 6 (g).With reference to Fig. 6 (a), two positive temperature coefficient elements 61 at first are provided, each positive temperature coefficient element 61 is stacked between two electrode layers 602 by a PTC material layer 601 to be formed.Then, utilize modes such as etching in this two electrode layer 602, to cut out breach 62, shown in Fig. 6 (b).Note that to asking accompanying drawing succinct, only show among Fig. 6 (a) and 6 (b) that a positive temperature coefficient element 61 is as representative.With reference to Fig. 6 (c), it is in addition superimposed that this two positive temperature coefficient element 61 is linked glue-line 603 with one, and this breach 62 is then inserted insulating material such as anti-solder flux and formed separator 607,608.With reference to Fig. 6 (d), utilize two connection glue-lines 603 two heat dissipating layers 604 to be incorporated into the electrode layer 602 that exposes respectively.With reference to Fig. 6 (e), utilize modes such as machinery or laser drill to run through this two positive temperature coefficient element 61, two heat dissipating layers 604 and binding glue-line 603 therebetween and form two and bore a hole 612.In addition, utilize modes such as etching, laser, excision or milling that this heat dissipating layer 604, binding glue-line 603 and this separator 608 are cut out two openings 613.With reference to Fig. 6 (f), utilize to electroplate or modes such as filled conductive cream are made two conductive poles 609, and will prevent that solder flux inserts this opening 613 and form two separators 610.With reference to Fig. 6 (g), last surface coverage welding electrode layer 605 at this heat dissipating layer 604.
In fact, the overcurrent protective device that above-mentioned first to fourth preferred embodiment is disclosed also can utilize the principle identical with the 5th preferred embodiment to be made, and only is to make the order difference, and it is different with the order of heat dissipating layer for example to make conductive pole.In addition; the overcurrent protective device of above-mentioned icon all comprises two conductive poles; yet in fact form by electric conducting material as if this connection glue-line; and external wire is connected in the welding electrode layer of these positive temperature coefficient element both sides; even omit this two conductive pole this moment, this lead also can form connected in electrical series and reach the protection effect with this positive temperature coefficient element.
Though those skilled in the art can need the possibility that the order of above-mentioned each making step is exchanged mutually according to different structures, as long as be to use principle of the present invention equally, it is still contained by technology category of the present invention.
Above-mentioned welding electrode layer is not the necessary element of overcurrent protective device of the present invention.If overcurrent protective device is the environment that is applied to vacuum or other non-oxidation worry, this welding electrode layer can omit.
Technology contents of the present invention and technical characterstic disclose as above, yet those skilled in the art still may be based on teaching of the present invention and announcement and done all replacement and modifications that does not deviate from spirit of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be not limited to the content that embodiment discloses, and should comprise various do not deviate from replacement of the present invention and modifications.