CN100446386C - Contactless automobile generating device - Google Patents
Contactless automobile generating device Download PDFInfo
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- CN100446386C CN100446386C CNB200510047818XA CN200510047818A CN100446386C CN 100446386 C CN100446386 C CN 100446386C CN B200510047818X A CNB200510047818X A CN B200510047818XA CN 200510047818 A CN200510047818 A CN 200510047818A CN 100446386 C CN100446386 C CN 100446386C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a non-contact automobile generating device which belongs to the technical field of automobile generating devices. The present invention comprises a generator, rectifier and a regulator, wherein the rectifier is arranged on a back end cover in the generator, and the end part of a three-phase winding of a generator stator is connected with the regulator through a rectifying diode of the rectifier. The generator is a permanent-magnet synchronous generator, the regulator is a switching power supply regulator, and the permanent-magnet synchronous generator is controlled to output voltage by the switching power supply regulator. The present invention has the advantages of simple processes and low cost, the disadvantages of poor reliability, low efficiency, low precision of output voltage, low power density, etc. of the traditional automobile generating devices are fundamentally solved, the total average efficiency of the generating device achieves more than 50%, and output ripple voltage is about 0.1V. The power density is increased by about 20%, the average life of the present invention is twice as that of traditional electric excitation generating devices, and the whole reliability of the automobile generating device is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the automobile generating device technical field, particularly a kind of contactless automobile generating device.
Background technology
Automobile generating device is a vitals of automobile.Generally adopt electric excitation Lundell Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) at present both at home and abroad, mainly form by electric excitation claw pole electric generator, field regulator.Its basic functional principle is: automobile current generator is to be dragged by the engine that rotating speed changes constantly, make that the output voltage of automobile current generator also is to change constantly, therefore utilize machinery or electronic controller that the rotor-exciting of generator is regulated, make the output voltage stabilization of generator.Long-term automobile actual motion shows that there are the following problems for electric excitation Lundell Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT): 1. Zhuan Zhi poor reliability, reduced the reliability and security of automobile; 2. Zhuan Zhi efficient is low, and its average efficiency only about 30% simultaneously because rotor heating, makes copper loss and the iron loss of motor that increase in various degree be arranged, the reduction life of generator, and the life-span of this kind Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) was generally about 2 years; 3. Zhuan Zhi output voltage precision is low, and poor stability does not especially satisfy the requirement of medium-to-high grade automobile to power supply; 4. Zhuan Zhi power density is low, because its rotor is the pawl utmost point, volume is big, and complex process causes the power density of generator lower, and manufacturing cost increases.This is for being uneconomic to volume and the highstrung automobile industry of cost.
The problem that exists in actual use at electric excitation Lundell Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), people have carried out multinomial transformation and research to this for many years, representational patent of invention has: 1. the automobile-used electromagnetic clutch type brushless silicon rectification generator group (patent No.: 02114384.6), a kind of automobile electrical magnetic clutch type brushless silicon rectification generator group, by brushless silicon rectification generator, friction disk type electromagnetic clutch, belt pulley transmission and electrical control gear are formed.This automobile generating device still exists efficient low, poor reliability, shortcoming such as power density is low.2. complex magnetically converting AC generator for vehicle (the patent No.: 02133453.6), it is a kind of permanent magnet that both used, use the complex magnetically converting AC generator for vehicle of magnet exciting coil excitation again, comprise stator, magnet exciting coil and the rotor that constitutes by the forward and backward pawl utmost point of coaxial rotation, the utmost point pawl that forward and backward pawl is extremely gone up evenly is spaced, one of them pawl utmost point or at least the utmost point pawl on it make by permeability magnetic material, and another pawl utmost point or at least the utmost point pawl on it make by single magnetic magnetic pole permanent magnet or its on be inlaid with single magnetic magnetic pole permanent magnet.3. the automobile-used hybrid claw-pole alternator (patent No.: 03112909.9), on the basis of existing claw pole electric generator, between adjacent on two of the rotor closed relatively pawl utmost point dishes and two pawl utmost points that staggered contract is gone into, be inlaid with the permanent magnetism sheet.The two kinds of automobile generating devices in back still adopt pawl utmost point rotor, therefore also do not break away from the intrinsic shortcoming of claw-pole motor, and make that the structure of motor is complicated more.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem of above-mentioned existence, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of contactless automobile generating device.It is to replace traditional electric excitation claw pole electric generator with magneto alternator, cooperates high accuracy, high efficiency switch power supply formula adjuster to constitute.
The present invention includes generator, rectifier, adjuster, rectifier places on the rear end cap of generator inside, the three-phase winding overhang of generator unit stator, rectifier diode by rectifier links to each other with adjuster, this generator is a magneto alternator, adjuster is the switch power supply type adjuster, by the output voltage of switch power supply type adjuster control Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).The stator of magneto alternator adopts fractional slot winding to eliminate voltage harmonic; Rotor adopts radial surface formula structure, be that rotor core is fixed in the rotating shaft, around rotor core, be evenly equipped with permanent magnet, be provided with press strip between the permanent magnet, the effect of press strip is to reinforce permanent magnet pole, have ventilation hole in rotor core vertically, described ventilation hole evenly distributes in a circumferential direction.The switch power supply type adjuster has pressure stabilization function, and the dc voltage stability that input time is changed becomes steady state value.The circuit structure of switch power supply type adjuster: comprise stabilized driving potential circuit, passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, field effect transistor S1, first inductance L 1, the first diode D1, first capacitor C 1, first end of stabilized driving potential circuit is connected with the drain and gate of field effect transistor S1 respectively with second end, the 3rd end of stabilized driving potential circuit is connected with the anode of the first diode D1, and the source electrode of field effect transistor S1 is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode D1; First end of first capacitor C 1 and the 4th resistance R L all is connected with first end of first inductance L 1, second end of first capacitor C 1 and the 4th resistance R L is connected with first end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, second end of first inductance L 1 is connected with second end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, first end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is connected with the anode of the first diode D1, second end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode D1, the input voltage that makes the switch power supply type adjuster is that wide region changes, no matter how load changes, output voltage is a stationary value.The stabilized driving potential circuit is to utilize the first transistor V1, the second transistor V2 to form a constant-current source circuit; The base stage of the first transistor V1 is connected at chip drives control signal end with the collector electrode of the second transistor V2, first end of the collector electrode of the first transistor V1 and first resistance R 1, first end of second resistance R 2 is connected, second end of first resistance R 1 is as first end of this stabilized driving potential circuit, second end of second resistance R 2 is connected as second end of this stabilized driving potential circuit and with field effect transistor S1 grid, the emitter of the first transistor V1 is connected back one the 3rd resistance R 3 of series connection and is connected on the point of circuit with the base stage of the second transistor V2, and with three end of this point as this stabilized driving potential circuit, and the emitter of the second transistor V2 is connected on the described point.Passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is: the two ends that are connected in parallel on second capacitor C 2 after the 3rd inductance L 3, second inductance L 2 and the 3rd diode D3 connect successively; Be connected in parallel on the two ends of the first diode D1 behind second capacitor C 2 and the second diode D2 polyphone.
The present invention does not adjust the exciting current and the parameter of automobile current generator in automobile generating device, and utilizes the switch power supply type adjuster to regulate the output voltage of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), is that automobile current generator itself or adjuster all do not have mechanical contact.
Basic principle of the present invention: automobile engine is a gear, and the rotating speed of corresponding generator also in very large range changes, and requires the generator can operate as normal in the 1000～12000r/min even the wideer range of speeds usually.According to electromagnetic principle as can be known, the linear ratio of permanent magnet generator output AC electromotive force and rotating speed changes.When rotating speed of automobile engine changed in very wide scope, the output voltage of permanent magnet generator also can change thereupon, and the effect of switch power supply type adjuster is exactly that the variation dc voltage stability through the rectifier input is become a steady state value, plays pressure stabilization function.In addition, because the electric current of whole device is bigger, therefore rated current can adopt a kind of novel passive and nondestructive ZVS (Zero-voltage soft switch) circuit up to 100A, it utilizes the main inductance polarity of voltage to follow the characteristics that on off state changes, and controls charging and discharge that ZVS turn-offs electric capacity rightly.Many advantages such as sort circuit has and uses components and parts few, need not extra auxiliary switch, and soft switch is effective, and control is convenient, and cost is low are improved significantly the efficient of whole device, have reduced heating simultaneously.
Advantage of the present invention is the poor reliability that can fundamentally solve the orthodox car Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), efficient is low, the output voltage precision is low, weak points such as power density is low, make the ensemble average efficient of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) reach more than 50%, output ripple voltage is about 0.1V, and power density improves about 20%, average life span is 2 times of traditional electrical excitation Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), so just makes the global reliability of automobile generating device be improved.And technology is succinct, and is with low cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an integrated circuit structural representation of the present invention,
Fig. 2 is a magneto alternator contour structures schematic diagram of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the end view of Fig. 2,
Fig. 4 is a magneto alternator rotor structure schematic diagram of the present invention,
Fig. 5 is the end view of Fig. 4,
Fig. 6 is a switch power supply type regulator topologies circuit diagram of the present invention;
Front end housing 1 among the figure, rotor core 2, rear end cap 3, rectifier 4, press strip 5, permanent magnet 6, ventilation hole 7, rotating shaft 8, belt pulley 9, the magneto alternator circuit I, rectifier circuit II, switch power supply type adjuster circuit III, stabilized driving potential circuit IV, passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit V, S1 is a field effect transistor, K chip termination drive control signal, three-phase induction electromotive force e
A, e
B, e
CDiode VD1, VD2, VD3, VD4, VD5, VD6, the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, effect pipe S1, first inductance L 1, second inductance L 2, the 3rd inductance L 3, the first resistance R 1, second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3, resistance R L, the first transistor V1, the second transistor V2, first capacitor C 1, second capacitor C 2, power supply E, permanent magnet pole N, S.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described further:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, the present invention includes magneto alternator, rectifier 4, switch power supply type adjuster, rectifier 4 places on the rear end cap 3 of magneto alternator, magneto alternator stator three-phase induction electromotive force e
A, e
B, e
CThrough winding overhang, pass through rectifier diode VD1, the VD2 of rectifier respectively, VD3, VD4, VD5, VD6 link to each other with the switch power supply type adjuster, by the output voltage of switch power supply type adjuster control Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT).In the embodiments of the invention, the stator of magneto alternator adopts fractional slot winding, and rotor adopts radial surface formula structure, and its rotor core 2 is to make with the A3 steel, in the rotating shaft of the front end housing side of motor belt pulley 9 is installed.Its rotor structure such as Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5: rotor core 2 is fixed in the rotating shaft 8, is evenly equipped with ten permanent magnets 6 around rotor core 2, is provided with press strip 5 between the permanent magnet 6, evenly has 5 ventilation holes 7 in rotor core 2 vertically.
Switch power supply type regulator topologies circuit, as shown in Figure 6, comprise stabilized driving potential circuit, passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, field effect transistor S1, first inductance L 1, the first diode D1, first capacitor C 1, first end of stabilized driving potential circuit is connected with the drain and gate of field effect transistor S1 respectively with second end, the 3rd end of stabilized driving potential circuit is connected with the anode of the first diode D1, and the source electrode of field effect transistor S1 is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode D1; First end of first capacitor C 1 and the 4th resistance R L all is connected with first end of first inductance L 1, second end of first capacitor C 1 and the 4th resistance R L is connected with first end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, second end of first inductance L 1 is connected with second end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, first end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is connected with the anode of the first diode D1, second end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is connected with the negative electrode of the first diode D1, the input voltage that makes the switch power supply type adjuster is that wide region changes, no matter how load changes, output voltage is a stationary value.The stabilized driving potential circuit is to utilize the first transistor V1, the second transistor V2 to form a constant-current source circuit; The base stage of the first transistor V1 is connected at chip drives control signal end with the collector electrode of the second transistor V2, first end of the collector electrode of the first transistor V1 and first resistance R 1, first end of second resistance R 2 is connected, second end of first resistance R 1 is as first end of this stabilized driving potential circuit, second end of second resistance R 2 is connected as second end of this stabilized driving potential circuit and with field effect transistor S1 grid, the emitter of the first transistor V1 is connected back one the 3rd resistance R 3 of series connection and is connected on the point of circuit with the base stage of the second transistor V2, and with three end of this point as this stabilized driving potential circuit, and the emitter of the second transistor V2 is connected on the described point.This circuit utilizes DC/DC (DC to DC converter) conversion chip that entire circuit is controlled, it detects the storage battery E voltage that links to each other with the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) output constantly, in case battery voltage exceeds set-point, chip just turn-offs field effect transistor S1, and generator and storage battery are disconnected.When battery voltage is lower than set-point, DC/DC conversion chip, output high-frequency pulsed width modulation signal, through the first transistor V1, the constant-current source circuit that the second transistor V2 forms drives field effect transistor S1, and generator and storage battery are connected by the rule of pulsewidth modulation.First inductance L 1 constitutes a closed-loop path with the afterflow first diode D1, storage battery and load resistance RL, and effect is the rush of current of buffered hf switch, and the output voltage with the stable electric generation device reduces ripple.Because the electric current of whole device is bigger, the rated current instantaneous value can be up to 100A, therefore adopted a kind of novel passive and nondestructive ZVS (Zero-voltage soft switch), its circuit connecting relation is: the two ends that are connected in parallel on second capacitor C 2 after the 3rd inductance L 3, second inductance L 2 and the 3rd diode D3 connect successively; Be connected in parallel on the two ends of the first diode D1 behind second capacitor C 2 and the second diode D2 polyphone; Second capacitor C 2 and the second diode D2 are used to realize the shutoff of the passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit of main switch; Coupling inductance second inductance L 2 of the 3rd inductance L 3, main inductance and the 3rd diode D3 create the quasi-resonance condition of charging for second capacitor C 2, it utilizes main inductance first inductance L 1 polarity of voltage to follow the characteristics that on off state changes, and controls charging and discharge that ZVS turn-offs second capacitor C 2 rightly.Many advantages such as sort circuit has and uses components and parts few, need not extra auxiliary switch, and soft switch is effective, and control is convenient, and cost is low are improved significantly the efficient of whole device, have reduced heating simultaneously.
Partial properties index of the present invention and existing technical data compare: table 1 is the contrast of the present invention and traditional automobile generating device efficient; Table 2 is the present invention and the comparison of domestic and international similar technology.As seen from the table, no matter the present invention is efficient or power density, and its advantage is conspicuous.
Table 1:
| The alternator for vehicle kind | Efficient during rated condition | Average efficiency in the whole range of speeds |
| The permanent magnet electric generating apparatus of this invention | 86.0％ | 55％ |
| Conventional electric excitation generator device | 60％ | 30％ |
| The claw-pole permanent magnet Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) | 70％ | 35％ |
Table 2:
Table 2:
| Model | Voltage (V) | Capacity (VA) | Electric current (A) | Rated speed (r./min) | Power density (W/kg) | Maximum speed (r./min) |
| The present invention | 14 | 1000 | 70 | 1500 | 240 | 12000 |
| JFY133Y (China) | 14 | 500 | 36 | 3500 | - | 10000 |
| L7150 (Japan) | 14 | 700 | 50 | 5000 | 175 | - |
| 23ACR (Britain) | 14 | 780 | 55 | 6000 | 102 | 15000 |
| KI (Germany) | 14 | 770 | 55 | - | 180 | - |
Claims (3)
1, a kind of contactless automobile generating device, comprise magneto alternator, rectifier, adjuster, rectifier places on the rear end cap of magneto alternator inside, the three-phase winding overhang of magneto alternator stator links to each other with adjuster by the rectifier diode of rectifier, adjuster is the switch power supply type adjuster, output voltage by switch power supply type adjuster control Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT), the stator of magneto alternator adopts fractional slot winding, rotor adopts radial surface formula structure, be that rotor core is fixed in the rotating shaft, outer surface along rotor core is evenly equipped with permanent magnet, be provided with press strip between the permanent magnet, in rotor core, have ventilation hole vertically, described ventilation hole evenly distributes in a circumferential direction, the circuit that it is characterized in that described switch power supply type adjuster comprises the stabilized driving potential circuit, passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, field effect transistor (S1), first inductance (L1), first diode (D1), first electric capacity (C1), first end of stabilized driving potential circuit is connected with the drain and gate of field effect transistor (S1) respectively with second end, the 3rd end of stabilized driving potential circuit is connected with the anode of first diode (D1), and the source electrode of field effect transistor (S1) is connected with the negative electrode of first diode (D1); First end of first electric capacity (C1) and the 4th resistance (RL) all is connected with first end of first inductance (L1), second end of first electric capacity (C1) and the 4th resistance (RL) is connected with first end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, second end of first inductance (L1) is connected with second end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit, first end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is connected with the anode of first diode (D1), and second end of passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is connected with the negative electrode of first diode (D1).
2, a kind of contactless automobile generating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described stabilized driving potential circuit is to utilize first transistor (V1), second transistor (V2) to form a constant-current source circuit; The base stage of first transistor (V1) is connected at chip drives control signal end with the collector electrode of second transistor (V2), first end of the collector electrode of first transistor (V1) and first resistance (R1), first end of second resistance (R2) is connected, second end of first resistance (R1) is as first end of this stabilized driving potential circuit, second end of second resistance (R2) is connected as second end of this stabilized driving potential circuit and with field effect transistor (S1) grid, the emitter of first transistor (V1) is connected back one the 3rd resistance of series connection (R3) and is connected on the point of circuit with the base stage of second transistor (V2), and with three end of this point as this stabilized driving potential circuit, and the emitter of second transistor (V2) is connected on the described point.
3, a kind of contactless automobile generating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described passive and nondestructive ZVS circuit is: the two ends that are connected in parallel on second electric capacity (C2) after the 3rd inductance (L3), second inductance (L2) and the 3rd diode (D3) are connected successively; Be connected in parallel on the two ends of first diode (D1) behind second electric capacity (C2) and second diode (D2) polyphone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510047818XA CN100446386C (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2005-11-25 | Contactless automobile generating device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510047818XA CN100446386C (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2005-11-25 | Contactless automobile generating device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1794542A CN1794542A (en) | 2006-06-28 |
| CN100446386C true CN100446386C (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB200510047818XA Expired - Fee Related CN100446386C (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2005-11-25 | Contactless automobile generating device |
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| Country | Link |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108448A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-07-01 | 罗伯特-博希股份公司 | The synchronous machine of permanent magnet excitation |
| CN2174806Y (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-08-17 | 王密杰 | Non-contact regulator for generator of locomotive |
| JPH09322545A (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1997-12-12 | Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk | Voltage controller of permanent magnet generator |
| CN1599210A (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2005-03-23 | 吉林大学 | Integrated permanent-magnet synchronization start generator |
-
2005
- 2005-11-25 CN CNB200510047818XA patent/CN100446386C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108448A (en) * | 1985-12-12 | 1987-07-01 | 罗伯特-博希股份公司 | The synchronous machine of permanent magnet excitation |
| CN2174806Y (en) * | 1993-09-14 | 1994-08-17 | 王密杰 | Non-contact regulator for generator of locomotive |
| JPH09322545A (en) * | 1996-05-29 | 1997-12-12 | Isuzu Ceramics Kenkyusho:Kk | Voltage controller of permanent magnet generator |
| CN1599210A (en) * | 2004-08-23 | 2005-03-23 | 吉林大学 | Integrated permanent-magnet synchronization start generator |
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| CN1794542A (en) | 2006-06-28 |
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Granted publication date: 20081224 Termination date: 20121125 |