CN100445764C - Tritium surface pollution monitor - Google Patents
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- CN100445764C CN100445764C CNB2006100213963A CN200610021396A CN100445764C CN 100445764 C CN100445764 C CN 100445764C CN B2006100213963 A CNB2006100213963 A CN B2006100213963A CN 200610021396 A CN200610021396 A CN 200610021396A CN 100445764 C CN100445764 C CN 100445764C
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Abstract
The invention is related to instrument for monitoring pollution on surface of tritium in order to solve issues of high cost of device, low efficiency of detection, and poor anti-interference. The invention includes detector, module of signal acquisition, and CPU. Detector is proportional counter in flowing gas type. The counter is composed of cathode of metal covering, as well as anode in wire or piece in inner cavity. Being connected to the output of high voltage module, anode through signal line is connected to the input of the module of signal acquisition. There are gas inlet orifice and gas outlet orifice in the inner cavity. In time of operation, methane gas enters into the inner cavity through the gas inlet orifice, and outflows through the gas outlet orifice continually.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention is relevant with the device of monitoring β ray environmental pollution, and is especially relevant with the device and the monitoring method of the surface contamination level of monitoring tritium.
Background technology:
Tritium surface pollution monitor passes through to detect the β ray, thereby understands the tritium surface pollution situation, reaches the purpose of monitoring, to guarantee personal safety.
At present, all carry out both at home and abroad always α/β/γ surface contamination is measured, tritium belongs to the β ray, but common β measures mainly in 100Kev ~ 1Mev scope, because tritium energy low (18.6keV), it is not very sensitive that general β surveying instrument is measured tritium, therefore needs specially tritium to be measured.
Latest generation α/β/γ surface contamination surface detector as Canberra company, though its precision height, performance are good, but there is not special solid tritium surface pollution monitor, and adopt the flow gas proportional counter that the detection efficiency of β is had only about 50%, and because import tariff and hardware technology, cost an arm and a leg so that most of at home user in be difficult to be used widely.
Domestic also have a like product, as the α β surface pollution measuring instrument of Beijing Nuclear Instrument Factory's production and the α β γ PC-01 type portable surface contamination meter of Chinese Radiation Protection Research Inst's development etc., all adopted the liquid scintillation bulk detector, the hardware integrated level is low, intellectuality and anti-interference are poor, not high to Beta-ray detection performance index, the BH3206 type surface contamination analyzer of producing as the Beijing Nuclear Instrument Factory has only 30% to the detection efficiency of β.So they just can't well be applied to monitor the pollution condition on solid tritium surface.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of tritium surface pollution monitor, its anti-interference is good, the integrated level height, and the transmission data are quick, can increase substantially tritium source detection efficiency and reduce production costs.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of tritium surface pollution monitoring method, and it makes intelligent equipment level height with combining of above-mentioned monitor, can improve tritium source detection efficiency greatly.
The present invention is achieved in that
Tritium surface pollution monitor of the present invention, comprise detector 1, signal acquisition module 2 and central processing unit 3, detector 1 is the flow gas proportional counter, form by metal wire in metal cap negative pole 4 and the inner chamber 5 thereof or sheet anodal 6, anodal 6 are connected with the output of high-pressure modular 7, anodal 6 are connected by the input of signal wire with signal acquisition module 2, and inner chamber 5 has air admission hole 8 and venthole 9, and methane gas constantly enters inner chamber 5 and flows out from venthole from air admission hole during work.
Anodal 6 is the ring of smooth spun gold system, and the diameter of spun gold is 1mm.
High-pressure modular 7 is digital adjustable integrated package, and its adjustable voltage is 0-4500V.
Tritium surface pollution monitoring method of the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) preset measuring time, measure number of times, instrument background, source efficiency, detection efficiency, detection area in the central processing unit register,
(2) with the gas outlet of the detector of monitor facing to the surface of measured object, open detector, the timer initial value is set, the timer of central processing unit begins timer counter,
(3) timer carries out timing according to the central processing unit clock frequency, will produce interruption when arriving initial value, and interrupt flag bit is 1, and timer is judged interrupt identification for whether being 0, if the continuation step-by-step counting is stored in the register, is 1 up to interrupt flag bit,
(4) regularly interrupt, regularly initial value redesign of timer, and judge whether to have measured the measurement number of times that sets in advance, if not, then continue step (3), if then enter next step,
(5) read the umber of pulse that records in the register, convert the decimal system to and be stored in the memory array according to address in the order of measuring number of times and the register,
(6) with the Measuring Time that presets in the storer, measure number of times, get in the internal memory according to address read, the pulse data in the different arrays in the internal memory is carried out sum operation by central processing unit, preserve umber of pulse and deposit in the central processing unit internal memory,
(7) will measure number of times and Measuring Time multiplies each other, T.T. number deposit in the central processing unit internal memory,
(8) with the overall pulse number divided by T.T. numerical value get unit interval average pulse number, deposit in the central processing unit internal memory,
(9) read preset parameter in the register, unit interval average pulse number deducted the instrument background, must measure absolute counting,
(10) with source efficiency, detection efficiency and detection area multiply each other, and the result is deposited in internal memory,
(11) will measure absolute counting divided by the result in the step (10), get tritium surface pollution activity, be stored in the register.
Monitor production cost of the present invention is low, detection sensitivity and precision height, and the transmission data are quick, and method of the present invention can be counted and data processing the data that monitor obtains, and speed is fast, and the accuracy height increases substantially detection efficiency and reduces cost.
Tritium surface pollution monitor of the present invention has national legal calibrating qualification mechanism (China Engineering Physics Research Institute metrology and measurement center) calibrating, respectively the stability of instrument, counting accuracy have been done repeated experiment, last to obtain the main performance index of this instrument as follows with evaluation as calculated:
(1) this instrument detection efficiency is 84%, (tritium source, slin emissivity 1308/2 π min), be higher than read up the literature the report domestic other general surface pollution measuring instrument;
(2) the instrument detection limit is 0.221Bq/cm
2, stability is 0.56%/h, all parameters all meet the requirement of GB5202 " α β and alpha-beta surface pollution measuring instrument and monitor " to the β measuring instrument.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the detection junction composition.
Fig. 3 is the signal acquisition module structured flowchart.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are the signal acquisition module circuit theory diagrams.
Fig. 6 is central processing unit and peripheral circuit diagram.
Fig. 7 is button chip and peripheral circuit diagram.
Fig. 8 is usb circuit figure.
Fig. 9 is a main program flow chart of the present invention.
Figure 10 is one of subroutine flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Tritium surface pollution monitor (as Fig. 1) mainly is made up of detector, signal acquisition module, central processing unit, USB interface etc., is equipped with each correlation function peripheral hardware, reaches purpose low-cost, intelligent, that high detection efficiency reaches quick transmission.
The tritium surface contamination survey meter detector is selected the flow gas proportional counter for use, the β ray that radiates when deuterium is during by detector, make gas generation ionization wherein, the formation negative ions is right, detector is collected this charged particle, sending into central processing unit after signal acquisition module carries out signal amplification, shaping and selection broadening counts, because what of pulse number are by the power decision of β radiation in the identical time, so central processing unit writes down the number and the generation time of these pulses, the method by software analysis just can calculate corresponding surface contamination level.Simultaneity factor has also realized the USB interface technology, and data transmission is quick, and is easy to operate.
1, detector
The detection of nuclear radiation is based on the interaction of ray and material, and detector is actually transmitted intensity is converted to electric signal.The Beta-ray detection that tritium radiates is to produce electronics by ionisation effect takes place in detector, and the intensity of the potential pulse by surveying electron production is surveyed Beta-ray intensity then.
The structure of flow gas proportional counter is mainly formed filling methane gas in the inner chamber 5 by metal cap negative pole 4 and heart yearn anodal 6 as shown in Figure 2.Metal cap is a copper, and heart yearn adopts the smooth spun gold of high precision, and diameter is 1mm, has guaranteed the sensitivity to charged particle, and the error that causes of rough burr, and is abundant to the collection of charged particle.Simultaneously in order to guarantee that institute's bulk concentration of inflating is constant in the counter, gas is the maintenance flow state always.And the high-pressure modular 7 that adopts normal component guarantees stable pressure reduction between the two poles of the earth for detector provides 0～4500V numeral adjustable high pressure.
By adopting this kind detector, relatively sensitiveer to the β ray of low energy range, design improves the instrument sensitivity of detection, makes whole raising of the whole detection efficiency of instrument, and owing to has reduced cost.
The principle of work of its detection is the β ray that sends of tritium decay during by the flow gas proportional counter, makes gas generation ionization wherein, and it is right to form negative ions.Under the effect of high-voltage electric field, electronics is accelerated to positive extreme direction campaign, with gas molecule collision ionization, produces new ion pair in the motion process.The result of avalanche type ionization will collect large numbers of ions on passive electrode, these charged ions will be with voltage pulse signal input signal acquisition module.
2, signal acquisition module
Part in signal acquisition module block diagram and realization function such as Fig. 3 dotted line mainly is made of circuit such as charge amplifier, main amplifier, shaping pulse, pulse examination and monostable oscillators.The detected signal of detector is input to charge amplifier and carries out preposition amplification, by main amplifier, pulse shaping circuit, pulse discriminator circuit and monostable oscillator, the formation rule pulse signal is transferred to central processing unit and counts, analyzes, handles.
The signal acquisition module circuit diagram as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5.
The charged particle that detector is collected forms feeble signal, enter charge amplifier, main amplifier and pulse shaping circuit, as Fig. 4, charge amplifier adopts chip LF356, be the high speed operation amplifier of a kind of JFET input, it is big that it has input impedance, and noise is low, advantages such as drift current is little, and can adjust offset voltage.According to the principle of charge amplifier as can be known, when amplifier had enough open-loop gains, when capacitor C 1 itself was constant, the charge amplifier output voltage was directly proportional with the output charge Q of flow gas proportional counter.U2A, U2B, U3A, U3B are integrated operational amplifier TL062, the output voltage pulse of charge amplifier is amplified through U2A, U2B two-stage, and after carrying out " smoothly " shaping with the shaping circuit team signal that U3A, U3B form, send into follow-up pulse discriminator circuit.
From the potential pulse of amplifying circuit output, its amplitude is not of a size, but obeys statistical law, shows on the pulse height, and is little when big when being exactly.The measurement of paired pulses amplitude generally all adopts pulse-amplitude discriminator to carry out, and sort circuit only allows the pulse of certain amplitude to pass through, and for back circuit record, its objective is and eliminates high energy or the interference of low energy noise to measuring.
As Fig. 5, L1A, L2B are comparer chip LM393.The voltage divider that R23 and R24 form is used to set upper threshold value VH, and the voltage divider that R26 and R27 form is used to set lower threshold value VL, and D4 is a benchmark voltage.Should be noted that the element of use will have good stable in order to make lower threshold value that identical temperature drift direction be arranged, is that resistance more than 5% reduces temperature coefficient etc. as adopting precision.
According to comparer principle and discriminator circuit, when input signal is lower than lower threshold value VL, the output high level of comparer L1A and L2B; When input signal amplitude is higher than discrimination threshold VH, the output low level of L1A and L2B; When input signal was higher than VL and is lower than VH, L1A exported high level, L2B output low level.
Can't realize the analysis of single-channel pulse amplitude according to above-mentioned discriminator circuit, can write down the pulse signal of a certain given threshold range better, need extract comparing output signal in order to make subsequent conditioning circuit.In the present invention, realize this part function with chip MC14538B, it is a kind of to be double precision, the monostable oscillator of the position of heavily triggering, reset.
The BA end of MC1453B is sent in the output pulse of upper threshold value discriminator, and the AB end of MC1453B is sent in the output pulse of lower threshold value discriminator.As can be seen from Figure 5, when input low level, the QA end is also exported the low level of a fixed width, and this pulse signal is sent into the reset terminal of L2B, has blocked from any status signal of input, makes the QB output terminal keep low level.Hence one can see that, has only when input signal to be between the lower threshold value, makes upper threshold value relatively be output as high level, lower threshold value relatively is output as low level, L2B is not reset, and L2B output QB is only the high level pulse of a fixed width, is admitted to central processing unit and counts.
3, central processing unit
Central processing unit has adopted μ PSD3234 single-chip microcomputer as the master control device, and it is that a kind of performance is powerful, and functional part is more complete, and memory capacity is big, has the on-chip system chip of internal USB interface features, can realize the major function of instrument requirement.The pin configuration of single-chip microcomputer as shown in Figure 6.The pin that has by self has been realized online programming download interface (JTAG), hardware reset button, liquid crystal display (LCD) interface, general-purpose interface (I
2C, SPI, USB etc.) and the external signal input end.
The pulse signal that signal acquisition module obtains enters single-chip microcomputer by monolithic counter T1 pin (the 42nd pin-Singnal IN), carry out timer counter by software control, the inside counting of unit of account time, according to preset parameters, calculate final surface contamination level, the result can be shown on the LCD, and can be stored in the single-chip microcomputer internal register, can read by USB interface and upload to PC.
The single-chip microcomputer that central processing unit adopts has high integrated advantage, integrated many peripheral hardware circuit, thus reduce the design and the configuration of peripheral circuit, reach the hardware cost and the volume weight that have reduced instrument.
Central processing unit has designed many external units to realize every intelligent functions, as button processing, LCD display device etc.
Wherein, the button treatment facility has adopted chip ZLG7290, has lowered design cost greatly, and has played hardware and eliminated key jitter, has improved the stability of system, makes instrument have advantages such as intellectuality, low cost.This chip is a kind of I2C interface keyboard and LED driven management device, and controls such as data decoding and circulation, displacement, segment addressing are provided.It can sample 64 buttons or sensor, single-chip microcomputer can finish that LED shows, the repertoire of keyboard interface.It passes through I
2The same microcontroller communication of C bus provides keyboard interrupt, and in the native system, the SDA of ZLG7290, SCL, INTO link to each other with P3.6, P3.7, the P3.2 of μ PSD3234 single-chip microcomputer respectively.
ZLG7290 has 8 position choosings and 8 sections to select pin, can connect 64 buttons, comprising 56 numerical keys and 8 function keys.The key assignments of 56 numerical keys is respectively 1 to 56.Effective actuation of keys (clicking of common key, double hit and function key state variation) all can make the KeyAvi position 1 of system register (SystemReg), and/INT leg signal is (becoming low level) effectively.User's keyboard handling procedure is by/INT pin low level down trigger, and the assurance system does not produce counting loss to the high count rate environment measurement time, make man-machine interface smooth and easy alternately simultaneously.Button treatment facility circuit as shown in Figure 7.
4, USB interface
General-purpose serial bus USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a kind of emerging computer external serial communication interface standard, it has overcome the defective of the serial/parallel mouth of traditional computer, have advantages such as hot plug, data transmission are reliable, expansion convenience, low cost, become one of interface of computing machine indispensability.USB interface is not only used as computer external interface now, also is widely used in the design of embedded system and Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system simultaneously, such as Centralized Monitoring, data acquisition system (DAS) etc.
μ PSD3234 becomes a USB interface at chip integration, and its supports the USB1.1 standard of low speed, supports the control transmission of end points 0 (endpoint0), and the interruption IN transmission of end points 1 (endpoint1), end points 2 (endpoint2).So, utilize the USB interface of μ PSD3234, design system to the system that supports USB interface, on hardware, no longer need to increase the interface device of USB.
Fig. 8 is usb circuit figure.The effect of pull-up resistor R16 is to draw on the usb data line D-, and indication equipment is the low-speed device of a USB.
Whole USB simplicity of design is distinct, lowers cost of hardware design greatly, improves design rate, shortens the design cycle, has reduced instrument cost and quick data transfering.
Software design
Software comprises PC end program and Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program: PC end program is based on the built-in function of WINDOWS operating system, develops less voluntarily; Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program is independent development, mainly comprises master routine and each subroutine, utilizes the C51 language development to go out to satisfy the data processing and the analytical applications software of basic function.
Its main program structure as shown in Figure 9.Step is as follows in carrying out measuring process:
1, do you judge that timer0_flag is 1?
Regularly interrupt flag bit is timer0_flag.When single-chip microcomputer carries out timer counter, need high precision time control, the accuracy of ability guarantor unit time inside counting.Single-chip microcomputer generally carries out timing by self built-in timer, when carrying out timing by timer, need set in advance the timer initial value, when timer carries out will producing interruption when timing arrives initial value according to the single-chip microcomputer clock frequency, interrupt flag bit is become 1, interrupt flag bit becomes 0, shows that timing does not arrive, and will proceed step-by-step counting.So, judge regularly interrupt flag bit is that timer0_flag can accurately judge regularly whether arrive.
2, regularly interrupt interrupt handling routine
Regularly interrupt, illustrate that the one-shot measurement process finishes.Single-chip microcomputer will change interrupt handling routine automatically over to, in order to realize the function of timer counter.In interrupt handling routine, at first regularly initial value is reset, and next judges whether to have measured the measurement number of times that sets in advance, if the both has satisfied and then entered next program.
3, recording impulse is counted program
In measuring process, need write down demonstration to the umber of pulse of counter records.The result that counter will write down posts with 16 mechanism and is stored in a register, this program function is the content that reads this register, and data-switching that will be wherein becomes the decimal system to be stored in the memory array according to address in the order of measuring number of times and the single-chip microcomputer, waits for that calculation procedure calls.
4, unit of account time average umber of pulse program
Process flow diagram such as Figure 10.The raw data that is used for calculating is stored in memory array through behind the said procedure, and Measuring Time, measurement number of times are the parameters that sets in advance, and are stored in the storer, only need they are got in the internal memory according to address read, and wait routine calls.
The addition algorithm program is that the data in the different pieces of information array in the internal memory are carried out sum operation by single-chip microcomputer, and the result is stored in the single-chip microcomputer internal memory.
The multiplication algorithm program is that measurement number of times and Measuring Time are multiplied each other, and the result is stored in the single-chip microcomputer internal memory.
The division algorithm program is that the result that addition algorithm program and multiplication algorithm program obtain is carried out division arithmetic in single-chip microcomputer, molecule is the result of addition algorithm program, denominator is the result of multiplication algorithm program, obtains unit interval average pulse number at last, is stored in the single-chip microcomputer internal memory.
5, read preset parameter program in the register, gauging surface soiling procedure
Process flow diagram such as Figure 11.The raw data that is used for calculating is through being stored in the unit interval average pulse number of internal memory behind the said procedure, instrument background, source efficiency, detection efficiency, detection area are the parameters that sets in advance, be stored in the storer, only need they are read in the internal memory according to memory address, wait routine calls.
The subtraction algorithm program is that unit interval average pulse number is deducted the instrument background, obtains measuring absolute counting, and promptly the actual pulse number of environment, instrument background is removed in the measuring point, can really embody surface contamination activity.
The multiplication algorithm program is that source efficiency, detection efficiency and detection area are multiplied each other, and the result is stored in the single-chip microcomputer internal memory.
The division algorithm program is that the result that subtraction algorithm program and multiplication algorithm program obtain is carried out division arithmetic in single-chip microcomputer, molecule is the result of subtraction algorithm program, denominator is the result of multiplication algorithm program, obtain at last on unit area with the average pulse number in the unit interval under the efficient, be used for presentation surface and pollute activity, be stored in the single-chip microcomputer internal memory.
6, saving result program
The result that this program is stored in the internal memory after mainly single-chip microcomputer being calculated is saved in the single-chip microcomputer internal register, can forever preserve, and outage can not lose data yet.
The built-in high-capacity FLASH storer of single-chip microcomputer can be stored measurement, analysis result.
7, by USB transmission object routine
Mainly the firmware program of USB device end is developed.It is a most important part in the whole USB interface program that firmware program is write, and is the soul of system.The quality of firmware program directly has influence on the performance and the quality of system.Only develop outstanding firmware program, could guarantee that system stability works efficiently.Primitive recursive function is responsible for the initialization of USB device and the execution work of user command; Standard commands request and manufacturer's requested part comprise the various characteristics description of USB device, and usb host is determined the identity of USB device by the information that reads this part, and are its configuration corresponding driving program; Interrupt service routine be responsible for differentiating order that main frame sends and data transmission in the impact damper to treat that primitive recursive function handles; Hardware extraction bottom program has comprised the most basic IO Command, sends or read different data again according to the requirement of different command.Therefore, every kind of order can be made function, realize each order with function, directly call function gets final product later on.
Claims (7)
1, tritium surface pollution monitor, comprise detector (1), signal acquisition module (2) and central processing unit (3), it is characterized in that detector (1) is the flow gas proportional counter, form by metal wire in metal cap negative pole (4) and the inner chamber (5) thereof or sheet positive pole (6), anodal (6) are connected with the output of high-pressure modular (7), anodal (6) are connected by the input of signal wire with signal acquisition module (2), inner chamber (5) has air admission hole (8) and venthole (9), and methane gas constantly enters inner chamber (5) and flows out from venthole from air admission hole during work.
2, monitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that positive pole (6) is the ring of smooth spun gold system, and the diameter of spun gold is 1mm.
3, monitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that high-pressure modular (7) is digital adjustable integrated package, and its adjustable voltage is 0-4500V.
4, monitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that signal acquisition module (2) field charge amplifier (10), main amplifier (11), pulse shaping circuit (12), pulse discriminator circuit (13), first, two monostable oscillators are formed, charge amplifier (10) is an integrated operational amplifier, its input connects the positive pole (6) of detector (1), its output connects the input of main amplifier (11), main amplifier (11) is the multipole integrated operational amplifier of series connection, its output connects the input of pulse shaping circuit (12), pulse shaping circuit (12) is made up of the multistage integrated operational amplifier of series connection, its output connects the input of pulse discriminator circuit (13), the pulse discriminator circuit is made up of comparer and voltage divider, its output is respectively with first, the input of the second monostable oscillator connects, the output terminal of the first monostable oscillator is connected with the reset terminal of the second monostable oscillator, and the output of the second monostable oscillator is connected with central processing unit (3).
5, monitor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that central processing unit (3) is single-chip microcomputer μ PSD3234, its T1 pin is connected with signal acquisition module (2), its P3.6, P3.7, P3.2 pin are connected with SDA, SCL, the INTO pin of button chip ZLG7290, single-chip microcomputer is connected with LCD LCD, is connected with PC by USB interface.
6, monitor according to claim 4, it is characterized in that charge amplifier (10) is chip LF356, the integrated operational amplifier of main amplifier (11), pulse shaping circuit (12) is chip TL062, the comparer of pulse discriminator circuit (13) is chip LM393, and first, second monostable oscillator is chip MC1458B.
7, the tritium surface pollution monitoring method comprises the steps:
(1) preset measuring time, measure number of times, instrument background, source efficiency, detection efficiency, detection area in the central processing unit register,
(2) with the gas outlet of the detector of monitor facing to the surface of measured object, open detector, the timer initial value is set, the timer of central processing unit begins timer counter,
(3) timer carries out timing according to the central processing unit clock frequency, will produce interruption when arriving initial value, and interrupt flag bit is 1, and timer judges whether interrupt flag bit is 0, if, continue step-by-step counting, be stored in the register, be 1 up to interrupt flag bit,
(4) regularly interrupt, regularly initial value redesign of timer, and judge whether to have measured the measurement number of times that sets in advance, if not, then continue step (3), if then enter next step,
(5) read the umber of pulse that records in the register, convert the decimal system to and be stored in the memory array according to address in the order of measuring number of times and the register,
(6) with the Measuring Time that presets in the storer, measure number of times, get in the internal memory according to address read, the pulse data in the different arrays in the internal memory is carried out sum operation by central processing unit, preserve umber of pulse and deposit in the central processing unit internal memory,
(7) will measure number of times and Measuring Time multiplies each other, T.T. number deposit in the central processing unit internal memory,
(8) with the overall pulse number divided by T.T. numerical value get unit interval average pulse number, deposit in the central processing unit internal memory,
(9) read preset parameter in the register, unit interval average pulse number deducted the instrument background, must measure absolute counting,
(10) with source efficiency, detection efficiency and detection area multiply each other, and the result is deposited in internal memory,
(11) will measure absolute counting divided by the result in the step (10), get tritium surface pollution activity, be stored in the register.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101149438B (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2010-10-13 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Tritium-measuring method and equipment |
| CN103033838A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-04-10 | 成都理工大学 | Gaseous tritium activity measuring device |
| CN103308935B (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2015-12-02 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | The electronic system of portable low power-consumption tissue-equivalent proportional counter |
| CN106842274B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2024-01-19 | 成都理工大学 | Alpha/beta surface pollution array detector and detection system |
| CN107144869A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-09-08 | 中广核久源（成都）科技有限公司 | A kind of tritium surface contamination survey meter |
| CN111880212B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2023-03-14 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Surface tritium concentration detector |
| CN111999756A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-27 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Full-automatic tritium surface pollution patrol detection system and application method |
| CN112068184B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-04-15 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Device and method for directly measuring efficiency of radioactive source |
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