CN100443597C - Hardening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel laser surface - Google Patents
Hardening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel laser surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN100443597C CN100443597C CNB2006100469467A CN200610046946A CN100443597C CN 100443597 C CN100443597 C CN 100443597C CN B2006100469467 A CNB2006100469467 A CN B2006100469467A CN 200610046946 A CN200610046946 A CN 200610046946A CN 100443597 C CN100443597 C CN 100443597C
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000931526 Acer campestre Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
In the invention, a specific wave-length laser is used for scanning radiation on the surface of the precipitation hardening stainless steel within a certain condition, so, making the surface of said steel to smelt. Low temperature shield gas is used for being cover onto the scanned area, for speeding-up the cooling. After that, the steel is subjected to heat treatment, so the hardness of the surface in a certain thickness is harder than that of the main body of the steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the metallic surface hardening technique, be specially a kind of precipitate hardened stainless steel face laser hardening technology, the surface hardening that is applicable to the 17-4PH PH Stainless Steel is strengthened, and also is applicable to the similarly raising of the surface hardness under the chemical constitution permanence condition of other and 17-4PH PH Stainless Steel.
Background technology
PH Stainless Steel, compare with common Martensite Stainless Steel, have higher strength and toughness, better weldability, cold-workability and solidity to corrosion, be widely used in being produced on the key components and parts that bears under the chemical corrosion environment than heavy load or shock load for this reason, yet because the precipitation hardening hardness level of this type of steel just contradicts with the toughness of steel, therefore, adopt common solid solution-aging precipitation method for curing to be difficult to obtain the part that strength and toughness is good, hardness is high again for this type of steel.Improve this steel surface hardness (being wear resistance) such as coating process such as nitrogenize, spraying built-up welding at present and adopt, can cause the solidity to corrosion of this type of steel and toughness obviously to reduce again, also can cause galvanic corrosion between coating and the base material.For example, the driving mechanism assembly of command bundle rods for nuclear reactors adopts the 17-4PH steel that the chemical property of satisfied anti-this kind environmental attack is not only arranged, and also can obtain satisfied shock resistance simultaneously.Yet the collision friction that is in contact with one another between the driven unit damages, and needs piece surface hardness ratio base material higher, obtains high wear resisting property thus.
This class PH Stainless Steel part surface hardness of 17-4PH is improved, adopt normally that nitrogenize, nitrogen are ion implantation, spraying and deposited coated with wear-resisting alloy, but sprayed coating easily peels off, ion implantation only several microns, too thin, need vacuum condition; Deposited coating comprises the built-up welding coating that adopts laser beam, electron beam, ionic fluid and various arc effect thermals source, all can form certain softened zone on base material.The existence of coating and softened zone reduces the intensity of workpiece, toughness, simultaneously, can make workpiece in containing boron ionic high-temperature water galvanic corrosion take place.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of at precipitate hardened stainless steel face hardened laser processing.Adopt the laser surface rapidly solidification, from quenching technology, utilize the characteristics of laser rapid heating, molten bath rapid solidification, can material surface form oversaturated sosoloid and subsequently the auxiliary heat treating processes in precipitation separate out second phase, even dispersion distributes, thereby improves the surface hardness of material.Deformation when the invention solves nitriding treatment, change the perishable problem such as peel off of material surface chemical ingredients, hardened layer, realized the degree of depth and the hardness may command of laser surface hardening layer simultaneously.
Main technical schemes of the present invention is: the surface of cleaning PH Stainless Steel earlier; and it is carried out constant temperature handle; after waiting to reach the temperature of design; select a kind of light beam of hot spot to carry out laser treatment according to the treat surface geometrical configuration; treat surface is melted fast; cover the lasing district with low-temperature protection gas simultaneously, improve lasing district solidification rate, the thermal treatment that the consolidation district is carried out subsequently.
It is steel to be inserted in the common thermostat can reach constant temperature more than 0.5 hour that described constant temperature is handled, and the temperature that constant temperature is handled is a certain temperature in 25 ℃～-40 ℃.
The processing parameter of laser treatment is as follows:
During laser continuous irradiation, luminous power 〉=500W, power density 〉=10
4W/cm
2, sweep velocity 〉=3m/min, amount of lap 30～70%, irradiation hot spot Φ 0.5mm～Φ 3.0mm;
During laser pulse irradiation, pulse energy 5J～70J, pulse-repetition 1Hz～1000Hz, pulsewidth 0.2ms～20ms, amount of lap 30～70%, irradiation hot spot Φ 0.5mm～Φ 3.0mm;
During enforcement, should be optimized collocation to the parameter of above scope according to kind, the workpiece size of precipitation hardening steel.
Described shielding gas is: nitrogen or argon gas, helium or carbonic acid gas, gas temperature are 25 ℃～-40 ℃, to improve the speed of cooling in lasing district.
Described thermal treatment: temperature is 200 ℃～680 ℃, and soaking time is 30min～6 hour, air cooling.
Described optical maser wavelength 1.06 μ m or 10.6 μ m..
Described PH Stainless Steel especially refers to 17-4PH.
By the 17-4PH steel that above method is handled, can reach following concrete technical indicator: the cementation zone average hardness can reach HV350～HV650, case depth 〉=0.15mm, and workpiece surface can be realized full surface hardening.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts the laser of a certain specific wavelength, in certain environment the precipitate hardened stainless steel face is carried out scanning and irradiation, heat-treats at a certain temperature then, can obtain the hardened layer of certain thickness hardness apparently higher than matrix.This hardening process method is simple, and the upper layer chemical constitution does not change, and the erosion resistance of hardened layer and body material is the same, and the mechanical property of body material does not change.This processing method is used on nuclear reactor structure spare, the intensity of workpiece and good toughness, and abrasion-resistant surface performance height.Compare with traditional surfaces nitrided hardening process, the present invention does not have disbonding, and no galvanic corrosion has much higher wear-corrosion resistance
Problems such as deformation when 2, the invention solves precipitate hardened stainless steel face nitriding treatment, hardness is high by 20～30% than nitriding treatment, and simultaneously, the cementation zone metallurgical binding is not peeled off, environmental corrosion resisting performance height.In addition, hardening treatment is convenient, by data programing, can also realize the automatic processing of workpiece
3, the present invention selects a kind of light beam of hot spot to carry out laser treatment according to the treat surface geometrical configuration; make the treat surface rapidly solidification; cover the lasing district with low-temperature protection gas; control lasing district's consolidation speed; the softened zone be can on base material, not form, thereby intensity, the toughness of workpiece can not be reduced.
4, the present invention separates out second phase by auxiliary heat treatment precipitation, and even dispersion distributes, thereby improves the surface hardness of material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the back Hardness Distribution is handled in 17-4PH steel laser continuous irradiation surface hardening.
Fig. 2 is a Hardness Distribution after the 17-4PH steel laser pulse irradiation surface hardening treatment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment carries out laser hardening to the 17-4PH steel to be handled; clean the surface of PH Stainless Steel earlier; and it is carried out constant temperature handle; after waiting to reach the temperature of design; select a kind of light beam of hot spot to carry out laser treatment according to the treat surface geometrical configuration, make surperficial rapidly solidification, cover the lasing district with low-temperature protection gas simultaneously; control lasing district's consolidation speed, the thermal treatment that the consolidation district is carried out subsequently.
1, surface, clean district: with degreasings such as acetone, alcohol or rosin;
2, workpiece constant temperature is handled: 20 ℃ of temperature, soaking time 0.5 hour;
3, laser treatment: laser continuous irradiation, luminous power 500W, power density 10
4W/cm
2, sweep velocity 3m/min; Hot spot Φ 1.5mm, 50%, 0 ℃ of argon shield of amount of lap;
4, auxiliary heat is handled: 360 ℃ of temperature, and soaking time 1 hour, air cooling, precipitation is separated out even dispersion distribution ε-Cu phase;
As shown in Figure 1, the microhardness of workpiece surface laser treated region can reach HV400, and the present embodiment case depth is 0.2mm.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment carries out laser hardening to the 17-4PH steel to be handled, and difference from Example 1 is:
1, workpiece constant temperature is handled: 0 ℃ of temperature, soaking time 8 hours;
2, laser treatment: laser pulse irradiation, pulse energy 30J, pulse-repetition 30Hz, pulsewidth 1ms, amount of lap 40%, irradiation hot spot Φ 2mm; 4 ℃ of argon shields;
3, auxiliary heat is handled: 600 ℃ of temperature, and soaking time 4 hours, air cooling, precipitation is separated out even dispersion distribution ε-Cu phase;
As shown in Figure 2, the microhardness of workpiece surface laser treated region can reach HV470, and the present embodiment case depth is 0.4mm.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of hardening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel laser surface is characterized in that processing step is as follows: cleaning 17-4PH PH Stainless Steel needs the treatment zone surface, and it is carried out constant temperature handle, and the temperature that constant temperature is handled is 25 ℃～-40 ℃; Select a kind of light beam of hot spot to carry out laser treatment according to need treatment zone surface geometry configuration, making needs the treatment zone surface melting, cover with shielding gas simultaneously and need treatment zone, the thermal treatment that the need treatment zone of consolidation is carried out subsequently, thermal treatment temp is 200 ℃～680 ℃, soaking time is 30min～6 hour, air cooling; Need treatment zone surface microhardness through above-mentioned processing reaches HV350～HV650;
Described laser treatment is laser continuous irradiation or laser pulse irradiation, and processing parameter is as follows:
During laser continuous irradiation, luminous power 〉=500W, power density 〉=10
4W/cm
2, sweep velocity 〉=3m/min, amount of lap 30～70%, irradiation hot spot Ф 0.5mm～Ф 3.0mm;
During laser pulse irradiation, pulse energy 5J～70J, pulse-repetition 1Hz～1000Hz, pulsewidth 0.2ms～20ms, amount of lap 30～70%, irradiation hot spot Ф O.5mm～Ф 3.Omm;
Optical maser wavelength is 1.06 μ m or 10.6 μ m.
2, hardening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel laser surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that it is that the 17-4PH PH Stainless Steel was inserted in the thermostat more than 0.5 hour that described constant temperature is handled.
3, hardening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel laser surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the shielding gas of laser treatment is a cryogenic gas, and cryogenic gas is CO
2, N
2Or rare gas element, improving speed of cooling by using cryogenic gas, the temperature range of cryogenic gas is 25 ℃～-40 ℃.
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| CNB2006100469467A CN100443597C (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2006-06-16 | Hardening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel laser surface |
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| CNB2006100469467A CN100443597C (en) | 2006-06-16 | 2006-06-16 | Hardening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel laser surface |
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| CN101089201A CN101089201A (en) | 2007-12-19 |
| CN100443597C true CN100443597C (en) | 2008-12-17 |
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Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI547366B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2016-09-01 | 富智康（香港）有限公司 | A coated article with hard coating |
| RU2734826C1 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-23 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) | Method of laser processing of parts of rotation bodies from tool steels |
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| CN101956198B (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-02-29 | 姚建华 | Surface composite strengthening technology for precipitation hardening stainless steel and precipitation hardening stainless steel material |
| CN102168254A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-08-31 | 武汉科技大学 | Surface hardening method for martensite stainless steel |
| CN102560054A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-07-11 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Laser heat treatment strengthening process |
| CN103074473A (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-05-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Preparation of high-performance alloy steel |
| CN106148644B (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2020-10-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Short pulse laser metal surface hardening method |
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| CN111500831A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-07 | 山东建筑大学 | Heat treatment process of 17-4PH base |
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| US5411770A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1995-05-02 | National Science Council | Method of surface modification of stainless steel |
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| CN1603425A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Metal laser deep-layer quenching process |
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2006
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6371508A (en) * | 1986-09-12 | 1988-03-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Manufacture of poppet valve |
| US5411770A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1995-05-02 | National Science Council | Method of surface modification of stainless steel |
| CN1297061A (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-05-30 | 广州市光通技术有限公司 | Laser technology for treating surface of cold hard roller, nodular iron casting or gray casting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI547366B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2016-09-01 | 富智康（香港）有限公司 | A coated article with hard coating |
| RU2734826C1 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2020-10-23 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Нижегородский государственный технический университет им. Р.Е. Алексеева" (НГТУ) | Method of laser processing of parts of rotation bodies from tool steels |
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