CN100442065C - Synthetic insulator on-line detector based on pulse current method - Google Patents
Synthetic insulator on-line detector based on pulse current method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100442065C CN100442065C CNB2005100961300A CN200510096130A CN100442065C CN 100442065 C CN100442065 C CN 100442065C CN B2005100961300 A CNB2005100961300 A CN B2005100961300A CN 200510096130 A CN200510096130 A CN 200510096130A CN 100442065 C CN100442065 C CN 100442065C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an on-line test meter of a composite insulator based on a pulse current method, which has the technical scheme thatA annular wideband sensor with a current is sheathed on a grounding wire of the pole tower of a high-voltage transmission line, and current signals of a partial discharge pulse of a composite insulator can be obtained, can be transmitted into a filter, are converted into digital signals through an amplifier and a data collection card, are loaded into a computer, and then are counted. A leakage current passing away a grounding wire passes through a sampling resistor for the extraction and then is loaded into a signal adaptor by a work-frequency signal transmission line, a square signal synchronous with the work-frequency current is generated so as to trigger the data collection card, the start time for collecting pulse current signals is controlled, and the accurate phase reference is provided for the collected data. After passing through the computer analysis, the pulse current signals can be used for judging an operation state of the insulator; the present invention has the characteristics of simple and safe operation, simple structure, small size and low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pick-up unit of the composite insulator on a kind of charged detection ultra-high-tension power transmission line, be used for the operation conditions of ground detection composite insulator, particularly based on the composite insulator on-line detector of pulse current method.
Prior art
Be used for the following several method of mainly containing of the online detection of composite insulator at present:
1. observation: the most commonly used, observe under tower with binoculars and can find common surface imperfection, comprise that the insulation full skirt weathers, roughening, groove and vestige that outer covering layer corrodes, insulation full skirt flashover, full skirt or outer covering layer cracking, the outer covering layer fragmentation, plug exposes etc., but ground observation is reliable inadequately, also will step on tower and detect and be difficult to find interior insulation fault.
2. ultraviolet imagery method: the shelf depreciation that is used to detect insulator surface.Small but stable surface local discharge can cause the insulator outer covering layer seriously to corrode, and these electric discharge phenomena can observe by night-vision devices.Shelf depreciation just in time takes place in the weak point of this method when being requirement night time operation and detection.
3. infrared measurement of temperature method: detect shelf depreciation, the dielectric loss when leakage current flows through megohmite insulant or ohmic loss etc. and cause that the insulator local temperature raises, can be used for ground detection, but instrument is complicated and be subject to the influence that sunlight, strong wind, moisture, environment temperature and some can cause insulator surface temperature factor jumpy (as fitful wind, the objective factors such as cloud of waving).
4. sonic method: detect the sound wave that the insulator shelf depreciation is sent, sensitivity is lower than the infrared imaging method.Corona often took place in the high-pressure side gold utensil when difficult point was to survey, and the background noise of generation can flood the sound wave that the insulator defective is sent.
5. electric field measurement method: North China Electric Power University has succeeded in developing the DL-1 type composite insulator detector based on the electric field measurement method.This detector comprises the probe of measuring electric field and using, carriage, insulating bar and the data presentation system etc. that probe is installed.Have in the probe circuit such as electric field measurement, data acquisition, data storage and with the RS232 interface of microcomputer communication, the circuit of LED of record umbrella sheet position.To pop one's head in insulating bar during detection slidably reciprocates a week along insulator, deposits insulator axial electric field numerical value in the probe storer, imports computing machine into through the RS232 interface, make the Electric Field Distribution curve and judge according to its shape in insulation defect.
The characteristics that the voltage distribution detects are intuitively, can accurately judge the insulator changes of properties.Measuring method has been eliminated shortcomings such as the accuracy of former measuring method is not high, reading difficulty, though developed self-crawling type insulator detector, alleviated site operation personnel's labour intensity relatively, but each measurement must be ascended a height and just can be finished, and labor intensity of operating personnel is still big, job security is relatively poor.
Infrared measurement of temperature method, ultraviolet imaging method and sonic method are to the environmental requirement height in the prior art, and measuring accuracy is subjected to environmental factor easily and disturbs, and the equipment price costliness.Observation and electric field measurement method are if realize accurately measuring and need staff's operation of ascending a height, and labor intensity of operating staff is big, poor stability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of composite insulator on-line detector based on pulse current method, need not rod-rising tower and just can realize the ground detection composite insulator, measurement result is accurate, reduced staff's labour intensity, handling safety, and cost is low, is not subject to disturb.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that and the present invention includes annular wide band flow sensor and sampling resistor, annular wide band flow sensor is inserted in the tower grounding lead-in wire and is taken out pulsed current signal, through Hi-pass filter filtering invalid detection frequency band, by radio-frequency amplifier useful signal is amplified, signal after the amplification is input to the data collecting card pulse signals and samples, and sampled data enters computing machine by the usb data transmission line; Extract the leakage current that flows through ground wire by sampling resistor, the leakage current signal input amplifier amplifies, its signal outputs to bandpass filter, filtered signal is input to phase-shift circuit and carries out the phase place adjustment, form square-wave signal by square wave conversion circuit then, square-wave signal is delivered to the external trigger port of data collecting card.
Described annular wide band flow sensor adopts the Rogowski coil structure, coiling copper conductor on NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic core, NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic core outside is added with the copper shield shell, the outlet termination integrating resistor of copper conductor is drawn out to outside the copper shield shell by bnc connector Q9 head then, one screw rod passes annular wide band flow sensor geometric center, has megohmite insulant to isolate between copper shield shell and the screw rod.
Be connected by the power frequency component transmission line between sampling resistor and the amplifier, the power frequency component transmission line is a concentric cable, concentric cable passes two annular NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic cores that stack, and winding four circles form a filter inductance on its NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic core, cable one end interface is a bnc connector Q9 head, other end heart yearn and grounded shield line connect a crocodile clip respectively, and two crocodile clips are linked to each other by sampling resistor.
Described data collecting card is parallel mode hyperchannel A/D collector USB-12406.
Use the present invention can realize the composite insulator on the charged high-tension transmission circuit is carried out ground detection.This composite insulator on-line measuring device outward appearance volume is less, on-the-spot simple installation; Adopt ups power, field survey is convenient in can be stable power 6-7 hour for data collecting card.During measurement, data link to each other with computing machine by the USB transmission line, can acquisition pulse current data as much as possible, and be saved in the hard disk of computing machine, form effective criterion by a large amount of statistical study, so measuring accuracy height, diagnosis effect are good.Because this cover acquisition system is to realize detection to composite insulator by the signal of measurement ground lead, has avoided operating personnel's the operation of ascending a height, and has guaranteed the safety of testing crew.The present invention is simple in structure, and volume is little, and the circuit that is adopted is the normal conventional circuit, and cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an annular wide band flow sensor synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a power frequency component schematic diagram of transmission lines of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made up of annular wide band flow sensor 1, signal adapter 2, data collecting card 3, computing machine 4, power frequency component transmission line 12 and usb data transmission line 13.Signal adapter 2 is made up of Hi-pass filter 5, radio-frequency amplifier 6, amplifier 7, bandpass filter 8, phase-shift circuit 9, square wave conversion circuit 10.
Wide band flow sensor 1 adopts the Rogowski coil structure, and magnetic core adopts annular NiZn ferrite, during measurement screw rod 16 serial connections is gone into the tower grounding line.Pulse current method detection system utilization annular wide band flow sensor 1 is inserted in tower grounding lead-in wire taking-up office and is put pulsed current signal, through Hi-pass filter 5 filtering invalid detection frequency bands, amplify by 6 pairs of useful signals of radio-frequency amplifier, be input to data collecting card 3 pulse signals through pretreated signal by concentric cable and sample, data enter computing machine 4 by usb data transmission line 13.The leakage current that flows through ground wire extracts by sampling resistor 11, amplify by power frequency component transmission line 12 input amplifiers 7, output to bandpass filter 8 then, filtered signal is input to phase-shift circuit 9 and carries out the phase place adjustment, form one by square wave conversion circuit 10 then and deliver to the external trigger port of data collecting card 3 with the synchronous square-wave signal of power current, the zero-time of control data capture card acquisition pulse current signal, for the data that collect provide a phase reference accurately, thereby the phase place that can realize pulse is added up.Because power frequency component can produce phase shift during by bandpass filter 8, for addressing this problem, the present invention has designed the phase deviation that phase-shift circuit 9 comes the compensating band bandpass filter to cause in the bandpass filter back.The pulsed current signal data enter computing machine at last, by COMPUTER CALCULATION and add up a current impulse generation amplitude and a phase place in the power frequency period, by repeatedly gathering, obtain pulse (amplitude surpasses a certain size) frequency, the distribution situation of amplitude on phase place with statistic law, form the situation of the pattern of insulator pulse current thus in order to online detection composite insulator.
With reference to shown in Figure 2, the pulsed current signal that obtains on the tower grounding line by ring current sensor 1 is sent to Hi-pass filter 5, and what Hi-pass filter 5 adopted is six rank Butterworth filters, has three second-order filter joints to be in series.Radio-frequency amplifier 6 is received in the output of Hi-pass filter 5, and radio-frequency amplifier 6 is connected by two homophase input proportional amplifiers and realized that final signal outputs to data collecting card 3.The leakage current signal that flows through the tower grounding line extracts by sampling resistor 11 sends into amplifier 7, and this amplifier 7 is connected by two homophase input proportional amplifiers and realized; Send into bandpass filter 8 through amplifying signal and carry out filtering and obtain power frequency component, the bandpass filter that bandpass filter 8 selects for use the twin-T network of high Q value to constitute; The later signal of filtering is sent into phase-shift circuit 9 and is carried out phase correction, and phase-shift circuit 9 is an all-pass wave filtering circuit, can regulate the phase shift size by regulator potentiometer; Signal enters the square wave dress and changes circuit 10 formation square waves then, and square wave conversion circuit 10 is the homophase zero-crossing comparator, and LM361 realizes with the high-speed comparator chip; The gained square-wave signal is delivered to the external trigger port of data collecting card 3.
With reference to shown in Figure 3, annular wide band flow sensor 1 adopts the Rogowski coil structure, annular magnetic 14 material selection NiZn ferrites, copper conductor 8 is on NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic core, the magnetic core outside that is wound with coil is added with copper shield shell 15, the outlet termination integrating resistor 19 of copper conductor 8, be drawn out to outside the copper shield shell 15 by bnc connector (Q9 head) then, one screw rod 16 passes the geometric center of annular wide band flow sensor 1, there is megohmite insulant 17 to isolate between copper shield shell 15 and the screw rod 16, during use screw rod 16 serial connections gone into the tower grounding line.
With reference to shown in Figure 4, power frequency component transmission line 12 comprises concentric cable 20, this concentric cable passes two NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic cores 14 that stack in the middle, and winding four circles form a filter inductance on its ring body, cable one end interface is bnc connector Q9 23, other end heart yearn and grounded shield line connect a crocodile clip 22 respectively, and two crocodile clips 22 are linked to each other by sampling resistor 11.
Principle of work of the present invention is: composite insulator is when bearing the power frequency high voltage, if there are longitudinal crack in the small clearance of plug of junction, metal termination, impurity or be damaged when press-fiting gold utensil in the plug end; Or sheath and plug are bonding not firm, and the slit appears in the interface.If the termination is poorly sealed, the slit sucks moisture and forms conductor or channel semiconductor.Again because the design feature of composite insulator, very concentrated in two metal end electric field intensity, average frequency field intensity generally reaches 10kV/cm, when the conduction of making moist defective is guided noble potential into the place ahead, field intensity is higher at the most advanced and sophisticated place of defective, so that cause most advanced and sophisticated place shelf depreciation takes place, and can produce pulse current, this electric current flows through the tower grounding line, therefore can obtain this pulsed current signal from ground wire.The electric branch passage that synthetic material is progressively corroded and form carbonization under long-term power-frequency voltage makes the electric conductivity slit progressively extend the formation deterioration, make the shelf depreciation aggravation, thereby the pulse current that causes flowing through composite insulator strengthens, the features such as number, intensity and PHASE DISTRIBUTION of the current impulse that record from ground wire this moment are different when not having deterioration with composite insulator, can detect the situation of composite insulator by adding up these characteristic quantities.
The pulse current method detection system utilizes the wide band flow sensor to be inserted in the pulsed current signal that the tower grounding lead-in wire takes out composite insulator, through Hi-pass filter filtering invalid detection frequency band, useful signal is amplified.Gather through the acquisition system pulse signals that pretreated pulsed current signal is formed by data collecting card 3 and computing machine, add up the amplitude and the phase place of the pulse generation in the power frequency period.By repeatedly gathering, obtain number of times, amplitude and the distribution situation on phase place that pulse (amplitude surpasses a certain size) takes place with statistic law, and then obtain pulse
Spectrogram comes the composite insulator operation conditions is made judgement in view of the above.
The circuit that the present invention surveyed comprises: drags for the black 63# that reaches the standard grade, drags for the black 62# that reaches the standard grade, drags for middle continent 32#, and bulky red double loop 24#, Sha Li 1,2 loop 58#, bulky kiln steel wire 3#, table 1 provides the measurement data of each shaft tower insulator parameter, put into operation time and each circuit.Gather the signal of 100 power frequency periods.
Table 1 shaft tower data and experimental data
From the data of table 1 as can be seen, the average office of the composite insulator of each shaft tower puts the pulsed discharge amount and differs and be not very big, and it is all very smaller, the average pulse discharge capacity is between 0.2~0.4mV, but be bigger under the individual cases, as drag for black 62# and the bulky kiln steel wire 3# maximum pd quantity of reaching the standard grade and reach 0.709mV and 1.29mV respectively.But the discharge times of each shaft tower differs greatly, and the average discharge stream pulse number of composite insulator that drag for the black 63# that reaches the standard grade, drags for the black several shaft towers such as 62#, bulky red double loop 24# of reaching the standard grade is all fewer, has only maximum four times only 1-2 time.The maximum discharge time of composite insulator reaches 21 times on husky multitude's 1,2 loop 58# towers, but average discharge time is very little of 5.Can conclude that with regard to present data accumulation situation the insulator on these several shaft towers is normal insulation.
And for the insulator on continent 32#, two shaft towers of bulky kiln steel wire 3# in dragging for, the average current pulse number is more relatively, the most mostly reach 100 times promptly in certain phase window each cycle all have pulse to produce, and maximum pd quantity is relatively large.To the insulator measurement result on continent 32#, two shaft towers of bulky kiln steel wire 3# in dragging for different be drag in continent 32# to go up the number of times that the big pulse of insulator amplitude occurs more, and the pulse occurrence number that the pulse current amplitude of insulator is big on the bulky kiln steel wire 3# is more, and discharge capacity mainly concentrates on below the 0.1mV.Insulator measurement result from drag on the continent 32# shaft tower finds that the position of pulse generation all concentrates near 0 °-45 °, 180 °-220 ° and 360 °; The insulator measurement result pulse that amplitude is bigger as can be seen from bulky kiln steel wire 3# shaft tower appears at 180 °-240 °.Longer by the insulator of analyzing on these two shaft towers of decidable because of working time, there is potential faults.
Claims (2)
1. composite insulator on-line detector based on pulse current method, comprise annular wide band flow sensor (1) and sampling resistor (11), it is characterized in that: annular wide band flow sensor (1) is inserted in the tower grounding lead-in wire and is taken out pulsed current signal, through Hi-pass filter (5) filtering invalid detection frequency band, by radio-frequency amplifier (6) useful signal is amplified, signal after the amplification is input to data collecting card (3) pulse signals and samples, and sampled data enters computing machine (4) by usb data transmission line (13); Extract the leakage current that flows through ground wire by sampling resistor (11), leakage current signal input amplifier (7) amplifies, its signal outputs to bandpass filter (8), filtered signal is input to phase-shift circuit (9) and carries out the phase place adjustment, form square-wave signal by square wave conversion circuit (10) then, square-wave signal is delivered to the external trigger port of data collecting card (3), described annular wide band flow sensor (1) adopts the Rogowski coil structure, go up coiling copper conductor (18) at NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic core (14), NiZn ferrite toroidal magnetic core (14) outside is added with copper shield shell (15), the outlet termination integrating resistor (19) of copper conductor (18) is drawn out to outside the copper shield shell (15) by bnc connector Q9 head (22) then, one screw rod (16) passes annular wide band flow sensor (1) geometric center, has megohmite insulant (17) to isolate between copper shield shell (15) and the screw rod (16).
2. according to claims 1 described composite insulator on-line detector, it is characterized in that described data collecting card (3) is parallel mode hyperchannel A/D collector USB-12406 based on pulse current method.
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