CN100441448C - Method and structure for protecting occupant - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for protecting an occupant seated on a seat of a vehicle in a side collision of the vehicle is disclosed. In the method, the lumbar region of the occupant is retained in a section that corresponds to the pelvis rearward of the acetabulum in the skeletal structure of the occupant by using an impact absorbing member. Specifically, the lumbar region of the occupant is retained in a section that corresponds to an ilium in the skeletal structure of the occupant. In a side collision of the vehicle, the impact absorbing member initially contacts the lumbar region in a section corresponding to the ilium.

Description

Be used to protect occupant's method and structure

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method and structure, be used for when side collision takes place, protecting effectively the occupant on seat.

Background technology

As in the method that is used to protect the occupant on seat during the side collision, known a kind of method is wherein used the side air bag device that discloses among the Japanese patent gazette No.2003-335210.This device is configured to the side of protection occupant when the side collision of vehicle takes place.

Summary of the invention

The strategy that the inventor sets up is different from the passenger protection of realizing by side air bag device in the above-mentioned patent disclosure, and in-depth study is used to protect occupant's method by persistence.The inventor has carried out multiple in the emulation that is seated at the passenger protection on the seat during the side collision, is primarily focused on simultaneously on occupant's the skeletal structure.As a result, the inventor finds can protect the occupant most effectively by near the waist of pelvis rear portion occupant restraint ilium.Based on these discoveries, the contriver has realized the present invention.

Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method and structure that is used to protect the occupant,, protect the occupant effectively by the waist of occupant restraint suitably.

To achieve these goals, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method that is used for sitting in the side collision protection of vehicle the occupant on the seat.This method comprises: with occupant's skeletal structure in the corresponding position of pelvis at acetabular bone rear, the waist of occupant restraint.Especially, preferably, with occupant's skeletal structure in the corresponding position of ilium, the waist of occupant restraint.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of structure that is used for sitting in the side collision protection of vehicle the occupant on the seat.This structure comprises: be positioned at crew department's impact absorption part, be used to retrain occupant's on the seat the waist of taking one's seat.Be arranged in such a way the impact absorption part, make it in the side collision of vehicle, with the cooresponding position of the pelvis at acetabular bone rear in contact waist.Especially, preferably, be arranged in such a way the impact absorption part, make it in the side collision of vehicle, with the cooresponding position of ilium in contact waist.

Through the explanation of principle of the invention example, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, according to following description, other aspects of the present invention and advantage will be more clear.

Description of drawings

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by the description with reference to following preferred implementation, the present invention may be better understood and purpose and advantage, wherein

Fig. 1 is the front elevation that is shown in the skeleton structure in the zone that comprises pelvis;

Fig. 2 A is the rear shaft side figure that is shown in the skeleton structure in the zone that comprises pelvis;

Fig. 2 B is the shaft side figure similar to Fig. 2 A, and therein, ILR turns round forward around articulatio sacroiliaca;

Fig. 3 is the cutaway view that is used to illustrate an aspect of first embodiment, and roughly diagram sits in the waist of the occupant on the seat;

Fig. 4 A is shown in the emulation of the load that is applied to the occupant on the seat that takes one's seat and occupant's skeletal structure relation, when identical load being applied to forepelvis (pubis) with pelvis rear portion (rumpbone), and the time history plot of loading;

Fig. 4 B is the stress time history plot that produces in pelvis in applying the emulation of loading shown in Fig. 4 A;

Fig. 5 A is that the occupant sits in the lateral plan on the seat, is used to illustrate an aspect of first embodiment;

Fig. 5 B is the cutaway view along the line 5B-5B among Fig. 5 A;

Fig. 6 A is the cutaway view that sits in the occupant's waist on the seat, is used to illustrate another aspect of first embodiment;

Fig. 6 B is the cutaway view that sits in the occupant's waist on the seat, is used to illustrate another aspect of first embodiment;

Fig. 7 is the lateral plan that diagram sits in the occupant on the seat, is used to illustrate second embodiment;

Fig. 8 A is the cutaway view of diagram air bag before launching;

Fig. 8 B is the cutaway view of diagram air bag after launching;

Fig. 9 is that diagram is according to the seat of the 3rd embodiment and the lateral plan of airbag apparatus;

Figure 10 is that diagram is according to the seat back frame of the 3rd embodiment and the shaft side figure of airbag apparatus;

Figure 11 is air bag the shaft side figure when expanding of diagram according to the 3rd embodiment;

Figure 12 is that diagram is according to the seat of the 4th embodiment and the shaft side figure of airbag apparatus;

Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B are the cutaway view of diagram according to the airbag apparatus of four embodiment of the invention.

Figure 14 is air bag the shaft side figure when expanding of diagram according to the 5th embodiment;

Figure 15 A is air bag the general profile chart before expansion of diagram according to the 6th embodiment;

Figure 15 B is air bag the general profile chart when expanding of diagram according to the 6th embodiment;

Figure 15 C is the enlarged drawing of fanning strip shown in the presentation graphs 15A;

Figure 16 is the lateral plan of diagram according to the airbag apparatus of the 7th embodiment;

Figure 17 A is air bag the cutaway view before expansion of diagram according to the 7th embodiment; And

Figure 17 B is air bag the cutaway view expansion after of diagram according to the 7th embodiment.

The specific embodiment

(first embodiment)

With reference to the accompanying drawings, description is according to the method and structure that is used to protect the occupant of first embodiment of the invention.Hereinafter, the travel direction with vehicle is defined as the place ahead.With reference to definition rear, the place ahead, top, below, left and right-hand.With regard to seat, with reference to being fixed on state on the vehicle, with the place ahead, rear, top, below, left and right-hand be defined as corresponding with the direction of vehicle.

Fig. 1 is the shaft side figure of the skeletal structure around the diagram human pelvis.Observe (referring to the dotted line Fig. 5 A) from steering handwheel 12 sides, Fig. 1 is corresponding with the shaft side figure that illustrates the pelvis 111 that sits in the occupant P (referring to Fig. 5 A) on the seat 11.Fig. 2 A is the rear shaft side figure that is shown in skeleton structure in the position that comprises pelvis 111.

Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 A, pelvis 111 is a kind of annular bones between backbone and lower limb, and has tough and tensile structure, is used for the weight of supporting head part, upper limbs and trunk.Compare with cranial cavity wall or chest wall, pelvis 111 is firmer or more abundant, and comprises: two hipbones 112, the sidepiece and the front portion of formation pelvis 111; Rumpbone 113 forms rear wall; And, coccyx 114.

Hipbone 112 is formed the major part of pelvis 111.Hipbone 112 relatively flats also have irregularly shaped.Each hipbone 112 is by three bones of bonded assembly, and promptly ilium 121, ischium 122 and pubis 123 form.Be called around the cup-shaped articular cavity of acetabular bone 125 and occurring adhesion (referring to Fig. 3) in the end of bone, 171 of femur 170 fits in the acetabular bone 125.

Each ilium 121 forms the side of corresponding hipbone 112, and extends upward from acetabular bone 125 in the mode of launching.Each ilium 121 is divided into two parts, and promptly big wing alaossisilii and ilium body 126, ilium body 126 comprise the part (referring to Fig. 3) of acetabular bone 125.Go up the ilium sour jujube before the front upper part of alaossisilii is called, the preceding bottom of alaossisilii is called preceding ilium sour jujube down, and the upper back of alaossisilii is called the back and goes up ilium sour jujube 127, and the rear lower of alaossisilii is called ilium sour jujube under the back.At the inside face place that is called auricular surface 128, each ilium 121 firmly is connected with rumpbone 113.

The auricular surface 128 of rumpbone 113 forms articulatio sacroiliaca 129 (referring to Fig. 2 A) with the auricular surface of ilium 121 128.At the articular surface place of articulatio sacroiliaca 129, a little articular cavity that is full of synovia and is covered by cartilage is arranged.Each articulatio sacroiliaca 129 has mobility seldom, and has the feature structure of band particulate on articular surface.In addition, articulatio sacroiliaca 129 is surrounded by a plurality of tough and tensile ligaments.Therefore, articulatio sacroiliaca 129 allows rumpbone 113 and ilium 121 to move relative to each other in limited scope.That is each articulatio sacroiliaca 129 allows the revolution of corresponding ilium 121 relative rumpbones 113 front and back, shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B.

Each ischium 122 forms the rear lower of corresponding hipbone 112, and is divided into ischium body and ischial ramus 141.The ischium body forms back 1/3rd of acetabular bone 125.The bottom of each ischium body is an ischial tuberosity, and supports its trunk when occupant P takes one's seat.The flat ischium that each ischial ramus 141 will approach is connected with pubic branch 151.

Each pubis 123 has irregularly shaped, and comprises pubis body 152 (referring to Fig. 3) and pubic branch 151.First three of the corresponding acetabular bone 125 of pubis body 152 formation/one.Pubic branch 151 comprises superior ramus of pubis 151a and inferior ramus of pubis 151b.Each superior ramus of pubis 151a extends to median sagittal plane from pubis body 152, and with form the joint at the superior ramus of pubis 151a of opposite side.This joint is called pubic symphysis 153, and it comprises cartilage plate, but and therefore a little activity.Each inferior ramus of pubis 151b is connected on the ischial ramus 141, and forms the bottom bow of closed pore.151a is similar to superior ramus of pubis, and by pubic symphysis 153, each inferior ramus of pubis 151b is connected with another inferior ramus of pubis 151b that is positioned at opposite side.

Have 171 and greater trochanter 172 in the upper end of each femur 170.Greater trochanter 172 from the beginning 171 landscape modes extends.As shown in Figure 1, under normal condition, the end of each greater trochanter 172 protrudes slightly from the respective side of pelvis 111.As shown in Figure 3, be positioned at the left and right sides ilium 121 of the height identical, narrow down gradually to the back-end, make acetabular bone 125 be positioned at outermost locations with greater trochanter 172, then go up ilium sour jujube 127 or back down the ilium sour jujube be positioned at inner side.That is in the waist skeletal structure highly identical with greater trochanter 172, greater trochanter 172 is positioned at the health outermost locations.

Fig. 3 is the cutaway view that illustrates occupant P waist L when sitting on the seat 11 seat portion 11a.As shown in Figure 3, to be positioned at seat 11 horizontal for the inwall 13 (for example, the surface of door trim or inner panel) that limits the crew department side.Inwall 13 is the same with occupant P with seat 11 to be extended at the vehicle fore-and-aft direction.

In the description of following embodiment of the present invention, when in a pair of or the one group of any bone only one when being mentioned, then refer to a pair of or one group near that of air bag side or the most approaching generation side collision one side.

In the side collision of vehicle, occupant P promptly is subjected to force of inertia towards inwall 13 at lateral direction of car.Under another vehicle and outside (outside face of vehicle body is as the sidecar door) case of collision corresponding to inwall 13, inwall 13 may be towards occupant P to projecting inward.In this case, the waist L of occupant P, perhaps the direct contact inwall 13, perhaps for example indirect contact inwall 13 under the intervenient situation of side air bag arranged.

The inventor is by the computer-aided engineering analysis cae analysis) carried out emulation, to analyze in side collision, act on the relation between the skeletal structure of the load of the occupant P that is seated on the seat 11 and occupant P.The result, under the situation of prior art, the waist L of occupant P is with the right angle contact inwall 13 (place, plane that is parallel to inwall 13 that is illustrated by the broken lines in Fig. 3, under the situation of the waist L contact inwall 13 of occupant P), pass to the load of occupant P from inwall 13, in the skeletal structure of occupant P, present distinctive uneven distribution.Particularly, observed trend is: the initial load being positioned on the exterior greater trochanter 172 of occupant P health directly focuses on the pubis 123 with smaller cross-sectional area area.So, applying in time of this load expanded in a big way on prolongation and the space as far as possible as far as possible, and disperse equably, perhaps the distribution that will load focuses on load is had on the position of higher resistibility.

As shown in Figure 1, each pubis 123 comprises superior ramus of pubis 151a and inferior ramus of pubis 151b, is positioned at corresponding greater trochanter 172 inboards, and roughly extends at lateral direction of car.The auricular surface 128 of corresponding ilium 121, it roughly extends along lateral direction of car, is positioned at pelvis 111 rear sides.At the rear portion of pelvis 111, among the bone that extends along lateral direction of car, comprise that the each several part of an auricular surface 128 has minimum cross-sectional area.Yet the cross-sectional area S2 sum of the cross-sectional area S1 of each superior ramus of pubis 151a and corresponding inferior ramus of pubis 151b is about 1/3rd of the cross-sectional area of corresponding ilium 121 auricular surface 128 near.

By cae analysis, the load shown in Fig. 4 A is being put under the situation of pelvis 111, the inventor has carried out the emulation of STRESS VARIATION in the pelvis 111.Fig. 4 A is that diagram is when the load that equates puts on pelvis 111 front portions (pubis) and rear portion (rumpbone), at the simulation curve figure of the load variations that is applied to pelvis 111.Fig. 4 B is shown in stress time history plot in the pelvis 111.

Although apply equal load, at the stress of pelvis 111 front portions (pubis) greater than stress at pelvis 111 rear portions (rumpbone).According under rated condition (for example, occupant P has under the situation of U.S. male sex mean stature in hypothesis) result of cae analysis, stress in pelvis 111 front portions (pubis) is about three times of stress of at the rear portion (rumpbone), is the inverse proportion of difference between the cross-sectional area of pelvis 111 front portions (pubis) and rear portion (rumpbone).In other words, because stress is obviously too concentrated like this, so, consider effective protection occupant P, do not wish to apply big load to pubis 123 by the greater trochanter 172 in occupant P waist L.Be applied to the load of pelvis 111 front portions (pubis), preferably less than the load that is applied to rear portion (rumpbone).Under the afore mentioned rules condition, be applied to the load of pelvis 111 front portions (pubis), preferably be applied to rear portion (rumpbone) load about 1/3rd.

For the load of realizing this desired way applies, in the present embodiment,, place impact absorption part 21, as shown in Figure 3 in the horizontal side of waist L of the occupant P that is seated at vehicle seat 11.Impact absorption part 21 comprises inclined-plane 23, and inclined-plane 23 is by the member support with shock absorbing capability, the member soft resin spare that thermoplastic elastomer is for example made of can serving as reasons, for example resin expanded of making of polyurethane foam, and air bag 22.Inclined-plane 23 self can be by soft resin or resin expanded formation.

In occupant P waist L one side, arrange inclined-plane 23, make the rear portion of its pelvis 111 around ilium 121, particularly, and with acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 cooresponding positions, the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.With acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 cooresponding positions, do not comprise acetabular bone 125.In addition, be preferably, arrange inclined-plane 23, make it in ilium 121, rumpbone 113 and ischium 122 sides, the waist L of contact occupant P, and, be more preferably such layout inclined-plane 23, make it at the waist L that contacts occupant P corresponding to the position of ilium 121.In addition, be preferably, inclined-plane 23 extends along pelvis 111 rear portions around the ilium 121, be more preferably along the extension of the pelvis 111 at acetabular bone 125 rears, and, preferably extend along hipbone 121.

In aspect of first embodiment, inclined-plane 23 forms opposed inner walls 13 plane inclined at a predetermined angle, make along with inclined-plane 23 near the rear end, inclined-plane 23 more protrudes among the crew department.In order to allow load that bone bears in the scope of broad, this inclined-plane 23 on the one hand of first embodiment, form and be parallel to such plane, this plane for example comprises on preceding on ilium sour jujube, the back under ilium sour jujube 127, preceding ilium sour jujube down, the back at least three points in the ilium sour jujube, and, preferably form and be parallel to such plane, this plane comprises the position of going up the ilium sour jujube before being close to, be close to the back go up the position of ilium sour jujube 127, be close to before down the ilium sour jujube the position and be close to the position of ilium sour jujube down, back.

First embodiment on the other hand in, inclined-plane 23 forms curved surface, it extends along ilium 121 outside faces that roughly have bowl-shape profile.First embodiment this on the one hand in, inclined-plane 23 is configured as, for example, along with its near the rear end, more protrude in the crew department, and have recessed central part.In addition, first embodiment this on the one hand in, inclined-plane 23 be preferably shaped to along with its near the lower end, more protrude in the crew department, and have recessed central part.

Before the side collision of vehicle, this inclined-plane 23 on the one hand of first embodiment does not protrude in the crew department, but is arranged in the position of the inwall 13 that Fig. 3 dots.When the side collision of vehicle took place, inclined-plane 23 protruded in the crew department from inwall 13, and the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.In addition, similar with the inclined-plane 23a that the long and short dash line that replaces with unexpected misfortune among Fig. 3 is represented, make inclined-plane 23 be arranged in the position of the inwall 13 that Fig. 3 dots.When the side collision of vehicle took place, inclined-plane 23 protruded in the crew department from inwall 13, and the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.If arrange the waist L of inclined-plane 23a, then can make the waist L of inclined-plane 23a and the occupant P distance that is separated from each other, shown in the long and short dash line that unexpected misfortune among Fig. 3 replaces with contact occupant P.

Can dispose like this, make before the side collision of vehicle, inclined-plane 23a protrudes in the crew department (by the position of the long and short dash line indication of the unexpected misfortune that replaces among Fig. 3), and the waist L of contact occupant P.In addition, also can dispose like this, make that inclined-plane 23a protrudes into by the position shown in the solid line among Fig. 3 when the side collision of vehicle takes place.Impact absorption part 21 with inclined- plane 23,23a can be arranged on the side of the seat portion 11a of seat 11 or back-rest 11b or is arranged in inwall 13 such as door trim or the inner panel.

For example, Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B indicative icon impact absorption part 21, it comprises air bag 22, is loaded on the chair back.Before the side collision of vehicle took place, impact absorption part 21 was contained among the backrest 11b of seat 11.When side collision took place, impact absorption part 21 launched forward from the side of backrest 11b, made inclined-plane 23 contact the waist L (buttocks) of occupant P.The inclined-plane 23 of impact absorption part 21 is set to, and it is tilted with a predetermined angular opposed inner walls 13, makes along with inclined-plane 23 more protrudes in the crew department near its rear end.In addition, inclined-plane 23 is configured as along with it more protrudes in the crew department near the lower end.

In Fig. 5 B, for illustrative purposes, simplified the shape of impact absorption part 21, and inclined-plane 23 has been depicted as the plane.Yet, relative travelling and/or above-below direction of vehicle, 23 central authorities can form protrusion to the impact absorption part 21 of air bag 22 on the inclined-plane.In this case, the part on inclined-plane 23 at least, the central authorities on inclined-plane 23 preferably, in the contact occupant P skeletal structure around ilium 121 rear portion of pelvis 111.Can make this inclined-plane 23 on the one hand of first embodiment recessed, make inclined-plane 23 conform to the shape of the waist L (buttocks) of occupant P with respect to the center of travel direction and/or above-below direction.

Be different from the above-mentioned aspect that is loaded on the air bag 22 of the chair back in the first embodiment, impact absorption part 21 can be the air bag 22 that is loaded on chair cushion, perhaps is loaded on the air bag 22 of door trim.Before the side collision of vehicle took place, the impact absorption part 21 by the air bag 22 that is fixed on the chair cushion is formed was contained among the seat portion 11a of seat 11.When side collision takes place, impact absorption part 21 is roughly launched upward from the side of seat portion 11a, make inclined-plane 23 contact the waist L (buttocks) of occupant P.Before the side collision of vehicle takes place,, be contained in the inboard (between the outside such as side car door of inwall 13 and vehicle body) of inwall 13 by the impact absorption part 21 that the air bag 22 that is fixed on the door trim is formed.When side collision takes place, make impact absorption part 21 launch to enter in the crew department (vehicle laterally), make the waist L (buttocks) of inclined-plane 23 contact occupant P.

Be schematically shown as Fig. 6 A, first embodiment impact absorption part 21 on the other hand is contained in the impact absorbing pad 24, and impact absorbing pad 24 then is installed on the inwall 13.Impact absorbing pad 24 roughly is configured as quadrangular, and by soft resin or resin expanded formation.Before the side collision of vehicle took place, impact absorbing pad 24 was contained in the recess 25 that forms in inwall 13, and recess 25 is concordant with inwall 13.When side collision takes place, impact absorbing pad 24 is launched and enter the crew department in (vehicle laterally), make inclined-plane 23 contact the waist L (buttocks) of occupant P.

As being schematically shown among Fig. 6 B, form first embodiment impact absorption part 21 on the other hand by the part of inwall 13.This of first embodiment impact absorption part 21 on the one hand is variation examples of the impact absorption part 21 shown in Fig. 3.That is, first embodiment this on the one hand in, inclined-plane 23 forms like this, when the side collision of vehicle takes place, in the inwall 13 only some protrude in the crew department (vehicle laterally), and contact the waist L (buttocks) of occupant P.Before side collision took place, inclined-plane 23 did not protrude in the crew department, but is positioned at the position that is illustrated by the broken lines.That is inclined-plane 23 extends at the fore-and-aft direction of vehicle, with concordant with inwall 13.

When side collision took place, inclined- plane 23,23a contacted the waist L (particularly, the core of gluteus maximus) of occupant P, and waist L is pushed away to the crew department the inside, thus constraint waist L.That is, inclined- plane 23,23a prevent waist L from the inclined- plane 23,23a outwards moves.At this moment, in the skeletal structure of the occupant P on being seated at vehicle seat 11, the rear portion of pelvis 111 around ilium 121, the waist L of inclined- plane 23,23a occupant restraint P, thereby, protect occupant P reliably.

As mentioned above, for the load of opposing lateral direction of car, compare with greater trochanter 172 cooresponding parts, the rear portion of pelvis 111 has stronger skeletal structure around the ilium 121.In addition, in this case, the rear portion of pelvis 111 is covered by the thickest part of gluteus maximus.Therefore, before load passes to ilium 121, the shock absorbing capability that the gluteus maximus performance is higher.So, for example, under above-mentioned certain conditions, be applied under the position situation corresponding to greater trochanter 172 with load and compare, when inclined- plane 23,23a waist L at contact of the rear portion of pelvis 111 around the ilium 121 and occupant restraint P, can think load that skeletal structure bore be the former three times or more.So, further improved the passenger protecting performance.

On the inclined-plane 23, the rear portion contact occupant P waist L of 23a pelvis 111 around ilium 121 in most cases, the rear portion or the buttocks of pelvis 111 around the ilium 121 in waist L at first contact inclined-plane 23,23a.At this moment, at first contact corresponding to the situation of the part of greater trochanter 172 with inclined- plane 23,23a and to compare, reduced to be applied to the load of pubis 123 greatly.Therefore, can improve occupant's protective value.

Under the situation of the waist L of the rear portion of pelvis 111 around the ilium 121 contact occupant P, the impact absorption part 21 that comprises inclined- plane 23,23a is from the oblique rear contact of occupant P waist L on inclined-plane 23,23a.At this moment, inclined- plane 23,23a can be on the outside face at pelvis 111 rear portions around the ilium 121 apply load in the scope of broad simultaneously.As a result, owing to load is applied to the rear portion of pelvis 111 in the mode of disperseing, so improved the passenger protecting performance.In the present embodiment, the inclined-plane 23 of impact absorption part 21,23a tilt, more to protrude under the state in the crew department waist L of contact occupant P near the rear end time.Inclined- plane 23,23a are easily from the oblique rear contact of occupant P waist L.

In addition, in order to find out around ilium 121 the actv. part in pelvis 111 rear portions, bear concentrated load with protection occupant P, the inventor has carried out emulation by cae analysis.The result of emulation shows: when the top of inclined- plane 23,23a contact ilium 121 when (position is higher than the alaossisilii of auricular surface 128), from the inclined- plane 23,23a passes to the load of occupant P, presents distinctive uneven distribution in the skeletal structure of occupant P.That is, pass to the rotating torque that load produced of inclined- plane 23,23a, as fulcrum, and, ilium 121 is rotated forward with respect to rumpbone 113 around articulatio sacroiliaca 129 with articulatio sacroiliaca 129 with the application point of ilium 121 as application force.Rotating torque affacts pubis 123 from the front end of ilium 121, but do not act on pubis 123 on the cooresponding direction of the mobile phase of pubic symphysis 153.So, make rotating torque be transformed into moment of deflection, act on the pubis 123 with smaller cross-sectional area area, and it is directly focused on the pubis 123.Therefore, preferably being distributed with of this load optionally focused on the part with higher drag.

Consider this point, the inclined-plane 23 of present embodiment, 23a preferably are arranged on such position, in this position, sit in the vertical direction of the pelvis 111 of occupant P on the seat 11 relatively, inclined- plane 23,23a contact the waist L of occupant P in the part that is lower than articulatio sacroiliaca 129 (auricular surface 128).Particularly, aspect of first embodiment in, inclined- plane 23,23a are arranged to, in the side that is lower than ilium 121 parts of ischium 122, rumpbone 113 and articulatio sacroiliaca 129 (that is, ilium body 126), the waist L of contact occupant P.In this case, sit in the fore-and-aft direction of the pelvis 111 of the occupant P on the seat 11 relatively, the waist L of the part contact occupant P that inclined- plane 23,23a need be arranged at acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111.

In addition, preferably inclined- plane 23,23a are arranged to apply load to articulatio sacroiliaca 129.Particularly, aspect of first embodiment, inclined-plane 23, the oblique mode of 23a are arranged in ilium 121 back, and are lower than ilium 121 slightly.Inclined- plane 23,23a are smooth surfaces, perpendicular to from the inclined-plane 23, the position of 23a is to the direction of articulatio sacroiliaca 129.At first embodiment on the other hand, inclined-plane 23, the oblique mode of 23a are arranged in ilium 121 back, and are lower than ilium 121 slightly, and are bowl-shape curved surfaces, surround articulatio sacroiliaca 129 with equidistance.First embodiment this on the one hand, inclined- plane 23,23a can be from occupant P skeletal structure the oblique rear of ilium 121 be lower than ilium 121 slightly and apply load to articulatio sacroiliaca 129.

First embodiment provides following advantage.

(1) according to the method that is used to protect the occupant of present embodiment, be characterised in that: when the side collision of vehicle takes place, in being seated at the occupant P skeletal structure of seat 11, the rear portion of pelvis 111 around ilium 121, the waist L of occupant restraint P.According to this guard method,, protect occupant P effectively by the waist L of occupant restraint P suitably.

In other words, when the side collision of vehicle take place and occupant P when lateral direction of car bears force of inertia, the waist L of occupant P moves to the inwall 13 (as door trim or inner panel) that forms the crew department side.In addition, under some vehicle side collision situations, inwall 13 moves to the waist L of occupant P.When the waist L of occupant P contact inwall 13, and be pushed to the crew department when inboard, that is, as constraint waist L, making that waist L can not be when the outer side shifting of inwall 13, the load that the waist L of occupant P bears is corresponding with the thrust that inwall 13 is applied.

Among the occupant P on being seated at seat 11, at the pubis 123 of outside greater trochanter 172 that protrudes in the upper end of femur 170 and formation pelvis 111 front surfaces, be positioned at the front portion of waist L, and extend along lateral direction of car.In addition, at the rear portion of waist L, ilium 121 parts (for example, auricular surface 128) that form pelvis 111 rear surfaces are arranged to the horizontal expansion at vehicle.The lateral margin of the relative ilium 121 of the far-end of greater trochanter 172 outwards protrudes.The minimum value of pubis 123 cross-sectional areas that extend at lateral direction of car, only about 1/3rd of the ilium 121 cross-sectional area minimum value of extending at equidirectional.

So, when the side that makes occupant P waist L is pressed against on the inwall 13, to compare when in part, bearing load corresponding to greater trochanter 172, when bearing load at the rear portion of pelvis 111 around the ilium 121, skeletal structure can bear bigger load.That is, and by comparing, when load is applied to the rear portion of pelvis 111, on bigger area, bear load in the mode of disperseing with the situation that greater trochanter 172 cooresponding parts are born load.So, when applying the load of same magnitude, for applying the vertical bone cross-sectional plane of direction with load, be applied to load value on the unit area in ilium 121 than medium and small at pubis 123.So ilium 121 bears load with lower stress.

So, according to the guard method of present embodiment, when the side collision of vehicle takes place, in the skeletal structure of the occupant P on being seated at seat 11, the rear portion of pelvis 111 around ilium 121, the waist L of occupant restraint P.So,, can bear the load of the waist L that in side collision, is applied to occupant P with lower stress than the situation that forwardly retrains waist L.Like this, by being suitable for the method for waist L skeletal structure, the waist L of occupant restraint P suitably, and protect occupant P effectively.

(2) guard method of present embodiment is realized by the impact absorption part 21 that uses occupant restraint P waist L.When the side collision of vehicle took place, impact absorption part 21 contact waist L were to conform to pelvis 111 in the position, acetabular bone 125 rear.So, in the side collision of vehicle, be applied to the load of occupant P, by bearing at pelvis 111 rear portions than large tracts of land.This has improved the passenger protecting performance.

(3) guard method of present embodiment is realized by the impact absorption part 21 that uses occupant restraint P waist L.When the side collision of vehicle took place, impact absorption part 21 was at first at the waist L that contacts occupant P corresponding to the position of ilium 121.So, at first compare with impact absorption part 21 in the situation that the part corresponding to greater trochanter 172 contacts the waist L of occupant P, the load that is applied to pubis 123 is significantly reduced.Therefore, can improve the passenger protecting performance.

(4) guard method of present embodiment is realized by the impact absorption part 21 that uses occupant restraint P waist L.When the side collision of vehicle took place, impact absorption part 21 was from the oblique rear contact of occupant P waist L.The guard method of present embodiment is realized by the impact absorption part 21 that uses occupant restraint P waist L.When the side collision of vehicle took place, impact absorption part 21 contact waist L simultaneously, tilted impact absorption part 21, with along with its near the rear end, impact absorption part 21 is more protruded in the crew department.When using this guard method, in the scope of broad, the waist L of occupant P bears the load from impact absorption part 21 on pelvis 111 external rear face around the ilium 121.As a result, around ilium 121, be applied to the rear portion of pelvis 111 in the mode of disperseing owing to load, so, the passenger protecting performance improved.

(5) in the protection structure of present embodiment, in the side collision of vehicle, be applied to the load of occupant P, be transferred to occupant's articulatio sacroiliaca 129.Each ilium 121 is connected with rumpbone 113, and it can be turned round front and back slightly around cooresponding articulatio sacroiliaca 129.On the other hand, pubis 123 connects into and can turn round slightly around pubic symphysis 153.In other words, pelvis 111 is done as a whole, when ilium 121 when articulatio sacroiliaca 129 relative rumpbones 113 turn round forward or backward, produce with the rotating torque of ilium 121 as the application point of power.Rotating torque affacts on the pubis 123 from the front end of ilium 121, but do not act on pubis 123 on the cooresponding direction of the mobile phase of pubic symphysis 153.So, rotating torque is transformed into act on the moment of deflection on the pubis 123.

According to the guard method of present embodiment, the major part load that is applied to occupant P in side collision is transferred to articulatio sacroiliaca 129, and, obviously reduce to be applied to the load on the rotation direction of ilium 121.This has suppressed greatly with the generation of ilium 121 as the rotating torque of the application point of power, and has therefore significantly reduced to be applied to the moment of deflection of pubis 123.Therefore, in the side collision of vehicle, be applied to that the load at pelvis 111 rear portions can pass to pubis 123 hardly around the ilium 121, but born by rumpbone 113, rumpbone 113 has the cross-sectional area bigger than pubis 123.So occupant P is subjected to effective protection.

(6) the protection structure with present embodiment is configured to, and reduces to be applied in the side collision of vehicle the load component that is transferred to greater trochanter 172 in the load of occupant P.So, in the side collision of vehicle, be applied in the load of occupant P, reduced to pass to the component of the greater trochanter 172 of occupant P.Reduce to pass to the load of pubis 123 easily by greater trochanter 172.Thereby protect occupant P effectively.

(7) in the life-guard design of present embodiment, impact absorption part 21 is arranged in the crew department, sits in the waist L of the occupant P on the seat 11 with constraint.Arrange impact absorption part 21, make it at least in the side collision of vehicle, the rear portion of pelvis 111 around the ilium 121 in the skeletal structure of occupant P, the waist L of contact occupant P.Like this, according to this protection structure, the rear portion of pelvis 111 around occupant P ilium 121, the waist L of impact absorption part 21 contact occupant P.So,, can bear the load of the waist L that in side collision, is applied to occupant P with less stress than the situation of impact absorption part 21 contact waist L front portions.Like this, by being suitable for the structure of waist L skeletal structure, the waist L of occupant restraint P suitably, and protect occupant P effectively.

(8) in aspect of present embodiment protection structure, configuration impact absorption part 21 enters in the crew department it from the vehicle body protrusion in the side collision of vehicle.Because before side collision, impact absorption part 21 does not protrude in the crew department, can enlarge crew department's space.As a result, improved crew department's traveling comfort, and vehicle easily.Because impact absorption part 21 has air bag 22, by deployment balloon 22, impact absorption part 21 is protruded fast, and impact absorption part 21 can be contained in the vehicle body in the mode of compactness.

(9) in aspect of present embodiment protection structure, impact absorption part 21 is configured to always protrude in the crew department from vehicle body.It is different to impel impact absorption part 21 to protrude in the crew department when taking place with side collision, owing to impact absorption part 21 just protruded in the crew department before side collision takes place, so saved the structure that is used to make impact absorption part 21 protrusions.This mode simplifies the structure.

(10) in aspect of present embodiment protection structure, impact absorption part 21 is arranged among the seat portion 11a or backrest 11b of seat 11.In this case, optimize relative position and the contact angle of the waist L of impact absorption part 21 and occupant P easily.Particularly, this advantage on the one hand is, when regulate seat 11 on fore-and-aft direction the position or during the height of seat 11, kept this relative position.

(11) in aspect of present embodiment protection structure, impact absorption part 21 is arranged in the door trim or inner panel of vehicle.In this case, guarantee easily to be used to hold impact absorption part 21 than large space.

(second embodiment)

Second embodiment of the present invention is described below.For those and the similar or identical component part of the corresponding component part of first embodiment, represent with similar or identical label, and omit or simplify its detailed explanation and diagram.

Fig. 7 schematically illustrates the waist air bag 200 as impact absorption part 21.As shown in Figure 7, the seat 11 that is positioned at vehicle (not shown) crew department comprises: seat portion 11a is used to support buttocks and the thigh of occupant P; Bevelled backrest 11b; And seatbelt 6.As shown in Figure 8, backrest 11b comprises a pair of seat back frame 31 in transverse ends.Seat back frame 31 forms as tabular, and above-below direction extends.Backrest 11b also comprises the cushion body 32 that covers seat back frame 31 fully.Backrest 11b has the seat crust 34 that is used to cover whole cushion body 32.Seatbelt 6 is 3 seatbelts, and constraint sits in the occupant P on the seat 11.As shown in Figure 8, the sidepiece of cushion body 32 protrudes forward than the middle part.The front end that protrudes in cushion body 32 each side is provided with seam 35.Seat crust 34 is sewed up at seam 35 places.

Airbag apparatus 201 with air bag 200 is contained among the backrest 11b of seat 11.In the side collision of vehicle, make air bag 200 launch forward and expand from backrest 11b, make the waist L (buttocks) of face Pa contact occupant P of exerting pressure.Particularly, airbag apparatus 201 is contained in the housing (not shown), and is embedded in the cushion body 32.With airbag apparatus 201 seat back frame 31 placed adjacent with backrest 11b right side (vehicle outside), with the car door 10 corresponding (referring to Fig. 8) that forms Vehicular side body.More specifically, airbag apparatus 201 is fixed in the inside face 31a (with over against the opposite one side of the surperficial 31b of car door 10) of seat back frame 31.Although only illustrate right seat 11 in the accompanying drawings, left seat also has similar airbag apparatus 201 at its left part.Airbag apparatus 201 is fixed in the bottom (near-end of seat back frame 31 in seat portion 11a side, dots) of seat back frame 31 in Fig. 7.

As shown in Figure 8, airbag apparatus 201 has cylindrical shape retainer 203, gas generator and air bag 200 (impact absorption part 21).In the present embodiment, gas generator is the cylindrical shape aerator 204 that is arranged in retainer 203.Air bag 200 covers retainer 203 and aerator 204.Expanding (expansion) before, air bag 200 is contained in the housing with the state that remains between retainer 203 and the housing.Aerator 204 holds gas generant, is used for deployment balloon 200 and makes its expansion.Aerator 204 has gas port, is used to discharge the gas that is produced by gas generant.Aerator 204 is connected with the impact detector or the sensor electrical that are used to detect in the vehicle body side collision.

Air bag 200 has the cloth sheet of a pair of circular of being made by fabric.The cloth sheet is united by a seam to form air bag 200 at periphery.Shown in Fig. 8 A, air bag 200 is contained in the housing with folded state.In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, the big I that is in the air bag 200 of deployed condition covers stern point (hip point) H that centers on occupant P and the circle with diameter D (200mm to 250mm).The size of air bag 200 allows the waist L of air bag 200 at desired location extruding occupant P, and allows suitable squeese pressure to act on whole predetermined portions.Shown in Fig. 7 to Fig. 8 B, when expanding, air bag 200 ejects the cushion body 32 of backrest 11b, and launches in the space that the waist L (buttocks) by seatbelt 6, seat portion 11a, backrest 11b, car door 10 (perhaps seat back frame 31) and occupant P limits.

The operation of airbag apparatus 201 is described below.

When sensor arrives collision, trigger aerator 204, carry high pressure gas to air bag 200.This just opens air bag 200, and begins to make air bag 200 to expand.When air bag 200 expands, housing is opened.When air bag 200 expanded, seat back frame 31 bore the antagonistic force (if be arranged in the left seat, antagonistic force points to the left side) that points to the vehicle right side, and backrest 11b bears antagonistic force backward.So air bag 200 beginnings are to left front the expansion (in the direction of being represented by Fig. 8 B hollow core arrow) of vehicle.

If air bag 200 continues to expand, shown in Fig. 8 B, 200 in air bag is worn cushion body 32 can fracture portion 36 places hitting, and can fracture portion 36 be formed in the seat crust 34 of cushion body 32.When air bag 200 hits when wearing cushion body 32, car door 10 and seat back frame 31 bear the antagonistic force that points to the vehicle right side, and backrest 11b then bears the antagonistic force that points to the rear.In other words, when air bag 200 was expanded, the application force that car door 10 and seat back frame 31 and backrest 11b bear was corresponding to the application force that advances air bag 200 at expansion direction with by promoting the antagonistic force that occupant P produces.Make antagonistic force point to the opposite direction of force direction (direction of propulsion of air bag 200) of deployment balloon 200.In the present embodiment, corresponding with the progradation power of air bag 200 and point at its rightabout antagonistic force, bear (mainly being seat back frame 31) by seat back frame 31 and car door 10 in the horizontal, on fore-and-aft direction, then bear by backrest 11b.In other words, oblique antagonistic force (acting on the side's power in the opposite direction with Fig. 8 B hollow core arrow) bears absorption through decomposition.In other words, bear antagonistic force by the corner part that limits by seat back frame 31 and car door 10 and backrest 11b.In the present embodiment, airbag apparatus 201 does not comprise antagonistic force bearing piece (it is used for directly bearing corresponding with the propulsive force of air bag 200 and points to its rightabout antagonistic force).Yet it is sustained without decomposing also can be configured to antagonistic force.In the present embodiment, antagonistic force resolves at horizontal component with at the component of fore-and-aft direction.Yet, also can change the direction of component arbitrarily.

Can fracture portion 36 be positioned at seat back frame 31 inboards, and be located at the position (than the center of seam 35 more close seats 11) of occupant P waist L back, and extend at above-below direction.In other words, layout can fracture portion 36, makes it allow air bag 200 to protrude from the oblique rear position of occupant P waist L and extruding waist L.Can fracture portion 36 be parts of local weakness in the seat crust 34, thereby air bag 200 be with by can fracture portion 36 ejecting.Present embodiment can fracture portion 36 by the setting formation of cracking, but also can form by seam is set.In the present embodiment, seat back frame 31 position in the horizontal can be according to seam 35 and position change that can fracture portion 36.

Too expand to waist L the place ahead of occupant P for fear of air bag 200, seatbelt 6 bears the antagonistic force that is produced by extruding.In view of the above, the face of the exerting pressure Pa of air bag 200 contact occupant P forms general planar and car door 10 (inwall 13) inclination relatively, makes air bag 200 along with it more protrudes in the crew department near the rear end.The face Pa (pressing occupant P) that exerts pressure is corresponding with the inclined-plane 23 of first embodiment.So, in the side of occupant P waist L, arrange the face Pa (inclined-plane 23) that exerts pressure, so that the rear portion of its pelvis 111 around ilium 121, particularly, and in position corresponding to the pelvis 111 at acetabular bone 125 rears, the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.

In other words, air bag 200 (impact absorption part 21) expands, and make to exert pressure face Pa (inclined-plane 23) at a predetermined angle with respect to car door (inwall 13) and seat back frame 31 inclinations, thereby air bag 22 is along with it more protrudes in the crew department near the rear end.Because car door 10 and backrest 11b bear antagonistic force, so when expanding, air bag 200 is to the buttocks of the front end of vehicle and left end (among Fig. 8 B by the hollow arrow indicated direction) extruding occupant P.Airbag apparatus 201 is positioned at the bottom of seat back frame 31, and is usually located at the position that is lower than occupant P buttocks.Therefore along with its near the lower end, the face Pa of exerting pressure more protrudes in the crew department.Because seat portion 11a bears the antagonistic force from air bag 200 directed downwards, it allows air bag 200 upwards to push the buttocks of occupant P.Therefore, in the present embodiment, seat back frame 31 (and car door 10), seat portion 11a, backrest 11b and seatbelt 6 play the effect of antagonistic force bearing piece.

In the present embodiment, when expanding, air bag 200 hits wears cushion body 32.Yet air bag 200 also can be configured to by cushion body 32 extruding occupant P.In the present embodiment, when expanding, the internal pressure of air bag 200 is set in the scope from 150kPa to 250kPa.

Except that (1) to (7) advantage of first embodiment, second embodiment provides following advantage.

(12) because air bag 200 is positioned at the inboard of seat back frame 31 bottoms, so air bag 200 expands in the space that is limited by backrest 11b, seat back frame 31 and seat portion 11a.Therefore, when expanding, at the position of ilium 121 corresponding to the position of acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 parts or in, the waist L of waist air bag 200 contact occupant P corresponding to occupant P skeletal structure.In addition, when expanding, air bag 200 applies application force before oblique to the waist L of occupant P.In view of the above, the waist L of extruding occupant P avoids pubis to bear from trochiterian excessive load simultaneously in the middle of vehicle.

(13) when air bag 200 expanded, seat back frame 31 (and car door 10), seat portion 11a, backrest 11b and seatbelt 6 bore the antagonistic force from air bag 200.So air bag 200 contacts the waist L of occupant P easily at predetermined portions (corresponding to the position of acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 parts, perhaps corresponding to the position of ilium 121).Therefore air bag 200 protrudes at predetermined direction.In view of the above, with the extruding in the middle of vehicle of occupant's waist, avoid pubis 123 to bear excessive loads simultaneously from greater trochanter 172.

(the 3rd embodiment)

The 3rd embodiment of the present invention is described below.For those and the similar or identical component part of the corresponding component part of first embodiment, represent with similar or identical label, and omit or simplify its detailed explanation and diagram.

Fig. 9 is illustrated side air bag 300 (hereafter is an air bag 300) schematically, plays the effect of impact absorption part 21.Backrest 11b comprises a pair of seat back frame 31 in transverse ends.Seat back frame 31 forms as tabular and extends (referring to Figure 10) up and down.Backrest 11b also comprises cushion body 32, and it covers seat back frame 31 fully.

Airbag apparatus 301 with air bag 300 is contained in the housing (not shown), and housing is contained among the backrest 11b of seat 11.In the side collision of vehicle, make air bag 300 launch (and expansion) forward from backrest 11b, make the face of exerting pressure contact waist L (buttocks) and the chest of occupant P.

Particularly, as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10, airbag apparatus 301 is embedded in the cushion body 32.With seat back frame 31 placed adjacent of airbag apparatus 301 with backrest 11b right-hand (vehicle outside), and corresponding with the car door (not shown) that forms Vehicular side body.Although only illustrate left seat 11 in the accompanying drawings, right seat also has similar airbag apparatus 301 at its right part.Airbag apparatus 301 roughly is positioned at the middle part of the above-below direction of seat back frame 31.

As shown in Figure 9, airbag apparatus 301 has cylindrical shape retainer (not shown), gas generator and air bag 300 (impact absorption part 21).In the present embodiment, gas generator is the cylindrical shape aerator 304 that is arranged in retainer.Air bag 300 covers retainer and aerator 304.Expanding (expansion) before, air bag 300 is contained in the housing with the state that remains between retainer and the housing.Aerator 304 holds gas generant, is used for deployment balloon 300 and makes its expansion.Aerator 304 has in the top gas port 304a, at the gas port 304b of centre and at the gas port 304c of lower end, be used to discharge the gas that produces by gas generant.Aerator 304 is connected with the impact detector or the sensor electrical that are used to detect in the vehicle body side collision.

Air bag 300 has a pair of cloth sheet of being made by fabric.The cloth sheet has identical size and identical shape, and at periphery it is united by a seam to form air bag 300.Air bag 300 is contained in the housing with folded state.

As Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 11, when expanding, air bag 300 ejects the cushion body 32 of backrest 11b, makes the upper lateral of air bag 300 be positioned at occupant's shoulder, and the middle part of air bag 300 laterally is positioned at chest, and the lower, transverse of air bag 300 is positioned at waist.The part of the upper forepart of air bag 300 forms recessed to the back-end recess 302, makes not the too upper arm of occupant restraint P.In other words, in the present embodiment, recess 302 is positioned at corresponding to the position of occupant P upper arm (referring to Fig. 9).

In the bottom of air bag 300, the face of the exerting pressure Pb of air bag 300 contact occupant P, be general planar and relatively car door (inwall 13) tilt, make along with its near the rear end, air bag 300 more protrudes in the crew department.In other words,, press the face of the exerting pressure Pb of occupant P in the bottom of air bag 300, corresponding with the inclined-plane 23 of first embodiment.So, in the waist L side of occupant P, arrange the face Pb that exerts pressure, make the waist L (buttocks) of the rear portion contact occupant P of its pelvis 111 around ilium 121, particularly, with acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 cooresponding positions in.

One end of strand tether 303 is connected with the leading section of air bag 300 bottoms, and when expanding, this part is positioned on the inside face (inside face of fabric sheet) of air bag 300 bottoms.The other end of tether 303 stretches out from the rear portion of air bag 300, and is fixed on the seat back frame 31, as Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10.When air bag 300 expanded, tether 303 prevented that the inside face of air bag 300 bottoms from moving apart seat portion 11a (connecting bridge between tether 303 and the seat portion 11a) with the amount greater than preset distance.In other words, compare, be fixed with air bag 300 lower inner surface of tether 300, show as and be pulled to seat portion 11a with the remainder of air bag 300.

The operation of airbag apparatus 301 is described below.

When sensor to when collision, trigger aerator 304, and carry high pressure gas to air bag 300.This just opens air bag 300, and begins to make air bag 300 to expand.When expanding, air bag 300 comprises waist L and shoulder with the part of bigger effect of contraction power occupant restraint P health.

When air bag 300 expand into to a certain degree, the inside face of air bag 300 bottoms showed the fixed end that is pulled to tether 303 by tether 303.This has suppressed air bag 300 bottoms and has expanded forward, makes air bag 300 laterally expand fully.Like this, air bag 300 expands, and makes the face Pb that exerts pressure tilt with respect to car door 10 at a predetermined angle, thus along with its near the rear end, air bag 300 is more protruded in the crew department.In the present embodiment, when expanding, the internal pressure of air bag 300 bottoms (part of contact waist) is set in the scope from 150kPa to 250kPa.

Except that (1) to (7) advantage of first embodiment, the 3rd embodiment provides following advantage.

(14) side of air bag 300 protection occupant P healths comprises waist L and shoulder.So occupant's side and waist all are protected.In addition, be provided with tether 303, be used to limit the moving forward of 300 times front portions of air bag.So, in the side air bag 300 of contact surface with the waist L side that contacts occupant P, the thickness of air bag 300 bottoms on lateral direction of car, the thickness that can be set at the rear portion is greater than fore thickness.So, when expanding, in position corresponding to hip 125 rear pelvises 111 parts, perhaps in corresponding to occupant P skeletal structure in the position of ilium 121, the waist L of the bottom of side air bag contact occupant P.

(the 4th embodiment)

The 4th embodiment of the present invention is described below.For those and the similar or identical component part of the corresponding component part of first embodiment, represent with similar or identical label, and omit or simplify its detailed explanation and diagram.

Figure 12 is illustrated side air bag 400 (hereafter is an air bag 400) schematically, plays the effect of impact absorption part 21.Backrest 11b comprises a pair of seat back frame 31 in transverse ends.Seat back frame 31 forms as tabular and extends up and down.Backrest 11b also comprises the cushion body (not shown), and it covers seat back frame 31 fully.

As shown in figure 12, the airbag apparatus 401 with air bag 400 is contained in the housing (not shown), and housing is contained among the backrest 11b of seat 11.In the side collision of vehicle, air bag 400 launches (and expansion) forward from backrest 11b, makes the face of exerting pressure contact waist L (buttocks) and the chest of occupant P.

Particularly, as shown in figure 12, airbag apparatus 401 is embedded in the cushion body.With seat back frame 31 placed adjacent of airbag apparatus 401 with backrest 11b right-hand (vehicle outside), and corresponding with the car door (not shown) that forms Vehicular side body.More specifically, shown in Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B, in the outside face 31b (towards the surface of car door) of seat back frame 31, be formed for holding holding of airbag apparatus 401 recessed 402.Airbag apparatus 401 is contained in to hold in recessed 402 and also fixes with it.Although only illustrate left seat 11 in the accompanying drawings, right seat also has similar airbag apparatus 401 at its right part.Airbag apparatus 401 is in the approximate mid-section of above-below direction at seat back frame 31.

As shown in figure 12, airbag apparatus 401 has retainer 403, gas generator and air bag 400 (impact absorption part 21).In the present embodiment, gas generator is the cylindrical shape aerator 404 that is arranged in retainer 403.Shown in Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B, retainer 403 comprises: accommodation section 403a has the U-shaped level cross-sectionn; And the portion 405 that exerts pressure, its rear end 403b from accommodation section 403a opening extends forward.Accommodation section 403a is in the above-below direction extension and hold aerator 404.Arrange accommodation section 403a, make its lateral opening towards vehicle.The portion 405 that exerts pressure roughly forms flat board, and extends to the front end of seat back frame 31, to cover the opening of accommodation section 403a.Before air bag 400 launched, the portion 405 that exerts pressure separated preset distance with seat back frame 31 on lateral direction of car.Before air bag 400 launched, the portion 405 that exerts pressure separated preset distance at the front end 403c of lateral direction of car and accommodation section 403a opening.

Expand (expansion) preceding, air bag 400 is contained in the housing with folded state.Aerator 404 holds gas generant, is used for deployment balloon 400 and makes its expansion.Aerator 404 has the gas port 404a in the lower end, is used to discharge the gas that is produced by gas generant.Gas port 404a is connected to the bottom of air bag 400, makes gas feed to the bottom.In other words, gas port 404a discharges gas to the lower end of air bag 400.In the present embodiment, aerator 404 is positioned at air bag 400 outsides, but also can be positioned at air bag 400 inside.Aerator 404 is connected with the impact detector or the sensor electrical that are used to detect in the vehicle body side collision.

Air bag 400 has a pair of cloth sheet of being made by fabric.The cloth sheet has identical size and identical shape, and it is united by a seam and forms air bag 400 at periphery.As shown in figure 12, when expanding, air bag 400 ejects the cushion body of backrest 11b, makes the upper lateral of air bag 400 be positioned at occupant's shoulder, and the middle part of air bag 400 laterally is positioned at chest, and the lower, transverse of air bag 400 is positioned at waist.The part of air bag 400 upper foreparts forms recess.In addition, also make the part at air bag 400 rear portions recessed.In view of the above, as shown in figure 13, when expanding, the length X of fore-and-aft directions in the middle of the air bag 400, with from the front end of seat back frame 31 to the length Y that holds recessed 402 front end, wherein X and Y are about equally.On the top of air bag 400, form deflation hole 406, be used for discharging the many parts of crossing of air bag 400 gases.

In the bottom of air bag 400, the face of exerting pressure of air bag 400 contact occupant P, be general planar and relatively car door (inwall 13) tilt, make along with its near the rear end, air bag 400 more protrudes in the crew department.In other words,, press the face of exerting pressure of occupant P in the bottom of air bag 400, corresponding with the inclined-plane 23 of first embodiment.So, in the side of the waist L of occupant P, arrange the face of exerting pressure so that the rear portion of its pelvis 111 around ilium 121, particularly, with acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 cooresponding positions in, the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.

The operation of airbag apparatus 401 is described below.

When sensor to when collision, trigger aerator 404, and carry high pressure gas to air bag 400.This just opens air bag 400, and begins to make air bag 400 to expand.When expanding, air bag 400 comprises waist L and shoulder with the part of bigger effect of contraction power occupant restraint P health.At this moment, another of collision car causes car door to projecting inward, produces squeezing action power to the right.When bearing predetermined squeezing action power, portion 405 inwardly (to the right) bending shown in Figure 13 B of exerting pressure.The length at air bag 400 middle parts is not more than the length of the length of seat back frame 31 and the portion 405 that exerts pressure.Like this, when curving inwardly, portion 405 middle part of extruding gasbag 400 in fact of exerting pressure.In other words, the middle part of air bag 400 is remained between portion of exerting pressure 405 and the seat back frame 31 tightly.

When being kept tightly, can not flow to top swimmingly from the gas of air bag 400 bottoms, and, air bag 400 roughly is divided into the upper and lower.Aerator 404 injects the bottom of air bag 400 with gas, and the deflation hole 406 that is positioned at air bag 400 tops is simultaneously discharged gas on air bag 400 tops.Like this, than top, the internal pressure of air bag 400 bottoms is higher relatively.The waist of occupant P thereby be subjected to the extruding of elevated pressures, chest then is subjected to the extruding of lower pressure.In the present embodiment, retainer 403 plays the effect of internal pressure regulating mechanism.In the present embodiment, when making air bag 400 separately, the internal pressure of air bag 400 bottoms is set in the scope of 150kPa to 250kPa, and than the internal pressure height on top.

Except the advantage of first embodiment (1) to (7) item, the 4th embodiment provides following advantage.

(15) take place and the portion 405 that exerts pressure when being subjected to the predetermined compression application force when vehicle side collision, side air bag 400 roughly is divided into the upper and lower.Owing to be formed for the deflation hole 406 of exhaust on air bag 400 tops, and to bottom supply gas from the aerator 404 that is used to produce gas, so, the height on the built-in pressure ratio top of air bag 400 bottoms, and the bottom of air bag 400 has the contact surface of the waist L side of contact occupant P.Therefore, when keeping being applied to the squeezing action power of waist L side, also can reduce the internal pressure on air bag 400 tops.In other words, if the internal pressure that increases air bag 400 bottoms to keep the shape of bottom, can make the internal pressure on top keep relatively low, the feasible chest that excessive squeezing action power can be applied to occupant P.

(the 5th embodiment)

The 5th embodiment of the present invention is described below.For those and the similar or identical component part of the corresponding component part of first embodiment, represent with similar or identical label, and omit or simplify its detailed explanation and diagram.

Figure 14 is illustrated side air bag 500 (hereafter is an air bag 500) schematically, plays the effect of impact absorption part 21.Airbag apparatus 501 with air bag 500 is contained in the housing (not shown), and housing is contained among the backrest 11b of seat 11.In the side collision of vehicle, make air bag 500 launch (and expansion) forward from backrest 11b, make the face of exerting pressure contact waist L (buttocks) and the chest of occupant P.Airbag apparatus 501 roughly is positioned at the middle part of backrest 11b above-below direction.

Airbag apparatus 501 has cylindrical shape retainer (not shown), gas generator and air bag 500.In the present embodiment, gas generator is the cylindrical shape aerator 504 that is arranged in retainer.Air bag 500 covers retainer and aerator 504.Expand (expansion) before, air bag 500 is contained in the housing with the state that remains between retainer and the housing.Aerator 504 holds gas generant, is used for deployment balloon 500 and makes its expansion.Inflation 504 has gas port 504a in its lower end, is used to discharge the gas that is produced by gas generant.Gas port 504a is to the bottom of air bag 500 injecting gas (representing gas flow with hollow arrow in Figure 14).Aerator 504 is connected with the impact detector or the sensor electrical that are used to detect in the vehicle body side collision.

Air bag 500 according to the 5th embodiment has a pair of cloth sheet of being made by fabric.The cloth sheet has identical size and identical shaped, and at periphery it is united by a seam to form air bag 500.Air bag 500 is contained in the housing with folded state.

As shown in figure 14, when expanding, air bag 500 ejects the cushion body 32 of backrest 11b, makes the upper lateral of air bag 500 be positioned at occupant's shoulder, and the middle part of air bag 500 laterally is positioned at chest, and the lower, transverse of air bag 500 is positioned at waist.In the top of air bag 500, form deflation hole 506, be used to discharge the many parts of crossing of gas.

Strand tether 502 is wrapped in the periphery at air bag 500 middle parts.The end of tether 502 is fixed on the seat back frame 31 of backrest 11b.End at tether 502 is provided with tether tightening system 505, to tighten up tether 502 to seat back frame 31.

In the bottom of air bag 500, the face of the exerting pressure Pd of air bag 500 contact occupant P, general planar and relatively car door (inwall 13) tilt, make along with its near the rear end, air bag 500 more protrudes in the crew department.In other words,, press the face of the exerting pressure Pd of occupant P in the bottom of air bag 500, corresponding with the inclined-plane 23 of first embodiment.So, in the side of the waist L of occupant P, arrange the face Pd that exerts pressure, make the rear portion of its pelvis 111 around ilium 121, particularly, with acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 cooresponding positions in, the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.

The operation of airbag apparatus 501 is described below.

When sensor to when collision, trigger aerator 504, and carry high pressure gas to air bag 500.This just opens air bag 500, and begins to make air bag 500 to expand.When expanding, air bag 500 comprises waist L and shoulder with the part of higher effect of contraction power occupant restraint P health.

When air bag 500 expand into to a certain degree, tether tightening system 505 tightens up an end of tether 502 to seat back frame 31 (direction of representing with downward arrow) in Figure 14.The middle part of tether 502 extruding gasbags 500 makes gas can not be swimmingly flow to top from the bottom of air bag 500.Therefore air bag 500 roughly is divided into the upper and lower.By the gas port 504a that forms in aerator 504 lower ends, aerator 504 injects the bottom of air bag 500 with gas, and deflation hole 506 is then discharged the gas on air bag 500 tops.Like this, than top, the internal pressure of air bag 500 bottoms is higher relatively.The waist of occupant P thereby be subjected to the extruding of elevated pressures, chest then is subjected to the extruding of lower pressure.The tether 502 of present embodiment and tether tightening system 505 play the effect of internal pressure regulating mechanism.In the present embodiment, when making air bag 500 separately, the internal pressure of air bag 500 bottoms (part of contact waist) is set in the scope of 150kPa to 250kPa, and than the internal pressure height on top.

Except the advantage of first embodiment (1) to (7) item, the 5th embodiment provides following advantage.

(16) when air bag 500 expands, the middle part of tether 502 extruding gasbags 500, inhibition gas is flowing to top from air bag 500 bottoms.In other words, when air bag 500 expands, make air bag 500 roughly be divided into the upper and lower.Owing to be formed for the deflation hole 506 of exhaust on the top of air bag 500, and to bottom supply gas from the aerator 504 that is used to produce gas, so, the height on the built-in pressure ratio top of air bag 500 bottoms, and the bottom of air bag 500 has the contact surface of the waist L side of contact occupant P.Therefore, when keeping being applied to the squeezing action power of waist L side, can reduce the internal pressure on air bag 500 tops.In other words, if the internal pressure of augmented airbag 500 bottoms to keep the shape of bottom, can make the internal pressure on top keep relatively low, the feasible chest that excessive squeezing action power can be applied to occupant P.

(the 6th embodiment)

The 6th embodiment of the present invention is described below.For those and the similar or identical component part of the corresponding component part of first embodiment, represent with similar or identical label, and omit or simplify its detailed explanation and diagram.

Figure 15 A to Figure 15 C is illustrated side air bag 600 (hereafter is an air bag 600) schematically, plays the effect of impact absorption part 21.Airbag apparatus 601 with air bag 600 is contained in the housing, and housing is contained among the backrest 11b of seat 11.In the side collision of vehicle, make air bag 600 launch (and expansion) forward from backrest 11b, make the face of exerting pressure contact waist L (buttocks) and the chest of occupant P.Airbag apparatus 601 roughly is positioned at the middle part of backrest 11b above-below direction.

Shown in Figure 15 A to Figure 15 B, airbag apparatus 601 has cylindrical shape retainer 603, gas generator and air bag 600.In the present embodiment, gas generator is the cylindrical shape aerator 604 that is arranged in retainer 603.Expand (expansion) before, air bag 600 is held with folded state.Aerator 604 holds gas generant, is used for deployment balloon 600 and makes its expansion.Aerator 604 has gas port, is used to discharge the gas that is produced by gas generant.Aerator 604 is connected with the impact detector or the sensor electrical that are used to detect in the vehicle body side collision.

Air bag 600 has a pair of cloth sheet of being made by fabric.The cloth sheet has identical size and identical shape, and at periphery it is united by a seam to form air bag 600.When expanding, air bag 600 ejects the cushion body of backrest 11b, makes the upper lateral of air bag 600 be positioned at occupant's shoulder, and the middle part of air bag 600 laterally is positioned at chest, and the lower, transverse of air bag 600 is positioned at waist.Than the upper and lower of air bag 600, the middle part of air bag 600 has short diameter.

At the middle part of air bag 600, the internal pressure regulating mechanism is set, be used for adjustments of gas flowing and direction at air bag 600.In the present embodiment, the internal pressure regulating mechanism is a kind of flow-controlling gate 605.Flow-controlling gate 605 has the structure similar to the human heart valve.Particularly, flow-controlling gate 605 comprises a plurality of (being 3 in the present embodiment) fanning strip 606.

Fanning strip 606 is made by cloth, and has fan shape separately, shown in Figure 15 C.With the side of fanning strip 606, promptly, be stitched together respectively from the side of corresponding center of arc to this circular arc one end extension.Particularly, fanning strip 606 is united by a seam, make arc roughly form full circle.Within a predetermined distance, to fan-shaped center, each fanning strip 606 and adjacent fanning strip 606 are sewed up, made fan-shaped core not be sewn to together from the end of circular arc.In other words, flow-controlling gate 605 is stitched together, makes gas can flow through the center of flow-controlling gate 605.

One end of long strand tether 607 is connected with the center of each fanning strip 606 (center that each is fan-shaped).The other end of each tether 607 is sewn on the inside face of side air bag 600 bottoms.The length of each tether 607, the center (positions at flow-controlling gate 605 places) when being shorter than from air bag 600 expansions slightly is to the distance of air bag 600 lower ends.On the top of air bag 600, form deflation hole 608, be used for discharging the many parts of crossing of air bag 600 gases.

In the bottom of air bag 600, the face of exerting pressure of air bag 600 contact occupant P, general planar and relatively car door (inwall 13) tilt, make along with its near the rear end, air bag 600 more protrudes in the crew department.In other words,, press the face of exerting pressure of occupant P in the bottom of air bag 600, corresponding with the inclined-plane 23 of first embodiment.So, in the side of the waist L of occupant P, arrange the face of exerting pressure so that the rear portion of its pelvis 111 around ilium 121, particularly, with acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 cooresponding positions in, the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.

The operation of airbag apparatus 601 is described below.

When sensor to when collision, trigger aerator 604, and carry high pressure gas to air bag 600.This just opens air bag 600, and begins to make air bag 600 to expand.When expanding, air bag 600 comprises waist L and shoulder with the part of higher effect of contraction power occupant restraint P health.

When shown in Figure 15 B, when air bag 600 expands, tether 607 is extended at utmost, make the center of fanning strip 606 can not surpass the bottom that preset distance further moves apart air bag 600.In this state, when the internal pressure of air bag 600 bottoms reached predeterminated level, the center of fanning strip 606 was pushed each other.So basic closure the centre hole of flow-controlling gate 605, and stop gas flow from air bag 600 tops.On the other hand, also stop gas to flow out from air bag 600 bottoms.This remains on predeterminated level with regard to the internal pressure that makes air bag 600 bottoms.Owing to form deflation hole 608 on air bag 600 tops, so than the internal pressure of bottom, the internal pressure on air bag top is relatively low.Therefore the waist L of occupant P is subjected to the extruding of elevated pressures, and chest and shoulder then are subjected to the extruding of lower pressure.In the present embodiment, when air bag 600 separately, make the internal pressure of air bag 600 bottoms (part of contact waist) be set in the scope of 150kPa to 250kPa, and than the internal pressure height on top.

Except the advantage of first embodiment (1) to (7) item, the 6th embodiment provides following advantage.

(17) flow-controlling gate 605 that is used for being adjusted in air bag 600 gas flow speed and flow direction is arranged on the middle part of air bag 600.So, can be with the waist of higher pressure pushing occupant P, simultaneously with lower pressure pushing chest and shoulder.On the other hand, owing to be formed for the deflation hole 608 of exhaust on the top of air bag 600, so, the height on the built-in pressure ratio top of the bottom of air bag 600, and the bottom of air bag 600 has the face of exerting pressure (contact surface) of contact occupant P waist L side.Therefore, when keeping being applied to the squeezing action power of waist L side, can reduce the internal pressure on air bag 600 tops.In other words, if the internal pressure of augmented airbag 600 bottoms to keep the shape of bottom, can make the internal pressure on top keep relatively low, the feasible chest that excessive squeezing action power can be applied to occupant P.

(the 7th embodiment)

The 7th embodiment of the present invention is described below.For those and the similar or identical component part of the corresponding component part of second embodiment, represent with similar or identical label, and omit or simplify its detailed explanation and diagram.

Figure 16 to Figure 17 B schematically illustrates the gas bag unit 700 that plays 21 effects of impact absorption part.Airbag apparatus 701 with gas bag unit 700 is contained in the housing (not shown), and housing is contained among the backrest 11b of seat 11.In the side collision of vehicle, make gas bag unit 700 launch (and expansion) forward from backrest 11b, make the face of exerting pressure contact waist L (buttocks) and the chest of occupant P.Airbag apparatus 701 roughly is positioned at the lower end of seat back frame 31.

Airbag apparatus 701 has cylindrical shape retainer, gas generator and gas bag unit 700.In the present embodiment, gas generator is the cylindrical shape aerator 704 that is arranged in retainer.Gas bag unit 700 covers retainer and aerator 704.Retainer and aerator 704 are positioned on the outside face 31b (towards the car door side) of seat back frame 31.Aerator 704 holds the gas generant (not shown), is used for deployment balloon 700 and makes its expansion.Aerator 704 has gas port, is used to discharge the gas that is produced by gas generant.Aerator 704 is connected with the impact detector or the sensor electrical that are used to detect in the vehicle body side collision.

Gas bag unit 700 comprises: side air bag 705, its extruding occupant P whole side from shoulder to waist L; And waist air bag 706, it only pushes the buttocks of occupant P.

Side air bag 705 has a pair of cloth sheet of being made by fabric.The cloth sheet has identical size and identical shape, and at periphery it is united by a seam to form air bag 705.Before the expansion, side air bag 705 is contained among the outside face 31b (towards the surface of car door) of seat back frame 31 with folded state.When expanding, side air bag 705 ejects the cushion body of backrest 11b, makes the upper lateral of side air bag 705 be positioned at occupant's shoulder, and the middle part of side air bag 705 laterally is positioned at chest, and the lower, transverse of side air bag 705 is positioned at waist.In side air bag 705, be formed for the deflation hole 708 of exhaust.

Waist air bag 706 has the cloth sheet of a pair of circular of being made by fabric.At periphery the cloth sheet is united by a seam to form waist air bag 706.Shown in Figure 17 A and Figure 17 B, waist air bag 706 is contained among the inside face 31a (with towards the opposite one side of the surperficial 31b of car door) of seat back frame 31 with folded state.In the present embodiment, be in size that the waist air bag 706 of deployed condition has can cover as shown in figure 16 be the circle of D (200mm to 250mm) around occupant P hip point H and diameter.As shown in figure 17, when expanding, side air bag 706 ejects the cushion body 32 of backrest 11b, and launches in the space that the waist L (buttocks) by seat portion 11a, backrest 11b, car door 10 (perhaps seat back frame 31) and occupant P is limited.

In seat back frame 31, form through hole 31c.Waist air bag 706 is connected with side air bag 705 by through hole 31c.In other words, by through hole 31c, the gas that waist air bag 706 is accepted from the aerator 704 that is arranged in side air bag 705.

The operation of airbag apparatus 701 is described below.

When sensor to when collision, trigger aerator 704, and carry high pressure gas to gas bag unit 700.This just opens gas bag unit 700 (side air bag 705 and waist air bag 706), and begins to make gas bag unit 700 to expand.

When expanding, side air bag 705 stretches out seat 11 from seam 35.When stretching out, side air bag 705 comprises waist L and shoulder with the part of bigger effect of contraction power occupant restraint P health.In the present embodiment, side air bag 705 is arranged to stretch out from seam 35.Yet, be used to allow that side air bag 705 stretches out can fracture portion 36 also can be positioned at other positions.

On the other hand, when waist air bag 706 expanded, seat back frame 31 bore the antagonistic force (if be arranged in right seat, antagonistic force points to the right side) that points to vehicle left side, and backrest 11b then bears antagonistic force backward.Therefore, make the right front portion expansion (direction among Figure 17 Bs by hollow arrow represented) of waist air bag 706 beginnings to vehicle.

If continue to make waist air bag 706 to expand, shown in Figure 17 B, what form in the seat crust 34 of cushion body 32 can fracture portion 36 places, and waist air bag 706 hits wears cushion body 32.Can fracture portion 36 be positioned at seat back frame 31 inboards, and be located at the position (compare with the seam 35 that is used to sew up cushion body 32 masks, more be close to the centre of seat 11) of occupant P waist L back, and extend at above-below direction.

At this moment, side air bag 705 bears the antagonistic force that points to vehicle left side from waist air bag 706, and backrest 11b bears antagonistic force backward.In view of the above, the face of the exerting pressure Pf of waist air bag 706 contact occupant P, form general planar and relatively car door (inwall 13) tilt, make along with its near the rear end, waist air bag 706 more protrudes in the crew department.Pressing the face of the exerting pressure Pf of occupant P, corresponding with the inclined-plane 23 of first embodiment.So, in the waist L side of occupant P, arrange the face Pf that exerts pressure so that the rear portion of its pelvis 111 around ilium 121, particularly, with acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 cooresponding positions in, the waist L (buttocks) of contact occupant P.

In other words, waist air bag 706 expands, and makes face Pf (inclined-plane 23) car door (inwall 13) and seat back frame 31 inclinations relatively at a predetermined angle of exerting pressure, thus along with its near the rear end, make waist air bag 706 more protrude in the crew department.Because side air bag 705 and backrest 11b bear the antagonistic force from waist air bag 706, when expanding, waist air bag 706 is to the buttocks of vehicle front and right-hand member (in Figure 17 B by the hollow arrow indicated direction) extruding occupant P.Airbag apparatus 701 is positioned at the bottom of seat back frame 31, and is usually less than the buttocks of occupant P.Therefore, along with its near the lower end, the face Pf of exerting pressure more protrudes in the crew department.Because seat portion 11a bears the antagonistic force from waist air bag 706 directed downwards, so, make waist air bag 706 can upwards push the buttocks of occupant P.In the present embodiment, when expanding, the internal pressure of waist air bag 706 is set in the scope from 150kPa to 250kPa.

Except that (1) to (7) advantage of first embodiment, the 7th embodiment provides following advantage.

(18) use side air bag 705 and waist air bag 706 simultaneously.Because side air bag 705 is protected waist L in the lateral expansion of occupant P waist L, so waist air bag 706 and side air bag 705 make gas bag unit 700 have enough thickness at the rear portion.Like this, waist air bag 706 expands, and makes the face Pf that exerts pressure tilt with respect to car door and seat back frame 31 at a predetermined angle, and, along with its near the rear end, make waist air bag 706 more protrude in the crew department.So, with the cooresponding position of part of acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 in or with occupant P skeletal structure in ilium 121 cooresponding positions in, waist air bag 706 contacts the waist L of occupant P reliably.

(19) waist air bag 706 is connected with side air bag 705, makes gas flow in waist air bag 706.So, waist air bag 706 can with side air bag 705 shared same aerators 704.In other words, the quantity of aerator is minimized.This has just reduced manufacturing cost and assembling easily.

(20) in side air bag 705, form deflation hole 708 simultaneously, in waist air bag 706, do not form deflation hole.So the internal pressure of waist air bag 706 is higher than the internal pressure of side air bag 705.Like this, with respect to lateral direction of car, can be with than being applied to the waist L that the bigger squeezing action power in occupant P trunk top is applied to occupant P.

Above-mentioned embodiment can be as following further embodiment make amendment (embodiment of change).

In second to the 7th embodiment, air bag 200 to the face of exerting pressure (surface of contact waist) of air bag 700 roughly is flat.Yet the face of exerting pressure also can form like this, makes that fore-and-aft direction and/or above-below direction protrude with arcuate fashion relatively at the middle part.In this case, the part of the face of exerting pressure at least, the center of the face of preferably exerting pressure, the rear portion of pelvis 111 around the ilium 121 in the contact occupant P skeletal structure.This face of exerting pressure on the one hand of first embodiment can be recessed at the center with respect to travel direction and/or above-below direction, makes that the face of exerting pressure conforms to the shape of the waist L (buttocks) of occupant P.

In the 3rd embodiment, an end of tether 303 is fixed on the seat back frame 31.Yet this end of tether 303 also can be fixed on seat portion 11a and go up (being fixed on cushion frames or the recliner assembly particularly).Fixed end place at tether 303 also can be provided with the tether tightening system.When air bag 300 expand into to a certain degree, the tether tightening system began to tighten up tether 303.

In the 4th embodiment, tether 502 is wrapped in the periphery of air bag 500.Selectively, tether 502 can be fixed in outside face at air bag 500 front middle parts.In the 3rd embodiment, tether tightening system 505 is set to tighten up tether 502 at an end place of tether 502.Yet, also can save tether tightening system 505.In this case, need to shorten the length of tether 502, make when expanding the middle part of compression bladder 500.

In the second and the 7th embodiment, the back at the backrest 11b of seat 11 can be provided with the plane reaction plate as the counteraction absorbing component, makes the antagonistic force that is applied to air bag 200 by backrest 11b increase.

In the second and the 7th embodiment, air bag 200 (and waist air bag 706) can form tetrahedron.A kind of like this air bag is formed by an equilateral triangle sheet material and three equicrural triangle sheet materials, with its formation triangular pyramid that unites by a seam.In this case, arrange air bag, make a side (equicrural triangle) contact seat portion 11a, a side (another equicrural triangle) contact backrest 11b, and a side (remaining equicrural triangle) contact car door 10 (and seat back frame 31).The face of exerting pressure (positive triangle) that this configuration allows air bag reliably along with its near the rear end, more protrude and enter in the crew department, and along with its near the lower end, more protrude and enter in the crew department.

In the 3rd to the 6th embodiment, form air bag 300,400,500,600, make the surperficial general planar of contact occupant P waist L and tilt, with along with it more protrudes in the crew department near the rear end with respect to car door (inwall 13).Yet these surfaces needn't necessarily need make its inclination.In this case, on the surface in the middle of the vehicle, a protrusion that separates with the side air bag is set at car door or door trim, its surperficial general planar and at a predetermined angle relatively car door (inwall 13) tilt, with along with its near the rear end, more protrude in the crew department.Under the situation of using the side air bag, the waist L that this structure allows occupant P in the position corresponding to acetabular bone 125 rear pelvises 111 parts, perhaps in the position corresponding to ilium 121, bears squeese pressure in the skeletal structure of occupant P.

The 3rd embodiment can with any combination of the 4th to the 7th embodiment.Second embodiment can with any combination of the 3rd to the 6th embodiment.In addition, any of the 3rd embodiment, the 7th embodiment and the 4th to the 6th embodiment can make up.

Therefore, it is illustrative and nonrestrictive that example that provides and embodiment should be regarded as, and the present invention is not limited to the concrete narration that this paper provides, but can make amendment within the scope of claims and equivalent replacement.

Claims (28)

1. method that is used for sitting in the protection of the side collision of vehicle the occupant on the seat is characterized in that:

With described occupant's skeletal structure in the corresponding position of pelvis at acetabular bone rear, utilize the impact absorption part to retrain described occupant's waist,

Wherein, in the side collision of described vehicle, described impact absorption part contacts described occupant's waist from the oblique rear of described occupant.

2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the side collision of described vehicle, described impact absorption part contacts with described waist, conforms to the pelvis shape with position, described acetabular bone rear.

3. method that is used for sitting in the protection of the side collision of vehicle the occupant on the described seat is characterized in that:

With described occupant's skeletal structure in the corresponding position of ilium in, utilize the impact absorption part to retrain described occupant's waist,

Wherein, in the side collision of described vehicle, described impact absorption part at first contacts described waist at the position corresponding to described ilium.

4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: in the side collision of described vehicle, described impact absorption part contacts described waist from the oblique rear of described occupant.

According to claim 1 to each described method of claim 3, it is characterized in that:

In the side collision of described vehicle, along with approaching to the rear end with respect to described vehicle heading, described impact absorption part more protrudes into described vehicle interior in the inclination mode, and under this state, described impact absorption part contacts described waist.

According to claim 1 to each described method of claim 3, it is characterized in that:

The load that is applied to described occupant in the side collision of described vehicle is passed to described occupant's articulatio sacroiliaca.

According to claim 1 to each described method of claim 3, it is characterized in that:

In the side collision of described vehicle, reduce to be applied in described occupant's the load and be delivered to trochiterian load component.

8. structure that is used for sitting in the protection of the side collision of vehicle the occupant on the seat is characterized in that:

Be positioned at crew department's impact absorption part, be used to retrain the waist that sits in the described occupant on the described seat,

Wherein, arrange described impact absorption part in such a way, make in the side collision of described vehicle, with the corresponding position of the pelvis at acetabular bone rear, described impact absorption part contacts described waist, and

Wherein, described impact absorption part comprises the inclined-plane, and described inclined-plane contacts described occupant's described waist from the oblique rear of described occupant.

9. structure that is used for sitting in the protection of the side collision of vehicle the occupant on the seat is characterized in that:

Be positioned at crew department's impact absorption part, be used to retrain the waist that sits in the described occupant on the described seat,

Wherein, arrange described impact absorption part in such a way, make in the side collision of described vehicle, with the corresponding position of ilium in, described impact absorption part contacts described waist, and

Described impact absorption part comprises the inclined-plane, and described inclined-plane contacts described occupant's described waist from the oblique rear of described occupant.

10. according to Claim 8 or the described structure of claim 9, it is characterized in that: along with approaching to rear end with respect to described vehicle heading, described inclined-plane more protrudes into described vehicle interior in the inclination mode, and under this state, described inclined-plane contacts described occupant's described waist.

11. according to Claim 8 or the described structure of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described impact absorption part is configured to, in the side collision of described vehicle, protrudes in the described crew department from the vehicle body of described vehicle.

12. structure according to claim 11 is characterized in that: described impact absorption part comprises air bag.

13. according to Claim 8 or the described structure of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described impact absorption part always protrudes in the described crew department from the vehicle body of described vehicle.

14. structure according to claim 11 is characterized in that: in the seat portion of described seat or backrest, described impact absorption part is set.

15. structure according to claim 11 is characterized in that: the door of described vehicle decorate or inner panel in described impact absorption part is set.

16. according to Claim 8 or the described structure of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described seat comprises the seat portion of the buttocks and the thigh that are used to support described occupant, and the backrest that contacts described occupant's back,

Wherein, described backrest has and is positioned at its tabular seat back frame at the lateral direction of car end, and each seat back frame is arranged to, and makes the plane of each seat back frame parallel with above-below direction with the fore-and-aft direction of described vehicle, and

Wherein, described impact absorption part comprises the waist air bag, make described waist airbag inflation to the size that can contact described waist at the predetermined position of occupant's skeletal structure, described relatively vehicle laterally, described waist air bag is arranged on the inside face of described seat back frame bottom of more close described vehicle outside.

17. structure according to claim 16 is characterized in that: bear counteraction bearing piece, make described waist air bag can contact described waist at the predetermined position of occupant's skeletal structure from the antagonistic force of described waist air bag.

18. structure according to claim 17 is characterized in that: described counteraction bearing piece limits the expansion direction of described waist air bag, makes described waist air bag oppress described waist at predetermined direction.

19. structure according to claim 17 is characterized in that: described counteraction bearing piece bears the described antagonistic force of described waist air bag by this way, moves to the space outside the predetermined space to prevent described waist air bag.

20. according to Claim 8 or the described structure of claim 9, it is characterized in that: described impact absorption part comprises the side air bag, and described side air bag in the lateral expansion of described seat, comprises the occupant side of waist side at least with protection by this way.

21. structure according to claim 20, it is characterized in that: the tether of long strand, having an end is fixed on the described side air bag, the other end then is fixed on the described seat, wherein, when making described side airbag inflation, described tether limits described side air bag lower front end moving to described vehicle front, thereby increase the thickness of bottom on lateral direction of car of described side air bag, make described side air bag bottom contact the predetermined position of described waist.

22. structure according to claim 20, it is characterized in that: the tether of long strand, having an end is fixed on the described side air bag, the other end then is fixed on the described seat, wherein, described tether limits described side air bag lower front end to the moving of described vehicle front, and makes the fore-and-aft direction of relative vehicle, at the side air bag bottom at rear portion lateral direction of car thickness greater than fore side air bag bottom lateral direction of car thickness.

23. structure according to claim 20, it is characterized in that: described side air bag comprises top, bottom and the middle part between described top and described bottom, described bottom contacts described waist side, wherein, the internal pressure regulating mechanism is positioned at described middle part, and described internal pressure regulating mechanism makes the internal pressure of described bottom be higher than the internal pressure on described top.

24. structure according to claim 23 is characterized in that: aerator is used for to described side air bag underfeed gas; The deflation hole that is used for exhaust is formed on described side air bag top,

Wherein, described seat comprises the seat portion of the buttocks and the thigh that are used to support described occupant, and the backrest that contacts described occupant's back,

Wherein, described backrest has and is positioned at its tabular seat back frame at the lateral direction of car end, and each seat back frame is arranged to, and makes the plane of each seat back frame parallel with above-below direction with the fore-and-aft direction of described vehicle, and

Wherein, described relatively vehicle fore-and-aft direction, the size at described side air bag middle part is set at the size that is less than or equal to described seat back frame,

Wherein, described internal pressure regulating mechanism comprises the portion of exerting pressure, before the side collision of described vehicle, the described portion that exerts pressure separates preset distance with described seat back frame, described relatively vehicle fore-and-aft direction, the size of the described portion that exerts pressure be more than or equal to the size of described side air bag, and

Wherein, when bearing the squeezing action power of described lateral direction of car, the described portion's bending of exerting pressure makes the middle part that the described portion that exerts pressure keeps described air bag with described seat back frame.

25. structure according to claim 23 is characterized in that: aerator is used for to described side air bag underfeed gas; The deflation hole that is used for exhaust is formed on described side air bag top,

Wherein, described internal pressure regulating mechanism comprises long strand tether, the end of described tether is fixed on described seat and the tightening system, described tether is wrapped in around the described side air bag middle part, wherein, when making described side airbag inflation, described tightening system tightens up described tether by this way, to push described side air bag middle part.

26. structure according to claim 23 is characterized in that: aerator is used for to the described top of described side air bag supply gas; The deflation hole that is used for exhaust is formed on the described top of described side air bag,

Wherein, described internal pressure regulating mechanism comprises flow-controlling gate, wherein, before described airbag inflation, described flow-controlling gate allows gas to flow to described bottom from the described top of described side air bag, and, wherein, when the internal pressure of the side air bag bottom of expanding reaches predeterminated level, described internal pressure regulating mechanism restriction gas flowing from described bottom to described top.

27. structure according to claim 26, it is characterized in that: described flow-controlling gate comprises a plurality of fanning strips, wherein, each side of described fanning strip extends to circular arc one end from the center of arc of respective sector sheet, described side seams is lumped together, wherein, the described center of arc of each fanning strip is connected with an end of long strand tether, the other end of described long strand tether is connected with the inside face of described side air bag lower end, wherein, the length of described tether is equal to or less than from the middle part of the side air bag that expands to the distance of described lower end.

28. structure according to claim 16; it is characterized in that: described impact absorption part comprises the side air bag; described side air bag expands by this way in the side of described seat, comprises the occupant side of waist side at least with protection, wherein; described side air bag is positioned on the outside face of described seat back frame; and described seat back frame is provided with described waist air bag, and, wherein; in described seat back frame, form through hole, between described waist air bag and described side air bag, flow to allow gas.

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