CN100437509C - Monitoring device for operation of hardware element - Google Patents
Monitoring device for operation of hardware element Download PDFInfo
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- CN100437509C CN100437509C CNB2005101277949A CN200510127794A CN100437509C CN 100437509 C CN100437509 C CN 100437509C CN B2005101277949 A CNB2005101277949 A CN B2005101277949A CN 200510127794 A CN200510127794 A CN 200510127794A CN 100437509 C CN100437509 C CN 100437509C
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Abstract
The invention is a hardware device operation monitoring device, detecting load current change caused by hardware device operation by PWM module, and generating voltage variation by this, a monitoring unit detects the voltage variation and outputs detection result to system and responds to the monitoring signal returned from the system according to the detection result, and generates modulation signal so as to make a control unit change voltage reference according to the modulation signal. Thus, when the load of the hardware device increases, the load current will change with it to make the control unit change the generated voltage reference so as to modulate output voltage that the PWM module supplies to the hardware device to make the output voltage accord with executing state of the hardware device and improve performance of the hardware device.
Description
Technical field
The invention relates to a kind of monitoring device for operation of hardware element, especially for load current according to the running that responds hardware element, and required voltage and the core frequency of regulation and control hardware element.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of science and technology, people more and more rely on the use of signal conditioning package, and are little of family and individual greatly to national government, business system, reach the efficient of raising work for convenience, and the frequency of operation of relative information handling system also promotes day by day.
Therefore, by the super/frequency reducing of computer fittings or interfacing equipment, making information handling system give play to best usefulness is one of at present the most frequently used method.With the display card is example, has graphic process unit (graphic process ing unit on display card; GPU), it is specifically designed to handles two dimension, 3-D view, is to instruct by clock signal to carry out and the operations such as access of storer synchronous.Therefore, when when improving the frequency of these a little clock signals artificially, can improve the performance of display card.
The method of adjustment of known frequency of operation (clock frequency) for display card, just so-called " overclocking " or " frequency reducing ", the overwhelming majority is all utilized manual manipulation mode adjustment by the user.In other words, the overclocking person of typically using of display card is come core (core) frequency and the video memory frequency of manual adjustment display card by application software.Wherein, adjusting core frequency promptly is that the core of GPU is carried out overclocking/frequency reducing, is similar in this respect central processing unit (central processing unit; Overclocking/the frequency reducing of internal frequency CPU).And adjust the video memory frequency promptly is the access speed of increase/minimizing graphics cache, uses the ink-bottle effect that reduces storer, is identical reason with adjust to obtain bigger bandwidth of memory for the outer frequency of motherboard in this respect.
Yet, each artificial adjust frequency of operation before, the user must the reference manual explanation, and cooperate the setting of other peripheral cell, can carry out frequency modulation work smoothly, not only running program is quite loaded down with trivial details, and then causes the frequency modulation mistake easily when user's relevant knowledge is not enough.When frequency modulation is excessive or not enough, tends to cause the added burden in the running, and then cause the unnecessary loss of related hardware element, so that reduce serviceable life.Moreover when carrying out manual frequency modulation, after overclocking, if the user does not carry out before the frequency reducing action again, the state that display card just must be in overclocking always uses, and so not only expends electric power, also may shorten the life-span of display card.
Therefore, at present manyly be engaged in how relevant research and development field personages are devoted to automatically and adjust hardware element when dynamically carrying out operating parameters, use and avoid artificial intervention, and then the generation of minimizing element consume, and computer fittings or interfacing equipment are often remained under the optimized state, to bring into play maximum operational effectiveness.Yet, from the above, in the adjustment process of hardware element operating parameters, how to provide reference settings value accurately, will be to reach automatically and a big emphasis of dynamically adjusting.Therefore, for how setting value accurately is provided, also be an epochmaking research topic in this relevant research and development field.
Summary of the invention
In view of above problem; fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of monitoring device for operation of hardware element; solving to provide automatically and dynamically adjust the parameter in hardware element when running and the problem of required reference settings value in prior art; and then promote the usefulness of hardware element, and increase the control of its protection mechanism.
Therefore, for reaching above-mentioned purpose, the monitoring device for operation of the disclosed hardware element of the present invention is used to regulate and control to offer the output voltage of hardware element, wherein hardware element is to operate in a system, and this monitoring device for operation includes pulse width modulation module, monitoring unit and control module.
In this, pulse width modulation module is used for producing output voltage according to reference voltage and gives hardware element, and detect the load current change that the running because of hardware element produces, producing voltage variety according to this detects to monitoring unit, use the output testing result and give system, this system can give monitoring unit according to the pilot signal of testing result passback, monitoring unit then responds this monitoring unit and produces modulation signal, causing control module to produce new reference voltage according to this modulation signal, and then pulse width modulation module is modulated its output voltage according to this.In other words, when the load of hardware element increases, its current consumption also can increase relatively, thereby the load current of pulse width modulation module output promptly can change, with this as with reference to so that the reference voltage that the control module adjustment produces, and pulse width modulation module changes the output voltage that offers hardware element according to this, makes its executing state that meets hardware element and improves performance (performance).
Wherein, control module comprises signal converter and reference voltage generator; Signal converter can convert modulation signal to one group of control signal, and reference voltage generator produces new reference voltage according to this group control signal.In this, each element all can be realized by integrated circuit respectively.Moreover, have conversion table in this signal converter, convert modulation signal to control signal according to this conversion table, change the required voltage of hardware element to reach.In addition, this reference voltage generator has parameter list in also, according to this parameter list and control signal to modulate its reference voltage.
Moreover monitoring unit can pass through I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit; Internal integrated circuit) bus and linking up with control module, hardware element and/or system.Wherein, this monitoring unit can be hardware monitor.
In addition, pulse width modulation module can have integrated circuit, power switch, output circuit, first impedor and second impedor; In this, the control signal that integrated circuit system produces according to control module changes the reference voltage of generation, and then the conducting of regulation and control power switch, so that the input power supply inputs to output circuit, and provides output voltage to hardware element according to this by output circuit; At this moment, first impedor can produce load current according to the load condition of hardware element and give integrated circuit, and integrated circuit is obtained reference current and is compared from the output of power switch, learn current change quantity according to this, convert to behind the voltage variety and offer monitoring unit via second impedor again and detect.Wherein, power switch can be by mos field effect transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effecttransistor; MOSFET) form.And this input power supply can be provided by a power supply (power source).
In addition, when hardware element had heat dissipation element, monitoring unit also can be regulated and control the running of heat dissipation element according to pilot signal.
In this, hardware element (for example: graphic process unit (graphic processingunit can be processor; GPU) or central processing unit (central processing unit; CPU) etc.), storer etc.And heat dissipation element can be fan.
Relevant characteristics and implementation of the present invention cooperate diagram to be described in detail as follows as most preferred embodiment now.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the summary structure of demonstration according to the monitoring device for operation of the hardware element of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the summary structure of demonstration according to the monitoring device for operation of the hardware element of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the summary structure of demonstration according to the monitoring device for operation of the hardware element of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the summary structure that shows according to an embodiment of width modulation of the present invention (PWM) module; And
Fig. 5 is the summary structure of demonstration according to the monitoring device for operation of the hardware element of fourth embodiment of the invention.
[main element label declaration]
The monitoring device for operation of 100 hardware elements
110 pulse width modulation modules
112 integrated circuit
114 power switches
116 output circuits
118 first impedors
119 second impedors
120 monitoring units
122 hardware monitors
130 control modules
132 signal converters
134 reference voltage generators
200 power supplys
300 hardware elements
310 power modules
320 heat dissipation elements
400 systems
500 graphic process unit (GPU)
510 power modules
520 fans
Vi imports power supply
The Vr reference voltage
The Vd voltage variety
The Vo pulse-width signal
The I1 load current
Interface high-speed transfer interface
I2C internal integrated circuit (I2C) interface
Embodiment
Below enumerate specific embodiment describing content of the present invention in detail, and with diagram as aid illustration.The label of mentioning in the explanation is with reference to reference numerals.
With reference to Fig. 1, be to show the summary structure of the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to an embodiment of the invention; The monitoring device for operation 100 of this hardware element has width modulation (pulse widthmodulation; PWM) module 110, monitoring unit 120 and control module 130.
This PWM module 110 connects the power module 310 of power supply (power source) 200 and hardware element 300, to receive input power supply from power supply 200, and provide output voltage to power module 310 according to reference voltage, to provide hardware element 300 required electric power.
When the load of hardware element 300 increases, can increase the electric current that PWM module 110 is supplied to power module 310 relatively.At this moment, load current can feed back to PWM module 110, and learns current change quantity according to this load current, converts this current change quantity to voltage variety again and offer monitoring unit 120 to detect, and produces testing result according to this.The application program of system 400 can be converted to this testing result actual current value, return pilot signal according to this actual current value corresponding to the set modulation project of application program, carry out the adjustment of every operating parameters of hardware element 300 with control monitoring unit 120.
Wherein, monitoring unit 120 is understood the response monitoring signals and is produced modulation signal, 130 of control modules produce new reference voltage according to this modulation signal, so that PWM module 110 is supplied with the output voltage of hardware element 300 according to this reference voltage modulation, and then make it meet the executing state of hardware element 300.In this, each element can be realized by one or more integrated circuit respectively.
Wherein, control module 130 can comprise signal converter 132 and reference voltage generator 134, as shown in Figure 2; Signal converter 132 can convert modulation signal to one group of control signal, so that reference voltage generator 134 produces new reference voltage according to this group control signal.In this, each element all can be realized by integrated circuit respectively.
In addition, because most hardware element 300 all can produce a large amount of heat when running, therefore need assist hardware element 300 heat radiations,, also can regulate and control the running of the heat dissipation element 320 of this corresponding hardware element 300 according to supervising device of the present invention in this by heat dissipation element 320; In other words, the application program of system 400 can be converted to the testing result from monitoring unit 120 actual current value, and return pilot signal corresponding to the set modulation project of application program, at this moment, but monitoring unit 120 produces modulation signal and gives the control module 130 except the response monitoring signal, more can adjust the running of the heat dissipation element 320 of corresponding hardware element 300 according to this modulation signal, as shown in Figure 3.
Wherein, this hardware element (for example: graphic process unit (graphic processingunit can be processor; GPU) or central processing unit (central processing unit; CPU) etc.), storer etc.And the heat dissipation element of corresponding hardware element can be fan.
With reference to Fig. 4, be the PWM module | embodiment; This PWM module 110 has integrated circuit 112, power switch 114, output circuit 116, first impedor 118 and second impedor 119.In this, the reference voltage Vr that integrated circuit 112 produces according to the control module (not shown), and the conducting of control power switch 114, input to output circuit 116 with the input power supply Vi that causes the power supply (not shown) to be provided, and produce output voltage according to this, to provide hardware element 300 required electric power.At this moment, the load current I1 because of the running of hardware element produces through first impedor 118, thereby produces potential difference (PD), and then feeds back to integrated circuit 112, learns current change quantity according to this potential difference (PD).This current change quantity converts voltage variety Vd to via second impedor 119, detects to offer the monitoring unit (not shown).Wherein, power switch can utilize mos field effect transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor; MOSFET) form.
This monitoring unit can be hardware monitor (hardware monitor; H/W monitor).In this, because the structure and the operation principles of monitoring unit be well known to those skilled in the art, so repeat no more in this.
For instance, suppose and to be applied on the display card according to one embodiment of the invention that at this moment, hardware element can be graphic process unit (graphic processing unit; GPU) 500, and this GPU 500 has fan 520, to assist GPU 500 heat radiations, as shown in Figure 5; Wherein, this display card is by the high-speed transfer interface interface on the GPU500, for example: peripheral cell connects high-speed transfer interface (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express interface; PCI-Einterface), AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port/Advanced Graphics Port; Accelerated Graphics Port/advanced graphics interface) etc., link up with the performance element (it can be central processing unit) of system, so hardware monitor 122 (being above-mentioned monitoring unit), signal converter 132 and GPU 500 are by I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit; Internal integrated circuit) bus and communicating with each other, in other words, hardware monitor 122 is connected to I2C interface on the GPU 500 via the I2C bus, links up via high-speed transfer interface interface on the GPU 500 and system again; In other words, hardware monitor 122 is connected to I2C interface on the GPU 500 via the I2C bus, links up with system via the high-speed transfer interface interface on the GPU 500 again.In this, when system converts three-dimensional (three-dimensional to from general environment of operation (for example: online, document are handled or state such as movie); 3D) environment of operation (for example: in the time of states such as 3D recreation or Flame Image Process), the charge capacity of GPU 500 on the display card promptly can increase, and can increase its current consumption relatively, PWM module 110 is utilized the mode of current sense, learn current change quantity and obtain load current and use, and then this current change quantity is converted to micro-voltage, detect to offer hardware monitor 122, this moment hardware monitor 122 detected numerical value, can send the application program of system by the I2C bus to via GPU 500, be converted into actual current value via application program, and the executive routine that utilizes this actual current value to set by application program, and the passback pilot signal is given hardware monitor 122, thereby hardware monitor 122 can be carried out some supervisory control actions according to this pilot signal, for example: electric current shows, the operating voltage adjustment of GPU 500/ storer, overload protection mechanism, fan 520 rotating speeds show and control, the frequency of operation of GPU 500/ storer shows and changes, reaches the temperature demonstration of GPU 500/ storer etc.; Wherein, hardware monitor 122 is understood the response monitoring signals and is produced modulation signal, and sending signal converter 132 to by the I2C bus, this signal converter 132 converts modulation signal to one or more groups GPIO (General-Purpose Input/Output according to wherein built-in conversion table; General input and output) signal (promptly, above-mentioned control signal), then, the built-in parameter list of 134 foundations of reference voltage generator changes the reference voltage that offers PWM module 110, and then changes the voltage that PWM module 110 offers the power module 510 of GPU 500.Thus, the execution repeatedly by above-mentioned each element can reach raising usefulness and monitoring.
Though the present invention discloses as above with aforesaid preferred embodiment; so it is not to be used to limit the present invention; any those skilled in the art; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; when can doing a little change and retouching, therefore protection domain of the presently claimed invention must be looked the appended claim scope person of defining of this instructions and is as the criterion.
Claims (15)
1. the monitoring device for operation of a hardware element is used to regulate and control the required output voltage of this hardware element, and wherein this hardware element is to operate in a system, includes:
Pulse width modulation module is used for producing this output voltage according to reference voltage, and detects the load current that the running because of this hardware element produces and produce voltage variety according to this;
Monitoring unit is used to detect this voltage variety and gives this system with the output testing result, and receives this testing result of this system responses and the pilot signal that returns, produces modulation signal according to this; And
Control module is used for adjusting this reference voltage that is produced according to this modulation signal,
This pulse width modulation module wherein includes:
Power switch is used for receiving the input power supply;
Output circuit is used for producing this output voltage according to this input power supply of this power switch of flowing through, uses the running that drives this hardware element;
First impedor receives this load current and produces potential difference (PD) according to this;
Integrated circuit is used for controlling according to this reference voltage the conducting of this power switch, and learns current change quantity by this potential difference (PD); And
Second impedor is used for converting this current change quantity to this voltage variety.
2. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, this control module wherein includes:
Signal converter is used for converting this modulation signal to one group of control signal; And
Reference voltage generator is used for producing this reference voltage according to this group control signal.
3. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 2, wherein this signal converter is an integrated circuit.
4. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 3 wherein has conversion table in this integrated circuit, to convert this modulation signal to this group control signal according to this conversion table.
5. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 2, wherein this group control signal is one group of above general input/output signal.
6. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 2, wherein this reference voltage generator is an integrated circuit.
7. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 6 wherein has parameter list in this integrated circuit, to produce this reference voltage according to this parameter list with this group control signal.
8. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, wherein this monitoring unit is to link up with this control module by internal integrate circuit bus.
9. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, wherein this monitoring unit is to link up with this hardware element by internal integrate circuit bus.
10. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, wherein this monitoring unit is to link up with this system by internal integrate circuit bus.
11. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, wherein this power switch includes at least one mos field effect transistor.
12. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, wherein this input power supply is from a power supply.
13. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, wherein this monitoring unit is an integrated circuit.
14. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 13, wherein this integrated circuit is a hardware monitor.
15. the monitoring device for operation of hardware element according to claim 1, wherein when this hardware element had heat dissipation element, this monitoring unit was used for regulating and control according to this pilot signal the running of this heat dissipation element.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2005101277949A CN100437509C (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2005-12-07 | Monitoring device for operation of hardware element |
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| CNB2005101277949A CN100437509C (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2005-12-07 | Monitoring device for operation of hardware element |
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| CN1979442A CN1979442A (en) | 2007-06-13 |
| CN100437509C true CN100437509C (en) | 2008-11-26 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106407084A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-15 | 郑州艾莫弗信息技术有限公司 | Computer voltage monitoring circuit |
| CN107330847A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-07 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | The overclocking control method and electronic equipment of a kind of video card |
| CN110515446A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-29 | 广东浪潮大数据研究有限公司 | A kind of server and its power supply and power consumption monitoring circuit |
| CN111782448A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-16 | 长沙景嘉微电子股份有限公司 | Chip self-detection method, device, chip, display system and storage medium |
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| CN1448845A (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-15 | 华邦电子股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for adjusting execution performance adapted for electronic installation |
| CN1665111A (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-07 | 亚洲光学股份有限公司 | Power supply stabilizing device having active ballasting function and method thereof |
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| CN1118917C (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | 神基科技股份有限公司 | Control device and method for changing charge current with system load |
| JP2002027754A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-25 | Toshiba Corp | Redundant power supply and its control method |
| CN1448845A (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-15 | 华邦电子股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for adjusting execution performance adapted for electronic installation |
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