CN100435902C - Cyclonic gas-liquid and liquid-liquid separator - Google Patents
Cyclonic gas-liquid and liquid-liquid separator Download PDFInfo
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及旋流气液、液液分离器,包括立式结构的螺旋管主体、安装在底盘上的支架,通过支架上的固定组件,将螺旋管主体固定在支架上成为一整体,组装好的整体装入所述的容器内;所述的螺旋管主体总圈数为N,螺旋管主体的上部分有4圈为带孔段,带孔段以下为封闭段,带孔段的每一圈在圆周上均匀开有圆孔,相邻两圈的之间隔一段不带孔螺旋管为调整段;螺旋管主体的上面的第一圈末端口连通一输出管,其输出管6穿出容器,在穿出段上安装有阀门;螺旋管主体的下面的最后一圈末端口连通一输入管,其输入管穿出容器,在穿出段上安装有阀门。该分离器体积小和压力损失小、重量轻、结构简单、分离效率高,特别适合海上平台等特殊场合下的多相分离。
The invention relates to a cyclone gas-liquid and liquid-liquid separator, which includes a vertical structure spiral tube main body and a bracket installed on the chassis, through the fixing components on the bracket, the spiral tube main body is fixed on the bracket to form a whole, assembled Entirely packed into the container; the total number of coils of the spiral tube main body is N, and the upper part of the spiral tube main body has 4 circles as a section with holes, and the following section is a closed section with holes, and each circle of the section with holes There are circular holes evenly on the circumference, and a spiral tube without holes is separated between two adjacent circles as an adjustment section; the end port of the first circle above the main body of the spiral tube is connected to an output pipe, and the output pipe 6 passes through the container. A valve is installed on the passing-out section; the end port of the last circle below the main body of the spiral pipe is connected with an input pipe, and the input pipe passes through the container, and a valve is installed on the passing-out section. The separator has small volume, small pressure loss, light weight, simple structure and high separation efficiency, and is especially suitable for multi-phase separation in special occasions such as offshore platforms.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种分离器,特别是涉及一种用于工业上互不相溶,且具有密度差的气液或液液的初步分离的螺旋管旋流气液、液液分离器。The invention relates to a separator, in particular to a helical tube swirl gas-liquid and liquid-liquid separator used for preliminary separation of gas-liquid or liquid-liquid which are industrially immiscible and have density difference.
背景技术 Background technique
目前,离心力和重力分离原理被广泛用于分离领域,其中以具有锥形筒的旋风分离器为代表。由于旋风分离器内流体的流动产生一定的剪切作用,容易将液滴(油滴或水滴)打碎乳化而恶化分离过程;而且旋风分离器通用性较差。因此用来进行液液分离效果并不理想。螺旋管具有截面小的特点,可以避免上述因素的影响。专利号为01206727.X的螺旋式气液分离器就是利用螺道产生离心力来实现气液分离的,但是该装置不能用来进行液液分离。At present, the principles of centrifugal force and gravity separation are widely used in the field of separation, among which the cyclone separator with a conical cylinder is the representative. Because the flow of the fluid in the cyclone separator produces a certain shearing effect, it is easy to break and emulsify the liquid droplets (oil droplets or water droplets) and deteriorate the separation process; and the cyclone separator has poor versatility. Therefore, it is not ideal for liquid-liquid separation. The spiral tube has the characteristics of small cross-section, which can avoid the influence of the above factors. The spiral gas-liquid separator with the patent No. 01206727.X utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the spiral to realize gas-liquid separation, but this device cannot be used for liquid-liquid separation.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服上述已有技术的缺陷,提供一种利用两种互不相溶的、且密度不同的两种混合流体(两种液体或是气体和液体)存在密度差,在螺旋管中流动的时候会受到离心力和重力的联合作用而产生分层,实现气液、液液分离的带有螺旋管旋流气液、液液分离器。The object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defective of prior art, provide a kind of utilizing two kinds of mutually immiscible, and two kinds of mixed fluids (two kinds of liquids or gas and liquid) with different densities have density difference, in spiral tube When flowing in the medium, it will be stratified by the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity, and the gas-liquid and liquid-liquid separator with spiral tube swirl to realize the separation of gas-liquid and liquid-liquid.
本发明的目的是这样实现的:The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:
本发明提供的旋流气液、液液分离器,包括容器7、进液管5、出液管6、阀门;其特征在于,还包括螺旋管主体1、固定螺旋管主体用的支架2;通过所述的支架2上的固定组件,将螺旋管主体1固定在支架2上成为一整体,组装好的整体装入所述的容器7内,将支架2的底盘安装在容器7底上;所述的螺旋管主体1为立式结构,总圈数N=15.5,螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上部分有4圈为带孔段13,带孔段以下为封闭段14,带孔段的每一圈上开有圆孔15,所述的圆孔15从距离输出管6的出口1/4圆周处开始开孔,并且圆孔15均匀开在螺旋管的外侧,与水平线成α=45°夹角的位置,相邻两圈螺旋管上的圆孔15之间间隔半圈的螺旋管上不带圆孔;不带孔的螺旋管段为调整段16;螺旋管主体1的上面的第一圈末端口连通一输出管6,其输出管6穿出容器7,在穿出段上安装有控制流速的出口阀门4;螺旋管主体1的下面的最后一圈末端口连通一输入管5,其输入管5穿出容器7,在穿出段上安装有控制流速的进口阀门3;螺旋管主体1的螺旋管最后一圈末端口连通一输入管5,其输入管5穿出容器7,在穿出段上安装有控制流速的出口阀门4。进口阀门3用来调节入流速度;出口阀门4则调节背压,合理调节这两个阀门可以使分离器处于最佳工作状态。The cyclone gas-liquid and liquid-liquid separator provided by the present invention includes a container 7, a
在上述技术方案中,所述的螺旋管主体1的螺旋管回转半径为R,螺距为H,管内径为D1,管外径为D2。In the above technical solution, the spiral tube gyration radius of the spiral tube body 1 is R, the pitch is H, the inner diameter of the tube is D 1 , and the outer diameter of the tube is D 2 .
在上述技术方案中,螺旋管主体1的螺旋管设计参数遵循以下关系:In the above technical solution, the spiral tube design parameters of the spiral tube main body 1 follow the following relationship:
在上述技术方案中,所述的螺旋管主体1的螺旋管封闭段14的圈数为N-4圈。In the above technical solution, the number of turns of the closed
在上述技术方案中,所述的调整段16设置在第一圈所开圆孔15与第二圈所开圆孔15之间间隔的半圈不带孔的螺旋管段,第二圈螺旋管所开圆孔15与第三圈所开圆孔15之间间隔半圈的螺旋管段,所以螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上部分总共为4圈带孔段13;所述的调整段16为相邻两圈小孔之间的一段不带孔的螺旋管,所述的调整段长度为1/2圆周。In the above technical solution, the adjustment section 16 is set in the half-circle spiral pipe section without holes between the
在上述技术方案中,所述的螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上的4圈带孔段13,从螺旋管上部自上到下3圈小孔的数目分别为n1、n2、n3,孔径分别为d1、d2、d3;圆孔的数目和孔径应遵循以下设计准则:n1≤n2≤n3,d1≤d2≤d3。In the above technical solution, the numbers of the 4 circles of
在上述技术方案中,所述的支架2由圆盘9、立管10和固定组件组成;其中固定组件包括调节螺母11、管托12、管扣13、螺栓14;所述的立管10共有三根,上部带有一段螺纹,底部连接在圆盘底座上,这三根立管长度不同,可以分别支撑螺旋管的上中下部分;管托12由上下两个调节螺母11固定在上述立管10螺纹段的合适高度上,螺旋管被夹持在管扣13和管托12之间,并由螺栓14锁紧。由于不同流量下容器7中液面高度也不同,而螺旋管的带孔段的位置要始终高于液面才能正常工作。因此可以用管托支持螺旋管的不同位置实现螺旋管高度的调节,以适应不同工况下的液面高度。In the above technical solution, the
在上述技术方案中,所述的固定组件由管托12、管扣13、调节螺母11和螺栓14组成,其中管托12为一试管夹形式,一端扁平状,其上开有两个螺孔,和有一个管托凸起17;管托12的另一端可以是半圆形状的金属环,或者是两个半圆形状的金属环,在金属环上开有螺孔,通过螺钉穿过螺孔用上下两个调节螺母11,将固定组件固定在立柱上部;管扣13为一金属板,其上开有两个螺孔,和有一个管扣凸起18,两个螺孔的位置与管托12上的两个螺孔相对应,管扣凸起18与管托凸起17;管托12和管扣13之间夹持螺旋管,管托12和管扣13螺孔相对,并用螺栓14锁紧,这样支架和螺旋管就组成了一个整体。In the above technical solution, the fixing assembly is composed of a
其中带孔段上设置调整段16,该调整段为相邻两圈小孔之间的一段不带孔的螺旋管,所述的调整段长度为1/2圆周;就是考虑到受小圆孔射流的影响,混合液流经每一圈带孔螺旋管后分层状态会受到一定干扰,马上进入下一圈带孔螺旋管分离将会影响到分离效果。因此设计了一段不带孔螺旋管作为“调整段”,当混合液流过该“调整段”时会重新分层从而消除这种干扰的影响。Wherein the adjustment section 16 is set on the section with holes, and this adjustment section is a spiral tube without holes between two adjacent circles of small holes, and the length of the adjustment section is 1/2 circumference; Influenced by the jet flow, the layered state of the mixed liquid will be disturbed to a certain extent after passing through each circle of perforated spiral tube, and immediately entering the next circle of perforated spiral tube for separation will affect the separation effect. Therefore, a section of helical tube without holes is designed as an "adjustment section", and when the mixed liquid flows through the "adjustment section", it will be re-stratified to eliminate the influence of this interference.
其中螺旋管上还设计了螺旋管封闭段采用管壁封闭,这样的设计是为了使混合流体在进入带孔段进行分离之前,有足够长的时间受到离心力和重力的联合作用,分层更为充分,从而加强在带孔部分的分离效果。Among them, the closed section of the spiral tube is also designed on the spiral tube to be closed by the tube wall. This design is to make the mixed fluid have a long enough time to be subjected to the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity before entering the section with holes for separation, and the stratification is more accurate. Sufficiently, thereby enhancing the separation effect in the perforated part.
本发明的优点在于:The advantages of the present invention are:
本发明的气液、液液分离器,利用两种互不相溶的、且密度不同的两种混合流体(两种液体或是气体和液体)存在密度差,在螺旋管中流动的时候会受到离心力和重力的联合作用而产生分层现象;密度较小的流体主要集中在管截面内侧偏上的位置;密度较大的流体则主要集中在管截面外侧偏下的位置,在螺旋管的外侧开上小孔,就会有一部分管截面外侧的液体顺着小孔流出,这部分液体主要为密度较大的流体;而管内剩下的主要是另一种流体,它们会从螺旋管的出口流出,将从小孔和螺旋管出口流出的流体分别收集起来,实现了两种流体的初步分离。The gas-liquid and liquid-liquid separator of the present invention utilizes two kinds of mixed fluids (two kinds of liquids or gas and liquid) that are immiscible with each other and have different densities to have a density difference, which will The delamination phenomenon is caused by the combined action of centrifugal force and gravity; the fluid with lower density is mainly concentrated in the upper part of the inner side of the tube section; the fluid with higher density is mainly concentrated in the lower part of the outer side of the tube section. If a small hole is opened on the outside, a part of the liquid on the outside of the tube section will flow out along the small hole. This part of the liquid is mainly a fluid with a higher density; The outlet flows out, and the fluids flowing out of the small hole and the outlet of the spiral tube are collected separately, and the preliminary separation of the two fluids is realized.
该分离器体积小、重量轻、结构简单、分离效率高,特别适合海上平台等特殊场合下的多相分离。另外具有压力损失小,节省能耗,以及通过调节进出口阀门,可以适应不同粘度不同配比的混合液分离,使分离达到最佳状态。The separator is small in size, light in weight, simple in structure and high in separation efficiency, and is especially suitable for multi-phase separation in special occasions such as offshore platforms. In addition, it has the advantages of small pressure loss, energy saving, and by adjusting the inlet and outlet valves, it can adapt to the separation of mixed liquids with different viscosities and different proportions, so that the separation can reach the best state.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例1的结构示意图Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 of the present invention
图2A是实施例1中第一圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 2A is the bottom view of the first circle of helical tube with holes in embodiment 1
图2B是实施例1中第二圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 2B is the bottom view of the second circle of helical tube with holes in embodiment 1
图2C是实施例1中第三圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 2C is the bottom view of the third circle of helical tube with holes in embodiment 1
图2D是实施例1中第四圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 2D is the bottom view of the fourth circle of helical tube with holes in embodiment 1
图3是本发明实施例2的结构示意图Fig. 3 is the structural representation of
图3E是实施例2中第一圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 3 E is the bottom view of the first circle of helical tube with holes in
图3F是实施例2中第二圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 3F is the bottom view of the second circle of helical tube with holes in
图3G是实施例2中第三圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 3G is the bottom view of the third circle of helical tube with holes in
图3H是实施例2中第四圈带孔螺旋管的仰视图Fig. 3H is the bottom view of the fourth circle of helical tube with holes in
图5是本发明的部件——支架的正视图Fig. 5 is the parts of the present invention---the front view of bracket
图6是本发明的部件——支架的俯视图Fig. 6 is the component of the present invention---the plan view of bracket
图7是支架的固定组件放大图Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the fixing components of the bracket
图面说明:Graphic description:
(1)-螺旋管主体; (2)-支架; (3)-进口阀门;(1)-Spiral pipe main body; (2)-Bracket; (3)-Inlet valve;
(4)-出口阀门; (5)-进液管; (6)-出液管;(4) - outlet valve; (5) - liquid inlet pipe; (6) - liquid outlet pipe;
(7)-容器; (8)-收集出口处液体的容器;(7) - container; (8) - container for collecting liquid at the outlet;
(9)-圆盘; (10)-立管; (11)-调节螺母;(9)-disc; (10)-standpipe; (11)-adjusting nut;
(12)-管托; (13)-管扣; (14)-螺栓;(12)-pipe support; (13)-pipe buckle; (14)-bolt;
(15)-圆孔; (16)-调整段; (17)-管托突起;(15)-round hole; (16)-adjustment section; (17)-pipe holder protrusion;
(18)-管扣突起(18)-pipe buckle protrusion
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例1:Example 1:
参照图1,制作一带有螺旋管的旋流气液、液液分离器;下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细说明:With reference to Fig. 1, make a cyclone gas-liquid, liquid-liquid separator with spiral tube; The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
本实施例的螺旋管主体1采用不锈钢管制成螺旋管具有总圈数N=15.5,螺旋管回转半径R=200mm,螺旋管的螺距H=70mm,螺旋管的管内径D1=29mm,螺旋管的管外径D2=32mm;螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上部1-4圈为开孔段,余下部分为封闭段。开孔段的螺旋管第一圈开有6个圆孔15,即n1=6,d1=2.5mm;第二圈开有6个圆孔15,即n2=6,d2=3mm;第三圈开有8个圆孔15,即n3=8,d3=3.5mm;螺旋管主体1带孔段开孔的位置如图2A、图2B、图2C、图2D所示。本实施例的圆孔15从距离输出管6的出口1/4圆周处开始开孔,并且圆孔15均匀开在螺旋管的外侧,与水平线成α=45°夹角。因为在离心力和重力的作用下,两种流体的界面不再是水平的而是与水平线有个夹角,而界面的中垂线与管壁的交点是最利于液体流出分离的位置,因此选择上述开孔角度;从上到下3圈小孔的数目分别为n1、n2、n3,孔径分别为d1、d2、d3;考虑到混合液在流经螺旋管的带孔段时,一部分密度较大的流体顺着小孔流出,管内该流体的流量随之减小,因此小孔的数目和孔径遵循了以下设计准则:n1≤n2≤n3,d1≤d2≤d3。The spiral pipe main body 1 of the present embodiment is made of stainless steel pipe, and the spiral pipe has a total number of turns N=15.5, the radius of gyration of the spiral pipe R=200mm, the pitch H=70mm of the spiral pipe, and the inner diameter of the spiral pipe D 1 =29mm, the spiral pipe The outer diameter of the pipe is D 2 =32mm; the upper 1-4 circles of the spiral pipe of the spiral pipe main body 1 are opening sections, and the remaining part is a closed section. There are 6
本实施例的调整段16设置在第一圈所开圆孔15与第二圈所开圆孔15之间间隔的半圈不带孔的螺旋管段,第二圈螺旋管所开圆孔15与第三圈所开圆孔15之间间隔半圈的螺旋管段,所以螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上部分总共为4圈带孔段13。上述的螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上不带孔的螺旋管段为调整段16。第1段位于第1圈最后一个小孔和第2圈第一个小孔之间,第2段位于第2圈最后一个小孔和第3圈第一个小孔之间,调整段16长度为1/2圆周。The adjustment section 16 of the present embodiment is arranged on the half-circle helical tube section without holes between the first
本实施例的支架2的金属圆盘9直径为350mm,三根高度分别为670mm、840mm、1110mm的金属立柱10末端固定在金属圆盘9上,每根立柱10的上部安装固定组件,固定组件将螺旋管主体1的螺旋管与立柱10连接。固定组件由管托12、管扣13、调节螺母11和螺栓14组成,其中管托12为一试管夹形式,一端扁平状,其上开有两个螺孔,和有一个管托凸起17;管托12的另一端可以是半圆形状的金属环,或者是两个半圆形状的金属环,在金属环上开有螺孔,通过螺钉穿过螺孔用上下两个调节螺母11,将固定组件固定在立柱上部;管扣13为一金属板,其上开有两个螺孔,和有一个管扣凸起18,两个螺孔的位置与管托12上的两个螺孔相对应,管扣凸起18与管托凸起17;管托12和管扣13之间夹持螺旋管,管托12和管扣13螺孔相对,并用螺栓14锁紧,这样支架和螺旋管就组成了一个整体。将其圆盘安装在容器7的底部,螺旋管出口6伸入收集出口处液体的容器8中,并在出口6位于安置螺旋管的容器7,和收集出口处液体的容器8之间的部位装上出口阀门;螺旋管进液管5伸出容器7,并且在伸出的部位装上入口阀门3。待分离的两种液体分别是自来水和粘度为180mpa□s,密度为844.6kg/m3的试验油。水和油的体积比为7∶3,油和水混合后由泵加压进入螺旋管主体1的进液管5,调节进口阀门3使流量为1.57m3/h。油和水的混合液经过进液管5、进口阀门3、螺旋管封闭段14后进入螺旋管主体1的螺旋管带孔段13,在螺旋管带孔段,管内外侧的一部分混合液顺着小孔流出进入容器7,这部分混合液主要是水,其余的混合液经由出口阀门4、出液管6,流入收集出口处液体的容器8中,这部分混合液主要是油,是我们所需要的部分,测得其含油率为55.6%。The diameter of the metal disc 9 of the
实施例2:Example 2:
参照图3,制作一带有螺旋管的旋流气液、液液分离器;下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细说明:With reference to Fig. 3, make a cyclone gas-liquid, liquid-liquid separator with spiral tube; The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
本实施例的螺旋管主体1采用不锈钢管制成螺旋管具有总圈数N=15.5,螺旋管回转半径R=150mm,螺旋管的螺距H=53mm,螺旋管的管内径D1=22mm,螺旋管的管外径D2=26mm;螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上部1-4圈为开孔段,余下部分为封闭段。开孔段的螺旋管第一圈开有4个圆孔15,即n1=6,d1=2.5mm;第二圈开有6个圆孔15,即n2=6,d2=2.5mm;第三圈开有8个圆孔15,即n3=8,d3=3mm;螺旋管主体1带孔段开孔的位置如图4E、图4F、图4G、图4H所示。圆孔15从距离输出管6的出口1/4圆周处开始开孔,并且圆孔15均匀开在螺旋管的外侧,与水平线成α=45°夹角。螺旋管主体1的螺旋管上还设有两个调整段16,调整段即为不带孔的螺旋管。第1段位于第1圈最后一个小孔和第2圈第一个小孔之间,第2段位于第2圈最后一个小孔和第3圈第一个小孔之间,调整段16长度为1/2圆周。The spiral pipe main body 1 of the present embodiment is made of stainless steel pipe. The spiral pipe has a total number of turns N=15.5, the spiral pipe radius of gyration R=150mm, the pitch H=53mm of the spiral pipe, and the inner diameter of the spiral pipe D 1 =22mm. The outer diameter of the pipe is D 2 =26mm; the upper 1-4 circles of the spiral pipe of the spiral pipe main body 1 are open sections, and the remaining part is a closed section. There are 4
支架2的圆盘直径为350mm,三根高度分别为670mm、840mm、1110mm的立柱10末端固定在圆盘上,每根立柱的上部安装固定组件,固定组件将螺旋管主体1的螺旋管与立柱10连接。固定组件由管托12、管扣13、调节螺母11和螺栓14组成,其中管托12为一试管夹形式,一端扁平状,其上开有两个螺孔,和有一个管托凸起17;管托12的另一端可以是半圆形状的金属环,或者是两个半圆形状的金属环,在金属环上开有螺孔,通过螺钉穿过螺孔用上下两个调节螺母11,将固定组件固定在立柱上部;管扣13为一金属板,其上开有两个螺孔,和有一个管扣凸起18,两个螺孔的位置与管托12上的两个螺孔相对应,管扣凸起18与管托凸起17;管托12和管扣13之间夹持螺旋管,管托12和管扣13螺孔相对,并用螺栓14锁紧,这样支架和螺旋管就组成了一个整体。将其圆盘安装在容器7的底部,螺旋管出口6伸入收集出口处液体的容器8中,并在出口6位于安置螺旋管的容器7,和收集出口处液体的容器8之间的部位装上出口阀门;螺旋管进液管5伸出容器7,并且在伸出的部位装上进口阀门3。待分离的两种液体分别是自来水和粘度为180mpa□s,密度为844.6kg/m3的试验油。水和油的体积比为6∶4,油和水混合后由泵加压进入螺旋管主体1的进液管5,调节进口阀门3使流量为1.08m3/h。油和水的混合液经过进液管5、进口阀门3、螺旋管封闭段14后进入螺旋管主体1的带孔段13,在螺旋管带孔段,管内外侧的一部分混合液顺着小孔流出进入容器7,这部分混合液主要是水,其余的混合液经由出口阀门4、出液管6,流入收集出口处液体的容器8中,这部分混合液主要是油,是我们所需要的部分,测得其含油率为64.4%。The diameter of the disc of the
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