CN100431516C - 用于计算适合患者体重的酏剂剂量的装置 - Google Patents

用于计算适合患者体重的酏剂剂量的装置 Download PDF

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CN100431516C
CN100431516C CNB018045146A CN01804514A CN100431516C CN 100431516 C CN100431516 C CN 100431516C CN B018045146 A CNB018045146 A CN B018045146A CN 01804514 A CN01804514 A CN 01804514A CN 100431516 C CN100431516 C CN 100431516C
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种构成药瓶或封盖组成部分的计算辅助器。所述计算辅助器本质上是一具体的体重-剂量转换表，其促使将体重特异性剂量的指定酏剂准确地分配给儿童。所述封盖或瓶包含位于平行行中的儿童体重标记、适合特定体重的计算剂量以及与所述计算剂量相应的酏剂给药量。开孔套管使得能有选择地观看所述标记。

Description

用于计算适合患者体重的酏剂剂量的装置
发明领域
本发明涉及药瓶的改进，更具体而言，涉及针对酏剂的体重特异性剂量计算的辅助器，其在药瓶上提供参考来源，用于根据个体体重计算酏剂剂量。
现有技术描述
当前，儿科用酏剂如醋氨酚、布洛芬和减充血剂/镇咳药被包装在瓶中，而在这些瓶上对不同体重儿童给出含混且宽泛的给药建议。例如，在瓶上的一些给药建议是基于儿童的年龄。但是，按照Physician’sDesk Reference，儿科用酏剂给药特别应该根据体重确定。这点特别重要，因为，由于同龄儿童体重会有显著差异，因而根据年龄确定剂量不仅不准确，而且很危险。
当没有直接参考标准时，即便是医生开出的酏剂，药物剂量也可能不适当地较低。例如，当儿科医生指示儿童的监护人在某天给儿童服用一定量的酏剂时，如果监护人在几个月后继续给儿童服用相同量的药物，如果儿童体重改变，则该剂量是不准确的。儿童的体重会很快改变，如果监护人不通知医生体重改变，那么所述剂量将是不正确的。因儿童体重快速变化而必须不断调节给药剂量，这对于确保达到药物最大疗效很重要。作为医生，经常听到父母询问，他们的孩子在4个月前就使用了医生开的药物，但为什么还不退烧，或者在更严重的情况下，询问为什么我孩子在服用了一剂醋氨酚后不久体温升高。
尽管目前已有体现在表和针轮上的体重特异性剂量计算法，但公众并不容易得到。即便可以得到，这些表可能存在令人迷惑的剂量排列而不能为普通用户所理解。Physician’s Desk Reference可用于计算，但普通消费者一般不购买或不了解这本书。
装有指示器的瓶或指示器和瓶成一体化的瓶的使用是本领域公知的，首要目的是用于提醒如下事项：a)给药方案；b)末次剂量是否已服用；或c)每一给药间隔应服用的药丸数。
美国专利4666051公开了一种置于瓶上的记忆辅助器，其用于指出处在预定给药时间顺序中的位置。
美国专利4749093公开了用于提醒患者服药的记忆辅助器，它可针对所述药物提供不同的给药方案。
美国专利5377614公开了一种显示在星期几、什么日期和时间上应服用药丸或其他药剂的指示器。
美国专利5358117和5279422公开了瓶用指示器，其在该瓶的周围标有标记，代表下次服药时间。
美国专利4920912公开了一种时间刻度盘，其指示末次服药时间和下次应服药的时间。
美国专利5011032公开了一种顺应患者给药方案的盖，其提醒患者末次服用了哪个剂量或者该要服用哪个剂量了，这种盖显示在每次给药时应服用的药物单位数目。
美国专利4753189公开了一种药瓶盖，其具有给药剂量指示器，用于向用户指出下次给药时间或其他信息。在从瓶中取出药物后，所述指示器从一个位置逐渐移到另一位置，以指示下次服药时间。
在过去就已知道和使用的其他药瓶指示封盖，记载在美国专利3151599、3355067、3572282、3960713、4041628中。
现有技术涉及用于提醒患者如下事项的记忆辅助器：1)服药日期，2)每天服药次数，3)末次服药时间，4)下次服药时间，5)每一服药间隔应服用的药丸数。但现有技术中不存在用以针对患者确定准确的体重特异性酏剂剂量的计算辅助器，考虑到儿童的大小和特别是体重变化，需要为儿童确定最特异的体重特异性酏剂剂量。
因此，需要盖内或安装在瓶上的体重特异性剂量计算参考物，这种计算参考物应提供一种方便、用户容易掌握用法、即刻可用的方法，以确保需要酏剂的儿童在服用了根据该儿童体重为其推荐的准确剂量后，获得最大疗效。相反，一体化的体重-剂量转换参考物主要避免儿童相对其体重服用不适当的高剂量，这种错误有时可能是危险的，甚至是致命的。
发明概述
本发明提供一种用于药瓶的计算辅助器，所述计算辅助器包括：具有上端开口的瓶，用于密封所述上端开口的封盖，和与所述封盖形成一体的计算装置，所述计算装置根据输入的体重给出酏剂给药量，其特征在于所述封盖至少包括一行体重标记，一行适合具体体重的计算剂量标记，和一行与所述计算剂量对应的酏剂计算给药量标记，和允许有选择观看所述标记的开孔套管。
本发明也提供另一种用于药瓶的计算辅助器，所述计算辅助器包括：具有上端开口的瓶，用于密封所述上端开口的封盖，和与所述瓶形成一体的计算装置，所述计算装置根据输入的体重给出酏剂给药量，其特征在于所述瓶至少包括一行体重标记，一行适合具体体重的计算剂量标记，和一行与所述计算剂量对应的酏剂计算给药量标记，和允许有选择观看所述标记的开孔套管。
在本发明的药瓶计算辅器中，其中所述开孔套管可转动地与所述封盖锁合。
本发明是一种与酏剂一同使用的体重特异性剂量计算参考物。该计算参考物采用位于旋转环管上的窄开孔，从而允许在瓶盖或瓶壁上刻写大量具体的推荐给药量。
在本发明的优选实施方案中，就事先算出的与特定儿科患者体重对应的具体酏剂剂量提供了一种盖内参考物。在另一实施方案中，就事先算出的对应于特定儿科患者体重的具体酏剂剂量提供了一种安装在瓶上的参考物。
因此，本发明的一个目的在于，将准确的计算信息以酏剂瓶盖或瓶的一组成部分来提供。
本发明的另一目的在于，消除需使用用于计算但不构成瓶组成部分的参考书或针轮等非接合物的需要。
本发明的另一目的在于，提供医生和普通用户均可用的一种格式，用以根据儿童体重来规定特定的酏剂剂量。
本发明的又一目的在于，提供可用于成人、儿童和宠物的特定剂量计算器。
本发明的又一目的在于，减少因目前在大多数酏剂瓶上提供的含混且宽泛的范围而不适当地接触高剂量药物，所述含混且宽泛的范围是根据特定年龄儿童的平均体重而设计的。
本发明的又一目的在于，通过帮助避免不准确给药，促使达到最佳疗效。
本发明的还一目的在于，提供一种能算出正确药物剂量的装置，所述正确药物剂量是与成人、儿童或宠物体重有关的剂量。
本发明的还一目的在于，通过促进按准确剂量给药，尽可能增大药物疗效。
通过下面结合附图给出的说明可以清楚本发明的其它目的和优点，其中以例示方式对本发明的某些实施例进行了说明。附图构成本说明书的一部分，包括本发明的例示性实施方案，显示了本发明的各个目的和特点。
详细说明
尽管本发明以具体实施方案进行说明，但本领域技术人员易于理解在不偏离本发明精神的情况下可以进行各种改变、重构和替换。本发明的范围由所附的权利要求限定。
下面参见图1，该图给出了本发明的优选实施例，其中利用用于药瓶10的计算辅助器，所述药瓶10具有上端开口和包含计算参考表的封盖或瓶盖12，所述计算参考表与盖12形成一整体。在最基本的形式中，盖12由两组件构成，即用于锁定的内组件14和外组件16或具有开孔的套管，所述开孔用于观看计算参考物。优选所述封盖是防篡改的。
内组件14用于提供常规防儿童触动的药瓶封盖，该组件包括列在平行四行中的刻写标记。一行包含以磅表示的不同儿童体重18，第二行包含以千克表示的儿童体重20，第三行提供了事先算出的适合特定体重的以毫克表示的剂量22，且第四行提供与剂量对应的以毫升表示的酏剂给药量24。外组件16是可自由旋转的塑料套管，其具有由四个开孔组成的一列26，为上述各行提供了不同窗口。上开孔刻写有：“体重(磅)”；次下一开孔刻写有：“体重(KG)”；再下一开孔刻写有：“剂量(MG)”；最下面的开孔刻写有：“给予：____ML”。由于是体重特异性的而非患者特异性的，所述计算辅助器主要用于分配非处方药给药量，而不需要由药师来设置并长久固定该量或确保其符合特定患者的需要。
所述计算参考物通过外组件16的旋转来发挥作用。一个人使套管向前运动以使儿童体重显示在第一或第二开孔中。接着，使以毫克表示的剂量和以毫升表示的给药量显示第三和第四开孔中。
参见图2，该图给出了本发明的另一实施例，其中计算参考物是药瓶的一部分。该实施例中，药瓶50包括与药瓶表面52形成一体的计算参考表。外部件54可沿药瓶外表面滑动，并且含有开孔行56用于观看计算参考值。
上述开孔行用于观看以四个平行行列出的刻写标记。第一行含有以磅表示的各种儿童体重58，第二行含有以千克表示的儿童体重60，第三行设有事前计算出的适合具体体重的以毫克表示的剂量62，第四行设有与所述剂量对应的以毫升表示的酏剂给药量64。
外部件54是一个可自由转动的套管，具有由四个开孔组成的一列56，为上述各行提供明显区别的窗口。上开孔刻写有“体重(磅)”；次下一开孔刻写有“体重(KG)”；再下一开孔刻写有“剂量(MG)”；最下面的开孔刻写有“给予：____ML”。盖68用于固封药，可以是任何防儿童触动的设计。计算参考物通过旋转塑料套管54发挥作用。
一个人使套管向前运动以使儿童体重显示在第一或第二开孔中。以毫克表示的剂量和以毫升表示的给药量显示在第三和第四开孔中。
计算辅助器采用根据特定药物特定浓度设置的标记。该严格条件基于对以下情况下需要不同体重剂量转换因子的理解：a)当以不同浓度制造相同的药物时，b)当涉及不同药物一起使用时。作为一般的预防措施，应当将药物名称和浓度刻写在盖的顶部，使得其用户能够验证所刻写的计算值实际上与其所贴附的药瓶中的药物相关。
应当理解，虽然已经说明和描述了本发明的特定形式，但是并不局限于此处所述和所示部件的具体形式和结构。本领域技术人员明显可知在不偏离本发明范围的情况下可以作出多种改变，本发明不应理解为局限于附图中所示和说明书中所述的内容。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于药瓶的计算辅助器，所述计算辅助器包括：具有上端开口的瓶，用于密封所述上端开口的封盖，和与所述封盖形成一体的计算参考表，所述计算参考表根据输入的体重给出酏剂给药量，其特征在于所述封盖包括内组件和开孔套管，所述内组件至少包括一行体重标记，一行适合具体体重的计算剂量标记，和一行与所述计算剂量对应的酏剂计算给药量标记，所述开孔套管允许有选择观看所述标记。
2.权利要求1的计算辅助器，其中所述开孔套管可转动地与所述封盖锁合。
3.权利要求1的计算辅助器，其中所述封盖是防篡改的。
4.权利要求1的计算辅助器，其包括一行以磅或kg显示的体重标记。
5.一种用于药瓶的计算辅助器，所述计算辅助器包括：具有上端开口的瓶，用于密封所述上端开口的封盖，和与所述瓶形成一体的计算参考表，所述计算参考表根据输入的体重给出酏剂给药量，其特征在于所述瓶包括可沿药瓶外表面滑动的开孔套管，所述计算参考表至少包括一行体重标记，一行适合具体体重的计算剂量标记，和一行与所述计算剂量对应的酏剂计算给药量标记，所述开孔套管允许有选择观看所述标记。
6.权利要求5的计算辅助器，其中所述开孔套管可转动地与所述瓶锁合。
7.权利要求5的计算辅助器，其包括一行以磅或kg显示的体重标记。
CNB018045146A 2000-02-16 2001-02-16 用于计算适合患者体重的酏剂剂量的装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100431516C (zh)

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EP1261309B1 (en) 2005-12-14
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CA2399901A1 (en) 2001-08-23
PT1261309E (pt) 2006-05-31
JP2003522604A (ja) 2003-07-29
DE60115852T2 (de) 2006-08-17
WO2001060312A8 (en) 2001-11-22
CA2399901C (en) 2009-09-29
ES2253355T3 (es) 2006-06-01
DE60115852D1 (de) 2006-01-19
BR0108453A (pt) 2003-04-01
WO2001060312A1 (en) 2001-08-23
ATE312583T1 (de) 2005-12-15
US6581773B2 (en) 2003-06-24
EP1261309A1 (en) 2002-12-04
US20010050242A1 (en) 2001-12-13
CN1398176A (zh) 2003-02-19
AU2001238443A1 (en) 2001-08-27
US6276533B1 (en) 2001-08-21

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