CN100427793C

CN100427793C - Oil-gas spring

Info

Publication number: CN100427793C
Application number: CNB2004100454161A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 仇恒超
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-05-18
Filing date: 2004-05-18
Publication date: 2008-10-22
Anticipated expiration: 2024-05-18
Also published as: CN1699780A

Abstract

The present invention discloses an oil-gas spring, more specifically an oil-gas spring which can automatically control stretching height and automatically change pressure and supporting force. The present invention which is used as an elastic element is mainly applied to vehicle suspension. An outer cylinder barrel stores oil liquid and high-pressure gas, an inner cylinder barrel is used as a working cylinder, the oil liquid is pressed to the outer cylinder barrel so that the oil liquid of the outer cylinder barrel is heightened, and the gas is further compressed or expanded, which plays an elastic function. Meanwhile, a piston moves up and down, external oil liquid is sucked and pressed into the outer cylinder barrel, stretching strokes are continuously heightened, and partial stretching energy is attenuated to play the function of a vibration absorber. When the stretching strokes achieve control height, a pressure discharging valve is driven, increased oil liquid of the outer cylinder barrel is discharged, and the stretching height and the supporting force automatically adapt the state of bearing capacity through the circulating function of the oil liquid.

Description

Hydro-pneumatic spring

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of can control automatically and uphold height and the hydro-pneumatic spring that changes working pressure and support force voluntarily, belong to the technical field of hydraulic machinery and road vehicle application, be mainly used in the elastic element that vehicle suspension uses as carrying.

Background technique

In the prior art, hydro-pneumatic spring with gas (being generally nitrogen) as Elastic medium, with fluid as the power transmission medium, mainly form by parts such as fluid power cylinder barrel, piston, thrust cylinder barrel and damping valve seats, and be divided into not two kinds of separated types of oil-gas dividing and oil gas, oil-gas dividing usually how a spherical air chamber, with diaphragm of rubber oil gas is separated.Oil gas not separated type is because fluid and specific gravity of gas and the unmixed relation of oil gas, make gas be in the top of fluid, but two kinds of structural types is identical with the working principle cardinal principle.

Fluid power cylinder barrel top is fixed together by bolt and the fluid power cylinder cap that has bulb, and by last spherical linkage connect the dish be connected with vehicle frame, thrust cylinder barrel lower end connects dish by following spherical linkage and is connected with vehicle bridge, when vehicle bridge and vehicle frame relative movement, piston just moves up and down in the fluid power cylinder barrel, the damping valve seat is fixed by bolts on the fluid power cylinder cap, and compression valve and rebound valve and priming valve are installed.

When load increased, piston moved in the fluid power cylinder barrel, and gas chamber volume is dwindled, air pressure raises, it is big that rigidity becomes, and when load reduced, piston then moved down in the fluid power cylinder barrel, volume in the air chamber increases, air pressure lowers, and rigidity diminishes, and reaches flexible purpose by the compression and the inflation process of gas, and utilize orifice valve restriction fluid to fall speed after rise, extension speed is slowed down play vibration damper simultaneously.The hydro-pneumatic spring volume is little, and is in light weight, and bearing capacity is big, and the life-span is long, and transmission is attenuated many and can plays the effect of noise reduction through oil gas in the vibrations between vehicle bridge and the vehicle frame simultaneously.

But the hydro-pneumatic spring of prior art, itself have only compression and uphold function, when making vehicle heavy duty and zero load, suspension can keep the height that is fit to, need an additional in addition cover can regulate the device of fluid capacity and air pressure, I haven't seen you for ages makes the piston extension stroke too small for tolerance, the elasticity variation, when tolerance too much can make the piston extension stroke too big, piston base bump fluid power cylinder barrel bottom, even pull out the work cylinder barrel, though some hydro-pneumatic spring increases a subtask cylinder in addition, the limited piston overstrain is avoided piston slap clutch release slave cylinder bottom, but machinery is through after using for a long time, the variation of its performance is increased difficulty for design and is difficult for grasping, gas rushes down leakage from the connecting part of spherical air chamber or the junction between fluid power cylinder cap and the cylinder barrel in addition easily in addition, needs special equipment to replenish, and makes troubles to use.

Therefore, though existing hydro-pneumatic spring has occurred for many years, general is used on some mine heavy-duty engines, but seldom is applied on general common vehicle.

Summary of the invention

Content of the present invention is, solve the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of additional external control gear that do not need is provided, hydro-pneumatic spring of the present invention is the energy that utilizes piston constantly to move up and down, with the principle that fluid inhale to press circulation to replenish, regulate automatically and uphold height and internal pressure and change support force, can adapt to the requirement of bearing capacity voluntarily, and can make the oil-gas ratin balance, can be at the elastic component device of an ordinary motor vehicle use.

Another content of the present invention is, the anti-buffering stand that draws that provides a kind of fuel feeding air spring to be used, and its performance can make hydro-pneumatic spring when upholding the limit, can reduce piston to a great extent the parts of bottom are produced impact force.

The beneficial effect that is produced under being used of the above two content is:

1, vehicle is when heavily loaded and unloaded, and oily spring can change the height and the support force of vehicle body according to the variation of carrying quality voluntarily in the middle of vehicle driving, and makes vehicle body height and pressure remain on the scope of control.

2, welding or be cast as one between outer cylinder and the outer cylinder cap makes possibility of gas and rare leakage, makes at interval greatly prolongation of inflation, and hydro-pneumatic spring can be used for a long time, offers convenience to use.

3, at hydro-pneumatic spring with between vehicle frame is connected, an anti-damping device that draws is set, when hydro-pneumatic spring is upheld the limit sometimes, can reduce the impact force of piston to a great extent, and can remedy certain extension stroke base.

4, all Sealings of hydro-pneumatic spring of the present invention all adopt the Sealing of standard, provide convenience for manufacturing and maintenance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of apparatus of the present invention structural principle.

Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the anti-buffering stand structure principle chart that draws of apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 1 makes Figure of abstract of the present invention.

Among the figure: 1, outer cylinder, 2, inner cylinder tube, 3, piston, 4, push rod, 5, the pressure release driving spring, 6, plunger, 7, bayonet lock, 8, base, 9, following spherical linkage connects dish, 10, unidirectional oiling valve, 11, screw rod, 12, unidirectional outlet valve, 13, volute spring, 14, pressure controlled valve, 15, interior cylinder cap, 16, outer cylinder cap, 17, last spherical linkage connects dish, and 18, Decompression valves, 19, the control valve, 20, tie rod, 21, external oil tank, 22, oil guide pipe, 23, the fuel-displaced mouth of pipe of pressure relief valve, 24, gas charging valve, 25, fixed connecting plate, 26, directional post, 27, spring, 28, spring seat, 29, active plate.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structural principle of the present invention and working principle are done concrete description:

By the container of outer cylinder 1 as saving fluid and pressurized gas, to make shell simultaneously and use, its upper end is sealed by welding or alternate manner by outer cylinder cap 16.The upper end of outer cylinder cap 16 connects dish 17 by last spherical linkage and is connected with vehicle frame, and the lower end of outer cylinder 1 is opening end and base 8 sockets, has seal ring to seal therebetween, by bolt 11 outer cylinder 1 and base 8 is strained and fixed.By the clutch release slave cylinder of inner cylinder tube 2 as pushing fluid, be located at the inside of outer cylinder 1, the upper end is by interior cylinder cap 15 casing pressures, the seal ring sealing is arranged therebetween, lower end and base 8 sockets, the seal ring sealing is arranged therebetween, pass with screw on the base 8 from the edge hole of interior cylinder cap 15 by bolt and to be connected, inner cylinder tube 2 is strained and fixed, and there are piston 3 and push rod 4 in the inside of inner cylinder tube 2, and piston 3 is fixed on the upper end of push rod 4, on piston 3, use the seal ring sealing of two-way function, stretch out from base 8 lower end of push rod 4, connects dish 9 by following spherical linkage and be connected with vehicle bridge, has seal ring to seal between push rod 4 and the base 8.In the middle of described device, the diameter of piston 3 than the diameter of push rod 4 more greatly, below piston 3, form certain space like this, at pressure release driving spring 5 of this gap suit on push rod 4, the upper end of pressure release driving spring 5 and push rod 4 bandings, make it move up and down and stretch with push rod 4, fix a volute spring 13 in the upper end of piston 3, be provided with a control valve 19 in the center of interior cylinder cap 15, Decompression valves 18 is installed at the top of interior cylinder cap 15, at the edge hole setting pressure control valve 14 of interior cylinder cap 15, the edge of interior cylinder cap 15 also has through hole that its upper and lower end is in outer cylinder 1 inner cavity chamber to communicate.In the space between Transverse plane, outer cylinder 1 and the inner core 2 on the base 8, valve pocket and plunger 6, bayonet lock 7, unidirectional oiling valve 10, unidirectional outlet valve 12 are installed.

The working principle of apparatus of the present invention is such; in outer cylinder 1; top is divided into pressurized gas; the bottom is divided into fluid; the fluid of the fluid of outer cylinder 1 and inner cylinder tube 2 communicates through control valve 19 and oil guide pipe 22, the pressure of the pressure of outer cylinder 1 and inner cylinder tube 2 is equated and produces support forces, supported cart body weight for piston 3 and push rod 4; inner cylinder tube 2 also bears usually from the pressure of outer cylinder 1 and obtains partial equilibrium, thereby casing wall is than book.Piston 3 grades move up when carrying capacity increases, the outside cylinder barrel 1 of force feed fluid, the fluid of outer cylinder 1 is increased, the gas on top is further compressed, it is big that rigidity becomes, equate with load until pressure, wheel will inevitably run into the vibrations that do not stop in the middle of exercising, make piston not stop to move up and down, when piston moves up, the volume in its cavity of resorption space increases thereupon, form low pressure, external oil is irritated 21 fluid and be inhaled into the cavity of resorption of piston 3, when piston 3 moves down from unidirectional oiling valve 10, the compression area at piston 3 tops is bigger than the compression area of its underpart, the pressure that produces is also big, so the fluid of piston 3 bottoms is pressed in the outer cylinder 1 from unidirectional outlet valve 12, so constantly circulation increases the fluid of outer cylinder 1, piston 3 extension stroke are increased, height of car is increased, when piston 3 is pressed to outer cylinder 1 with cavity of resorption fluid, also consumed the extension stroke certain energy, make the energy of extension stroke obtain the part decay, this function can play the effect of vibration damper.After extension stroke reaches the control height, bayonet lock 7 is depressed in the lower end of pressure release driving spring 5 moves down plunger 6, plunger 6 is by the valve core rotation of tie rod 20 pulling pressure relief valves 18, pressure relief valve 18 is opened, the fluid that makes outer cylinder 1 from oil pipe through pressure controlled valve 14, flow back to external oil tank 21 through oil pipe from base 8 again, make extension stroke controlled, pressure release driving spring 5 is in the process of depressing bayonet lock 7, pressure release driving spring 5 can also be compressed, make piston 3 and push rod 4 still can be more descending distances and obtain buffering, downstream position at bayonet lock 7 leaves a groove, make bayonet lock 7 can cross the plane of base 8, pressure release driving spring 5 can be stressed upon on the plane of base 8 and not bad by card, the section of steel wire of pressure release driving spring 5 is a rectangle, its objective is the pressure when can bear piston 3 preferably upholds the limit, the effect of the volute spring 13 at the top of piston 3 is to run into excessive weight or impact force when vehicle, move past on the piston 3 when violent, at piston 3 during near interior cylinder cap 15, volute spring 13 upper ends are at first withstood control valve 19 and are closed, restriction fluid flows out, keeping certain fluid like this between piston 3 and interior cylinder cap 15 isolates, avoid the bump of parts, after piston 3 and volute spring 13 move down, control valve 19 is opened recovery under the effect of spring, oil outlet at interior cylinder cap 15 has an oil guide pipe 22, to guide to the bottom of outer cylinder 1 inner chamber from the fluid that inner cylinder tube 2 extrudes, its effect is when extension stroke fluid back pressure the fluid in the outer cylinder 1 at first to be returned into inner cylinder tube 2, avoids the gas back pressure to go into inner cylinder tube 2 and causes the bump of parts.

The effect of pressure controlled valve 14 is, wheel is propped up when unsettled sometimes, when the extension of hydro-pneumatic spring makes Decompression valves 18 be in the pressure release state for a long time, the oil gas that flow-limiting valve 14 can limit in the outer cylinder 1 can not rushed down sky and be kept enough pressure, and certain pressure support weight is just arranged when hydro-pneumatic spring is carried again.

The ratio of the height may command oil gas of the height of pressure relief valve 18 positions or pressure relief valve oil outlet 23 positions, in the row pressure process, when tolerance was too much, gas can at first be discharged, and when oil mass was too much, fluid can at first be discharged.

The lower end of plunger 6 has an oil duct to communicate with the inside of outer cylinder 1, and its effect is to make the two ends of plunger 6 all be in the state work down that outer cylinder 1 internal pressure equates, a gas charging valve 24 is installed in order to inflation at this oil duct simultaneously.

An anti-buffering stand that draws that is used with hydro-pneumatic spring, its structural principle is, on vehicle frame, install and fix connecting plate 25, the two ends of fixed connecting plate 25 have directional post 26 to extend downwards, the middle part of active plate 29 connects dish 17 with the last spherical linkage of hydro-pneumatic spring and is connected, the two ends of active plate 29 are porose, the borehole jack at active plate 29 two ends is gone on the directional post 26 at fixed connecting plate 25 two ends, be inserted in directional post 26 with spring 27 again, the lower end of spring 27 is with spring seat 28 and adjust nut and fix, and by the pressure of car body weight and spring 27 active plate 29 and fixed connecting plate 25 is pushed against.Its effect and working principle are, when vehicle during sometimes at very rugged road driving vehicle body can produce very big degree of distorting, hydro-pneumatic spring is excessively upheld, when the torsion of vehicle body surpasses the hydro-pneumatic spring extension stroke, hydro-pneumatic spring is drop-down along directional post 26 with active plate 29, two springs 28 are compressed, thereby the impact that internal works is produced when alleviating hydro-pneumatic spring and upholding the limit can also remedy the certain extension stroke of hydro-pneumatic spring simultaneously.If but the vehicle of using apparatus of the present invention is at comparatively smooth road driving (as the incity bus), also can not use the anti-buffering stand that draws, but the last spherical linkage of hydro-pneumatic spring is connect dish 17 directly with 25 connections of the fixed connecting plate on the vehicle frame.

Hydro-pneumatic spring of the present invention, also the hydro-pneumatic spring with original technology is the same, is merely able to bear vertical pressure, therefore in the middle of practical application, also must keep original suspension guide mechanism.Now use hydro-pneumatic spring of the present invention with former vehicle refitting with leaf spring, former most of steel plate is cut, only keep one to two main steel plate, as fixing vehicle bridge and vehicle frame be connected and as the guide mechanism of hydro-pneumatic spring, leaf spring has not remake the effect of bearing body weight, on the contrary, also the anti-face of crossing of leaf spring is used, after the leaf spring reverse side uses, can be when hydro-pneumatic spring be excessively upheld, increase a control to hydro-pneumatic spring and uphold pressure, can make hydro-pneumatic spring better keep internal pressure and row to rush down power like this, the impact force that in the time of can also further reducing hydro-pneumatic spring and excessively uphold internal works is produced.

Claims

1, a kind of suspension of buying car in installments uses, can control automatically and uphold height, change the hydro-pneumatic spring of pressure and support force voluntarily, comprise outer cylinder (1), inner cylinder tube (2), piston (3), push rod (4), pressure release driving spring (5), base (8), interior cylinder cap (15), Decompression valves (18) and external oil tank (21), wherein: there is outer cylinder cap (16) outer cylinder (1) upper end and passes through welding or the casting sealing, the upper end of outer cylinder cap (16) connects dish (17) by last spherical linkage and is connected with vehicle frame, the lower end of outer cylinder (1) is connected with base (8) by bolt (11), inner cylinder tube (2) is located at the inside of outer cylinder (1), the upper end of inner cylinder tube (2) is fixing by interior cylinder cap (15), the lower end of inner cylinder tube (2) is connected with base (8), be connected with the screw of base (8) from interior cylinder cap (15) edge hole by bolt, inner cylinder tube (2) is fixing, it is characterized in that: by outer cylinder (1) saving fluid and pressurized gas, by the clutch release slave cylinder of inner cylinder tube (2) as pushing fluid, be provided with a control valve (19) in the center of interior cylinder cap (15), Decompression valves (18) is installed at the top of interior cylinder cap (15), edge hole setting pressure control valve (14) at interior cylinder cap (15), the edge of interior cylinder cap (15) also has through hole to make to be in the chamber of its upper and lower end in outer cylinder (1) and communicates, last Transverse plane at base (8), in the space between outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder tube (2), valve pocket and plunger (6) are installed, bayonet lock (7), unidirectional oiling valve (10) and unidirectional outlet valve (12).

2, hydro-pneumatic spring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: piston (3) and push rod (4) are set in inner cylinder tube (1) lining, at the upper end fixed piston (3) of push rod (4), stretch out from base (8) lower end of push rod (4), connects dish (9) by following spherical linkage again and be connected with vehicle bridge.

3, hydro-pneumatic spring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the diameter of piston (3) is greater than the diameter of push rod (4), make the below of piston (3) leave certain cavity, when piston (3) when moving up and down, the volume of piston lower cavity increases or reduces, and forms pressure difference, the fluid suction of external oil tank (21) is pressed into outer cylinder (1), the fluid of outer cylinder (1) is increased, increased the extension stroke of piston (3), the strength when piston (3) is upheld simultaneously obtains the part decay.

4, hydro-pneumatic spring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the gap of piston (3) cavity of resorption, one pressure release driving spring (5) is sleeved on push rod (4) and upward and with piston (3) and push rod (4) moves, when piston (3) and push rod (4) extension stroke reach certain degree, pressure release driving spring (5) is depressed bayonet lock (7) and plunger (6), by the tie rod (20) that links to each other with plunger (6), pulling Decompression valves (18) is opened draining, makes extension stroke by controlled.

5, hydro-pneumatic spring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: a volute spring (13) is installed at the top at piston (3), when piston (3) up when too quickly, volute spring (13) withstands control valve (19) thereby makes it close the outflow of control fluid, make the certain fluid of reservation between piston (3) and the interior cylinder cap (15), prevent the impact of parts.

6, hydro-pneumatic spring according to claim 1, connect between dish (17) and the vehicle frame at spherical linkage on the hydro-pneumatic spring, an anti-buffering stand that draws is set, it is characterized in that: on vehicle frame, install and fix connecting plate (25), the two ends of fixed connecting plate (25) have directional post (26) to extend downwards, active plate (29) connects dish (17) with last spherical linkage and fixes, be provided with the guiding that circular hole is inserted in fixed connecting plate (25) two ends leans on (26) at the two ends of active plate (29), be with spring (27) on the directional post (26), the lower end of spring (27) is fixed by spring seat (28) and adjustment nut.