CN100427791C - Gas spring - Google Patents
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- CN100427791C CN100427791C CNB2006101388522A CN200610138852A CN100427791C CN 100427791 C CN100427791 C CN 100427791C CN B2006101388522 A CNB2006101388522 A CN B2006101388522A CN 200610138852 A CN200610138852 A CN 200610138852A CN 100427791 C CN100427791 C CN 100427791C
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- gas spring
- temperature
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- clutch release
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gas spring which uses a compensating medium acting on a compensating piston in order to compensate the dependence on temperature of its characteristic. According to a first aspect of the invention, a compensating medium ( 16 M) is selected whereof the critical temperature (TK) is between the lower limit temperature (Tlower) and a temperature exceeding the upper limit temperature (Tupper) of the range of operating temperatures of the gas spring ( 50 ) by up to 100 DEG C, and the gas spring ( 50 ) is designed such that, at an operating temperature (TB) of the gas spring ( 50 ) not exceeding the critical temperature (TK) of the compensating medium ( 16 M), the point indicating the state of the compensating medium ( 16 M) lies on or above the vapor pressure curve. According to a second aspect, in order to simplify the structure of the gas spring ( 50 ), a single compensating piston ( 10 ) which takes the shape of a cup is used and separates the working chamber ( 1 a), the compensating chamber ( 16 ) and the restoring chamber ( 15 ) of the gas spring ( 50 ) from one another.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas spring, have clutch release slave cylinder and working beam, this clutch release slave cylinder limits the work chamber of filling working medium with a compensating piston device, the hole that this working beam passes in the clutch release slave cylinder is movably stretched in the work chamber, wherein the compensating piston device is by the pressure of working medium and the pressure of compensation medium and the medium that resets (restoring medium) driving, this compensation medium is arranged in the compensation chamber and when temperature raises and expands, make the volume of work chamber increase, it is indoor that this medium that resets is arranged on reseting cavity, makes the volume of work chamber reduce.
Background technique
Such gas spring is known in the art, its objective is compensation to this to use the dependence of compensation medium as the temperature of the gas spring of feature.As an example, the reader can be with reference to DE3141295A1.
About being used as the material of compensation medium, DE3141295A1 has briefly mentioned a kind of " particular fluid ".On the contrary, the DE2511289A1 with same area has particularly pointed out the hydraulic oil as compensation medium.At last, according to US4613115, the two phase system of predetermined substance is used as compensation medium, and perhaps or rather, the system that the liquid and gas of described material coexist as wherein under corresponding pressure and temperature condition is used as compensation medium.
But, facts have proved do not have in the middle of these compensation medium a kind of all satisfactory in all respects.Particularly, the mineral oil that tradition is used does not have gratifying effective volume to expand in the scope of the operating conditions of gas spring, the pressure that the operating conditions of described gas spring normally is in the temperature that is about-30 ℃ on the one hand and about 50 crust to be about on the other hand+80 ℃ temperature and the pressure of about 440 crust between.In the context of the present invention, term " effective volume expansion " is used to represent raise that the volume that causes increases and simultaneously by the pressure volume that the causes difference between reducing that raises by temperature.
Summary of the invention
Therefore an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of gas spring that begins described type, it has improved the compensation to the temperature dependence of gas spring feature.
According to the present invention, this purpose is to realize by means of the gas spring of the described type of beginning, wherein compensation medium is selected like this, promptly, make its critical temperature between first temperature and second temperature, this first temperature lower limit temperature with the temperature range of operation of gas spring basically is identical, this second temperature surpasses about 100 ℃ of the upper limiting temperature of the temperature range of operation of gas spring, and the surface that the compensation medium of compensating piston device is applied to it, the operation medium of compensating piston device surface thereon, the volume of work chamber under the design temperature of gas spring, the volume of compensation chamber under the design temperature of gas spring, with determine size in this wise at the reposition force that acts on the medium that resets on the compensating piston device under the design temperature of gas spring and match each other each other, make under the running temperature of the gas spring of the critical temperature that is no more than compensation medium, the point of the state of indication compensation medium be positioned on the vapor curve or on.
The inventor's achievement has realized that, except that " routine " liquid and two phase system, also there be the 3rd group of material, described " routine " liquid is the liquid of mineral oil for example, be somebody's turn to do the scope of the boiling curve of " routine " liquid away from above-mentioned operating conditions, although therefore it is incompressible basically on the one hand, but only has very little volumetric expansion on the other hand, the characteristics of this two phase system then are, it is mainly offset by the high compressibility of gas phase once more by the high volumetric expansion that gas phase causes, for the 3rd group of material, although these materials have sizable volumetric expansion in described operating conditions scope on the one hand, but it is incompressible on the other hand, therefore its volumetric expansion can both be utilized basically, does not have the narrow limitation of the characteristic of compensation gas spring to dependence on temperature.Basic principle is such fact, that is, on the one hand, liquid just in time had quite high volumetric expansion before boiling, but on the other hand, incompressible basically owing to the attribute that remains liquid.Yet critical temperature is higher than material on 100 ℃ of the normal ranges upper limits of gas spring running temperature not to have the effective volume that the effective volume that obviously surpasses mineral oil expands and expands.And, the inventor also recognizes, be in the material in the normal ranges of gas spring running temperature with critical temperature, and when running temperature is higher than critical temperature under situation about no longer can distinguish between the liquid and gas, dense situation is such, that is, the performance with liquid is corresponding basically in this temperature range for the performance of these materials.At last, the inventor also recognizes, the size of gas spring and the pressure in the gas spring are matched each other, and makes the transformation to liquid/gas two-phase state that is caused by corresponding used compensation medium easily to be prevented from.
In the context of the present invention, when the point of indication compensation medium state was positioned on the vapor curve, the representation commonly used of reference pressure/temperature profile (pT plotted curve) therefore meaned that compensation medium is in its liquid phase.
Advantageously, second temperature should only surpass about 60 ℃ of the upper limiting temperature of gas spring temperature range of operation.Most preferably, second temperature upper limiting temperature with the gas spring temperature range of operation basically is identical, that is to say, the critical temperature of compensation medium is positioned at the scope of gas spring running temperature.
In further improvement of the present invention, compensation medium can be used as the function of the service condition in every kind of situation and selects from the group that comprises following material, and these materials are carbon dioxide (CO
2), ethane (C
2H
5), propane (C
3H
8), hydrogen sulfide (H
2S), ammonia (HN
3), dichloromethane (CH
3Cl), titanium dioxide alkane (SO
2) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF
6).When gas spring according to the present invention be used for automobile, office chair or more or less directly with people's the similar devices that contacts in the time, needless to say, also must consider a series of selection standard, for example flammability or combustibility, toxicity, feature of environmental protection or the like.Consider all these standards, use carbon dioxide (CO
2) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF
6) be best, and carbon dioxide (CO
2) have very high effective volume and expand.
And, be favourable if verified gas spring designs like this, that is, surpassing under the gas spring running temperature of compensation medium critical temperature, the pressure in the compensation chamber is higher than the critical pressure of compensation medium all the time.
In the context of the present invention, though utilizing according to compensation medium of the present invention itself is preferred all the time, it makes whole effective volumes of compensation chamber may be used to expand with temperature, and then motion compensation piston, but under specific circumstances, the mixture that comprises at least two kinds of materials can be introduced in the compensation chamber, wherein at least a material is the compensation medium that has according to characteristic of the present invention.May be favourable like this, for example, if the size of gas spring is determined to obtain required effect, still to have only partial volume must fill compensation medium with the volume that therefore for example compensates chamber by external condition.
Except above-mentioned shortcoming, the gas spring of knowing from begin described publication document also has complex structure, shortcoming that overall dimensions is big, particularly because the structure of compensating piston device.For example, in the gas spring of from DE3141295A1, knowing, movably first piston is connected on second piston by partition in clutch release slave cylinder, this second piston is movably disposed within the outer shell with a determining deviation coaxial surrounding clutch release slave cylinder, and resets or spring housing opens from the compensated cavity septum of ventricles of heart one.
According to a second aspect of the invention, another object of the present invention provides a kind of gas spring that begins described type, and a spot of simple components of its needs and overall dimensions are very little.
According to the present invention, this purpose is to realize by the gas spring that begins described type, this gas spring also comprises compensating cylinder, this compensating cylinder is at certain intervals around clutch release slave cylinder, extend to outside the clutch release slave cylinder and in this far-end closure by means of its end away from the gas spring end, working beam stretches out at the place, end of this gas spring, the compensation chamber is formed by the doughnut between clutch release slave cylinder and the compensating cylinder basically, the compensating piston device comprises a unique compensating piston, this compensating piston is movably received within the compensating cylinder, and for having the cup-shaped of cup and cylindrical part, this cylindrical part is outstanding away from cup on the direction of the end (1b) that working beam stretches out, and this cylindrical part engages with clutch release slave cylinder, and balancing lever is with work chamber, the compensation chamber and the chamber that resets are separated from each other.
Because this structure, a unique compensating piston both will compensate chamber and limit from work chamber, will compensate chamber and work chamber again and limit from the chamber that resets.The quantity and the entire length that this means parts all have been reduced, because the diameter of work chamber is less than the diameter of the chamber that resets, and then because the little mobile stroke of this compensating piston, the volume that has obtained work chamber increases.
Consider the overall dimensions that further reduces gas spring, therefore propose that the cylindrical portions may of cup-shaped compensating piston should be in the doughnut between compensating cylinder and the clutch release slave cylinder.Like this, the whole length of work chamber all can be used for moving of working beam.
If for example the cylindrical part of cup-shaped compensating piston abuts against on the inner peripheral surface of compensating cylinder by means of its part outer circumferential face at least, between compensating piston and compensating cylinder, then can save specific guiding element so.This helps further simplified structure, and then reduces number of components.
Because flange shape widened section is arranged on the free end of the clutch release slave cylinder in the cylindrical part that stretches into the cup-shaped compensating piston, and compensating piston is guided on this widened section movably, another kind of design parameter can be provided, and this design parameter can make compensation medium effect compensating piston surface and the compensation chamber volume under compensation chamber given length thereon be determined independently of one another.
Therefore can prevent vibration and the lateral shift of clutch release slave cylinder with respect to compensating cylinder, in another kind of improvement the of the present invention, propose, at least one supporting member should be arranged in the doughnut between compensating cylinder and the clutch release slave cylinder, and this at least one supporting member should make clutch release slave cylinder remain on the correct position with respect to compensating cylinder, and has the through hole that at least one is used for compensation medium.In this layout, compensating cylinder can have at least one block piece that is used for this at least one supporting member, and this at least one block piece is guaranteed the predetermined minimum interval between the end that this at least one supporting member and working beam stretch out.
In addition, perhaps as a kind of replacement, a plurality of support connecting pieces of clutch release slave cylinder can be arranged on the cylindrical part, preferably approach its free end.These support connecting pieces can radially inwardly extend towards clutch release slave cylinder, also can be configured to for example block.
Preferably, when temperature continued to increase, the volume of compensation medium continued to increase.In this case, in addition or as a kind of replacement, can also integrally or partly can not be compressed.
Do not consider the situation when gas spring is constructed according to a second aspect of the invention, it also is favourable using the condition that realizes a first aspect of the present invention, the compensation medium that is used for structural scheme according to a second aspect of the invention can be oil or expansion wax or two-phase medium, one of this two-phase medium be mutually liquid another be gaseous state, for example sulphur hexafluoride mutually.
As itself is known, the piston that can be connected on the working beam according to the work chamber of two aspects of the present invention is divided into first work chamber and second work chamber, this first work chamber is near the compensating piston device, and working beam passes this second work chamber.
And, can fill for example pressurized air according to the chamber that resets of two aspects of the present invention, this pressurized air so that the mode that the volume of clutch release slave cylinder reduces act on the compensating piston.For this reason, can realize that the entire length of gas spring is short especially.But, as a kind of replacement or in addition, the chamber that resets can hold a spring assembly that acts on the compensating piston.This spring assembly can comprise at least one pressure spring, for example at least one helical spring, cup-shaped spring assembly etc. in this case.
Description of drawings
Below will be by means of the more detailed description the present invention in addition in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of some exemplary embodiments, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows a gas spring in the cross section mode;
Fig. 2 shows the detail drawing of compensating piston in the cross section mode;
Fig. 3 shows the view that a kind of and Fig. 2 similarly improve embodiment;
Fig. 4 shows the detail drawing of clutch release slave cylinder, compensating cylinder and the compensating piston of gas spring shown in Fig. 1 in the cross section mode;
Fig. 5 shows the detail drawing of second exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Fig. 6 shows the detail drawing of the 3rd exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Fig. 7 shows the detail drawing of the 4th exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Fig. 8 shows the detail drawing of the 5th exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Fig. 9 shows the detail drawing of the 6th exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Figure 10 shows the detail drawing of the 7th exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Figure 11 shows the detail drawing of the 8th exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Figure 12 shows the detail drawing of the 9th exemplary embodiment of the clutch release slave cylinder end that is positioned at the compensating piston side in the cross section mode;
Figure 13 shows the detail drawing of second exemplary embodiment of the gas spring end that is positioned at piston rod side in the cross section mode;
Figure 14 shows the detail drawing of the 3rd exemplary embodiment of the gas spring end that is positioned at piston rod side in the cross section mode;
Figure 15 shows the detail drawing of the 4th exemplary embodiment of the gas spring end that is positioned at piston rod side in the cross section mode;
Figure 16 shows the detail drawing of the 5th exemplary embodiment of the gas spring end that is positioned at piston rod side in the cross section mode;
Figure 17 shows the detail drawing of the 6th exemplary embodiment of the gas spring end that is positioned at piston rod side in the cross section mode;
Figure 18 shows the detail drawing of the 7th exemplary embodiment of the gas spring end that is positioned at piston rod side in the cross section mode.
Embodiment
Among Fig. 1, be designated 50 generally according to gas spring of the present invention.Gas spring 50 has the clutch release slave cylinder 1 that a working piston 2 is guided therein movably.Working piston 2 is divided into first work chamber 3 and second work chamber 4 with the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1.Piston rod 6 is fixed on the working piston 2, passes second work chamber 4 with extraneous sealing, and with the mode of the sealing external guidance at gas spring 1.
So the motion of working piston 2 in the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 that can decay, this internal chamber has been filled pressurized gas 1M, and first work chamber 3 is arranged in the working piston 2 with the throttle orifice 5 that second work chamber 4 is communicated with.But,, can also in clutch release slave cylinder 1, make at least one cannelure except throttle orifice 5 or as a kind of replacement of this throttle orifice 5.
The opening end 1c opposite with piston rod external part 1b of clutch release slave cylinder 1 is by means of a cup-shaped compensating piston 10 sealings.Compensating piston 10 comprises a cup 10a and a cylindrical part 10b, and wherein cup 10a illustrates with the disc-shape example in this exemplary embodiment, and cylindrical part 10b is outstanding away from cup 10a along the direction of piston rod external part 1b.The cylindrical part 10b that its internal chamber forms the cup-shaped opening 11 of compensating piston 10 guides on the external peripheral surface of clutch release slave cylinder 1.For this reason, clutch release slave cylinder 1 has a flange shape widened section 7 at 1c place, its end, a circular groove 8 is set in the outer radial periphery face of this part, and O shape ring 9 is inserted in this circular groove 8.The cylindrical part 10b of compensating piston 10 guides like this, makes it to move on the flange shape widened section 7 of the end of clutch release slave cylinder 1 1c and encircle 9 by O shape to seal.
Even because when compensating piston 10 during near the free end 1c of clutch release slave cylinder 1, as shown in Figure 1, between gas 1M infiltration compensating piston 10 and the clutch release slave cylinder 1 in the gap, so the pressurized gas 1M among the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 is in surfaces A
1The place acts on the compensating piston 10.The pressure of this gas 1M applies an active force to compensating piston 10, and this active force points to the internal chamber 1a that makes clutch release slave cylinder 1 like this and becomes big.
In addition, compensating piston 10 is arranged to can move axially in compensating cylinder 12 with its cylindrical outer surface, this compensating cylinder 12 ground coaxial surrounding clutch release slave cylinder 1 that is spaced a distance, and its away from the place, end of piston rod 6 by bottom 13 sealings.Closed disk 14 not only seals clutch release slave cylinder 1 but also seals compensating cylinder 12 at piston rod side, makes the outside seal of piston rod 6 from the atmosphere to the outside realize with static mode by means of the seal arrangement of compensation chamber 16, that is to say without any moving member.
The doughnut 16 that is formed between clutch release slave cylinder 1 and the compensating cylinder 12 is filled with compensation medium 16M, and this compensation medium expands when temperature raises, and that is to say, its volume increases.Compensation medium 16M is at the end face A of cylindrical part 10b
2The place acts on the compensating piston 10, and applies an active force to it, and this active force points to the internal chamber 1a that makes clutch release slave cylinder 1 like this and becomes big.
For will compensate chamber 16 and be formed on compensating piston 10 and bottom 13 between and be filled with chamber 15 seal isolation that reset of pressurized gas 15M, compensating piston 10 has a radial circumference groove 17 in its outer surface, lip ring 18 assigns in this groove.For this reason, reset pressurized gas 15M in the chamber 15 in surfaces A
3The place acts on the compensating piston 10 and to piston 10 and applies an active force, and this active force points to like this internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 is diminished.
The pre-stretching of compensating piston 10 on the free end 1c of clutch release slave cylinder 1 direction also can act on the structure in the chamber 15 that resets of the pressure spring 15M ' on the compensating piston 10 by means of at least one and/or the structure that is connected to by means of at least one in the compensation chamber 16 of the extension spring on the compensating piston 10 forms, in addition or as a kind of replacement, can in the chamber 15 that resets, pressurized gas 15M be set.
As mentioned above, the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 is filled with pressurized gas 1M, makes compensating piston 10 be tensioned in advance in the compensating cylinder 12, and the just feasible chamber 15 that resets diminishes.Be arranged on pressure and the pressure effect surfaces A thereon of the gas 15M in the chamber 15 that resets
1And A
3Select in such a way and design, promptly, making to act on makes the big active force of chamber 15 changes that reset all the time greater than the pressure that acts on owing to the pressure among the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 on the compensating piston 10 on the compensating piston 10, that is to say, particularly do not consider the position of the interior working piston 2 of the 1a of inner cavity chamber of clutch release slave cylinder 1.
Should be pointed out that also to be provided with and be supported on clutch release slave cylinder 1 on the compensating cylinder 12 and make it remain on supporting member 40 on the appropriate location with respect to the latter.This supporting member 40 has at least one through hole 40a that is used for compensation medium 16M, and this through hole flows through this hole to compensation medium 16M provides as far as possible little obstruction.Flange 41 on the compensating cylinder 12 guarantees that supporting member 40 keeps predetermined minimum interval with the end 1b of the clutch release slave cylinder 1 of piston rod side all the time.Much less, a plurality of such spacer elements also can be set.
In order to utilize compensation medium 16M best, at the minimum operating temperature of gas spring 50, in the time of for example-30 ℃, compensating piston 10 is positioned at the 1C place, end of the flange shape widened section 7 that approaches to have end face.The volume that this means the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 also is in minimum.
If ambient temperature raises, compensation medium 16M expands and compensating piston 10 is moved towards the bottom 13 of compensating cylinder 12, that is to say, the feasible chamber 15 that resets diminishes.Thus, the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 becomes big.This means, do not increase or only be increased to the qualification degree if in fact the volume of internal chamber 1a keeps constant, so because the temperature in the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 raises, and pressure will increase, because the volume of the internal chamber 1a of clutch release slave cylinder 1 increases the effect that the meeting compensation temperature increases.
According to the present invention, carbon dioxide (CO
2) preferably as compensation medium 16M, and because gas spring 50 and the geometrical shape of parts or the respective design of size, this carbon dioxide remains such high pressure in compensation chamber 16, promptly, make and go up the normal ranges that the force value that shows its state is positioned at the gas spring running temperature at Pressure/Temperature figure (pT figure), that is to say, be positioned at-30 ℃ lowest temperature T approximately
Lower limitThe temperature upper limit T of peace treaty+80 ℃
The upper limitBetween, all the time on the vapor curve or at least on vapor curve.The critical temperature T of carbon dioxide
kBe about 31 ℃ of facts that also therefore are positioned at described temperature range of operation, and the fact that no longer can distinguish gas phase and liquid phase during the temperature on critical temperature expands to effective volume surprisingly and does not have any adverse effect, it is high that desirable effective volume expands, because under the pressure of the density of carbon dioxide in relevant this situation is so high, it is the same with liquid basically to make it show as.
Owing to, even guaranteed at critical temperature T according to the size of gas spring 50 of the present invention
kOn temperature under pressure carbon dioxide be positioned at the critical pressure P of carbon dioxide all the time
kOn, this critical pressure is 73.8 crust.
Term " effective volume expansion Δ V ", perhaps or rather, term " relatively effective volume expansion Δ V/V " is used to represent raise that the volume that causes increases and simultaneously by the pressure volume that the causes difference between reducing that raises, be that is to say by temperature in the context of the present invention:
Δ V/V=(T
The upper limit-T
Lower limit) γ-(p
The upper limit-p
Lower limit) α
Wherein:
T
The upper limitBe the upper limiting temperature of temperature range of operation,
T
Lower limitBe the lower limit temperature of temperature range of operation,
p
The upper limitBe the indoor pressure of upper limiting temperature place compensated cavity,
p
Lower limitBe the indoor pressure of lower limit temperature place compensated cavity,
γ be compensation medium volume expansivity and
α is the compressibility coefficient of compensation medium.
The relative effective volume expansion Δ V/V that is used as the mineral oil of comparative medium is about 6.2% in above-mentioned temperature range of operation.
By contrast, carbon dioxide has provided 31.8% relative effective volume expansion Δ V/V.In addition, carbon dioxide have can obtain at low cost and nontoxic, environmental protection, nonflammable in addition with gaseous matter inexplosive advantage during especially with air mixing.
And the compensation medium 16M that can be used for the direct or indirect gas spring that contacts with the people can also be nitrogen oxide (N
2O) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF
6).Nitrogen oxide (N
2O) critical temperature T
kBe about 46.4 ℃, and its critical pressure p
kBe about 72.5 crust.And nitrogen oxide has and is about 26% relative effective volume expansion Δ V/V, and this value only is slightly less than the value of carbon dioxide.Sulphur hexafluoride (SF
6) critical temperature T
kBe about 45.6 ℃, and its critical pressure p
kBe about 37 crust.And sulphur hexafluoride has and is about 10.7% relative effective volume expansion Δ V/V, and some is lower than the value of carbon dioxide but still is the value that is higher than mineral oil significantly this value a little.
Not restricted characteristic or even be not the certain applications of forbidding standard for the possibility of for example flammability, explosion hazard, toxicity, odor pollution or the like characteristic, can also use ethane, propane, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, dichloromethane and sulfur dioxide.Shown in the parameter table 1 below of these materials.
Table 1:
| T k[℃] | P k[crust] | ΔV/V[％] | |
| Ethane | 32.1 | 50.3 | 16.1 |
| Propane | 96.9 | 43.6 | 13.0 |
| Hydrogen sulfide | 100.4 | 89.0 | 19.7 |
| Ammonia | 132.4 | 113.0 | 22.6 |
| Dichloromethane | 143.0 | 68.9 | 14.6 |
| Sulfur dioxide | 157.5 | 80.3 | 16.6 |
Should be understood that, the value of the relative effective volume expansion Δ V/V that lists above is simply to suppose rather than depending under the situation of actual configuration of gas spring, calculate according to the formula that provides previously, the situation of described supposition is: the pressure in the compensation chamber 16 is about 440 crust at+80 ℃ upper limiting temperature place, is about 50 crust at-30 ℃ lower limit temperature place.Institute's indicating value thereby just in order of magnitude scope, provided the suggestion of the suitability of one or another kind of material of medium by way of compensation.
To explain some alternate embodiment below in more detail according to gas spring of the present invention.
In Fig. 1 and 4, compensating piston 10 is made a member, yet in Fig. 2, compensating piston 10 has the step-like annular groove 19 of an outer radial periphery on its cylindrical outer surface, makes cup lengthening and fixedly is inserted in this groove 19 with stuffing box gland 20 that compensating piston 10 has a same outer diameter as.At end face, stuffing box gland 20 can be by the seal element (not shown) and compensating piston 10 sealings of for example O shape ring.
Though compensating piston 10 also is the cup-shaped form in according to the embodiment of Fig. 2, should 3 point out in conjunction with the accompanying drawings at this, this cup-shaped also can be in principle only the base portion 10a by being essentially dish type and be essentially columniform sleeve 20 ' be combined to form.If the length that the thickness of disc-shaped base part 10a must be guided in compensating cylinder 12 with respect to compensating piston 10 is enough, the identical external diameter of sleeve 20 ' just needn't have and compensating piston 10 so.
Fig. 5 to 12 show be positioned at the compensating piston side and with the different embodiments of the end of the clutch release slave cylinder 1 of compensating piston 10 sealing.
Among Fig. 5, tubulose clutch release slave cylinder 1 is positioned at the end 1c radially outward formation flange 22 of compensating piston side and holds the O shape ring 9 of hollow form by this horn shape.
Among Fig. 6,7 and 8, the end that the tubulose clutch release slave cylinder is positioned at the compensating piston side also is that radially outward forms flange 22.In this case, the seal ring 21 that has U-shaped cross-section among Fig. 6 is pressed on the flange 22.
Among Fig. 7, be arranged in parallel and a segment distance with interval around the support ring 23 and the flange 22 of clutch release slave cylinder 1, and be fastened on the clutch release slave cylinder 1 by locking ring 24.Annular space between flange 22 and the support ring 23 has formed the circular groove 8 that holds O shape ring 9.
Among Fig. 8, second support ring 25 abuts against on the flange 22, and by fastening support ring 23 segment distances parallel and with interval of locking ring 24, and radially stretches in the circular groove 26 in the clutch release slave cylinder 1.The circular groove 8 that holds O shape ring 9 is formed between two support rings 23 and 25.
Among Fig. 9, two support rings 23 of parallel to each other and each interval and 25 are connected on the outer surface of clutch release slave cylinder 1, and between has formed the circular groove 8 that holds O shape ring 9.
In the exemplary embodiment of Figure 10 and 11, do not have flange shape widened section, but change in the outer surface that circular groove 8 is formed on clutch release slave cylinder 1, to hold O shape ring 9.Among Figure 10, circular groove is produced by radial deformation, forms by machining among Figure 11.
According to Figure 12, the circular groove 8 that holds O shape ring 9 is formed among the independent sector 1d, but this independent sector 1d is connected on the clutch release slave cylinder 1, makes to become fixed relationship ground to move with clutch release slave cylinder.
Figure 13 to 18 shows the end that gas spring 50 is positioned at piston rod side.
At this, the end formed of tubulose compensating cylinder 12 that is positioned at piston rod side is to form radially the inwardly flange 27 of guiding.Annular brace element 28 axially abuts against on the flange 27.Supporting member 28 is looped around on its outer radial periphery face by means of compensating cylinder 12, in Figure 13,16 and 17 exemplary embodiment, form a flange 29 by distortion in compensating cylinder 12, in Figure 13 and 17, this flange radially is engaged in the corresponding recesses 30 in the supporting member 28.
The end that supporting member 28 stretches in the gas spring has a step 31, and the reduced of this step 31 is complementary to the internal diameter with clutch release slave cylinder 1, and the engaged at end of this step 31 and clutch release slave cylinder 1.
Among Figure 13, clutch release slave cylinder is connected on the supporting member 28, yet in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 14 to 16, a flange 33 that radially inwardly points to forms by the mode that makes clutch release slave cylinder 1 distortion, and engages with corresponding recesses 34 in the step 31 of supporting member 28.
Among Figure 17, the step 31 of supporting member 28 has a circular groove 35 in its outer radial periphery face, and the flange shape shape of radially inwardly pointing to 36 of clutch release slave cylinder 1 end engages with this circular groove 35.
Among Figure 16, the shoulder 37 that causes forming step 31 of supporting member 28 abuts against on the flange 29.
Among Figure 18, radially the flange 38 that inwardly points to is forming by the mode that makes clutch release slave cylinder 1 distortion with seal element 32 axially spaced-aparts one segment distance place, and forms the block piece that outwards moves of limited piston 2.
Among Figure 13 to 15 and 17 to 18, seal ring 39 is arranged in the compensation chamber 16, approaches supporting member 28 or axially near the latter, and sealing ring 39 is radially inwardly near the outer wall of clutch release slave cylinder 1, and radially outward is near the inwall of compensating cylinder 2, and will compensate chamber 16 and supporting member 28 sealings.
Claims (19)
1, a kind of gas spring (50) comprising:
Clutch release slave cylinder (1), this clutch release slave cylinder with compensating piston (10) limit the work chamber (1a) be filled with working medium (1M) and
The perforate that working beam (6), this working beam pass in the clutch release slave cylinder (1) is movably stretched in the work chamber (1a),
Wherein compensating piston device (10) is by the pressure of working medium (1M) and the pressure of compensation medium (16M) and the medium that resets (15M) driving, this compensation medium is arranged in the compensation chamber (16) and when temperature raises and expands, thereby make the volume of work chamber (1a) increase, this medium that resets is arranged in the chamber that resets (15), so that the volume of work chamber (1) reduces
It is characterized in that, select compensation medium (16M) like this, that is, make its critical temperature (T
k) be positioned at the first temperature (T
1) and the second temperature (T
2) between, the first temperature (T
1) basically with the lower limit temperature (T of the temperature range of operation of gas spring (50)
Lower limit) identical, and this second temperature (T
2) surpass the upper limiting temperature (T of the temperature range of operation of gas spring (50)
The upper limit) about 100 ℃, and mend and taste compensating piston device (10) surface (A that medium (16M) is applied to it
2), compensating piston device (10) surface (A that is applied to it of working medium (1M)
1), the volume of the work chamber (1a) under gas spring (50) design temperature, under gas spring (50) design temperature compensation chamber (16) volume and determine size in this wise and match each other each other at the reposition force that acts on the medium that resets (15M) on the compensating piston device (10) under the design temperature of gas spring (50), thereby make at the critical temperature (T that is no more than compensation medium (16M)
k) gas spring (50) running temperature (T
B) under, the point of state of indication compensation medium (16M) be positioned on the vapor curve or on.
2, gas spring according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the second temperature (T
2) surpass the upper limiting temperature (T of the temperature range of operation of gas spring (50)
The upper limit) about 60 ℃.
3, gas spring according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, compensation medium (16M) is selected from the group that comprises following material, and these materials are carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, dichloromethane, sulfur dioxide, sulphur hexafluoride nitrogen oxide.
4, gas spring according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, at the critical temperature (T that surpasses compensation medium (16M)
k) gas spring (50) running temperature under, the pressure in compensation chamber (16) is higher than the critical pressure (p of compensation medium all the time
k).
5, gas spring according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the second temperature (T
2) basically with the upper limiting temperature (T of the temperature range of operation of gas spring (50)
The upper limit) identical.
6, a kind of gas spring (50) comprising:
Clutch release slave cylinder (1), this clutch release slave cylinder with compensating piston device (10) limit the work chamber (1a) be filled with working medium (1M) and
The perforate that working beam (6), this working beam pass in the clutch release slave cylinder (1) is movably stretched in the work chamber (1a),
Wherein compensating piston device (10) is by the pressure of working medium (1M) and the pressure of compensation medium (16M) and the medium that resets (15M) driving, this compensation medium is arranged in the compensation chamber (16) and when temperature raises and expands, thereby make the volume of work chamber (1a) increase, this medium that resets is arranged in the chamber that resets (15), so that the volume of work chamber (1) reduces
It is characterized in that, this gas spring also comprises compensating cylinder (12), this compensating cylinder is at certain intervals around clutch release slave cylinder (1), extend to outside the clutch release slave cylinder (1) and by means of the end (1c) of its end (1b) and to locate closure in the end (1c) of described end (1b) away from gas spring (50) away from gas spring (50), wherein working beam is located to stretch out in the end of gas spring (50) (1b), compensating chamber (16) is simultaneously formed by the doughnut between clutch release slave cylinder (1) and the compensating cylinder (12) basically, and the compensating piston device comprises a unique compensating piston (10), this compensating piston is movably received within the compensating cylinder (12), and for having the cup-shaped of cup (10a) and cylindrical part (10b), this cylindrical part (10b) is outstanding away from cup (10a) on the direction of the end (1b) that working beam stretches out, and this cylindrical part (10b) engages with clutch release slave cylinder (1), and this compensating piston (10) is with work chamber (1a), compensation chamber (16) and the chamber that resets (15) are separated from each other.
7, gas spring according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the cylindrical part (10b) of compensating piston (10) is engaged in the doughnut (16) between compensating cylinder (12) and the clutch release slave cylinder (1).
According to claim 6 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that 8, the cylindrical part (10b) of compensating piston (10) abuts against on the inner peripheral surface of compensating cylinder (12) by means of its part outer circumferential face at least.
9, according to claim 6 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that, flange shape widened section (7) is arranged on clutch release slave cylinder (1) free end (1c) in the cylindrical part (10b) that stretches into compensating piston (10), and compensating piston (10) is gone up guiding at this widened section (7) movably.
10, according to claim 6 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that, at least one supporting member (40) is arranged in the doughnut (16) between compensating cylinder (12) and the clutch release slave cylinder (1), and this at least one supporting member (40) remains on clutch release slave cylinder (1) on the correct position with respect to compensating cylinder (12), and has at least one through hole that is used for compensation medium (16M) (40a).
11, gas spring according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, compensating cylinder (12) has at least one block piece that is used at least one supporting member (40) (41), and this at least one block piece (41) is guaranteed the predetermined minimum interval between the end (1b) that this at least one supporting member (40) and working beam stretch out.
According to claim 6 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that 12, a plurality of support connecting pieces of clutch release slave cylinder (1) are arranged on the cylindrical part (10b).
According to claim 6 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that 13, when temperature continued to increase, the volume of compensation medium (16M) continued to increase.
According to claim 6 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that 14, compensation medium (16M) integrally or partly incompressible.
According to claim 6 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that 15, compensation medium (16M) is oil or expansion wax or two-phase medium, one of this two-phase medium be mutually liquid another be gaseous state mutually.
16, according to claim 1 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that, the piston (2) that work chamber (1a) is connected on the working beam (6) is divided into first work chamber (3) and second work chamber (4), piston apparatus (10) is tasted near mending by first work chamber (3), and working beam (6) passes this second work chamber (4) and extends.
According to claim 1 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that 17, the medium that resets (15M) is formed by the pressurized gas that is arranged in the chamber that resets (15).
According to claim 1 or 7 described gas springs, it is characterized in that 18, the medium that resets (15M ') is formed by spring assembly.
19, gas spring according to claim 12 is characterized in that, a plurality of support connecting pieces of clutch release slave cylinder (1) approach the free end of clutch release slave cylinder.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005028015.3 | 2005-06-16 | ||
| DE102005028015 | 2005-06-16 | ||
| DE102005038115.4 | 2005-08-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1920328A CN1920328A (en) | 2007-02-28 |
| CN100427791C true CN100427791C (en) | 2008-10-22 |
Family
ID=37778125
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006101388522A Expired - Fee Related CN100427791C (en) | 2005-06-16 | 2006-06-16 | Gas spring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100427791C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102767586A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-11-07 | 常州气弹簧有限公司 | Controllable temperature-sensitive gas spring |
| EP2930270B1 (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2019-06-05 | Joseph Vögele AG | Damper device |
| CN106641068B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-05-28 | 宁波一力减震器有限公司 | Compression gas spring with outburst force characteristic |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2511289A1 (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1975-09-18 | Peugeot | OIL-PNEUMATIC SUSPENSION ELEMENT |
| DE3141295A1 (en) * | 1981-10-17 | 1983-04-28 | Stabilus Gmbh, 5400 Koblenz | Gas spring with an extension force controlled as a function of temperature |
| US4613115A (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1986-09-23 | Gas Spring Company, Division Of Fichtel & Sachs Industries, Inc. | Temperature compensated gas spring |
| DE10052864A1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-07-05 | Ford Global Tech Dearborn | Automatic, temperature-compensated gas pressure rod and method for producing it has an outer cylinder with closed and open ends holding an inner cylinder and a partition separating the cylinders' inner space into chambers. |
-
2006
- 2006-06-16 CN CNB2006101388522A patent/CN100427791C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2511289A1 (en) * | 1974-03-14 | 1975-09-18 | Peugeot | OIL-PNEUMATIC SUSPENSION ELEMENT |
| DE3141295A1 (en) * | 1981-10-17 | 1983-04-28 | Stabilus Gmbh, 5400 Koblenz | Gas spring with an extension force controlled as a function of temperature |
| US4613115A (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1986-09-23 | Gas Spring Company, Division Of Fichtel & Sachs Industries, Inc. | Temperature compensated gas spring |
| DE10052864A1 (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-07-05 | Ford Global Tech Dearborn | Automatic, temperature-compensated gas pressure rod and method for producing it has an outer cylinder with closed and open ends holding an inner cylinder and a partition separating the cylinders' inner space into chambers. |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1920328A (en) | 2007-02-28 |
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