CN100424108C - Preparation method of plant oil polyalcohol - Google Patents
Preparation method of plant oil polyalcohol Download PDFInfo
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- CN100424108C CN100424108C CNB2006100257035A CN200610025703A CN100424108C CN 100424108 C CN100424108 C CN 100424108C CN B2006100257035 A CNB2006100257035 A CN B2006100257035A CN 200610025703 A CN200610025703 A CN 200610025703A CN 100424108 C CN100424108 C CN 100424108C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a preparation method for plant oil polyalcohol which can be used for preparing various polyurethane hard bubble materials. The polyalcohol with the hydroxyl value range of 200 to 700 mgKOH/g can be prepared and obtained by plant oil, low substituted fatty amine and/or polyalcohol to react under the existence of alkali by the present invention. The present invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, simple technology and convenient post treatment, and is suitable for large-scale industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of vegetable oil polyol, described vegetable oil polyol can be used for preparing various polyurethane rigid foam materials.
Background technology
Because the finiteness of petroleum resources, it is that the original petroleum of raw material substitution prepares polyvalent alcohol that people begin with vegetables oil.US6107433 discloses and has a kind ofly prepared the method for polyvalent alcohol with vegetables oil, and it uses fluoroboric acid catalyzer that vegetables oil is carried out epoxidation, uses other fluoroboric acid catalyzer to add that alcohol becomes polyvalent alcohol with the epoxidized oil hydroxylation then.This preparation method's defective is that original price height, reactivity hazard height, by product handle cumbersome.CN1583828A discloses a kind of preparation method of the polyvalent alcohol based on oils chemical oil, and its clay by the oils chemical oil of hybrid ring oxidation, pure and mild acid activation or sour extracted prepares the polyvalent alcohol based on oils chemical oil.Handle more complicated: need filtration clay, stripping to go out excessive alcohol, reclaim polyvalent alcohol.Vegetables oil all must be earlier through epoxidation among above-mentioned two preparation methods, and epoxidation step has increased cost to industrialized production.In addition, the hydroxyl value of the polyvalent alcohol that CN1583828A is prepared is at 110mgKOH/g～200mgKOH/g, and limited hydroxyl value scope has limited the purposes of product.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of method for preparing vegetable oil polyol, used vegetables oil need not cyclisation can directly participate in reaction, reactions steps and aftertreatment are all very simple, and can prepare the polyvalent alcohol of hydroxyl value scope at 200～700mgKOH/g by regulating different proportioning raw materials.This vegetable oil polyol petroleum base polyvalent alcohol of can partly refining is used to prepare polyurethane rigid foam material, for example is used for pipeline, antitheft door, external wall, spins aspects such as wood material and finishing material.
The preparation method of vegetable oil polyol of the present invention, participated in prepared in reaction and obtained by a, b, c three parts:
A, vegetables oil
B, mineral alkali or its aqueous solution
C, low substituted aliphatic amine and/or alcohol
Three kinds of components are reacted under protection of inert gas earlier, under vacuum, react again, and cooling, promptly.
Preferred one or more in soybean oil, Rice pollard oil, Semen Maydis oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, sweet oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, Thistle oil, rapeseed oil or plam oil of vegetables oil wherein.Soybean oil more preferably.
The wherein preferred mixture of one or more in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, yellow soda ash of mineral alkali, or the aqueous solution of these alkali.More preferably sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
Wherein low substituted aliphatic amine is one or more in monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, trolamine, propylene diamine preferably.Preferred low substituted aliphatic amine is diethanolamine and/or trolamine.
Wherein alcohol is selected from one or more the mixture in glycerine, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), sucrose, sorbyl alcohol, tetramethylolmethane or the glucose.Preferred alcohol is glycerine and/or tetramethylolmethane.
Preferred low substituted aliphatic amine and alcohol exist simultaneously.
Further preferred reactive component is: soybean oil; Potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide; Diethanolamine and/or trolamine; Glycerine or tetramethylolmethane.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, in total reactant weight, the preferred weight of each component is: vegetables oil accounts for 45～85% weight; Mineral alkali accounts for 0.2～5% weight; Low substituted aliphatic amine and/or alcohol account for 10～50% weight.
The rare gas element preferred nitrogen of above-mentioned reaction.
Preferred 30～90 minutes of reaction times in rare gas element; Preferred 1～10 hour of reaction times under vacuum state.
Preferred 100～～150 ℃ of temperature of reaction in rare gas element; 150～250 ℃ of temperature of reaction under vacuum state.
Preferred 5～the 200mmHg of the vacuum tightness of reacting under the vacuum.
Reaction process of the present invention is: react certain hour earlier in rare gas element, close rare gas element then, vacuumize, continue reaction again at vacuum condition, make to react completely, cooling promptly gets product.Preferred condition is that the temperature of reaction in nitrogen is 100～150 ℃, reacts and closes nitrogen after 30～90 minutes, vacuumizes 5～200mmHg, be warming up to 150～250 ℃ simultaneously, be incubated 1～10 hour after rising to certain temperature under vacuum, the cooling reaction solution promptly gets product.Therefore, preparation method's reaction process of the present invention is simple, and aftertreatment is easy, is fit to industrialized production.
The present invention can be by regulating the polyvalent alcohol that different reaction raw materials and proportioning obtain different hydroxyl values, to adapt to different product demands.As:
In total reactant weight, when each composition weight is: when vegetables oil 59～75%, low substituted aliphatic amine and alcohol 24～40%, mineral alkali 0.2～2%, be 400～460mgKOH/g with the product hydroxyl value that a process for preparing.
And for example:
In total reactant weight, when each composition weight is: when vegetables oil 74～84%, low substituted aliphatic amine and alcohol 15～25%, mineral alkali 0.2～2%, be 220～280mgKOH/g with the product hydroxyl value that a process for preparing.
The invention has the advantages that the preparation method is simple, raw material sources are abundant, and the controlled hydroxyl scope of product is bigger, is fit to industrialized production.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Soybean oil 710g
Diethanolamine 130g
Trolamine 100g
Glycerine 50g
Tetramethylolmethane 18g
Water 5g
KOH 5g
Said components is fed intake, at N
2Protection is warming up to 110 ℃ of reaction 45min down.Close N
2, vacuumize, be warming up to 160 ℃, in 160 ℃ of insulations 4 hours.Cooling promptly gets the about 950g of product.Product hydroxyl value 430mgKOH/g.
Embodiment 2
Soybean oil 820g
Diethanolamine 100g
Trolamine 60g
Glycerine 20g
Ethylene glycol 20g
Water 5g
KOH 5g
Said components is fed intake, at N
2Protection is warming up to 120 ℃ of reaction 30min down.Close N
2, vacuumizing, 5-100mmHg was warming up to 180 ℃, in 180 ℃ of insulations 4 hours.Cooling promptly gets the about 960g of product.Product hydroxyl value 250mgKOH/g.
Embodiment 3
Plam oil 1150g
Diethanolamine 445g
Glycerine 330g
Water 10g
Sodium hydroxide 6g
Said components is fed intake, and logical nitrogen is warming up to 110 ℃, reaction 90min.Close nitrogen, be warming up to 160 ℃, vacuumize, in 160 ℃ of insulations 5 hours.Cooling gets the about 1800g of product.Product hydroxyl value 630mgKOH/g.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of a vegetable oil polyol is characterized in that: will
A, vegetables oil
B, mineral alkali or its aqueous solution
C, low substituted aliphatic amine and/or alcohol
Three kinds of components are reacted under protection of inert gas earlier, under vacuum, react again, and cooling, that is, wherein temperature of reaction is 100～150 ℃ in rare gas element, reacts 30～90 minutes, temperature of reaction is 150～250 ℃ under the vacuum condition, reacts 1～10 hour; Wherein low substituted aliphatic amine is selected from one or more in monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, trolamine, the propylene diamine; Alcohol is selected from one or more in glycerine, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol, TriMethylolPropane(TMP), sucrose, sorbyl alcohol, tetramethylolmethane or the glucose.
2. the preparation method of claim 1, wherein vegetables oil is selected from one or more in soybean oil, Rice pollard oil, Semen Maydis oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, sweet oil, Oleum Gossypii semen, Thistle oil, rapeseed oil or the plam oil.
3. the preparation method of claim 1, wherein mineral alkali is selected from one or more the mixture in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, the yellow soda ash, or the aqueous solution of described mineral alkali.
4. the preparation method of claim 1, wherein vegetables oil is a soybean oil; Mineral alkali is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide; Low substituted aliphatic amine is diethanolamine and/or trolamine; Alcohol is glycerine and/or tetramethylolmethane.
5. the preparation method of claim 1, wherein rare gas element is a nitrogen.
6. the preparation method of claim 1, wherein vacuum tightness is 5～200mmHg.
7. each preparation method in the claim 1 to 6, in total reactant weight, vegetables oil accounts for 45～85% weight; Mineral alkali accounts for 0.2～5% weight; Low substituted aliphatic amine and/or alcohol account for 10～50% weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100257035A CN100424108C (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2006-04-13 | Preparation method of plant oil polyalcohol |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100257035A CN100424108C (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2006-04-13 | Preparation method of plant oil polyalcohol |
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| CN1869184A CN1869184A (en) | 2006-11-29 |
| CN100424108C true CN100424108C (en) | 2008-10-08 |
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| CNB2006100257035A Expired - Fee Related CN100424108C (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2006-04-13 | Preparation method of plant oil polyalcohol |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101020862B (en) * | 2007-03-22 | 2010-11-03 | 北京硕泰生物技术有限责任公司 | Two-step reaction process for preparing hydroxyl vegetable oil |
| CN101117822B (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2010-06-09 | 林玲 | Vegetable oil radical polyurethane composite panels and continuous production method |
| CN101125912B (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2011-03-30 | 南京红宝丽股份有限公司 | Polyurethane foam plastic prepared from barbadosnut oil |
| CN101139428B (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2010-06-09 | 南京红宝丽股份有限公司 | Method for preparing polyurethane foam plastic by employing jatrohpa curcas oil |
| CN101289529B (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2010-12-15 | 上海材料研究所 | Method for preparing aqueous polyurethane emulsion used as adhesive for automobile internal decoration |
| CN101845367B (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2012-07-04 | 河南省科学院高新技术研究中心 | Hydroxylated tung oil and ester group-aminated preparation method thereof |
| US8022257B2 (en) | 2009-09-03 | 2011-09-20 | The Ohio State University Research Foundation | Methods for producing polyols using crude glycerin |
| CN101805258B (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2013-03-27 | 宁波万华容威聚氨酯有限公司 | Preparation method of novel vegetable oil polyol for polyurethane rigid foam |
| CN101830802B (en) * | 2010-05-05 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method for preparing epoxy soybean oil-based polyalcohol from epoxy soybean oil |
| CN103113553A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-22 | 上海市医药保健品进出口有限公司 | Pure vegetable oil based polyalcohol and preparation method thereof |
| CN108659710B (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2021-02-09 | 株洲飞鹿高新材料技术股份有限公司 | Solvent-free finish paint composition for wind power blade and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109880039A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-06-14 | 湖北大学 | A kind of preparation method of palm oil-base aqueous polyurethane |
| CN111269379A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-06-12 | 上海应用技术大学 | Loofah seed oil modified pure water-based polyurethane nano-emulsion and preparation method thereof |
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