CN100423620C - Edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring - Google Patents
Edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN100423620C CN100423620C CNB001077309A CN00107730A CN100423620C CN 100423620 C CN100423620 C CN 100423620C CN B001077309 A CNB001077309 A CN B001077309A CN 00107730 A CN00107730 A CN 00107730A CN 100423620 C CN100423620 C CN 100423620C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring. Under the specific condition that an edge-focusing angle is greater than zero and particularly reaches to optimum damping, dipolar iron is enabled to have the function of quick damping or quick cooling. The dipolar iron is combined with four-pole iron reasonably, the edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring is formed to quickly contract emittance and to increase brightness; moreover, the straight injection of a beam flux can be realized, the present invention solves the difficult problem that the beam flux can not be straightly injected, and the difficult problem can not be solved by human until now. The present invention is a new approach for obtaining high-current high-brightness flux of energy with simplicity, economy and easiness for human after laser light.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the charged particle accelerator field, be specifically related to a kind of charged particle line storage rings.
Background technology
Storage rings are to utilize electromagnetic field that charged particle is constrained in several centimetres of bores or the bigger ring vaccum pipeline, make it constantly do shuttling movement, thereby can keep several hrs even longer time.In ring vaccum pipeline outside, periodic arrangement has four utmost points and dipolar magnet, and each periodic unit is called Lattice[referring to H.Wiedemann, Nucl.Instr.﹠amp; Meth.In Phys.Res.A246 (1986) 4].The former produces the focusing force of vertical direction or horizontal direction, to overcome the Coulomb repulsion between the charged particle, makes it unlikelyly strike on the vacuum pipe wall and lose.The main effect of two utmost point iron is to make beam bending, therefore is also referred to as guidance magnets, and the particle beams is constantly rotated along circular orbit.When the normal on two utmost point iron borders and the angle between the line optical axis are non-vanishing, can produce certain additional focusing or blooming effect, be called edge focusing, can be used for replenishing the focussing force of four utmost point iron.
The operation principle of storage rings is [referring to E.D.Courant, H.S.Snyder, Ann.Phys.3 (1958) 1] that are based upon on the alternating gradient alternating-gradient theory basis of Courant and Snyder.The product of maximum subtended angle of the particle beams and beam diameter half width is called beam emittance.According to above-mentioned theory, beam emittance remains a constant in motion process, promptly claims the emittance conservation.The two dimension emittance can be expressed as an ellipse, and along on the storage rings diverse location in one week, major and minor axis that this is oval and inclination angle are constantly changing; But it is constant that oval area remains, and is the image statement of this conservation theorem.Particularly in permanent electromagnetostatic field, under the condition that particle energy remains unchanged, resemble literary composition [H.Wiedemann, Nucl.Instr.﹠amp; Meth.In Phys.Res.A246 (1986) 4] described in various periodic units, beam emittance is dwindled.That is to say that existing storage rings itself are according to any damping or cooling effect are arranged.
The emittance conservation is the serious hindrance that can not cross over realizing that line injects continuously.The particle beams that will produce injector is injected in the vacuum pipe of storage rings, must be through a device that generates an electromagnetic field, line is pushed to pipe interior [referring to H.Wiedemann, Nucl.Instr.﹠amp; Meth.In Phys.Res.A246 (1986) 4].This device generally is made up of deflector and cutter two parts.Be in the cutter that is called between injected beam and the trunk line circulation line, mainly work to separate both.In motion process, when emittance can not get shrinking, line will inevitably strike once more on the cutter and lose.Usually can only realize that single injects, seriously hinder the strong raising of the total stream of storage rings.
The emittance conservation is the serious restriction that beam luminosity is improved.Beam intensity in the unit solid angle is called brightness.It is directly proportional by force with total stream: be inversely proportional to emittance.Because injecting, single limited the strong further raising of total stream.Under the condition of emittance conservation, brightness also can't improve so.High brightness is to build a leading indicator that storage rings pursue [referring to H.Wiedemann, Nucl.Instr.﹠amp; Meth.In Phys.Res.A246 (1986) 4].
In order to improve the strong and brightness of stream, need repeatedly injection to make line obtain accumulation at storage rings.As literary composition [H.Wiedemann, Nucl.Instr.﹠amp; Meth.In Phys.Res.A246 (1986) 4] in the process described such, the line that must make new injection is through repeatedly damping, makes after its storage bundle in trunk line is fused to fully, could begin the new injection of another time and circulate.Because storage rings itself according to any damping or cooling effect are arranged, must just can not make the line of new injection obtain effective damping by means of additional in addition cooling effect.The speed of existing various cooling meanss is compared with the swing circle of particle, and is much lower, generally needs through after the circles up to ten thousand, could begin the new injection circulation of another time.This just makes the accumulation efficient of line in storage rings greatly reduce.How to improve cooldown rate, realize the continuous injection of line, even be the unsolved so far great difficult problems of the mankind.
Beam emittance is dwindled be called damping or line cooling.Line cooling means commonly used at present has following several;
One, adiabatic cooling also claims adiabatic damping [referring to V.V.Parkhomchuk, A.N.Skrinsky, Reports onPreg.In Phys.Vol.54, No.7 (1991) 919].When particle was subjected to high-frequency electric field and quickens synchronously, particle energy constantly increased thereupon, and according to the theory of relativity theory, mass particle increases thereupon, and beam emittance also shrinks thereupon.
Two, synchrotron radiation cooling.Mainly occur in the positron-electron storage rings.Because positron-electron when the place of experience two utmost point iron, is subjected to the Luo Lun magneticaction and track is bent, and produces bremstrahlen simultaneously, emittance is shunk [referring to V.V.Parkhomchuk, A.N.Skrinsky, Reports on Preg.In Phys.Vol.54, No.7 (1991) 919].
Three, electron beam cooling.In positive antiproton and heavy ion storage rings, add an electron beam.When electronics was identical with ion average speed, when observing in the inertia coordinate system that advances with this speed, electronics and ion were equivalent to two kinds of gases that temperature is inequality.When the energy spread of electron beam and emittance during less than the ion beam respective amount, heat exchange takes place and trends towards balance in both, and ion beam obtains cooling [referring to V.V.Parkhomchuk, A.N.Skrinsky, Reports on Preg.In Phys.Vol.54, No.7 (1991) 919].
Four, cooling at random.Its basic principle is similar to automatic control.Promptly on a certain azimuth of storage rings, settle a detector, detect the electromagnetic field generator that signal control is settled at a distance of place, certain azimuth, constantly particle is corrected on the equilibrium orbit, statistics shows for a long time, the particle emission degree can shrink, and energy spread also can reduce [referring to V.V.Parkhomchuk, A.N.Skrinsky, Reports on Preg.In Phys.Vol.54, No.7 (1991) 919].
All said method cooling effectivenesss are not high, can't realize the continuous injection [referring to V.V.Parkhomchuk, A.N.Skrinsky, Reports on Preg.In Phys.Vol.54, No.7 (1991) 919] of line so far.Up to the present, the mankind have built many storage rings, and a fundamental drawback is exactly that emittance can not be shunk.Particularly in permanent electromagnetostatic field, under the condition that particle energy remains unchanged, although four utmost point iron and two utmost point iron have various various combinations designs [referring to H.Wiedemann, Nucl.Instr.﹠amp; Meth.In Phys.Res.A246 (1986) 4], even not understanding, people how emittance to be shunk with two utmost point iron.When magnetic field is subjected to along with particle that high-frequency electric field quickens synchronously and when rising, above-mentioned adiabatic cooling can occurs; But the structure-irrelevant of it and two utmost point iron is that particle energy increases and the adjection that occurs.That is to say,, or claim that line cools off automatically even the mankind fail so far to find that two utmost point iron have any damping action.
Summary of the invention
The storage rings that provide a kind of nonlinear dampling of utilizing edge focusing that emittance is shunk are provided.
Theoretical foundation of the present invention is to be the nonlinear dampling of the edge focusing that we find.
When nonlinear edge being discussed focusing on, B.Autin says: " the item row formula of horizontal motion matrix is not strict to equal 1, well-known, littlely holds together to handle and can not all observe conservation theorem at all approximate grade." [referring to B.Autin, AIPConf.Proc., 153 (1987) 288, P.319] his determinant that obtains can be less than 1, and beam emittance can shrink.Be exactly nonlinear dampling or cooling.But the author thinks that this is seemingly because the illusion that approximation method causes.
Want to understand fully this problem, must eliminate the uncertainty that approximation method is brought.We utilize the functional relation between canonical variable and the emittance according to the Liouville's theorem of regular space phase volume conservation, obtain being transformed to by regular space the corresponding Ya Gebi determinant of emittance.The result shows, under the situation of linear movement, and unanimity as a result in the emittance conservation, identical text [Ann.Phys.3 (1958) 1 for E.D.Courant, H.S.Snyder].At free space, the emittance conservation.In the electromagnetism place, emittance and non-conservation.Then, tried to achieve the analytic solutions of the equation of motion, can finish the accurate Analysis of determinant and express, thoroughly got rid of the interference of perturbation processing method error thereby obtain Asia that nonlinear edge focuses on.The result shows, the certain non-conservation of emittance.Generally speaking, the emittance whole plane is divided into two zones, and one is the emittance shrinking zone; Another is the emittance enlarged area.Only at both intersections, emittance is conservation.When increasing along with the edge focusing angle, the expanded range of emittance shrinking zone; And an optimum value appears, and promptly focus under the condition at angle in this particular edge, the scope complete obiteration of emittance enlarged area, whole plane is damping state.Under the specified conditions of this optimal damping, dipolar magnet not only can use as guidance magnets; And can or be called the cooler use as damper, emittance is shunk rapidly.Subsequently, utilize the double cooler of doing of guidance magnets, finished the physical Design of an edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring,, done the tracking of particle movement and calculated, obtained the damping phasor of emittance fast contraction by Computer Simulation.The result shows that cooldown rate is exceedingly fast, to such an extent as to can realize the continuous injection of line, even solved unsolved so far this great difficult problem of the mankind, has established theoretical foundation for line injects the accumulation storage rings continuously.
A kind of edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring of the present invention, comprise four utmost point iron and two utmost point iron that ring vaccum pipeline and pipeline External Periodic are arranged, it is characterized in that, the ingress edge of described two utmost point iron focuses on angle (7) greater than zero, the inlet limit of this two utmost points iron is parallel with the outlet limit, and equals zero in outlet edge focusing angle.
Another edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring of the present invention, described edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring is made up of 6 structural cycles, and each structural cycle comprises successively: two utmost point iron, free drift region L
1, four utmost point iron, free drift region L
2, four utmost point iron and free drift region L
3
Technical scheme of the present invention utilizes the edge focusing angle of two utmost point guidance magnets greater than zero, perhaps satisfies under the condition of optimal damping at it, makes two utmost point guidance magnets have both the effect of cooler.Simultaneously, in constant electromagnetic field, make the work of storage rings be not only stable with other concentrating element reasonable combination such as four utmost point iron; And beam emittance can be shunk rapidly, improves brightness.Also can make line and inject the accumulation storage rings continuously, significantly improve the accumulation efficient of line in storage rings.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, for the diagram of edge focusing nonlinear dampling optimum condition.
Fig. 2, be structural cycle of edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring.
Fig. 3, for the damping phasor.
Fig. 4, be to inject continuously phasor.
Fig. 5, be hydrogen boron fusion storage rings schematic diagrames.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the diagram of edge focusing nonlinear dampling optimum condition.When the inlet limit of two utmost point iron is parallel with the outlet limit, and the equilibrium orbit center is on same the straight line in outlet limit the time, and the emittance whole plane all is subjected to damping action.Under these specified conditions, two utmost point iron also can be brought into play maximum damping action simultaneously except guide effect.
Fig. 2 is structural cycle of edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring.This edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring, in ring vaccum pipeline outside, periodic arrangement has four utmost points and dipolar magnet, and the ingress edge of described two utmost point iron focuses on angle 7 greater than zero, and the inlet limit of this two utmost points iron is parallel with the outlet limit, and equals zero in outlet edge focusing angle.In the present embodiment, edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring is made up of 6 structural cycles, and each structural cycle comprises successively: two utmost point iron 1, free drift region L
12, four utmost point iron 6, free drift region L
23, four utmost point iron 5 and free drift region L
34; Two utmost point iron satisfy the described optimal damping condition of Fig. 1, and wherein, the relevant parameter of each structural cycle is as follows:
N＝6：φ＝π/3；K
b＝0.05；L1＝L2＝10cm
L3＝35cm；Le＝6cm；β1＝π/3；β2＝0
K1＝0.13077；K2＝0.10196；μ
x＝1.2939：μ
y＝1.6624
Above-mentioned parameter symbol and same meaning commonly used.Wherein, N represents the structural cycle number; φ represents that every two utmost point iron makes beam bending 60 degree; L1, L2 are two free drift region length; L3 is the distance between two utmost point iron of four utmost point iron and next structural cycle; Le is four utmost point iron length; β 1 is that ingress edge focuses on the angle; β 2 is that outlet edge focuses on the angle; K
bBe the curvature of two utmost point iron; K1, K2 are the gradient parameters of two four utmost point iron.6 structural cycles are formed storage rings; Under these conditions, the eigenvalue of linear movement is μ
x, μ
yThe length of a structural cycle is 81cm; The girth of ring is 486cm altogether.
Fig. 3 is a resulting damping phasor under the above-mentioned condition.In four utmost point iron districts, still use the matrixing in the literary composition [Ann.Phys.3 (1958) 1 for E.D.Courant, H.S.Snyder] to calculate; In two utmost point iron districts, adopt six grades of Long Gekuta methods to calculate, keep six position effective digitals reliable.As seen from the figure, the emittance phase path is no longer as the ellipse of literary composition described in [Ann.Phys.3 (1958) 1 for E.D.Courant, H.S.Snyder]; But, illustrate that emittance is shunk rapidly outward by moving to origin of coordinate rapidly.The computer simulation result confirms that this theoretical prophesy is right-on.
Fig. 4 injects phasor continuously.Under above-mentioned parameter, line initial transmissions degree is elected 40cm mrad as.Become a rectangle, be arranged in the upper end of figure.First end of term in week, rectangle generation distortion, distortion is accelerated subsequently, is difficult to soon distinguish.But, return again less than original position later on, it is far away to illustrate that incident beam separates with the trunk line bundle, can not strike on the vacuum pipe wall and loses, and can realize that speed stream injects the accumulation storage rings continuously.
Effect of the present invention is: even in permanent electromagnetostatic field, emittance also can be shunk rapidly, can be called the supper-fast automatic cooling storage ring of line again, under given conditions, cooling rate is very high, to such an extent as to can realize the continuous injection of line, inject this great difficult problem continuously even solved the unsolved so far line of the mankind, make line and inject the accumulation storage rings continuously.
Its simple economy is easily gone, and only needs to select appropriate parameter when the design storage rings, makes storage rings itself have refrigerating function.Therefore do not need plus external equipment and additional investment.
Under the condition of non-permanent electromagnetostatic field, above-mentioned self refrigerating function still remains unchanged, thermal insulation cooling of Fa Xianing or synchrotron radiation cooling effect already, and stack obtains better effect simultaneously.Certainly, also can be as required, cooling of affix electronics or cooling more at random, effect all superposes, and therefore has compatibility and Overlay.
Ion beam rotates in storage rings with the speed near the light velocity, and speed is very high, and per second is more than megacycle usually.Inject this great difficult problem continuously even solved the unsolved so far line of the mankind, this just makes the accumulation efficient of line in storage rings improve up to ten thousand times, restraint continuously by the weak current in the injector, change the pulse high-current beam of continuous injection accumulation storage rings rapidly into.This will be after laser, for the mankind seek a new way that obtains high brightness pulse high-current beam.And the electric work conversion efficiency is higher, even can solve the more unsolved so far significant problems of laser.
An application examples of the present invention is that the accumulation storage rings are injected in the fusion of hydrogen boron continuously.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the accumulation storage rings are injected in the fusion of hydrogen boron continuously.The pocket storage rings of 1 expression; 2,3 represent two groups of rfq accelerators respectively; 4 expression reactors.This imagination at first puts forward [referring to A.G.Ruggiero, Proc.of Tranc.IEEE (1993) 700] by U.S. Brooker sea civilian lab A .G.Ruggiero.Main body is made up of two pocket rings 1, only 3.3 meters of girths.Injector is that two groups of high frequency quadrupole lenss focus on rfq accelerator 2,3.One group is quickened boron-11 ion to 619Kev, is injected in the ring; Another group accelerating proton is injected in another ring to 56Kev.Line direction of rotation in two rings is identical, at the infall of two rings, promptly in the reaction vessel 4, realizes head-on collision in the opposite direction, and Impact energy is 675Kev, maintains 0.9 crust of reaction probability maximum just.After the polymerization of hydrogen boron, fission is three helions immediately, discharges the energy of 8.7Mev simultaneously.
Releasing of hydrogen boron fusion can carrier be charged ion, collects through reaction vessel, can directly change direct current energy or AC energy into; Need change electric energy into through turbo generator and needn't resemble the fissioning nucleus power station, save the thermoelectric power consumption that changes, effect is higher, more simple economy.
The main advantage of hydrogen boron fusion is that it is a clean nuclear power source.It neither produces neutron, does not produce the radioactive contamination of fissioning nucleus power station nuke rubbish again; And do not produce sulfide, nitride and carbon dioxide are the ideal substitute of fossil fuel coal and oil.
At present, realize the major obstacle of hydrogen boron fusion, be that line injects continuously.Mention in the literary composition [A.G.Ruggiero, Proc.ofTranc.IEEE (1993) 700] with electronics cooling and cooling at random,, can not realize that line injects continuously, hindered the realization of Ruggiero imagination because their cooling rate is too low.The present invention can overcome this exceptional hardship just just in time than timely rain.Certainly, even laser can not solve this significant problem.
Claims (2)
1. edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring, comprise four utmost point iron and two utmost point iron that ring vaccum pipeline and pipeline External Periodic are arranged, it is characterized in that, the ingress edge of described two utmost point iron focuses on angle (7) greater than zero, the inlet limit of this two utmost points iron is parallel with the outlet limit, and equals zero in outlet edge focusing angle.
2. edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described edge-focusing non-linear damp storage ring is made up of 6 structural cycles, and each structural cycle comprises successively: two utmost point iron (1), free drift region L
1(2), four utmost point iron (6), free drift region L
2(3), four utmost point iron (5) and free drift region L
3(4).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101581867B (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-11-03 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Femtosecond photon storage ring based on chiral liquid crystal |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4172236A (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1979-10-23 | The United States As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Loss-free method of charging accumulator rings |
| US4961056A (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1990-10-02 | Yu David U L | Relativistic klystron driven compact high gradient accelerator as an injector to an X-ray synchrotron radiation ring |
| CN1209037A (en) * | 1997-08-14 | 1999-02-24 | 深圳奥沃国际科技发展有限公司 | Longspan cyclotron |
-
2000
- 2000-05-24 CN CNB001077309A patent/CN100423620C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4172236A (en) * | 1978-06-16 | 1979-10-23 | The United States As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Loss-free method of charging accumulator rings |
| US4961056A (en) * | 1989-09-13 | 1990-10-02 | Yu David U L | Relativistic klystron driven compact high gradient accelerator as an injector to an X-ray synchrotron radiation ring |
| CN1209037A (en) * | 1997-08-14 | 1999-02-24 | 深圳奥沃国际科技发展有限公司 | Longspan cyclotron |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101581867B (en) * | 2009-04-07 | 2010-11-03 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Femtosecond photon storage ring based on chiral liquid crystal |
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