CN100420363C - Semi-opening precisive seed sowing apparatus with central-transmission strong push - Google Patents

Abstract

A centrically driven strong push (or blind hole) type precise seed discharger features that the precise seed-discharging wheel in the seed discharging box has the small-size and medium-size seed discharging holes, the big-size seed discharging slots, the upper leakage preventing axle, the lower seed pushing wheels for pushing said small-size and medium-size seeds in said holes (one in one). Said blind hole type one features that said seed discharging holes are blind ones.

Description

Center transmission strong push and half mouthful of Sheng kind of precision seeder

Technical field

The invention belongs to the seeding unit in the agricultural machinery manufacturing technology field, particularly seeding machinery accessory.

Background technology

Existing seeding unit has polytypes such as grooved pulley type, indent type, pneumatic type.Grooved pulley type is better to a large amount of sowing of big or middle grain effects, and indent type also can be realized semi-accuracy seeding to large seed, pneumatic type to big, the sub-precise sowing of medium-sized seed is satisfactory for result, but complex structure, cost is higher, regulates inconvenience, and is not really desirable to small-sized seeds such as rape sowing effect.95205260.1 patent " multifunctional precision seeder sleeve pipe top-unloading type seeding unit " and 99202267.3 patents " multifunctional precision seeder seeding unit " are though realize the accurate seeding of large, medium and small grain seed, but also exist structure comparatively complicated, the transmission resistance is big, seed wheel is fragile, the seeding unit box is deposited kind of amount greatly, and the cleaning of residue seed is than drawbacks such as difficulties.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is the deficiencies in the prior art part is improved, make it simple in structure, cost reduces, seeding precision height, and the transmission resistance reduces, reliable operation, prolong service life, and the cleaning of residue seed is fast thoroughly, and is supporting easy for installation.

Technical solution of the present invention is divided strong push and half mouthful of Sheng kind of two kinds of structural principle, and its product divides single two a plurality of products of type of precision seeder of using that combine with grooved pulley type constant feed mechanism with precision seeder and precision metering device mechanism again more.

Specifically, a kind of center transmission strong push precision seeder, it comprises that mainly seeding unit shell, precision metering device wheel, middle grain hinder the leakage axle, axle, granule seed pushing wheel 23, middle seed pushing wheel 22, seed pushing wheel axle 13, the amount of broadcasting adjusting plate 18, pressure-bearing post 20, hairbrush 10 and feed shaft 12 are leaked in the granule resistance; Precision metering device is taken turns 4 external diameter unanimities, internal diameter is a step, precision metering device wheel 4 at one end has big grain seed distributing groove 17 along circumference, and the other end has grain feed outlet 16 among two row's granule feed outlets 15 and the row, two row's granule feed outlets have the axis hole of the band cross cotter slot that internal diameter matches with feed shaft 12 alternately 17 sections of big grain seed distributing grooves; In grain resistance leak axle 9 and be fixed on the seeding unit shell 1, the granule resistance leak axle 8 be sleeved in the grain resistance leak on the axle 9, axle 9 and granule resistance are leaked in middle grain resistance, and to leak axle 8 be circular arc; Seed pushing wheel axle 13 is positioned under feed shaft 12 centers; All push away kind of a tooth on granule seed pushing wheel 23 and the middle grain seed pushing wheel 22, push away kind of tooth and evenly distribute on seed pushing wheel, inscribe is engaged in granule feed outlet 15 corresponding on the precision metering device wheel 4 and the middle grain feed outlet 16.Granule seed pushing wheel 23 and middle grain seed pushing wheel 22 are engaged on the seed pushing wheel axle 13 and rotate flexibly; The amount of broadcasting is regulated plate 18 for tightly cutting the arc thin plate of precision metering device wheel 4, on dog screw 19 is arranged, from the circular arc slit of seeding unit shell 1 one sides, insert and contain in kind of the chamber; Hairbrush 10 is positioned at the top of seeding unit shell 1, is assemblied on the seeding unit shell 1 with screw 11, stops the granule feed outlet 15 of precision metering device wheel 4 and the seed beyond the middle grain feed outlet 16.

The internal diameter maximum of granule feed outlet 15 corresponding sections on the precision metering device wheel 4, the internal diameter that middle grain feed outlet is 16 sections takes second place.

In grain resistance leak axle 9 axial lengths and be slightly less than platform length sums in the granule feed outlet 15 of precision metering device wheel 4 and 16 corresponding sections of middle grain feed outlet, the granule resistance is leaked axle 8 axial lengths and is slightly less than platform length in the granule feed outlet 15 corresponding sections of precision metering device wheel 4; Middle grain resistance leakage axle 9 and granule hinder and leak axle 8 is circular arc, and arc length is about 2/3rds of a circumference.

Seed pushing wheel axle 13 is positioned under feed shaft 12 centers and with its distance takes turns 4 large diameters 3/8ths for precision metering device, and seed pushing wheel axle 13 length are slightly less than the granule feed outlet 15 and the interior platform length sum of middle grain feed outlet 16 corresponding sections of precision metering device wheel 4.

Push away the degree of depth that kind of tooth height is equal to or slightly less than corresponding granule feed outlet 15 and middle grain feed outlet 16 on the precision metering device wheel 4 on granule seed pushing wheel 23 and the middle grain seed pushing wheel 22, push away the aperture of kind of tooth base diameter less than corresponding granule feed outlet 15 on the precision metering device wheel 4 and middle grain feed outlet 16, the number that pushes away kind of tooth equals 1/4th of corresponding granule feed outlet 15 and middle grain feed outlet 16 quantity on the precision metering device wheel 4.

Half mouthful of technical scheme of containing kind of precision seeder is: change the through hole of the granule feed outlet 15 on the precision metering device wheel 4 of strong push precision seeder, middle grain feed outlet 16 into blind hole, half mouthful of feed outlet 25 aperture size of containing on kind of the precision metering device wheel 24 is about 2 times of sowing crop seed 26 particle diameters, hole depth is slightly larger than seed 26 particle diameters, saves that axle 8 is leaked in granule resistance in the strong push precision seeder, axle 9, granule seed pushing wheel 23, middle grain seed pushing wheel 22 and seed pushing wheel axle 13 are leaked in middle grain resistance.Its operation principle is: in seeding unit is contained kind of chamber, the adjusting amount of broadcasting is regulated plate 18 to eat dishes without rice or wine position about half of work feed outlet 25, seed 26 is in containing the space that can only enter between kind of alveolus about half that feed outlet 25 reserves, containing kind of a precision metering device wheel 24 for half mouthful rotates up, when forwarding top to, hairbrush 10 stops the seed outside the hole, the seed of containing in the feed outlet 25 26 is taken out of Sheng kind of a chamber, also break away from the restriction that the amount of broadcasting is regulated plate 18, seed 26 is free movable at whole feed outlet 25 mesochites, because the volume of feed outlet 25 is about 4 times of seed 26 volumes, seed can not be subjected to the extruding of feed outlet 25 walls, clogging can not occur, when feed outlet 25 is rotated to the aperture when downward-sloping, seed 26 meeting free-fallings, thus realize precision metering device.

Specifically mainly by seeding unit shell 1, plant that groove 7, half mouthful are contained kind of a precision metering device wheel 24, the amount of broadcasting is regulated plate 18, hairbrush 10 and feed shaft 12 and constituted clearly; Hairbrush 10 is positioned at the top of seeding unit shell 1, is assemblied on the seeding unit shell 1 with screw 11; Be equipped with in the left side of seeding unit shell 1 and plant groove 7 clearly, plant fluted shaft 5 clearly and cooperate and be assemblied in the corresponding aperture of seeding unit shell 1, can make and plant groove 7 clearly around the closed and unlatching 5 about of clear kind of fluted shaft.

Be equipped with in the left side of seeding unit shell 1 and plant groove 7 clearly, clear kind fluted shaft 5 cooperations are assemblied in the corresponding aperture of seeding unit shell 1, can make and plant groove 7 clearly around the closed and unlatching about in the of 5 of clear kind of fluted shaft, after clear kind groove 7 closures, inserting split pin 14 blocks and plants groove 7 clearly it can not be opened, can contain kind of a sowing, extract split pin 14 and open the clear groove 7 of planting, can make and contain that seed slips out automatically in kind of the chamber.

Increase grooved pulley type constant feed mechanism in precision metering device of the present invention mechanism left side and realize precise sowing and constant sowing.

The present invention compares with background technology, and the one, the strong push precision seeder changes former cause seed pushing wheel drive seed wheel and is that seed wheel drives seed pushing wheel, has reduced the resistance of eccentric gearing, and resistance leakage axle no longer supports precision metering device and takes turns, and rotates flexibly the prolongation of seed wheel life-span; The 2nd, become seed wheel and the seed pushing wheel rotating ratio is 1/4 by the rotating ratio 2/1 of original seed pushing wheel and seed wheel; The 3rd, push away kind of tooth curved surface by original $\left\{\begin{array}{c}x=R\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}-(R-r)\sin \mathrm{\&theta;}\\ y=R\cos \frac{\mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}-(R-r)\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}\end{array}\right.$ Become $\left\{\begin{array}{c}x=-R\sin \frac{\mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}+(r^{\&prime;}-r)\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="sin"\; filenames="C20071001766500131.png,C20071001766500142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">sin</figure-callout>}2\mathrm{\&theta;}\\ y=R\cos \frac{\mathrm{\&theta;}}{2}-(r^{\&prime;}-r)\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="cos"\; filenames="C20071001766500131.png,C20071001766500142.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">cos</figure-callout>}2\mathrm{\&theta;}\end{array}\right.;$ Four is that half mouthful of Sheng kind of precision seeder solved the seeding blockage problem from the source, and seed wheel size and feed outlet processing limited amount system are few, and the production and processing required precision can reduce; The 5th, do not need assembled in advance feed shaft when seeding unit is produced, compact conformation, cost reduces, and is convenient to assembling; The 6th, change the rubber seeds scraper into hairbrush, and become top by the seed wheel upper lateral part, seed breakage rate and sowing hole rate reduce; The 7th, increase to slip kind of plate and the clear groove of planting, make and contain that seed is easy to clean out fast in kind of the chamber, can be used for the small size test and sow; The 8th, single with pilot hole under the precision seeder increase, it is supporting to be convenient to the design of different types of machines sower.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of strong push list with precision seeder

Fig. 2 is a strong push list precision seeder left view

Fig. 3 is a strong push list precision seeder vertical view

Fig. 4 is half mouthful and contains kind of single precision seeder front view of using

Fig. 5 is that half mouthful of Sheng kind of list is overlooked the operation principle schematic diagram with precision seeder

Accompanying drawing 1-5 has provided the specific embodiment of the invention.

Specifically, the strong push list with the design of type precision seeder is: 24 of last pilot holes are arranged on the seeding unit shell 1,34 of following pilot holes, the clear fluted shaft 5 of planting is contained in the hole of seeding unit shell 1 correspondence, make and plant groove 7 clearly and opens upwards closed back split pin 14 pinnings in seeding unit shell 1 left side along the clear fluted shaft 5 of planting up and down.The slide kind plate 6 that tilts to left down of tightly cutting precision metering device wheel 4 is arranged in the seeding unit box, extract split pin 14, pull open downwards and plant groove 7 clearly, seeding unit can be contained the quick cleaning of the seed of planting in the chamber thoroughly.Middle grain resistance is leaked axle 9 and is fixed in the seeding unit shell 1, granule resistance leakage axle 8 is sleeved on the middle grain resistance leakage axle 9, grain resistance leakage axle 9 and granule resistance were leaked on the axle 8 during precision metering device wheel 4 was assemblied in, on the precision metering device wheel 4 15 liang of rows of granule feed outlet are arranged, middle grain feed outlet 16 1 rows and a big seed distributing groove 17 1 rows, it is step that precision metering device is taken turns 4 internal diameters.Seed pushing wheel axle 13 is arranged in seeding unit shell 1, and middle grain seed pushing wheel 22 and granule seed pushing wheel 23 are assemblied on the seed pushing wheel axle 13 and can rotate flexibly.In all push away kind of a tooth on grain seed wheel 22 and the granule seed wheel 23, middle grain seed pushing wheel 22 and granule seed pushing wheel 23 be bottom and its inscribe in precision metering device wheel 4, the precision metering device that the seed pushing wheel tooth engages into correspondence is taken turns in 4 granule feed outlets 15 and middle the feed outlet 16.The groove of the big grain seed distributing groove 17 on the precision metering device wheel 4 is a circular arc.Precision metering device is taken turns the cross cotter slot in 4 axis holes, the pin pin on the feed shaft 12 is gone into, and the rotation torsion of feed shaft 12 is passed to precision metering device wheel 4.Contain kind of chamber one side at seeding unit, have the amount of broadcasting of tightly cutting precision metering device wheel 4 to regulate plate 18, dog screw 19 is arranged on the plate 18, plate 18 can inject and extract out from seeding unit box one side, is used for regulating the sowing crop species and the amount of broadcasting.When regulating plate 18, earlier to going out turn dog screw 19, twitch plate 18 behind adjusting position, precession dog screw 19 makes its roof pressure pressure-bearing post 20.Hairbrush 10 is arranged at precision metering device wheel top, is assemblied on the seeding unit shell 1 with screw 11.

Its operation principle is: regulate the amount of broadcasting and regulate plate 18 to sowing the crop amount of broadcasting position, seeding unit is contained in kind of the chamber and is filled seed, the sower land wheel drives feed shaft 12 and moves in the direction of the clock, precision metering device wheel 4 is also moved in the direction of the clock, the seed of containing in kind of the chamber is entered in feed outlet 15 or 16 by the effect of gravity, this moment, the internal orifice of granule feed outlet 15 and middle grain feed outlet 16 was leaked 9 shutoff by granule resistance leakage axle 8 and middle grain resistance, seed in the hole can not fallen in the precision metering device wheel 4, when feed outlet 15,16 when turning to top, feed outlet 15, seed beyond 16 is stopped by hairbrush 10, stay and contain in kind of the chamber, and at feed outlet 15, seed in 16 is rotated further, when turning to the aperture, right side when downward-sloping, feed outlet 15, seed in 16 progressively drops downwards, can not be from feed outlet 15,16 seeds that fall automatically are when it turns to the bottom, from the interior feed outlet 15 that engages into, 16 seed pushing wheel 23, kind of the tooth that pushes away on 22 is released it, solve the eyelet blocking problem, realize precise sowing.

To large seed sowing, will the amount of broadcasting regulate plate 18 and pull out and get final product, do not push away kind of a mechanism.

Containing kind of a single design with precision seeder for half mouthful is: the feed outlet 25 on the precision metering device wheel 24 is made blind hole, aperture and hole depth are about 2 times of corresponding sowing crop seed 26 particle diameters and are slightly larger than particle diameter, contain for half mouthful and no longer include mechanisms such as resistance leakage axle, seed pushing wheel and seed pushing wheel axle in kind of the precision metering device wheel 24, other is with strong push precision metering device mechanism.

Many designs with precision seeder are: use on the basis of precision seeder single, increase the size of seeding unit shell 1, the parallel general seeding unit of NJ210-80 outer groove-wheel feed mechanism that installs additional in the left side of precision metering device mechanism, structure are that as well known to those skilled in the art deducting planted groove 7 clearly and got final product.

The present invention is assemblied under the sower seed-box, during work, earlier will the amount of broadcasting regulates plate 18 and adjust to and want to sow the crop amount of broadcasting position, precession dog screw 19, make its roof pressure pressure-bearing post 20, the assurance amount of broadcasting is regulated plate 18 and tightly cut precision metering device wheel 4 in being contained kind of chamber, can not move left and right.As sow rape, used is the strong push precision seeder, should reserve a row or the little feed outlet 15 of two rows on demand, if half mouthful is contained kind of a precision seeder, the amount of broadcasting should be regulated plate 18 be transferred to and seal half position, little feed outlet aperture, when the amount of broadcasting requires to increase, with two amounts of broadcasting regulate plates 18 from the circular arc slit of two sides seeding unit shell, inject respectively contain in kind of the chamber and respectively envelope be inserted into two row half position, float kind aperture, in seed-box, add seed then, land wheel drives feed shaft 12 and rotates along clockwise direction, and precision metering device wheel 4 is also moved in the direction of the clock, seed in Sheng kind of the chamber is because gravitate, automatically enter not with in the amount of the broadcasting adjusting plate 18 slotting granule feed outlets that block up 15 or in the half-open granule feed outlet 25, granule feed outlet 15 internal orifices are leaked axle 8 shutoff by the granule resistance, precision metering device wheel 4,24 rotate, make the granule feed outlet 15 on it, 25 upwards rotate in containing kind of chamber, when granule feed outlet 15,25 when turning to top hairbrush 10 positions, at granule feed outlet 15,25 outer seeds are stopped by hairbrush 10, and at granule feed outlet 15, seed in 25 is rotated further, when granule feed outlet 15,25 turn to the aperture, right side when downward-sloping, granule feed outlet 15, the downward landing of seed gravitate in 25, have in the granule feed outlet 15 of strong push precision seeder and compressed the seed of failing to fall automatically, when it turns to the bottom, from interior granule seed pushing wheel 23 teeth that engage in the granule feed outlet 15 it is released by force, overcome feed outlet and stop up the disconnected ridge problem of being short of seedling that causes.Half mouthful of seed 26 of containing in kind of the precision seeder feed outlet 25 because volume only reaches about 1/4th of feed outlet 25 volumes, do not have the extruding obstruction and takes place, and realizes precise sowing.

After sowing finished, seed packet on the side joint of seeding unit lower-left was taken out split pin 14, pulled down the clear groove 7 of planting, and the residue seed can slip out smoothly in Sheng kind of the chamber.

Claims (10)

1. a center transmission strong push precision seeder is characterized in that mainly comprising that spool (9) are leaked in seeding unit shell (1), precision metering device wheel (4), middle grain resistance, axle (8), granule seed pushing wheel (23), middle grain seed pushing wheel (22), seed pushing wheel axle (13), the amount of broadcasting adjusting plate (18), pressure-bearing post (20), hairbrush (10) and feed shaft (12) are leaked in the granule resistance; Precision metering device wheel (4) external diameter unanimity, internal diameter is a step, precision metering device wheel (4) at one end has big grain seed distributing groove (17) along circumference, and the other end has grain feed outlet (16) among two row's granule feed outlets (15) and the row, two row's granule feed outlets have the axis hole of the band cross cotter slot that internal diameter matches with feed shaft (12) alternately in big grain seed distributing groove (17) section; In grain resistance leak axle (9) and be fixed on the seeding unit shell (1), the granule resistance leak axle (8) be sleeved in the grain resistance leak on the axle (9), axle (9) and granule resistance are leaked in middle grain resistance, and to leak spool (8) be circular arc; Seed pushing wheel axle (13) is positioned under feed shaft (12) center; All push away kind of a tooth on granule seed pushing wheel (23) and the middle grain seed pushing wheel (22), push away kind of tooth and evenly distribute on seed pushing wheel, inscribe is engaged in precision metering device wheel (4) and goes up in corresponding granule feed outlet (15) and the middle grain feed outlet (16); Granule seed pushing wheel (23) and middle grain seed pushing wheel (22) are engaged in seed pushing wheel axle (13) and go up rotation flexibly; The amount of broadcasting is regulated plate (18) for tightly cutting the arc thin plate of precision metering device wheel (4), on dog screw (19) is arranged, from the circular arc slit of seeding unit shell (1) one side, insert and contain in kind of the chamber; Hairbrush (10) is positioned at the top of seeding unit shell (1), is assemblied on the seeding unit shell (1) with screw (11), stops the granule feed outlet (15) and middle grain feed outlet (16) seed in addition of precision metering device wheel (4).

2. center transmission strong push precision seeder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: precision metering device wheel (4) is gone up the internal diameter maximum of the corresponding section of granule feed outlet (15), and the internal diameter of middle grain feed outlet (16) section takes second place.

3. center transmission strong push precision seeder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: middle grain hinders leakage axle (9) axial length and is slightly less than a granule feed outlet (15) and middle grain feed outlet (16) the interior platform length sum of correspondence section that precision metering device is taken turns (4), and granule resistance leakage (8) axial length is slightly less than the interior platform length of granule feed outlet (15) correspondence section of precision metering device wheel (4); Middle grain resistance leakage axle (9) and granule hinder and leak axle (8) is circular arc, and arc length is about 2/3rds of a circumference.

4. center transmission strong push precision seeder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: seed pushing wheel axle (13) is positioned under feed shaft (12) center and is precision metering device wheel (4) large diameter 3/8ths with its distance, long granule feed outlet (15) and the corresponding section interior platform length sum of middle grain feed outlet (16) that is slightly less than precision metering device wheel (4) of seed pushing wheel axle (13).

5. center transmission strong push precision seeder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: push away kind of tooth height on granule seed pushing wheel (23) and the middle grain seed pushing wheel (22) and be equal to or slightly less than the degree of depth that precision metering device wheel (4) is gone up corresponding granule feed outlet (15) and middle grain feed outlet (16), push away the aperture that kind of tooth base diameter is gone up corresponding granule feed outlet (15) and middle grain feed outlet (16) less than precision metering device wheel (4), the number that pushes away kind of tooth equals precision metering device wheel (4) and goes up 1/4th of corresponding granule feed outlet (15) and middle grain feed outlet (16) quantity.

6. center transmission strong push precision seeder according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be equipped with in the left side of seeding unit shell (1) and plant groove (7) clearly, clear kind fluted shaft (5) cooperation is assemblied in the corresponding aperture of seeding unit shell (1), can make and plant groove (7) closed up and down and unlatching clearly around clear kind of fluted shaft (5), after clear kind groove (7) closure, inserting split pin (14) blocks and plants groove (7) clearly it can not be opened, can contain kind of a sowing, extract split pin (14) and open the clear groove (7) of planting, can make and contain that seed slips out automatically in kind of the chamber.

7. contain kind of precision seeders for one and half mouthfuls, mainly by seeding unit shell (1), plant that groove (7), half mouthful are contained kind of a precision metering device wheel (24), the amount of broadcasting is regulated plate (18), hairbrush (10) and feed shaft (12) formation clearly; Hairbrush (10) is positioned at the top of seeding unit shell (1), is assemblied on the seeding unit shell (1) with screw (11); Be equipped with in the left side of seeding unit shell (1) and plant groove (7) clearly, plant fluted shaft (5) clearly and cooperate and be assemblied in the corresponding aperture of seeding unit shell (1), can make that to plant groove (7) clearly closed up and down and open around clear kind of fluted shaft (5).

8. contain kind of a precision seeder for half mouthful according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: contain kind of precision metering device wheel (a 24) external diameter unanimity for half mouthful, along circumference segmentation thereon a few row's seeding blind holes (25) are arranged, aperture and hole depth are by about 2 times of seed (26) particle diameter and be slightly larger than 1 times of making, the aperture of same row's feed outlet (25), hole depth unanimity, the aperture of different rows' feed outlet (25) is identical with hole depth or different, and the internal diameter of half mouthful of Sheng kind of precision metering device wheel (24) and feed shaft (12) match to merge and have the cross cotter slot.

9. contain kind of a precision seeder for half mouthful according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the amount of broadcasting is regulated plate (18) and is contained kind of the garden arc thin plate of precision metering device wheel (24) for tightly cutting half mouthful, on dog screw (19) is arranged, from the circular arc slit of the one or both sides of seeding unit shell (1), insert and contain in kind of the chamber, insert envelope work feed outlet (25) aperture about half.

According to claim 1,2,3,4,5 each described center transmission strong push precision seeders or according to claim 7,8,9 each described half mouthful contain kind of precision seeders, it is characterized in that: increase grooved pulley type constant feed mechanism in precision metering device mechanism left side and realize precise sowing and constant sowing.

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