CN100417592C - 沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN100417592C
CN100417592C CNB2004100961838A CN200410096183A CN100417592C CN 100417592 C CN100417592 C CN 100417592C CN B2004100961838 A CNB2004100961838 A CN B2004100961838A CN 200410096183 A CN200410096183 A CN 200410096183A CN 100417592 C CN100417592 C CN 100417592C
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zeolite
cadmium sulfide
composite material
temperature
nano composite
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CN1631781A (zh
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翟庆洲
于辉
李景梅
蔡建岩
张晓霞
胡伟华
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Changchun University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料及其制备方法分别属于无机功能材料和精细化工制造技术领域。沸石是一种具有纳米数量级尺寸孔结构的材料,而硫化镉又是一种具有特殊发光性能的材料。以沸石为主体,以硫化镉为客体,制备一种纳米复合材料以及这一制备方法是本发明的内容。该材料就是在沸石的纳米孔道中,引入一定重量比例的硫化镉所生成的纳米复合材料。该方法是在现有离子交换法和水热法的基础上实现的,即向Cd2+的乙醇溶液中加入沸石,搅拌,过滤,洗涤,在90~110℃温度下干燥,加入硫代乙酰胺,将此混合液密封于高压容器内,在150~200℃温度下加热,冷却后过滤,洗涤,在50~70℃温度下干燥,从而制得沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料。本发明之产品可以用做发光材料,本发明之方法可以用来制备各种沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料。

Description

沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及到的是一种纳米材料及其制备方法,分别属于无机功能材料及精细化工制造技术领域。
背景技术
沸石是一类多孔材料,由一系列规则的孔道和笼构成它的孔结构。这种结构特点使其具有特殊性质,从而被应用在催化、离子交换、过滤以及材料组装等领域。由于它的孔结构的尺度在纳米数量级范围内,因此,它的孔道可以作为纳米模板,可以在其中构建有序纳米结构。而硫化镉具有半导体性质,是一种荧光材料,被广泛应用于发光材料领域。
发明内容
为了在沸石的纳米模板上构建有序纳米结构,将硫化镉组装其上,制备出一种以沸石为主体、以硫化镉为客体的沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料,我们发明了本发明之沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料及其制备方法。
本发明是这样实现的,关于沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料,以沸石为主体,在其纳米孔道中引入硫化镉这一客体材料,硫化镉占纳米复合材料重量的1.0~2.5%,生成沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料。关于沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料的制备方法,向Cd2+的乙醇溶液中加入沸石,搅拌,过滤,洗涤,在90~110℃温度下干燥,加入硫代乙酰胺,将此混合液密封于高压容器内,在150~200℃温度下加热,冷却后过滤,洗涤,在50~70℃温度下干燥,制得沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料。
根据本发明之制备方法,实现了在沸石纳米模板上构建纳米结构,制备出沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料的目的。见图1所示,曲线a为沸石的XRD衍射谱图,对应衍射角(2θ)为6.31°、10.31°和12.10°处,衍射强度各有一个峰值,分别出自沸石的111、220和311三个晶格方向。图中的曲线b为所制备的纳米材料粉末样品的XRD衍射谱图,从中可以看出,在与a的对应处依然有三个衍射峰值,不过其强度要小一些,这说明样品仍具有沸石的晶格结构,孔结构依然存在,只是结晶度有所下降而已,这证明了硫化镉的掺入,组装到了沸石中,形成了主体——客体型复合材料。通过原子吸收光谱法测定,样品中硫化镉的含量(重量)为1.9%。由样品的红外振动光谱可以进一步看出纳米复合材料的生成,见图2所示,曲线a为沸石的红外振动光谱,在1020cm-1、713cm-1处各有一个峰值。而曲线b为所制备的纳米材料粉末样品的红外振动光谱,特征峰从713cm-1移至805cm-1,是Cd2+引入的结果,特征峰从1020cm-1移至1080cm-1说明S进入沸石中,形成S-O-Cd键。再从固体扩散漫反射吸收光谱来看,见图3所示,曲线a是沸石在400~800nm波长范围内的吸收率,曲线c是硫化镉在该波长范围内的吸收率,而曲线b为所制备的纳米材料粉末样品在该波长范围内的吸收率,由此可以看出它对紫外、可见光的吸收情况与硫化镉的情况基本一致,所以,可以作为一种发光材料使用。另外,硫化镉的最大吸收在515nm,而所制备的纳米材料粉末样品的最大吸收在495nm,发生了蓝移,这也证明了硫化镉进入了沸石孔结构中,因为,这种蓝移是由于沸石孔结构的限域作用,使作为客体的硫化镉能带增高所至。进一步说明所制备的纳米材料粉末样品的发光性能,见图4所示,在室温下检测到的样品激发光谱由图中左侧曲线表示,发射光谱由图中右侧曲线表示,组装了硫化镉的复合材料有荧光放出,其激发光谱主峰位于436nm处,其发射光谱主峰位于579nm处。由于形成Si-O-Cd缺陷键,使能带间隙产生额外缺陷能级,保证其具有发光特性。
附图说明
图1是沸石和所制备的纳米材料粉末样品XRD衍射谱图。图2是沸石和所制备的纳米材料粉末样品红外振动光谱图。图3是沸石和所制备的纳米材料粉末样品以及硫化镉的固体扩散漫反射吸收光谱图。图4是所制备的纳米材料粉末样品激发光谱和发射光谱图。
具体实施方式
选用Y沸石,其SiO2∶Al2O3为4.8。向Cd2+的乙醇溶液(C=0.1mol/L)中加入1.0000gY沸石,搅拌4h,过滤,洗涤,置于100℃温度下干燥4h,这一过程通过离子交换在Y沸石中引入了阳离子Cd2+。然后,以水热法引入阴离子S2-,采用硫代乙酰胺(C2H5NS)取代现有水热法中有毒性的H2S做硫源,加入0.4076g硫代乙酰胺,Cd∶S=1∶1(摩尔比),将此混合液密封于高压釜中,在170℃温度下加热24h,冷却后过滤,洗涤,在60℃温度下干燥12h,制得沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料,记为Y-CdS,其中Y沸石为主体,硫化镉为客体。
为消除Y沸石分子筛孔道表面所存在的羟基,避免引入的客体在该表面沉积,使引入的客体尽可能处于孔道内,需要对沸石改性。在室温条件下,将Y沸石放入无水乙醇中浸泡2h,然后,放入甲基三甲氧基硅烷乙醇溶液,乙醇∶甲基三甲氧基硅烷=1∶1(体积比),浸泡6h,将固相物用乙醇洗涤4次,室温干燥,甲氧基枝接到Y沸石孔道表面,取得改性Y沸石,记为Y(m)。之后,用改性Y沸石按上述方法制备沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料,记为Y(m)-CdS。虽然Y(m)沸石结晶度下降,但是,介孔骨架仍然存在。引入的客体CdS仍可达1.3%。

Claims (4)

1. 一种沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料,由具有纳米孔道的主体材料与客体材料构成,客体材料进入主体材料的纳米孔道中,其特征在于,以沸石为主体,在其纳米孔道中引入硫化镉这一客体材料,硫化镉占纳米复合材料重量的1.0~2.5%。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料,其特征在于,主体材料是一种因用甲基三甲氧基硅烷消除纳米孔道表面羟基而改性的沸石。
3. 一种如权利要求1所述的沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料的制备方法,由离子交换法和水热法组成,其特征在于,向Cd2+的乙醇溶液中加入沸石,搅拌,过滤,洗涤,在90~110℃温度下干燥,加入硫代乙酰胺,将此混合液密封于高压容器内,在150~200℃温度下加热,冷却后过滤,洗涤,在50~70℃温度下干燥,制得沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料。
4. 根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,硫代乙酰胺的加入量,与Cd∶S的摩尔比=1∶1相适应。
CNB2004100961838A 2004-12-01 2004-12-01 沸石与硫化镉纳米复合材料及其制备方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100417592C (zh)

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JPH03164721A (ja) * 1989-11-24 1991-07-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 非線形光学材料およびその製造方法
JPH06254139A (ja) * 1993-03-02 1994-09-13 Shinshu Ceramics:Kk 光半導体を用いた殺菌吸着機能体
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