CN100416366C

CN100416366C - Transmissive and reflective type liquid crystal display

Info

Publication number: CN100416366C
Application number: CNB028193016A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张龙圭; 金炯杰; 尹钟秀; 李东浩
Original assignee: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Samsung Display Co Ltd
Priority date: 2001-12-18
Filing date: 2002-12-10
Publication date: 2008-09-03
Anticipated expiration: 2022-12-10
Also published as: AU2002366480A1; JP2005513535A; WO2003052724A3; WO2003052724A2; JP4546730B2; CN1561457A

Abstract

Disclosed is a transmissive and reflective type LCD. In the LCD, a second substrate faces a first substrate. Liquid crystal layer is formed between the first and second substrate. A first polarizing plate is formed on outer surface of the first substrate. A second polarizing plate is formed on outer surface of the second substrate. A backlight is arranged at a rear side of the first polarizing plate. A transparent transflective film is arranged between the first polarizing plate and the backlight and has a plurality of layers where a first and a second layer each having different refractivity indexes are alternatively stacked. The transparent transflective film partially reflects and transmits incident light. By a restoring process occurring between the transflective film and the backlight, a predetermined amount of the incident light is transmitted through the transflective film repeatedly, so that transmissivity and light efficiency are enhanced.

Description

Transflective liquid crystal display

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of LCD, and relate in particular to a kind of transflective liquid crystal display, wherein carry out display operation, and carry out display operation with the transmission mode of high brightness in the dark place of deficiency in light quantity at the bright reflective-mode of sentencing low-power consumption of light quantity abundance.

Background technology

In today of information-oriented, electronic console is just being played the part of more importantly role.Be extensive use of various types of electronic consoles at various industrial circles.

Usually, electronic console is the device that a kind of behaviour provides various visual informations.In other words, the electrical information signal from various electronic installation outputs is transformed into the discernible optical information signal of vision electronic console.Therefore, electronic console is serving as the bridge that links people and electronic installation.

Electronic console is divided on type by the emissive display of radiative mode display optical information signal and the non-emissive display by display optical information signals such as optical modulations such as light reflection, chromatic dispersion and interference.As the emissive display that is known as active display, CRT (cathode-ray tube (CRT)), PDP (plasma display panel), LED (light emitting diode) and ELD (electroluminescent display) etc. are for example arranged.As the non-emissive display that is known as passive matrix displays, LCD (LCD), BCD (galvanochemistry display) and EPID (electrophoretic image display) etc. are for example arranged.

The CRT that is used in image display such as television receiver and the monitor etc. has the highest market share aspect display quality and the economic benefit, but a lot of deficiencies are also arranged, as very big weight, large volume and high power consumption.

Simultaneously, because the developing rapidly of semiconductor technology, all kinds of electronic devices is driven by low pressure and low-power consumption, and thereby electronic equipment become very light very thin.Therefore, under new environment, require a kind ofly have frivolous characteristic and than the flat-type display of low driving voltage and lower power consumption characteristic.

LCD is thinner and light than other display in all kinds of flat displays of exploitation, and has lower driving voltage and lower power consumption, also has the display quality that is similar to CRT.Therefore, LCD is widely used in the various electronic equipments.

The type of LCD is divided into the transmission type LCD that utilizes external light source such as backlight assembly display image, utilize the reflective LCD of natural light display image and outside not existing the indoor or dark place of light source utilize the inner light source that is arranged in the display self to show, and wait out of doors in the high-brightness environment by the extraneous incident light of reflection with the reflective-mode display image with transmission mode.

In addition, LCD utilizes the Control of Voltage that is applied to liquid crystal layer to arrange liquid crystal molecule, and can be categorized as passive matrix formula and active matric according to type of drive.In the passive matrix formula, utilize the root mean square (rms) that is applied to the pressure reduction of signal wire and sweep trace when carrying out the row addressing to drive pixel, in the wherein capable addressing all pixels are applied signal voltage simultaneously.In active matric, by on-off element such as MIN (metal-insulator-metal type) device or thin film transistor (TFT) driving pixel.

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the transflective LCD of routine, and expression utilizes the active matric LCD of thin film transistor (TFT).

Referring to Fig. 1, second substrate 40 that conventional transflective LCD comprises first substrate 10, distribute in the face of first substrate 10, be formed on the liquid crystal layer 50 between first substrate 10 and second substrate 40 and be arranged on the rear side of first substrate 10 light source, be backlight assembly.

First substrate 10 comprises first dielectric base 11, be formed on thin film transistor (TFT) 25 on first dielectric base 11, passivating film 30, transparency electrode 34 and a reflecting electrode 36 that is used for the contact hole 32 of expose portion thin film transistor (TFT) 25 is arranged on it.Thin film transistor (TFT) 25 comprises gate electrode 12, gate insulating film 14, active patterns 16 and Ohmic contact pattern 18, source electrode 20 and drain electrode 22.Transparency electrode 34 plays a part pixel electrode, and the light that transmission backlight assembly 60 produces also incides first substrate 10 again.Transparency electrode 34 is attached to the thin film transistor (TFT) 25 that is formed on each unit pixel district in first substrate 10.Reflecting electrode 36 reflections also play a part pixel electrode simultaneously through the light of second substrate, 40 incidents.In other words, having the zone of transparency electrode 34 is that transmission part (T), transmission part (T) part in addition are the reflecting parts (R) that is used to reflect through the exterior light of second substrate, 40 incidents.

The colored filter that is used for display color and transmitted light 44 that second substrate 40 comprises second dielectric base 42, be made up of rgb pixel, be used to the black matrix" 46 and the transparent common electrode 48 that prevent that light from leaking between pixel.

Liquid crystal layer 50 is by the nematic liquid crystal of 90 ° of distortions, and has approximate 0.24 Δ nd, and Δ nd is that the anisotropy Δ n of refractive index amasss with thickness of liquid crystal layer d is.

In addition, according to the orientation of liquid crystal molecule, first polaroid 54 and second polaroid 58 are attached to the outside surface of first and

second substrates

10 and 40 respectively, thereby only transmission is at the light of prescribed direction vibration.First and

second polaroids

54 and 58 are linear polarizer entirely, and wherein first and second polaroids 54 are vertical mutually with each polarization axle of 58.

Arranging the one 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 52 and the 2 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 56 respectively between first substrate 10 and first polaroid 54 and between second substrate 40 and second polaroid 58.1/4 wavelength

phase difference film

52 and 56 each all play a part linearly polarized light is transformed into circularly polarized light, perhaps vice versa, mutually vertical and be parallel to the phase differential that produces 1/4 wavelength between the polarized component of optical axis of 1/4 wavelength

phase difference film

52 and 56 at two.

The principle of work of reflective-mode and transmission mode among the conventional transflective LCD shown in Figure 1 is below described respectively.

Fig. 2 A and 2B represent the principle of work sketch of conventional LCD in the reflective-mode.

At first, when not applying pixel voltage (OFF), shown in Fig. 2 A, light transmission second polaroid 58 from extraneous incident makes light at the directional ray polarization that is parallel to second polaroid, 58 polarization axles.Linearly polarized light sees through the 2 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 56, makes linearly polarized light be transformed into left circularly polarized light.Left-hand circular polarization light transmission liquid crystal layer 50 makes left circularly polarized light linear polarization on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 58 polarization axles incorporate into and is mapped to reflecting electrode 36.The linearly polarized light that the electrode 36 that is reflected reflects sees through liquid crystal layer 50, makes linearly polarized light be transformed into left circularly polarized light.Left-hand circular polarization light transmission the 2 1/4 wavelength phase difference film makes the directional ray polarization of left circularly polarized light at the polarization axle that is parallel to second polaroid 58.And this linearly polarized light sees through second polaroid 58 afterwards, makes to show a white image.

When applying maximum pixel voltage (ON), shown in Fig. 2 B,, make its linear polarization on the direction of the polarization axle that is parallel to second polaroid 58 from light transmission second polaroid 58 of outside incident.Linearly polarized light sees through the 2 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 56, is transformed into left circularly polarized light.Left circularly polarized light does not see through liquid crystal layer 50 with not changing polarization state and reenters and is mapped to reflecting electrode 36.Incide electrode 36 reflections that are reflected of light on the reflecting electrode 36, make it be transformed into right-circularly polarized light, and the right-hand circular polarization light transmission liquid crystal layer 50 that changes.Therefore, by dextropolarization light transmission the 2 1/4 wavelength phase difference film of liquid crystal layer 50, make its linear polarization on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 58 polarization axles.Linearly polarized light is blocked by second polaroid 58, makes to show a black image.

Fig. 3 A and 3B are the principle of work sketches of transmission mode.

When not applying pixel voltage (OFF), as shown in Figure 3A, the light of the backlight assembly incident below being arranged on first polaroid 54 incides first polaroid 54, and light transmission first polaroid 54 that only vibrates in the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 54 polarization axles.At this moment, because the polarization axle of first polaroid 54 is perpendicular to the polarization axle of second polaroid 58, so the light by first polaroid 54 is transformed into the light of linear polarization on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 58 polarization axles.This linearly polarized light is transformed into right-circularly polarized light by the one 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 52.This right-hand circular polarization light transmission transparency electrode 34, and reenter and be mapped to liquid crystal layer 50.Right-hand circular polarization light transmission liquid crystal layer makes linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to second polaroid, 58 polarization axles.Linearly polarized light sees through the 2 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 56, makes it be transformed into right-circularly polarized light.At this moment, because only the component that vibrates can see through second polaroid 58, has only 50% right-hand circular polarization light transmission second polaroid 58 on the polarization axis direction that is parallel to second polaroid 58.Therefore, produce 50% light loss, the feasible image that shows intermediate light.

Simultaneously, though not shown, in transmission mode, there is metal level, dissimilates as the light path of the location incident light of gate line, data line or reflecting electrode.In other words, from light transmission first polaroid 54 of backlight assembly incident, make its linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 54 polarization axles.Linearly polarized light sees through the one 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 52, makes its right-hand circular polarization.Right-circularly polarized light is by above-mentioned metal layer reflection, makes its Left-hand circular polarization.Then, Left-hand circular polarization light transmission the one 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 52 makes its linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 54 polarization axles.Therefore, linearly polarized light is absorbed in first polaroid 5, and does not turn back to backlight assembly.Therefore, do not reproduced by the light of metal layer reflection and disappear, make overall optical efficiency reduce.

When applying maximum pixel voltage (ON), shown in Fig. 3 B, incide first polaroid 54 from the light that is arranged on the backlight assembly radiation under first polaroid 54, make the light that only on the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 54 polarization axles, vibrates just see through first polaroid 54.The light that is caused polarization by first polaroid, 54 lines is transformed into right-circularly polarized light after seeing through the one 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 52.Right-hand circular polarization light transmission transparency electrode 34, and reenter and be mapped to liquid crystal layer 50.Right-circularly polarized light does not change polarization state ground and sees through liquid crystal layer 50, and after seeing through the 2 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 56, linear polarization on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 58 polarization axles.Afterwards, the light of linear polarization does not see through second polaroid 58 on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 58 polarization axles, makes to show a dark image.

As mentioned above, because conventional transflective LCD must dispose the broadband 1/4 wavelength phase difference film 52 that covers whole visible light frequency band and 56 and respectively with respect to first and

second polaroids

54 and 58 of first and

second substrates

10 and 40, increase so compare manufacturing cost with transmission type LCD.In addition, because the polarization characteristic in the transmission mode causes 50% light loss, so have the shortcoming of light transmission reduction by 50% and contrast (C/R) reduction.

In addition, because the Δ nd of liquid crystal layer 50 only is 0.24 μ m, be half of Δ nd (0.48 μ m) of conventional transmission type LCD, so the box gap of liquid crystal cell should be reduced to the level of 3 μ m, and the refractive index anisotropy Δ nd of liquid crystal also should reduce.Therefore, exist the problem that manufacture process becomes difficult and makes the reliability decrease of liquid crystal.

Summary of the invention

Therefore, the present invention is intended to solve the problems referred to above in the routine techniques, and its purpose is to provide a kind of transflective LCD that can simplify the structure of liquid crystal cell and reduce light loss in the transmission mode.

On the one hand, provide a kind of transflective LCD, it comprises: first substrate; Second substrate; Liquid crystal layer; First polaroid; Second polaroid; Backlight assembly; With transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film (transflective film).In transflective LCD, second substrate has one to be arranged to the inside surface right with first basal surface, and forms liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate.First polaroid is formed on the outside surface of first substrate.Second polaroid is formed on the outside surface of second substrate relative with the inside surface of second substrate, this outside surface.Backlight assembly is arranged on the rear side of first polaroid.Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film is set between first polaroid and backlight assembly, transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer with different refractivity are interlaced with each other stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

N1 wherein _x, n1 _y, n1 _zRepresent the principal refractive index of ground floor respectively, n2 at x axle, y axle and z axle _x, n2 _y, n2 _zRepresent the principal refractive index of the second layer respectively at x axle, y axle and z axle.

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective LCD, it comprises: LC box (Liquid Crystal cell), first polaroid, second polaroid, backlight assembly and transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film.The LC box comprises first substrate, has second substrate that is arranged to the right inside surface of first basal surface, and a liquid crystal layer that is formed between first substrate and second substrate.On the outside surface of first substrate, form first polaroid.On second substrate and inside surface opposed outer surface second substrate, form second polaroid.Backlight assembly is arranged in the rear side of first polaroid.Arrange transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and backlight assembly, this film has multilayer, and wherein the ground floor and the second layer that differ from one another of refractive index is alternately stacked.Transflective LCD has a reflected light path, and along this light path, first incident light incides the LC box from the front side of LC box, is reflected by the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film and through the output of the front side of LC box.Transflective LCD has a transmitted light path, and along this light path, second incident beam incides the LC from the rear side of LC box, through the projection reflectance coating and through the output of the front side of LC box.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective liquid crystal display, having comprised: one first substrate is formed with first transparency electrode on it; It is right that one second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to described first basal surface, has second transparency electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate; One liquid crystal layer is formed between described first substrate and described second substrate; One first polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described first substrate; One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface with relative described second substrate of inside surface of described second substrate; One backlight assembly is arranged in the rear side of described first polaroid; With a transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, be arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have the refractive index of differing from one another are alternately stacked, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions reflection and part transmission incident light.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective liquid crystal display, having comprised: one first substrate is formed with on-off element and the transparent pixels electrode that is attached to on-off element on it; It is relative with described first substrate that one second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to, and has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate; One liquid crystal layer is formed between described first substrate and described second substrate; One first polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described first substrate; One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described second substrate relative with the inside surface of described second substrate; One backlight assembly is arranged in the rear side of described first polaroid; With a transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, be arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have the refractive index of differing from one another are alternately stacked, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions reflection and part transmission incident light.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity, when the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective LCD, having comprised: first substrate, comprise the gate line that is formed on the dielectric base, isolated and with the data line of gate line cross-distribution be electrically connected to the pixel electrode of data line with gate line; Second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to have transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate in the face of first substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second relative on second outer surfaces of substrates polaroid with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent projection reflectance coating between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of transflective LCD is provided, it comprises: first substrate, it comprises i) thin film transistor (TFT), this thin film transistor (TFT) has the gate electrode on the dielectric base of being formed on, be formed on the gate electrode and dielectric base on gate insulator, be formed on the active patterns on the gate insulator that is arranged on the gate electrode, with be respectively formed at source electrode and the drain electrode on the active patterns and ii) be electrically connected to the source electrode and one of them pixel electrode of drain electrode; Inside surface is arranged to second substrate right with first basal surface, has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second polaroid on second outer surfaces of substrates relative with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of transflective LCD is provided, it comprises: first substrate, it comprises i) thin film transistor (TFT), this thin film transistor (TFT) has the active patterns on the dielectric base of being formed on, be formed on the active patterns and dielectric base on gate insulator, be formed on the gate electrode on the gate insulator that is arranged on the active patterns, be formed on the intermediate insulating layer on gate electrode and the gate insulator and be respectively formed at source electrode and the drain electrode on the intermediate insulating layer and ii) be electrically connected to the source electrode and one of them pixel electrode of drain electrode; Inside surface is arranged to second substrate right with first basal surface, has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second polaroid on second outer surfaces of substrates relative with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of transflective LCD is provided, it comprises: first substrate, comprise i on it) be formed on the array of display cells circuit on the dielectric base, many data lines and many gate lines intersected with each other on the array of display cells circuit that distribute with matrix form, ii) gate driver circuit, the first that is adjacent to the array of display cells circuit forms, and is used for the driving grid line; Inside surface is arranged to second substrate right with first basal surface, has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second polaroid on second outer surfaces of substrates relative with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective LCD, it comprises: first substrate; Second substrate; Liquid crystal layer; First polaroid; Second polaroid; Backlight assembly; With transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film (transflective film).In transflective LCD, second substrate has one to be arranged to the inside surface right with first basal surface, and forms liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate.First polaroid is formed on the outside surface of first substrate.Second polaroid is formed on the outside surface of second substrate relative with the inside surface of second substrate, this outside surface.Backlight assembly is arranged on the rear side of first polaroid.Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film is set between first polaroid and backlight assembly, transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer with different refractivity are interlaced with each other stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective LCD, it comprises: LC box (Liquid Crystal cell), first polaroid, second polaroid, backlight assembly and transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film.The LC box comprises first substrate, has second substrate that is arranged to the right inside surface of first basal surface, and a liquid crystal layer that is formed between first substrate and second substrate.On the outside surface of first substrate, form first polaroid.On second substrate and inside surface opposed outer surface second substrate, form second polaroid.Backlight assembly is arranged in the rear side of first polaroid.Arrange transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and backlight assembly, this film has multilayer, and wherein the ground floor and the second layer that differ from one another of refractive index is alternately stacked.Transflective LCD has a reflected light path, and along this light path, first incident light incides the LC box from the front side of LC box, is reflected by the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film and through the output of the front side of LC box.Transflective LCD has a transmitted light path, and along this light path, second incident beam incides the LC from the rear side of LC box, through the projection reflectance coating and through the output of the front side of LC box.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective liquid crystal display, having comprised: one first substrate is formed with first transparency electrode on it; It is right that one second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to described first basal surface, has second transparency electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate; One liquid crystal layer is formed between described first substrate and described second substrate; One first polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described first substrate; One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface with relative described second substrate of inside surface of described second substrate; One backlight assembly is arranged in the rear side of described first polaroid; With a transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, be arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have the refractive index of differing from one another are alternately stacked, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions reflection and part transmission incident light.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective liquid crystal display, having comprised: one first substrate is formed with on-off element and the transparent pixels electrode that is attached to on-off element on it; It is relative with described first substrate that one second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to, and has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate; One liquid crystal layer is formed between described first substrate and described second substrate; One first polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described first substrate; One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described second substrate relative with the inside surface of described second substrate; One backlight assembly is arranged in the rear side of described first polaroid; With a transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, be arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have the refractive index of differing from one another are alternately stacked, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions reflection and part transmission incident light.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of transflective LCD, having comprised: first substrate, comprise the gate line that is formed on the dielectric base, isolated and with the data line of gate line cross-distribution be electrically connected to the pixel electrode of data line with gate line; Second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to have transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate in the face of first substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second relative on second outer surfaces of substrates polaroid with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent projection reflectance coating between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of transflective LCD is provided, it comprises: first substrate, it comprises i) thin film transistor (TFT), this thin film transistor (TFT) has the gate electrode on the dielectric base of being formed on, be formed on the gate electrode and dielectric base on gate insulator, be formed on the active patterns on the gate insulator that is arranged on the gate electrode, with be respectively formed at source electrode and the drain electrode on the active patterns and ii) be electrically connected to the source electrode and one of them pixel electrode of drain electrode; Inside surface is arranged to second substrate right with first basal surface, has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second polaroid on second outer surfaces of substrates relative with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of transflective LCD is provided, it comprises: first substrate, it comprises i) thin film transistor (TFT), this thin film transistor (TFT) has the active patterns on the dielectric base of being formed on, be formed on the active patterns and dielectric base on gate insulator, be formed on the gate electrode on the gate insulator that is arranged on the active patterns, be formed on the intermediate insulating layer on gate electrode and the gate insulator and be respectively formed at source electrode and the drain electrode on the intermediate insulating layer and ii) be electrically connected to the source electrode and one of them pixel electrode of drain electrode; Inside surface is arranged to second substrate right with first basal surface, has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second polaroid on second outer surfaces of substrates relative with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of transflective LCD is provided, it comprises: first substrate, comprise i on it) be formed on the array of display cells circuit on the dielectric base, many data lines and many gate lines intersected with each other on the array of display cells circuit that distribute with matrix form, ii) gate driver circuit, the first that is adjacent to the array of display cells circuit forms, and is used for the driving grid line; Inside surface is arranged to second substrate right with first basal surface, has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of second substrate; Be formed on the liquid crystal layer between first substrate and second substrate; Be formed on first polaroid on first outer surfaces of substrates; Be formed on second polaroid on second outer surfaces of substrates relative with the inside surface of second substrate; Be arranged in the backlight assembly of the first polaroid rear side; And be arranged in transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film between first polaroid and the backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, transparent reflection of half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions and part transmission incident light.Wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropic transmission and the reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, therein, the described ground floor and the described second layer had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula for every layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _y=n1 _zWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z，

Transflective LCD of the present invention does not have reflecting electrode in the LC box, and does not have/4 wavelength phase difference films on each in last substrate (second substrate) and following substrate (first substrate).Therefore, compare with the transflective LCD of routine, transflective LCD of the present invention can be with simpler structure manufacturing.

In addition, the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of part transmission and partial reflection is being carried out the function of reflecting electrode and transparency electrode simultaneously, and continues producing the cyclic process of light, makes not produce light loss in transmission mode.Therefore, compare with the transflective LCD of routine, transflective LCD of the present invention has the transmittance of enhancing.In addition, because transflective LCD of the present invention does not use 1/4 wavelength phase difference film, so, make and to improve overall light efficient from backlight assembly incident and again by the circulation of the light of the metal area of LC box reflection and be reused.

In addition, can similarly be applied on the liquid crystal of transflective LCD of the present invention because be applied to the optical adjustment of the liquid crystal of conventional transflective LCD, so can prevent the decline of liquid crystal reliability.

Description of drawings

By below with reference to the detailed description of accompanying drawing to embodiment, above-mentioned purpose of the present invention and other advantage will become more clear, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the transflective LCD of routine;

Fig. 2 A and 2B are the working mechanism synoptic diagram of conventional transflective LCD in reflective-mode shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 A and 3B are the working mechanism synoptic diagram of conventional transflective LCD in transmission mode shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view according to the transflective LCD of first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 A and 6B are the position sectional views that is used to represent can be applicable to the light scattering layer of transflective LCD shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 7 A and 7B are used for representing the synoptic diagram of transflective LCD shown in Figure 4 at the working mechanism of reflective-mode, have wherein applied the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film that forms as one in this LCD;

Fig. 8 A and 8B are used for representing the synoptic diagram of transflective LCD shown in Figure 4 at the working mechanism of transmission mode, have wherein applied the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film that forms as one in this LCD;

Fig. 9 A and 9B are used for representing the synoptic diagram of transflective LCD shown in Figure 4 at the working mechanism of reflective-mode, have wherein applied separate type half-transmitting and half-reflecting film in this LCD;

Figure 10 A and 10B are used for representing the synoptic diagram of transflective LCD shown in Figure 4 at the working mechanism of transmission mode, have wherein applied separate type half-transmitting and half-reflecting film in this LCD;

Figure 11 is the sectional view according to the transflective LCD of second embodiment of the invention;

Figure 12 is the sectional view according to the transflective LCD of third embodiment of the invention;

Figure 13 is the sectional view according to the transflective LCD of fourth embodiment of the invention;

Figure 14 is the planimetric map of first substrate shown in Figure 13.

Embodiment

Below with reference to the accompanying drawings exemplary embodiment more of the present invention are described in detail.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of executing the transflective LCD of example according to one of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the invention transflective LCD comprise second substrate 130 that first substrate 110, its inside surface are arranged in the face of first substrate 110 and be formed on first substrate 110 and second substrate 130 between liquid crystal layer 150.

Preferably utilize substrate of glass to make first and

second substrates

110 and 130.

On the inside surface of first substrate 110, form first transparency electrode of making by conductor oxidation film such as tin indium oxide (ITO) 115.Best first transparency electrode 115 extends upward in first party, and serves as signal electrode, repeats to distribute on the second direction perpendicular to first direction.

First polaroid 155 is set on the outside surface of first substrate 110.Second polaroid 165 is formed on the outside surface with relative second substrate 130 of inside surface of second substrate 130.First and

second polaroids

155 and 165 play a part to absorb predetermined polarisation component and other polarized component of transmission, allow incident light transmission on the direction of regulation thus.First and

second polaroids

155 and 165 are linear polarizers, and its polarization axle is orthogonal.

Rear side at first polaroid 155 is installed a backlight assembly 170.

Form second transparency electrode of making by conductor oxidation film such as ITO 135 on the inside surface of first substrate 10 facing of second substrate 130.Best second transparency electrode 135 is served as scan electrode, repeatedly is distributed on the second direction and in first party to extend upward.In other words, in passive matrix formula LCD, first transparency electrode 115 of first substrate 110 and second transparency electrode 135 of second substrate 130 are scattered in orthogonal, make them be used separately as signal electrode and scan electrode.

Liquid crystal layer 150 is made by the stn liquid crystal composition (composition) of 270 ° of distortions.Also can select to make liquid crystal layer 150 by the stn liquid crystal composition of 90 ° of distortions.As everyone knows, passive matrix formula LCD utilizes stn liquid crystal, and active matric LCD utilizes the TN liquid crystal.According to present embodiment, liquid crystal layer 150 has the Δ nd of 0.2-0.6 μ m, preferred 0.48 μ m, and this amount is that the refractive index anisotropy Δ n and the thickness d of liquid crystal layer 150 is long-pending.0.48 the value of μ m allows LCD of the present invention to use the LC optical condition of conventional transmission type LCD equally and need not change (without variation), prevents the reliability decrease of liquid crystal thus.

A half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 is set between first polaroid 155 and backlight assembly 170, and this film comprises at least two hyaline layers with refractive indices that are different from value, promptly as shown in Figure 5 replace the stacked ground floor 161 and the second layer 162.Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 plays a part partial reflection and part transmission incident light.Therefore, the transflective LCD of present embodiment has a reflected light path 180 and a transmitted light path 185 according to the present invention.In reflected light path, incident light is towards second substrate, 130 incidents, and sees through first substrate 110, by 160 reflections of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, and through second substrate, 130 outputs.In transmitted light path 85, incident light incides first substrate 110 from backlight assembly, and see through and establish reflectance coating 160 thoroughly, and through second substrate, 130 outputs.

Describe the structure and the operation of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 below in detail.

As shown in Figure 5, when hypothesis half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 has the membrane plane of a thickness direction on the film of Z-direction and x-y plane, according to the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 of one aspect of the invention be characterised in that its ground floor 161 at membrane plane, be to have the refractive index anisotropy in the x-y plane, and the second layer 162 does not have the refractive index anisotropy in membrane plane.

Half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 has the different transmissions and the reflection characteristic of polarization state of depending on and incident light direction.For example, the direction that is parallel to the bearing of trend of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 when hypothesis is the x direction, direction perpendicular to this bearing of trend is the y direction, each ground floor 161 has very high refractive index and refraction ansiotropy in membrane plane, and does not have the second layer 162 of refraction ansiotropy to have three principal refractive index n that satisfy following relationship formula (1) _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|...(1)

Thereby, if between the ground floor 161 and the second layer 162 in the refringence of x direction less than ground floor 161 and the second layer 162 refringence in the y direction, then when nonpolarized light perpendicular to the direction of membrane plane, be that z is during to incident, it is most of owing to be reflected based on the difference of the high refractive index of luxuriant and rich with fragrance alunite youngster's equation to the polarized component of polarization to be parallel to y, but be parallel to x to the polarized component of polarization because the difference of low refractive index and partly by transmission and reflect.

The method of utilizing the reflective polarizer of being made by birefringent multilayer dielectric film to improve display brightness is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication JP9-506985 and International Patent Application WO 97/01788.It is alternately stacked to have in the structure of birefringent multilayer dielectric film two base polymer layers.One in two kinds of polymeric layers is selected from the polymer class with high index of refraction, and another is selected from the polymer class with low-refraction.

Below, the structure of reviewing multilayer dielectric film with regard to optical characteristics.

For example, between the second layer of hypothesis, there is following relationship in ground floor that high-index material is extended and low-index material extension:

N1 _x=n1 _z=1.57, n1 _y=1.86; With

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z＝1.57

Thereby, first and second layers of refractive index value on x direction and z direction be equal to each other and second and the second layer under the situation that the refractive index value on the y direction differs from one another, based on Fresnel equation (Fresnels ' equation), when nonpolarized light perpendicular to the direction of membrane plane, be that z is during to incident, the whole transmissions of the polarized component of x direction, the polarized component of y direction all is reflected.Representative example with birefringence multilayer dielectric film of above-mentioned characteristic is the DBEF (two brightness enhancement film) that is made by 3M company.DBEF has sandwich construction, the film that promptly stacked two kinds of different materials of hundreds of layer make.In other words, have birefringent Polyethylene Naphthalate (polyethylene naphthalate) layer and polymethylmethacrylate (polymethyl methacrylate) (PMMA) replace stacked with formation DBEF layer.Because naphthyl has planar structure, thus when these groups are placed adjacent one another easy stacked Polyethylene Naphthalate layer and DBEF layer, make the refractive index of stacked direction become different considerably with other direction.On the contrary, because being amorphous polymer and isotropy, arranges PMMA, so PMMA has identical refractive index in all directions.

By the polarized component of the whole x directions of DBEF transmission of 3M company preparation and reflect the polarized component of whole y directions, and according to the polarized component of the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 most of specific directions of reflection (as the y direction) of one aspect of the invention, but partly reflection and transmission in the polarized component that is being orthogonal to polarization on the direction of specific direction (as the x direction).The half-transmitting and half-reflecting film can connect two anisotropy half-transmitting and half-reflecting films by vertical subsides and make, and wherein two anisotropy half-transmitting and half-reflecting films are dependent on polarization state has different transmissivities and reflectivity with the incident direction of light.The half-transmitting and half-reflecting film can be optionally be dependent on polarization of incident light attitude and direction and has the anisotropy half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of different transmissivities and reflectivity and polarization of incident light attitude and direction how all to have the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of isotropy transmission and reflection characteristic to make by pasting one.Two half-transmitting and half-reflecting films can be made with one-piece construction, also can make with the membrane structure of independent shaping.

In addition, according to another preferred aspect of the present invention, regardless of polarization of incident light attitude and direction, half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 all has isotropic transmission and reflection characteristic.For example, if suppose to be parallel to the direction of film bearing of trend and be the x direction and be the y direction perpendicular to the direction of film bearing of trend, the second layer 162 that then has the ground floor 161 of high index of refraction and have a low-refraction all has the isotropic characteristics of refractive index in the x-y plane of film, and first and

second layer

161 and 162 each three principal refractive index n that satisfy following relationship are all arranged _x, n _yAnd n _z:

N1 _x=n1 _z=n1 _yWith

n2 _x＝n2 _z＝n2 _y≠n1 _z ...(2)

Thereby, first and

second layer

161 and 162 at z under situation with different refractivity value, when nonpolarized light (promptly perpendicular to the direction of film, z to) during incident, in the polarized component of x direction according to luxuriant and rich with fragrance alunite youngster's equation part transmission and reflection, and in the partly transmission and the reflection of polarized component of y direction.At this moment, thickness that can be by control ground floor 161 and the second layer 162 or refractive index are adjusted to characteristic coupling with transflective LCD with catoptrical reflectivity.In other words, the transflective LCD that strengthens reflection characteristic has strengthened reflectivity, and has reduced reflectivity in transmissison characteristic is considered to the transflective LCD of major issue, so that improve transmissivity.

As mentioned above, half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 of the present invention can form has anisotropic properties, wherein the transmissivity of film 160 and reflectivity become with polarization of incident light attitude and direction, perhaps can form and have isotropic characteristics, wherein the transmissivity of film 160 and reflectivity do not rely on polarization of incident light attitude and direction.Under any circumstance, all wish when light perpendicular to the direction incident of membrane plane the time, half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 all has on all directions and is not less than about 4% reflectivity with respect to polarized component.

Half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 of the present invention can be made one with first polaroid 155, perhaps forms independent membrane structure discretely with first polaroid 155.Make under the situation of one at the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and first polaroid 155, can reduce the thickness of LC box, and LCD has superiority aspect manufacturing cost.

Above having explained by deposition or coated with multiple layer polymer film on a face of first polaroid 155 to form the method for half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160, is an opposite notion with anti-reflex treated in the polaroid.In other words, in anti-reflex treated, deposit or apply two class hyaline membranes of different refractivity repeatedly, make and in the polymer multi-layer film, cause destructive interference by multipath reflection with constant thickness.But, for form a kind of can the part transmission and the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of partial reflection incident light, should regulate the thickness of film, make constructive interference take place.

In addition, shown in Fig. 6 A and 6B, can also comprise a light scattering layer 168 that is formed in first substrate 110 or second substrate 130, to prevent direct reflection or scattered reflection light on various angles suitably according to the transflective LCD of present embodiment.For example, light scattering layer 168 can formed between first substrate 110 and first polaroid 155, between second substrate 130 and second polaroid 165 or between first polaroid 155 and the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160.Light scattering layer 168 can be made with one-piece construction with first polaroid 155 or second polaroid 165, or makes with the independent membrane structure of separating with polaroid.In addition, light scattering layer 168 can be made with the form of plastic foil, has wherein scattered transparent biz (pearl) in the plastic foil.In addition, light scattering layer 168 can be made under biz adds the state of bonding agent to, and this makes can directly be attached to first polaroid 155 with first substrate 110.

In addition, in order to optimize the optical efficiency of transflective LCD among the current embodiment of the present invention, can in first substrate 110 or second substrate 130, form the phase difference film (not shown).For example, phase difference film with and the structure that becomes one of polaroid or with first substrate 110 and first polaroid 155 between or polaroid between second substrate 130 and the second polaroid 165 independent membrane structure of separating form.

Describe the working mechanism of the transflective LCD with said structure below in detail.

Fig. 7 A～8B is the working mechanism synoptic diagram of reflective-mode and transmission mode among the transflective LCD, and wherein the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and first polaroid 155 form one., represent the polarisation of light direction herein, and partial reflection light and part transmitted light are illustrated by the broken lines according to the polarization axle of second polaroid 165.

At first, when in reflective-mode, not applying pixel voltage (OFF), shown in Fig. 7 A,, make light linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to second polaroid, 165 polarization axles from light transmission second polaroid 165 of extraneous incident.This linearly polarized light sees through the liquid crystal layer 150 and first transparency electrode 115, makes linearly polarized light linear polarization and inciding again with first polaroid 155 on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 165 polarization axles form on the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 of one.At this moment, because the polarization axle of first polaroid 155 is orthogonal to the polarization axle of second polaroid 165, has the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 155 polarization axles so incide the light of first polaroid 155.Therefore, the light transmission half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 of linear polarization and on the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 155 polarization axles by 160 partial reflections of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film.In other words, have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of reflection characteristic shown in the relational expression (1), incide in the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 polarized component at the x direction polarization that is parallel to half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 bearing of trends by partly transmission and reflection, and the polarized component major part of polarization is reflected on perpendicular to the direction of bearing of trend.In addition, have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of refracting characteristic shown in the relational expression (2), incide in the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 partly transmission and partly reflection of polarized component at x and y direction polarization.

Therefore, seen through first transparency electrode 115 and liquid crystal layer 150, make its linear polarization on the direction of the polarization axle that is parallel to second polaroid 165 by the linearly polarized light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 reflection.Afterwards, light transmission second polaroid 165 makes the display white image.In addition, the light that has seen through half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 is recovered (restore) between half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and backlight assembly 170, and the light that the is recovered program of operating part reflection and part transmission repeatedly.The result has eliminated light loss and has improved reflectivity and optical efficiency.

When in reflective-mode, applying maximum pixel voltage (ON), shown in Fig. 7 B,, make light linear polarization on a direction that is parallel to second polaroid, 165 polarization axles from light transmission second polaroid 165 of extraneous incident.Afterwards, linearly polarized light does not change polarization state ground and sees through liquid crystal layer 150, and incides with first polaroid 155 again and form in the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 of one.At this moment, because linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization axle of first polaroid 155, so light is all absorbed in first polaroid 155.Thereby this linearly polarized light makes to show black image not by 160 reflections of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film.

When in transparent mode, not applying pixel voltage (OFF), shown in Fig. 8 A, incide with first polaroid 155 from the light of backlight assembly 170 radiation and to form the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 of one.Have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of refracting characteristic shown in the relational expression (1), in the light that is parallel to first polaroid, 155 polarization axles, be parallel to the partly transmission and the reflection of polarized component of x direction sheet, and be parallel to y to the polarized component major part be reflected.In addition, have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of refracting characteristic shown in the relational expression (2), the light that is parallel to first polaroid, 155 polarization axles is by transmission partly and partly reflect because x to y to all polarized components of polarization all by partly transmission and reflection.

Thereby the light that has seen through the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and first polaroid 155 becomes the linearly polarized light of the direction of vibration with the polarization axle that is parallel to first polaroid 155.Linearly polarized light sees through first transparency electrode 15 and liquid crystal layer 150, makes its linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to second polaroid, 165 polarization axles.Therefore, light transmission second polaroid 165 of linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to second polaroid, 165 polarization axles makes the display white image.In addition, be recovered between backlight assembly 170 and half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 by the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 reflections, and repeat above-mentioned steps again.Thereby be parallel to x to polarized component or be parallel to x and y to polarized component see through half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 continuously, make and eliminated light loss and improved transmissivity and optical efficiency.

When in transmission mode, applying maximum pixel voltage (ON), shown in Fig. 8 B, incide the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 that forms one with first polaroid 155, feasible partly transmission and the reflection of light that is parallel to first polaroid, 155 polarization axles from the light of backlight assembly 170 radiation.The light that has seen through the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and first polaroid 155 is transformed into the light of linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 155 polarization axles, promptly perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 165 polarization axles.Linearly polarized light does not change polarization state ground and sees through first transparency electrode 115 and liquid crystal layer 150.Therefore, the light of linear polarization does not see through second polaroid 165 on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 165 polarization axles, makes to show black image.

Fig. 9 A～10B be illustrated in that half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 wherein separates with first polaroid 155 and the transflective LCD that makes with membrane structure in the principle of work synoptic diagram of transmission mode and reflective-mode., represent the polarisation of light direction herein, and partial reflection light and part transmitted light are illustrated by the broken lines according to the polarization axle of second polaroid 165.

At first, when not applying pixel voltage in reflective-mode (OFF), shown in Fig. 9 A, shown in Fig. 2 A, light transmission second polaroid 165 from extraneous incident makes light at the directional ray polarization that is parallel to second polaroid, 165 polarization axles.Linearly polarized light sees through the liquid crystal layer 150 and first transparency electrode 115, makes linearly polarized light linear polarization and incide first polaroid 155 again on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 165 polarization axles.At this moment because the polarization axle of first polaroid 155 is orthogonal to the polarization axle of second polaroid 165, so on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 165 polarization axles light transmission first polaroid 155 of linear polarization and reentering be mapped on the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160.Have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of refractive index characteristic shown in the relational expression (1), incide in the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 in polarized component partly transmission and the reflection of the x that is parallel to projection reflectance coating 160 bearing of trends, and be reflected to the polarized component major part of polarization at y perpendicular to this bearing of trend to polarization.In addition, have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of refracting characteristic shown in the relational expression (2), incide in the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 partly transmission and the partly reflection of polarized component to polarization at x and y.

Therefore, because be parallel to the polarization axle of first polaroid 55, so it sees through first polaroid 155 and incides on the liquid crystal layer 150 through transparency electrode 115 by the linearly polarized light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 reflection.Linearly polarized light sees through liquid crystal layer 150, linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to second polaroid, 165 polarization axles thus.Afterwards, this light transmission second polaroid 165 makes the display white image.In addition, the light that has seen through half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 is recovered between half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and backlight assembly 170, and the light that is recovered repeats the program of partial reflection and part transmission.As a result, eliminated light loss and improved reflectivity and optical efficiency.

When applying maximum pixel voltage in reflective-mode (ON), shown in Fig. 9 B, light transmission second polaroid 160 from extraneous incident makes light at the directional ray polarization that is parallel to second polaroid, 165 polarization axles.Afterwards, linearly polarized light does not change its polarization state ground and sees through liquid crystal layer 150, and incides first polaroid 155 again.At this moment, because linearly polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization axle of first polaroid 155, so light is all absorbed in first polaroid 155.Therefore, because linearly polarized light is not by 160 reflections of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, so the demonstration black image.

When in transmission mode, not applying pixel voltage (OFF), shown in Figure 10 A, incide the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 from the light of backlight assembly 170 radiation, make light by partly transmission and reflection.Have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of refracting characteristic shown in the relational expression (1), incided in the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 in polarized component partly transmission and the reflection of the x that is parallel to half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 bearing of trends, and be reflected to the polarized component major part of polarization at y perpendicular to this bearing of trend to polarization.In addition, have at half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 under the situation of the refracting characteristic shown in the relational expression (2), incided in the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 partly transmission and the reflection of polarized component to polarization at x and y.

Therefore, see through light linear polarization on the direction that is parallel to first polaroid, 155 polarization axles of the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and first polaroid 155.Afterwards, linearly polarized light sees through first transparency electrode 115 and liquid crystal layer 150, makes its linear polarization on the direction of the polarization axle that is parallel to second polaroid 165.Therefore, light transmission second polaroid 165 of linear polarization on the direction of the polarization axle that is parallel to second polaroid 165 makes the display white image.In addition, be recovered between backlight assembly 170 and half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 by the light of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 reflections, and repeat above-mentioned steps again.Therefore, be parallel to x to polarized component or be parallel to x and y to polarized component see through half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 continuously and be utilized, make and eliminated light loss and improved transmissivity and optical efficiency.

When in transmission mode, applying pixel voltage (ON), shown in Figure 10 B, incide the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 from the light of backlight assembly 170 radiation, make incident light partly partly reflect through half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160 and by half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160.Seen through light transmission first polaroid 155 of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 160, make it be transformed into the polarization axle that is parallel to first polaroid 155, promptly perpendicular to the light of the directional ray polarization of second polaroid, 165 polarization axles.Afterwards, linearly polarized light does not change polarization state ground through first transparency electrode 115 and liquid crystal layer 150.Therefore, the light of linear polarization can not see through second polaroid 165 on perpendicular to the direction of second polaroid, 165 polarization axles, makes to show black image.

Figure 11 is the sectional view of transflective LCD according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 11, transflective LCD comprises first substrate 200, be arranged to second substrate 250 faced with first substrate 200, be formed on the liquid crystal layer 260 between first substrate 200 and second substrate 250, and the backlight assembly 270 that is arranged in first substrate, 200 rear sides.

First substrate 200 comprises first dielectric base 210.On first dielectric base 210, form many gate line (not shown) and many data line (not shown) with matrix structure.Pixel electrode 234 and thin film transistor (TFT) 225 are formed on by pair of grid lines and the location that data line limits.Second substrate 250 comprises second dielectric base 252, the colored filter 254 of the rgb pixel of display color when being used for light transmission, is used to prevent black matrix" 256 and the transparent common electrode 258 of light from leaking between pixel.

Thin film transistor (TFT) 225 comprises the gate electrode 212 that is formed on first dielectric base 210, be formed on the gate insulating film 214 on the gate electrode 212 and first dielectric base 210, all be formed on active patterns 216 and Ohmic contact pattern 218 on the gate insulating film 214 on the gate electrode 212, and be formed on source electrode and drain electrode 220 and 222 that are separated from each other on the Ohmic contact pattern 218.Comprising passivating film 230 of making by the organic or inorganic thing of formation on first dielectric base 210 of thin film transistor (TFT) 225.Formation penetrates the contact hole of passivating film 230 to expose drain electrode 222 in passivating film 230.Pixel electrode 234 is made by transparent conductor oxide such as ITO (tin indium oxide).

Liquid crystal layer 260 is made by nematic (TN) liquid crystal of 90 ° of distortions, and has the Δ nd of 0.2-0.6 μ m, preferred 0.48 μ m, and Δ nd is that the anisotropy Δ n of refractive index and the thickness d of liquid crystal layer 150 is long-pending.Thereby, allow LCD of the present invention without any changing the LC optical condition that ground uses conventional transmission type LCD according to the anisotropic value of refractive index, prevent the reliability decrease of liquid crystal thus.

According to the orientation of liquid crystal layer 260, be used for a transmission is attached to first and

second substrates

210 and 252 respectively at first and

second polaroids

262 and 266 of the light of prescribed direction vibration outside surface.Best first and

second polaroids

262 and 266 are linear polarizers, and its polarization axle is set to and is perpendicular to one another.

The gate electrode 212 of thin film transistor (TFT) 225 is attached to gate line, and source electrode 220 is attached to data line, and drain electrode 222 is attached to pixel electrode 234 by contact hole 232.Therefore, when gate electrode 212 was applied scanning voltage, the signal voltage of the data line of flowing through was applied to drain electrode 222 through active patterns 216 from source electrode 220.If signal voltage is applied on the drain electrode 222, then between the public electrode 258 of the pixel electrode 234 that is attached to drain electrode 222 and second substrate 252, produce voltage difference.As a result, the molecules align that is infused in the liquid crystal layer 260 between pixel electrode 234 and the public electrode 258 changes, and changes the transmissivity of light in liquid crystal layer 258 thus.Therefore, thin film transistor (TFT) 225 plays a part to open or end the on-off element of the pixel of LC box.

The half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 that distributes and be made up of a large amount of hyaline layers between first polaroid 262 and backlight assembly 270, first and second layers of wherein having different refractivity are alternately stacked.As described in above-mentioned embodiment, half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 is used for part transmission and reflection incident light.In other words, half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 can be made and become structure with anisotropic properties, wherein the degree of transmissivity and reflectivity changes with polarization of incident light attitude and direction, also half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 can be made becomes the structure with isotropic characteristics, and wherein the degree of transmissivity and reflectivity does not change with polarization of incident light attitude and direction.Wishing all under any circumstance that the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 that forms has with respect to the polarized component of all directions is not less than 4% reflectivity.Half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 to be forming with the structure of first polaroid, 262 one, or forms with the structure of separating with first polaroid 262.

In addition, in order to prevent direct reflection on several directions and the reflected light that suitably spreads, can also in first substrate 200 or second substrate 250, comprise the light scattering layer (not shown) according to transflective LCD of the present invention.For example, light scattering layer can be formed between first substrate 200 and first polaroid 262, between second substrate 250 and second polaroid 266 or between first polaroid 262 and the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264.Light scattering layer forms with the structure that becomes one with first polaroid 262 or second polaroid 266, or forms with the structure of separating with first polaroid 262 and second polaroid 266.In addition, light scattering layer can be made by mixed adhesive and biz.

In addition, for the optical efficiency among the transflective LCD that optimizes present embodiment, can in first substrate 100 or second substrate 250, form the phase difference film (not shown).For example, forming phase difference film between first substrate 200 and first polaroid 262 or between second substrate 250 and second polaroid 266.In addition, phase difference film forms with the structure that becomes one with first polaroid 262 or second polaroid 266, or forms with the structure of separating with first polaroid 262 or second polaroid 266.

Transflective LCD according to present embodiment does not form reflecting electrode in the LC box, but half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 replaces reflecting electrode and plays reflecting electrode.Therefore, the light from the external world to second substrate, 252 incidents has a reflected light path 280, light transmission first substrate 210 and by half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 reflection, through second substrate, 252 outputs in this light path.In addition, to the light of first substrate, 200 incidents a transmitted light path 285 is arranged from backlight assembly 270, light transmission half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 is also again through second substrate, 250 outputs in this light path.

Transflective LCD shown in Figure 11 have with reference to the described reflective-mode of Fig. 7 A～10B working mechanism identical with transmission mode.In other words,, in reflective-mode and transmission mode, do not produce light loss, make and to improve reflectivity and transmissivity by utilizing the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of part transmission and reflection incident light.In addition, compare with conventional transflective LCD shown in Figure 1, transflective LCD is not provided with 1/4 wavelength phase difference film in substrate down, i.e. first substrate 210.For this reason, from backlight assembly 270 incidents and exist the light of the regional reflex of metal level such as gate line or data line to be recovered between half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 264 and backlight assembly 270 from the LC box, and the light that is recovered is utilized, and improved overall light efficient thus.

Figure 12 is the sectional view according to the transflective LCD of third embodiment of the invention, has especially represented to have thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) LCD of top gate structure.

Referring to Figure 12, transflective LCD comprises first substrate 300, in the face of second substrate 350 of first substrate 300, is arranged on the liquid crystal layer 260 between first substrate 300 and second substrate 350 and is arranged on backlight assembly below first substrate 300.

First substrate 300 comprises pixel electrode 334 and the thin film transistor (TFT) (not shown) 325 on many gate line (not shown) and many data line (not shown), first dielectric base 310.Data line and gate line are distributed on first dielectric base 310 with matrix form.Each pixel electrode and each TFT325 are arranged on the infall of data line and gate line.Second substrate 350 comprises one second dielectric base 352, have the rgb pixel that is used to represent predetermined color colored filter 354, be used to prevent black matrix" (photoresist layer) 356 and the transparent common electrode 358 of light from pixel leaks.

TFT comprises the active patterns 312 that is formed on first dielectric base 310, be formed on gate insulator 314 on the active patterns 312 and first dielectric base 310, be formed on gate electrode 316 on the gate insulator 314 that places on the active patterns 312, be formed on the intermediate insulating layer 318 on gate electrode 316 and the gate insulator 314 and be respectively formed at source electrode and drain electrode on the intermediate insulating layer.Source electrode and drain electrode (320,322) first contact hole 319 through passing intermediate insulating layer 318 and gate insulator 314 respectively are attached to source area (S) and drain region (D) of active patterns 312.Active patterns 312 is by a kind of composition the in polysilicon and the amorphous silicon.

Has the passivating film 330 that formation is made up of the organic or inorganic thing on first dielectric base 310 of TFT 325.Second contact hole 332 runs through passivating film 330 and exposes drain electrode 322.Pixel electrode is a transparency electrode 334 that constitutes by the conductor oxidation film, as tin indium oxide (ITO).

Liquid crystal layer 360 is made by the liquid crystal of 90 ° of distortions, and has the Δ nd of 0.2-0.6 μ m, preferred 0.48 μ m, and Δ nd is that the anisotropy (Δ n) of the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 150 is with (d) long-pending.Thereby the LC optical condition of conventional transmission type LCD can be used for the present invention, prevents the reliability decrease of liquid crystal thus.

In addition, according to the orientation of liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer 360, first polaroid 362 and second polaroid 366 are attached to the outside surface of first and second substrates 300 and 350 respectively, thereby only transmission is at the light of prescribed direction vibration.First and second polaroids 362 and 366 all are linear polarizers, and first and second polaroids 362 and 366 polarization axle are orthogonal.

Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 364 is set between first polaroid 362 and backlight assembly 370, and this film has hyaline layer that two refractive indexes differ from one another at least, promptly replaces the stacked ground floor and the second layer.Transparent 364 partial reflections of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film and transmission incident light.Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 364 is as reflecting electrode.

Therefore, transflective LCD according to the present invention has a reflected light path 380 and a transmitted light path 385.In reflected light path 380, incident light sees through first substrate 300 to second substrate, 350 incidents, and through 364 reflections of transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film and to second substrate, 130 outgoing.In transmitted light path 385, incident light incides first substrate 300 from backlight assembly 370, through 364 transmissions of half-transmitting and half-reflecting film and to second substrate, 350 outgoing.

Figure 13 is the sectional view according to the transflective LCD of fourth embodiment of the invention, and Figure 14 is the planimetric map of first substrate shown in Figure 13.

Referring to Figure 13 and 14, transflective LCD comprises the first substrate 412a, in the face of the second substrate 412b of the first substrate 412a, be arranged on the liquid crystal layer (LC, not shown) between the first substrate 412a and the second substrate 412b and be arranged on backlight assembly 490 under the first substrate 412a.

Array of display cells circuit 450, data drive circuit 460, gate driver circuit 470, be used to link data drive circuit 460 first external terminal 463, be used to link second external terminal 472 of gate driver circuit 470.Liquid crystal layer (LC) is arranged on the first substrate 412a with colored filter and has between the second substrate 412b of transparent common electrode (CE).According to the orientation of liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer (LC), first polaroid 480 and the second polaroid (not shown) are attached to the outside surface of first and second substrates 300 and 350 respectively, thereby only transmission is at the light of prescribed direction vibration.

Integrated control on the first substrate 412a and data driving chip and circuit pass through a flexible electric circuit board 416 electrical ties each other.Integrated control and data driving chip 418 are placed on the flexible electric circuit board 416.Flexible electric circuit board 416 provides data-signal, data timing signal, grid timing signal and gate drive voltage signal for the data drive circuit 460 on the first substrate 412a and gate driver circuit 470.

Array of display cells circuit 450 comprises the data line that the m bar extends at the column direction (gate line that DL1～DLm) and n bar extend at line direction (GL1～GLn).Infall at these gate lines and data line is provided with switching transistor (ST).The drain electrode of switching transistor (ST) is attached to data line (DLi), and the grid of switching transistor (ST) is attached to gate line (GLi), and the source electrode of switching transistor (ST) is attached to transparent pixels electrode (PE).

Gate driver circuit 470 comprises variable resistor.This variable resistor has a plurality of levels, and each level series connection links.Enabling signal is input to the input end of the first order.Output signal Continuous Selection gate line by each grade (GL1～GLn).

Data drive circuit 460 comprises variable resistor 464 and a plurality of switching transistor, for example the individual switching transistor of 528 (176*3).528 switching transistors are divided into 8 data line pieces (BL1～BL8), and each data line piece comprises 66 switching transistors.66 input ends of each data line piece are attached to the outer input end 463 with 66 data input ends jointly.66 output terminal s of variable resistor 464 are attached to 66 corresponding data lines.Variable resistor 464 provides clock signal by the outer connecting end 462 that 3 terminals are arranged, and (CK CKB) selects enabling signal (STH) with piece.In addition, the piece selecting side is attached to the corresponding output terminal of variable-resistance 8 output terminal s.Each source electrode of 528 switching transistors is attached to corresponding data line, and each drain electrode of 528 switching transistors is attached to a corresponding input end of 66 data input ends, and each grid of 528 switching transistors is attached to the piece selecting side.Switching transistor is a kind of amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin film transistor (TFT).Article 528, data line is divided into 8, and every has 66 data lines, selects every successively by 8 block selection signals of variable resistor 464.

In the reflective/transmissible LCD according to four preferred embodiment of the invention, gate driver circuit 470 and data drive circuit 460 are integrated with array of display cells circuit 450 on the first substrate 412a.

A transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 495 is set between first polaroid 480 and backlight assembly 490, and this film comprises that at least two have the hyaline layer of different refractivity, promptly replace the stacked ground floor and the second layer.Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 495 can be en bloc, promptly the structure with an integral body is formed on first polaroid 480.

Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 495 partly reflects and the transmission incident light.Transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 495 can have the different transmissivities that depend on polarization of incident light attitude and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity, and isotropy transmission and reflection characteristic with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent perhaps can be arranged.When light during perpendicular to transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film 495 incidents, the polarized light of polarization preferably has the reflectivity (reflection ratio) greater than 4% on 495 pairs of all directions of transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film in all cases.

According to the 4th preferred embodiment of the present invention, data drive circuit and gate driver circuit all adopt variable resistor.But also can be only at data drive circuit or only in gate driver circuit, adopt variable resistor.

Though more than describe the present invention in detail, those skilled in the art can make various changes, replacement and change to the present invention under the prerequisite that does not break away from the spirit and scope that the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. transflective liquid crystal display, it comprises:

One first substrate;

One second substrate has one to be arranged to and the right inside surface of described first basal surface;

One liquid crystal layer is formed between described first substrate and described second substrate;

One first polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described first substrate;

One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described second substrate, and the outside surface of described second substrate is relative with the described inside surface of described second substrate;

One backlight assembly is arranged on the rear side of described first polaroid; With

One transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, be arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer with different refractivity are alternately stacked each other, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions reflection and part transmission incident light

Wherein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the various different transmissivities that depend on incident light polarization state and direction and the anisotropic properties of reflectivity,

When the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film of hypothesis had the membrane plane on axial thickness of z and x-y plane, each had three principal refractive index n that satisfy the following relationship formula the described therein ground floor and the described second layer _x, n _yAnd n _z:

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

2. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film and described first polaroid form one.

3. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film separates formation with described first polaroid.

4. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, the ground floor of wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the refractive index anisotropy in its plane, the second layer of described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film does not have the refractive index anisotropy in its plane.

5. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film comprises that two depend on the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film that polarization of incident light attitude and direction have different transmissivities and reflectivity, and described two half-transmitting and half-reflecting films are connected to each other.

6. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film comprises the first half-transmitting and half-reflecting film connected to each other and the second half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, the described first half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has transmissivity and the reflectivity that changes according to polarization of incident light attitude and direction, and the described second half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropy transmissivity and the reflectivity with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.

7. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein when described incident light when inciding described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film perpendicular to its surperficial angle, therein, described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has for the polarized component of all directions and is not less than 4% reflectivity.

8. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises being formed on described first substrate or the described second suprabasil light scattering layer.

9. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 8 is wherein between described first substrate and described first polaroid, between described second substrate and described second polaroid or form light scattering layer between described first polaroid and the described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film.

10. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1 wherein also comprises being formed on described first substrate or the described second suprabasil phase difference film.

11. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 10 is wherein forming phase difference film between described first substrate and described first polaroid or between described second substrate and described second polaroid.

12. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 1, wherein said liquid crystal layer have the Δ nd of 0.2-0.6 μ m, Δ nd is that the anisotropy Δ n of refractive index and the thickness d of liquid crystal layer is long-pending.

13. a transflective liquid crystal display, it comprises:

One liquid crystal cell comprises first substrate, has second substrate that is arranged to the right inside surface of first basal surface, and a liquid crystal layer that is formed between first substrate and second substrate;

One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface of described second substrate relative with the inside surface of described second substrate;

One backlight assembly is arranged in the rear side of described first polaroid; With

One transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film is arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, and has multilayer, and wherein the ground floor and the second layer that differ from one another of refractive index is alternately stacked,

Wherein said transflective liquid crystal display has a reflected light path, the front side of first incident light along described light path from described liquid crystal cell incided the described liquid crystal cell, by described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film reflection and through the output of the front side of described liquid crystal cell

Also have a transmitted light path, the rear side of second incident beam along described light path from described liquid crystal cell incides the described liquid crystal cell, through described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film and through the output of the front side of described liquid crystal cell,

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

14. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 13, the ground floor of wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has the refractive index anisotropy in its plane, the second layer of described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film does not have the refractive index anisotropy in its plane.

15. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 13, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film comprises that two depend on the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film that polarization of incident light attitude and direction have different transmissivities and reflectivity, and described two half-transmitting and half-reflecting films are connected to each other.

16. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 13, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film comprises the first half-transmitting and half-reflecting film connected to each other and the second half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, the described first half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has transmissivity and the reflectivity that changes according to polarization of incident light attitude and direction, and the described second half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropy transmissivity and the reflectivity with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.

17. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 13, wherein when described incident light when inciding described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film perpendicular to its surperficial angle, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has for the polarized component of all directions and is not less than 4% reflectivity.

18. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 13 wherein also comprises being formed on described first substrate or the described second suprabasil light scattering layer.

19. a transflective liquid crystal display comprises:

One first substrate is formed with first transparency electrode on it;

It is right that one second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to described first basal surface, has second transparency electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate;

One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface with relative described second substrate of inside surface of described second substrate;

One transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, be arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have the refractive index of differing from one another are alternately stacked, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions reflection and part transmission incident light

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

20. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 19, wherein said first transparency electrode are signal electrodes, described second transparency electrode is a scan electrode.

21. a transflective liquid crystal display comprises:

One first substrate is formed with on-off element and the transparent pixels electrode that is attached to on-off element on it;

It is relative with described first substrate that one second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to, and has transparent public electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate;

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

22. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 21, wherein on-off element is a thin film transistor (TFT).

23. a transflective liquid crystal display, it comprises:

One first substrate comprises that one is formed on the gate line on the dielectric base, and one is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of data line with the insulation of described gate line and with the data line and of described gate line cross-distribution;

One second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to have transparent public electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate in the face of described first substrate;

One first polaroid is formed on described first outer surfaces of substrates;

One second polaroid is formed on described second outer surfaces of substrates relative with the inside surface of described second substrate;

One backlight assembly is arranged in the described first polaroid rear side; With

One transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, be arranged between described first polaroid and the described backlight assembly, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has multilayer, the ground floor and the second layer that wherein have different refractivity are alternately stacked, described transparent half-transmitting and half-reflecting membrane portions reflection and part transmission incident light

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

24. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 23, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film comprises that two depend on the half-transmitting and half-reflecting film that polarization of incident light attitude and direction have different transmissivities and reflectivity, and described two half-transmitting and half-reflecting films are connected to each other.

25. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 23, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film comprises the first half-transmitting and half-reflecting film connected to each other and the second half-transmitting and half-reflecting film, the described first half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has transmissivity and the reflectivity that changes according to polarization of incident light attitude and direction, and the described second half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has isotropy transmissivity and the reflectivity with polarization of incident light attitude and orientation independent.

26. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 23, wherein when described incident light when inciding described half-transmitting and half-reflecting film perpendicular to its surperficial angle, wherein said half-transmitting and half-reflecting film has for the polarized component of all directions and is not less than 4% reflectivity.

27. a transflective liquid crystal display, it comprises:

One first substrate, it comprises i) thin film transistor (TFT), described thin film transistor (TFT) has a gate electrode that is formed on the dielectric base, one be formed on the described gate electrode and described dielectric base on gate insulator, one is formed on the active patterns on the gate insulator that is arranged on the described gate electrode, separately be formed on a source electrode on the described active patterns and a drain electrode and ii) one be electrically connected to one of them pixel electrode of described source electrode and drain electrode;

It is right that one second substrate, its inside surface are arranged to described first basal surface, has a transparent public electrode on the inside surface of described second substrate;

One first polaroid is formed on described first outer surfaces of substrates;

One second polaroid is formed on the outside surface of second substrate relative with the inside surface of described second substrate;

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

28. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 27, wherein said active patterns is made up of polysilicon.

29. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 27, wherein said active patterns is made up of amorphous silicon.

30. a transflective liquid crystal display, it comprises:

One first substrate, it comprises i) thin film transistor (TFT), described thin film transistor (TFT) has an active patterns that is formed on the dielectric base, one be formed on the described active patterns and described dielectric base on gate insulator, one is formed on the gate electrode on the described gate insulator that is arranged on the described active patterns, one is formed on the intermediate insulating layer on described gate electrode and the described gate insulator and separately is formed on a source electrode on the intermediate insulating layer and a drain electrode and ii) be electrically connected to one of them pixel electrode of described source electrode and described drain electrode;

One first polaroid is formed on described first outer surfaces of substrates;

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

31. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 30, wherein said active patterns is made up of polysilicon.

32. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 30, wherein said active patterns is made up of amorphous silicon.

33. a transflective liquid crystal display, it comprises:

One first substrate, it comprises i) be formed on the array of display cells circuit on the dielectric base, many data line and the gate lines intersected with each other on described array of display cells circuit that distribute with matrix form, an ii) gate driver circuit, a first that is adjacent to described array of display cells circuit forms, and is used to drive described gate line;

One first polaroid is formed on described first outer surfaces of substrates;

n1 _x＝n1 _z≠n1 _y；

n2 _x＝n2 _y＝n2 _z；

n1 _x≠n2 _x；

N1 _y≠ n2 _yWith

|n1 _x-n2 _x|＜|n1 _y-n2 _y|，

34. transflective liquid crystal display as claimed in claim 33 comprises also that wherein one is used to drive the data drive circuit of described data line, a second portion that is adjacent to described array of display cells circuit forms.