CN100414330C - Method for making sampling optical-fiber grating - Google Patents
Method for making sampling optical-fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN100414330C CN100414330C CNB2005100864476A CN200510086447A CN100414330C CN 100414330 C CN100414330 C CN 100414330C CN B2005100864476 A CNB2005100864476 A CN B2005100864476A CN 200510086447 A CN200510086447 A CN 200510086447A CN 100414330 C CN100414330 C CN 100414330C
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Abstract
A sampling optical fiber grating preparing method has the character: the controlling device which the sampling period changes with the altitude direction of the swing mask plate and the duty cycle doesn't change or the duty cycle changes with the altitude direction of the swing mask plate or the sampling periodicity doesn't change, keeps the relative altitude of the sampling swing mask plate and the optical fiber in the process, so it can make the sampling optical fiber grating of different sampling period or the duty cycle by adjusting the relative altitude, also it can make the sampling optical fiber grating of sampling period or the duty cycle changing with the optical fiber axis. So it can decrease the cost and make the complex sampling optical fiber grating.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for making of sampling optical-fiber grating, belong to the fiber grating manufacture technology field, belong to the technical field of manufacturing sampling fiber grating especially.
Background technology
Sampling optical-fiber grating obtains by the sampling 102 of the index modulation 101 of common uniform fiber grating spatially being carried out all period interval, and its index modulation 103 as shown in Figure 1.Wherein the sample period is T, and in this cycle, effectively the length of grating is dT, does not have grating in the T-dT section, is spacer section.The space periodic sampling of index modulation makes sampling optical-fiber grating have the reflection peak that a plurality of wavelength intervals equate at frequency domain.Owing to have the selective transmission or the reflection potential of multi-wavelength, sampling optical-fiber grating has purposes widely, for example be used for the dense wave division multipurpose communication system as multi-channel filter, combine as the Add/drop Voice Channel device with circulator, in fiber laser,, and be used for amplifier filtering noise etc. as the frequency-selecting element.
Two key characteristics of sampling optical-fiber grating are the wavelength interval of reflection peak and the envelope trait of reflection peak, and there is different requirements in the different application field to these two characteristics.The space samples period T of sampling optical-fiber grating index modulation has determined it to reflect peak-to-peak wavelength interval:
Δλ
p＝λ
0 2/(2·n
eff·T) (1)
Total envelope of each reflection peak of sampling optical-fiber grating is the Sinc function and distributes, if definition dutycycle rz=dT/T, then the number at envelope first order internal reflection at zero point peak is n=Int (l/rz), Int (
*) expression rounds, so the number of reflection peak is inversely proportional to the sampling dutycycle in the main envelope of sampling optical-fiber grating first order decision at zero point, promptly dutycycle is more little, and sampling optical-fiber grating master envelope internal reflection peak value is many more, and the equilibrium degree of each reflection peak is good more.
The method for making of sampling optical-fiber grating has two kinds, and a kind of is to utilize phase mask to make in the process of grating, makes laser pulse carry out intermittence scanning to mask and optical fiber, therefore forms on the optical fiber to have the index modulation of cycle space interval.But this method need be controlled in real time to a lot of parameters, realize that difficulty is higher, and repeatability is bad.Also having a kind of also is that the method for making of widely using is to place one before the optical fiber in phase mask front or holography method can carry out the sampling amplitude mask version that periodicity is blocked to laser intensity when making grating with phase mask method or holography method, this amplitude mask version is the comb-like fringe structure, and its fringe period also is the wavelength interval that the sample period is determining the sampled-grating reflection peak.Because often need using, the various applications of sampling optical-fiber grating have different reflection peaks grating at interval, make sampling optical-fiber grating if adopt this method for making, then the grating of every kind of peak intervals all must be made by the amplitude mask version of corresponding sample period, and it is expensive that this man-to-man method for making is brought is self-evident.
Simultaneously, in order to realize cutting toe and forming equivalent chirp of sampling optical-fiber grating, the design proposal of the specific-assignment sampling fiber grating of dutycycle gradual change vertically and sample period gradual change vertically successively is suggested.There is the amplitude mask version that adopts the change in duty cycle mode to obey certain apodizing function to make the sampling optical-fiber grating of dutycycle gradual change in the prior art, but when making the sampling optical-fiber grating of obeying a certain apodizing function, just need the change in duty cycle mode with the identical sampling amplitude mask version of this function, still have one-to-one relationship between grating and the amplitude mask version, therefore this method for making underaction and cost are higher; This technology point out in system, to add can be program control diaphragm and shutter, the translation of control diaphragm in real time and the unlatching and the closure of rotation and shutter in the scanning manufacturing process of fiber grating, realize the length in exposed optical fiber zone and the adjustment in cycle, and then realization sampling dutycycle and the adjustment of sample period, but it is complicated because the required optical element of this method is many, and need in the preparing grating process, control in real time multiple parameters, the realization difficulty is higher, and repeatability is also bad.And do not see simple method so far as yet for the making of the sampling optical-fiber grating of sample period gradual change.The backward relatively application that has seriously restricted these two kinds of special construction sampling optical-fiber gratings of manufacturing technology.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problems, the invention provides a kind of method for making of sampling optical-fiber grating, it is characterized in that by particular design sampling amplitude mask version, make the sample period gradual change of amplitude mask version and dutycycle remains unchanged (floor map as shown in Figure 2) or make the dutycycle gradual change of amplitude mask version and the sample period constant (floor map as shown in Figure 5), in the preparing grating process, only, just can realize the making of the sampling optical-fiber grating of different qualities by the height change mode of this amplitude mask version of control.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of method for making of sampling optical-fiber grating, contain following steps;
Step 1: according to the characteristics of fiber grating manufacturing system, design sample amplitude mask version, and according to design result, on the high precision wire cutting machine in the mode of the silk of being careful, make the amplitude mask version with metal material;
Step 2: amplitude mask version and the device that highly can control automatically are used, be positioned in the manufacturing system of ordinary optic fibre grating, after the ultraviolet light that light source sends changes direction by the catoptron that becomes miter angle on the scanning platform with the light incident direction, to impinge perpendicularly on successively on convergent lens, sampling amplitude mask version, phase mask and the light-sensitive optical fibre, when placing the amplitude mask version, make its direction with gradual change sample period or gradual change dutycycle perpendicular to fiber axis to, and make the direction of the plane of amplitude mask version perpendicular to ultraviolet light incident;
Step 3: in the preparing grating process, keep amplitude mask version and fiber axis to relative height constant, it is at the uniform velocity mobile to make scanning platform drive catoptron, to realize the scanning type exposure of ultraviolet light to optical fiber, ultraviolet light periodically blocks after the sampling amplitude mask version of effect by having, formation has the exposure of space periodicity to optical fiber, and then produces sampling optical-fiber grating;
Or step 4: when making different grating, to amplitude mask version and fiber axis to relative height adjust, make the differing heights position incident of ultraviolet light from the amplitude mask version, obtain different sample periods or different dutycycles, thereby produce sampling optical-fiber grating with different reflection peaks wavelength interval or reflectance spectrum envelope trait.
A kind of method for making of sampling optical-fiber grating also can comprise following steps:
Step 3: in the preparing grating process, by programming Control to the height controllable device, adjust in real time the amplitude mask version that places on the height controllable device and fiber axis to relative height, even meeting function, the real-time change of amplitude mask version height distributes, position that ultraviolet light incides the amplitude mask version is changed in the mode of function, because gradual change sample period or dutycycle that the amplitude mask version is had on short transverse are produced the specific-assignment sampling fiber grating with axial gradual change sample period or axial gradual change dutycycle.
Or step 4: when making different grating, the height that makes the amplitude mask version is with different function generation real-time change, thereby produces sample period or the dutycycle specific-assignment sampling fiber grating that gradual manner is different vertically.
The crucial implementation step of this manufacturing sampling fiber grating method is the making of sampling amplitude mask version.Because the effect of sampling amplitude mask version is to block realization by the cycle to ultraviolet light, be the comb-like fringe structure, if make the fringe period gradual change of amplitude mask version, and width of fringe just can be realized the sample period gradual change and dutycycle is constant along equidirectional with mode gradual change in proportion; And if make the width of fringe gradual change of amplitude mask version, and keep the periodic structure of striped, just can realize the gradual change of dutycycle and the sample period constant.Therefore the design of this sampling amplitude mask version and making all are comparatively simple.
From technique scheme as can be seen, the method for making of the sampling optical-fiber grating that the present invention proposes, has easy realization, good reproducibility, the dirigibility height is fit to the batch process of sampling optical-fiber grating, and is applicable to that making has the complicated sampling optical-fiber grating of sample period or the gradual change of sampling dutycycle, help further applying of these two kinds of complicated sampling optical-fiber gratings, significant for the industrialization of this device.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. sampling optical-fiber grating core district index modulation synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2. the floor map (wherein dash area is represented the hollow out zone) of the sampling amplitude mask version that sample period gradual change and dutycycle are constant;
Fig. 3. sample period gradual change and the constant sampling amplitude mask version comb-like fringe outer edge of dutycycle are determined the geometric representation (progression less than N time) of method;
Fig. 4. sample period gradual change and the constant sampling amplitude mask version comb-like fringe outer edge of dutycycle are determined the geometric representation (progression greater than N time) of method;
Fig. 5. the floor map (wherein dash area is represented the hollow out zone) of the sampling amplitude mask version that dutycycle gradual change and sample period are constant;
Fig. 6. the manufacturing system synoptic diagram of sampling optical-fiber grating.
Embodiment
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: by the particular design to sampling amplitude mask version, the sample period that makes the amplitude mask version along the short transverse gradual change of mask and dutycycle remains unchanged or the dutycycle that makes the amplitude mask version along the short transverse gradual change of mask and the sample period constant, in the preparing grating process, only, just can realize the making of the sampling optical-fiber grating of different qualities by the height change mode of this amplitude mask version of control.Therefore the crucial implementation step of this manufacturing sampling fiber grating method is the making of sampling amplitude mask version.
The making of sampling amplitude mask version:
The floor map of the amplitude mask version that sample period gradual change and dutycycle are constant as shown in Figure 2.This sampling amplitude mask version on top obtains the sample period along the place maximal value is T1, photic zone field width dT1 (the transmission region width just is equivalent to the effective grating length in the sample period), the minimum value that obtains the sample period at the place, lower edge is T2, photic zone field width dT2 satisfies following relation: dT1/T1=dT2/T2 between the parameter.
Design process to this sampling amplitude mask version is exactly to determine the process of each pectination printing opacity fringe position.Contain following steps:
Step 1: the design (limit of establishing the close center of each printing opacity striped in the sampling amplitude mask version as shown in Figure 2 is the inside edge, and deep limit is an outer edge) of sampling amplitude mask version comb-like fringe outer edge.
Because the striate region distributes axisymmetricly, get final product so only need consider the one-sided part of its central shaft, the outer edge that can obtain striped this moment distributes as shown in Figure 3.If the striate region height is H, length is L.The oblique line on definition edge, the right from the central axis to the striate region is followed successively by the first order, the second level ... the n level.First order oblique line two summits are to last lower edge initial point O
HBe respectively sampling version the half width dT1/2 and the dT2/2 of edge striped up and down with the distance of O, and summit distance on summit to the first order oblique line is T1 on the oblique line of the second level, the following summit T2 of following vertex distance first order oblique line, distance is T1 between the last summit of third level oblique line and second level oblique line, and the distance between the summit is T2 down.In order to guarantee to utilize amplitude mask version differing heights to expose, the total length of exposure area is consistent, the shaped design of sampling amplitude mask version fringe area is a rectangle, N is afterbody oblique line (N=abs[(L-dT1/2)/T1 that intersection point is arranged with the fringe area upper edge]), when n＜N, definite method of all the other n level oblique lines all is same as this, and definite method of oblique line will be explained below during n＞N.
Determine method by above striped, can equate that rule proves Ts according to simple area
nAnd Ts
N-1Relation of equality: (wherein Os is for being the horizontal line of Hs and the intersection point of central axis apart from lower edge, striate region height, the spacing Ts of n-1 level oblique line and n level oblique line cut-point on the horizontal line that highly is Hs
N-1=AB, and n level oblique line and n+1 level oblique line cut-point spacing Ts
n=BC) since every two-stage oblique line in the striate region up and down the line segment length that cuts out of edge equate, therefore on every two-stage oblique line and the striate region between the lower edge folded trapezoidal area equate, be H then by height
sHorizontal line and n-1, n, trapezoidal ABEF that n+1 level oblique line and upper edge are cut out and the area of BCDE also are (as the shadow regions among Fig. 3) that equates because two trapezoidal upper base FE=ED, according to the trapezoidal area computing formula, the two trapezoidal AB=BC that go to the bottom, i.e. Ts
n=Ts
N-1Each line segment length that the arbitrariness of n and Hs value has determined the striped designed with the method to be partitioned on height level's line arbitrarily equates, so the sample period of the sampling amplitude mask version of cut-off rule segment length decision is uniform on any height level's line thus, utilize the arbitrary height of this edition, can realize space periodic sampling the fiber grating index modulation.
It more than is definite method of level oblique line during time less than N, when the level of oblique line time surpasses N, the horizontal spacing on summit still is T2 under the contiguous two-stage oblique line, horizontal spacing between its extended line and the upper edge extending line intersection point still is T1, so the relation between each oblique line is identical during time less than N with level, as shown in Figure 4.But because the right edge of oblique line and fringe area is crossing, so position on summit needs determine according to the intersecting point coordinate of this oblique line and fringe area right edge on it, is [L, h
m], wherein
h
m＝PS＝QP·tan(A
m)＝(N·T1-m·T2+ΔdT/2)·H/[(m-1)·ΔT+ΔdT/2] (2)
A wherein
mThe angle of representing m level oblique line and lower edge.
Step 2: the design of striped inside edge:
According to above result, just can obtain summit about the oblique lines at different levels the summit, inside edge of striped respectively to the distance of center translation dT1 and dT2, and because dT1/T1=dT2/T2, constitute also have between each oblique line of inside edge with the oblique line that constitutes outer edge between identical relation, although therefore different dutycycles of taking a sample of each highly pairing sample period equate.
Step 3: the making of specific-assignment sampling amplitude mask version:
By above analysis, can obtain the sample period gradual change and the coordinate at constant each the striped edge of dutycycle is:
● when n＜N,
The upper and lower apex coordinate of striped outer edge is respectively:
[x
n, H], [x '
n, 0], x wherein
n=dT1/2+ (n-1) T1, x '
n=dT2/2+ (n-1) T2,
The coordinate on upper and lower summit, striped inside edge is respectively: [x
n-dT1, H], [x '
n-dT2,0].
● when n 〉=N,
The coordinate on the upper and lower summit of striped outer edge is respectively: [L, h
n] [x '
n, 0],
The coordinate on upper and lower summit, striped inside edge is respectively: [L-T
nDT1/T1, h
n], [x '
n-dT2,0].
According to the actual requirements and the characteristics of preparing grating system, after determining maximum, minimum sample period T 1, T2 and the sampling dutycycle of striped in the amplitude mask version, just can calculate the apex coordinate at striped edge according to above apex coordinate formula, utilize then this coordinate data control line cutting silk course, adopt a mode of being careful on sheet metal, to cut, just can produce and have the sampling amplitude mask version of structure as shown in Figure 2.
According to above thought, also can design the dutycycle gradual change and constant sampling amplitude mask version of sample period, its floor map is as shown in Figure 5.Be characterized in that striped is a period profile, single transmission region is isosceles trapezoid, and therefore, the segment grating length from top to bottom broadens gradually in the phase weekly of transmission region width decision, and periodic structure determines its transmission region and light tight peak width summation constant, and promptly the sample period is constant.If the fringe area height is H, upper edge, striate region transmission region width is dT1, and place, lower edge transmission region width is dT2, and the cycle of striped is T, and when utilizing this edition height to expose for the position of Hs, dutycycle is
[dT1+H
s/H·(dT1-dT2)]/T (3)
According to relevant geometric relationship, can provide the dutycycle gradual change and in the constant sampling amplitude mask version of sample period in the one-period apex coordinate at edge, the isosceles trapezoid transmission region left and right sides be (summit, lower-left with the isosceles trapezoid transmission region is an initial point)
● the striped left margin coordinate on summit up and down is respectively: [(dT2-dT1)/2, H], [0,0]
● edge, the striped the right coordinate on summit up and down is respectively: [(dT2-dT1)/and 2+dT1, H], [dT2,0]
Because the periodic structure of the sampling amplitude mask version that dutycycle gradual change and sample period are constant, provide the path coordinate of one-period center line cutting silk according to above coordinate formula, make it repeatedly repeat this path then, just can produce and have the sampling amplitude mask version of structure as shown in Figure 5, multiplicity is made the grating length decision by need.
Making with sampling optical-fiber grating of different sample periods or dutycycle:
The vertical view of sampling optical-fiber grating writing system as shown in Figure 6, when making common sampling optical-fiber grating, the amplitude mask version is placed on the height controllable device (also can adopt simple brackets with height-adjustable this moment), make the amplitude mask version have the direction of gradual period or dutycycle perpendicular to optical fiber, the plane of amplitude mask version is perpendicular to the incident direction of hot spot, distance between amplitude mask version and the phase mask does not have specific (special) requirements, as far as possible near getting final product.In the grating ablation process, the ultraviolet light 602 that ultraviolet source 601 sends is through after placing the reflection of the catoptron 603 that becomes miter angle with the light incident direction on the program control mobile platform 604, assemble through convergent lens 605 again, vertical irradiation is on sampling amplitude mask version 605, phase mask 606 and light-sensitive optical fibre 609 in succession afterwards, and wherein amplitude mask version 605 is put on the height controllable device 607.
Choose the incoming position of a certain height and position of amplitude mask version as light source, and in the process of scan exposure making grating, keep this highly constant, it is at the uniform velocity mobile to make scanning platform drive catoptron, to realize the scanning type exposure of ultraviolet light to optical fiber, ultraviolet light periodically blocks after the sampling amplitude mask version of effect by having, formation has the exposure of space periodicity to optical fiber, and then produces sampling optical-fiber grating; Or, produce sampling optical-fiber grating with different reflection peaks wavelength interval by each height control to sample period gradual change amplitude mask version when making grating; To the height control of dutycycle gradual change amplitude mask version, produce sampling optical-fiber gratings in the time of also can passing through to make grating with different reflection envelope traits at every turn.
Making with sampling optical-fiber grating of axial gradual change sample period or gradual change dutycycle:
The manufacturing system of grating is the same, difference is when making this grating, need be in the manufacturing process of grating, height to the amplitude mask version is adjusted in real time, the adjustment mode can be according to the dutycycle tapering function or the sample period tapering function of required grating, utilize sample period or sampling dutycycle and corresponding relation highly on the sampling amplitude mask version, the function of sample period or dutycycle gradual change is converted into the height change function of sampling amplitude mask version.Because gradual change sample period or dutycycle that this amplitude mask version has, utilize the move mode of this function programming Control height controllable device in the preparing grating process, be equivalent to control in real time the height change of amplitude mask version, because the scanning type exposure of Ultra-Violet Laser, diverse location will incide the different sampling dutycycle or the sample periods of variation acquisition of height and position on the amplitude mask version along with light source on the optical grating axial, thereby produce the sampling optical-fiber grating that has gradual change sample period or dutycycle along optical grating axial.
Height controllable device 607 wherein can adopt and can utilize computing machine to carry out the vertical translation platform (as the TSV series translation stage of U.S. Newport company) of programming Control, and this is a kind of very ripe product.Can control platform move mode in vertical direction easily by written program on computers, thereby realize automatic control amplitude mask version height change mode.
Claims (9)
1. the method for making of a sampling optical-fiber grating is characterized in that containing following steps:
Step 1: according to the characteristics of fiber grating manufacturing system, design sample amplitude mask version, sample period is along sampling amplitude mask version short transverse gradual change and dutycycle is constant, or dutycycle along sampling amplitude mask version short transverse gradual change and the sample period constant;
And according to design result, on the high precision wire cutting machine in the mode of the silk of being careful, make sampling amplitude mask version with metal material;
Step 2: the amplitude mask version of will taking a sample is used with the device that highly can control automatically, be positioned in the manufacturing system of ordinary optic fibre grating, after the ultraviolet light that light source sends changes direction by the catoptron that becomes miter angle on the scanning platform with the light incident direction, incide successively on convergent lens, sampling amplitude mask version, phase mask and the light-sensitive optical fibre, when placing sampling amplitude mask version, make its direction with gradual change sample period or gradual change dutycycle perpendicular to fiber axis to, and make the direction of the plane of sampling amplitude mask version perpendicular to ultraviolet light incident;
Step 3: in the preparing grating process, keep sampling amplitude mask version and fiber axis to relative height constant, it is at the uniform velocity mobile to make scanning platform drive catoptron, realize the scanning type exposure of ultraviolet light to optical fiber, ultraviolet light periodically blocks after the sampling amplitude mask version of effect by having, optical fiber is formed the exposure with space periodicity, produce sampling optical-fiber grating.
2. the method for making of a kind of sampling optical-fiber grating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that this method may further include: same sampling amplitude mask version utilizing step 1 to produce, 2 modes are positioned in the preparing grating system set by step, when making different grating, to sampling amplitude mask version and fiber axis to relative height adjust, repeating step 3 afterwards, make the differing heights position incident of ultraviolet light from sampling amplitude mask version, obtain different sample periods or different dutycycles, thereby produce sampling optical-fiber grating with different reflection peaks wavelength interval or reflectance spectrum envelope trait.
3. the method for making of a sampling optical-fiber grating is characterized in that: step 1,2 with the step 1 of claim 1,2 is identical,
Step 3: in the preparing grating process, by programming Control to the height controllable device, adjust in real time the sampling amplitude mask version that places on the height controllable device and fiber axis to relative height, even the real-time change of sampling amplitude mask version height meets function and distributes, position that ultraviolet light incides sampling amplitude mask version is changed in the mode of function, produce and have the axial gradual change sample period or the axial sampling optical-fiber grating of gradual change dutycycle.
4. the method for making of a kind of sampling optical-fiber grating according to claim 3, it is characterized in that this method may further include: same sampling amplitude mask version utilizing step 1 to produce, 2 modes are positioned in the preparing grating system set by step, when making different grating, the height of order sampling amplitude mask version is produced sample period or the dutycycle different sampling optical-fiber grating of gradual manner vertically with different function generation real-time change.
5. according to the method for making of claim 1 or 3 described a kind of sampling optical-fiber gratings, it is characterized in that: sample period gradual change and the constant sampling amplitude mask version of dutycycle are characterised in that in the sampling amplitude mask version that the comb-like fringe cycle is along its short transverse gradual change and constant with the dutycycle that sample period ratio determines by width of fringe.
6. according to the method for making of claim 1 or 3 described a kind of sampling optical-fiber gratings, it is characterized in that: dutycycle gradual change and constant sampling amplitude mask version of sample period are characterised in that the width of comb-like fringe in the sampling amplitude mask version is along its short transverse gradual change, and fringe area is period profile, and the sample period is constant.
7. the method for making of a kind of sampling optical-fiber grating according to claim 2, it is characterized in that claim 2 has the following steps: adjust the height of this sampling amplitude mask version, make sampling optical-fiber grating with different reflection peaks wavelength interval or reflectance spectrum envelope trait.
8. the method for making of a kind of sampling optical-fiber grating according to claim 2, it is characterized in that claim 2 has the following steps: sampling amplitude mask version engagement height controllable device is used together, in the preparing grating process, keep the relative height of sampling amplitude mask version and optical fiber constant, adjust this relative height when making different grating, make sampling optical-fiber grating with different sample periods or dutycycle.
9. the method for making of a kind of sampling optical-fiber grating according to claim 4, it is characterized in that claim 4 has the following steps: sampling amplitude mask version engagement height controllable device, in the manufacturing process of grating, utilize the height controllable device to make the relative height generation real-time change of amplitude mask version and optical fiber, change curve determines according to required grating characteristic, make sample period or dutycycle along fiber axis to sampling optical-fiber grating with different roll-off characteristics.
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| CN101915954A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2010-12-15 | 北京交通大学 | Method for manufacturing sampling fiber bragg grating by utilizing photointerrupter |
| CN103076650B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2015-04-22 | 西南交通大学 | Method for designing fiber Bragg grating with arbitrary optical power distribution |
| KR102654870B1 (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2024-04-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Backlight unit for 3D image display and method of manufacturing the backlight unit |
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| US6344298B1 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2002-02-05 | Sabeus Photonics, Inc. | Circumferentially varying mask and fabrication of fiber gratings using a mask |
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| JP2004170476A (en) * | 2002-11-18 | 2004-06-17 | Showa Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd | Method for forming fiber bragg grating |
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| US5945261A (en) * | 1996-11-19 | 1999-08-31 | Northern Telecom Limited | Creation of Bragg reflective gratings in waveguides |
| JP2000028835A (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-28 | Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd | Mask for forming chirp grating and formation of chirp grating |
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