CN100412160C - Liquid crystal compound 4'-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Liquid crystal compound 4'-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN100412160C
CN100412160C CNB2006101390109A CN200610139010A CN100412160C CN 100412160 C CN100412160 C CN 100412160C CN B2006101390109 A CNB2006101390109 A CN B2006101390109A CN 200610139010 A CN200610139010 A CN 200610139010A CN 100412160 C CN100412160 C CN 100412160C
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decyloxy
fluoro
liquid crystal
phenylazobenzoic acid
acid
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CN1928003A (en
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张书圣
任锐
颜连忠
黄学青
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The present invention relates to one kind of substituted azophenyl carboxylate containing fluorine atom and cyan group as liquid crystal compound and its preparation process. The compound has the chemical structure of 4'-decyloxy-4- azophenyl carboxylic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyan phenyl ester. The preparation process includes the first Williamson etherification to introduce decyloxy radical to the 4'-place of p-hydroxy azophenyl carboxylic acid so as to produce 4'-decyloxy-4-azophenyl carboxylic acid; and the subsequent DCC dehydrating condensation of 4'-decyloxy-4-azophenyl carboxylic acid and 2-fluoro-4-hydroxyl phenyl nitrile to obtain the required compound. The present invention also relates to the use of the compound, and the monomer liquid crystal compound may be used in compounding composite liquid crystal for LCD.

Description

Liquid crystalline cpd-4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of organic synthesis, especially relate to a kind of replacement phenylazobenzoic acid esters liquid crystal compound and preparation method who contains fluorine atom and cyano group.
Background technology
In recent years, liquid crystalline cpd and liquid crystal material become one of focus of applied chemistry and materials chemistry research, obtained widely using in each side such as electronics, optics, acoustics, biotechnology, chemical industry, and wherein the most extensive and the most important thing is its application aspect the electronics demonstration.Along with the development of information industry, to the requirement of liquid crystal material also in continuous raising.Though the report of relevant liquid crystal material aspect is existing a lot, but they all are not suitable in the display device, must satisfy requirements such as broad operating temperature range, lower operating voltage, low-viscosity, response fast, high stability because show the liquid crystal material of usefulness.
With 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile is the advantage that the liquid crystalline cpd of intermediate has fluorinated liquid crystal and cyano group liquid crystal concurrently, be the important liquid crystalline cpd of a class that satisfies above-mentioned condition, represents the liquid crystal development trend, and therefore 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile also become intermediate important in the liquid crystal chemical industry.This intermediate is at first the most synthetic by Japanese Sumitomo Chemical Co.Ltd. as far back as nineteen eighty-two, after this people use this intermediate to synthesize hundreds of liquid crystalline cpds, these compounds all have the advantage of high clearing point, wide liquid crystal working range, low-viscosity, are suitable as the moiety of the demonstration liquid crystal material of excellent property.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of replacement phenylazobenzoic acid esters liquid crystal compound that contains fluorine atom and cyano group, its structural formula is
Figure C20061013901000031
This compound has the advantage that chemical property is stable, clearing point is high, liquid crystal range is wide, is the moiety and the photoelectric conversion material moiety of potential liquid crystal display material.
This compound is made by organic synthesis technology.The main points of the method for synthetic this compound are:
1) with the ethanol-water solution be mixed solvent, wherein the alcoholic acid volume percent is 70%~95%; Adding soluble alkali metal oxyhydroxide makes the potential of hydrogen of solution reach pH>10, in solvent, add 1-halo n-decane (so-called " halo " means that fluorine replaces, chlorine replaces, bromine replaces or iodine replaces) and p hydroxyazobenzene carboxylic acid, the ratio of both amount of substances is 2~5: 1, and the massfraction of p hydroxyazobenzene carboxylic acid in solution is 5%~30%.Under this condition, make both that condensation reaction take place.Temperature of reaction is 50~80 ℃.
2) after condensation reaction finishes, react with the ethanol-water mixed solvent solution of soluble alkali metal oxyhydroxide and the mixed solution of previous step reaction gained, remove the by product that generates in the step 1) by hydrolysis reaction, make 4 ' pure-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid.The ratio of the amount of substance of employed p hydroxyazobenzene carboxylic acid is 2~5: 1 in used solubility oxyhydroxide and the step 1), the pH of reaction system>12, and temperature of reaction is 50~80 ℃, the alcoholic acid volume percent is 60%~80% in the mixed solvent.
3) with DCC (N, the N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide) is dewatering agent, DMAP (N, the N-Dimethylamino pyridine) is catalyzer, anhydrous tetrahydro furan is a solvent, impel 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid and 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile by dehydration condensation, generate target compound 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester.The ratio of the amount of substance of DCC, 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid, 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile, DMAP is 1~1.5: 1~2: 1: 0.01~0.02, and the initial mass mark of 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile in solution is 5%~20%.Temperature of reaction is 0~30 ℃.
Figure C20061013901000042
To help to understand the present invention by following experiment, but following experiment does not limit content of the present invention.
Implement 1
1) 0.01mol p hydroxyazobenzene carboxylic acid and 0.02mol potassium hydroxide are dissolved in 60ml 95% (volume fraction) ethanol, speed with about 1ml/min dropwise adds 0.03mol bromo n-decane, back flow reaction 24h, 70% (volume fraction) ethanolic soln meter 20ml that adds 0.02mol potassium hydroxide again continues backflow 2h.Add entry 100ml, concentrated hydrochloric acid 20ml, behind the heating 15min, cold filtration with distilled water wash, drying, with 95% (volume fraction) ethyl alcohol recrystallization, obtains 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid again, is orange red tabular crystal, productive rate 50%.
2) in there-necked flask, add 0.01mol 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid and 20ml anhydrous tetrahydro furan, after stirring is dissolved it fully, DCC (the N that adds 0.01mol, the N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide), after waiting to become turbid, with 0.01mol 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile and a small amount of DMAP[4-(N, the N-dimethylamino) pyridine] be dissolved in wiring solution-forming in the 20ml anhydrous tetrahydro furan, slowly splash in the flask, about 10 ℃, stir 24h, after reaction finishes, remove by filter by product N, the N-dicyclohexylurea (DCU), adding distil water is precipitated out product in filtrate, dry back gets pure product 0.95g by column chromatography for separation, productive rate about 19%.
Implement 2
1) 0.02mol p hydroxyazobenzene carboxylic acid and 0.05mol potassium hydroxide are dissolved in 50ml 95% (volume fraction) ethanol, add 0.06mol iodo n-decane again, back flow reaction 60h.70% (volume fraction) ethanolic soln meter 45ml that adds 0.07mol potassium hydroxide afterwards continues backflow 2h.Add entry 100ml, concentrated hydrochloric acid 40ml mixes, and behind the heating 20min, cold filtration with distilled water wash, drying, with 95% (volume fraction) ethyl alcohol recrystallization, obtains 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid again, is orange red tabular crystal, productive rate 48%.
2) in there-necked flask, add 0.015mol 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid and 50ml anhydrous tetrahydro furan, after stirring is dissolved it fully, DCC (the N that adds 0.01mol, the N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide), after waiting to become turbid, with 0.015mol 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile and a small amount of DMAP[4-(N, the N-dimethylamino) pyridine] be dissolved in wiring solution-forming in the 35ml anhydrous tetrahydro furan fully, slowly splash in the flask, about 20 ℃, stir 24h, after reaction finishes, remove by filter by product N, the N-dicyclohexylurea (DCU), adding distil water is precipitated out product in filtrate, dry back gets pure product 1.58g by column chromatography for separation, productive rate about 21%.
By IR, 1H NMR method characterizes institute's synthetic compound, to confirm its structure.
IR (infrared spectra):
Cyano group (1, the stretching vibration of C ≡ N key, 2236cm -1)
Phenyl ring (2, the stretching vibration of phenyl ring carbon skeleton, 1601,1499,1581cm -1)
Carbonyl (3, C=O stretching vibration, 1739cm -1)
Carbon oxygen singly-bound (4, C-O-C stretching vibration, 1245,1141cm -1)
1HNMR (proton nmr spectra):
Figure C20061013901000052
Proton 1: δ=7.17 * 10 -6, 2H
Proton 2: δ=7.97 * 10 -6, 2H
Proton 3: δ=8.03 * 10 -6, 2H
Proton 4: δ=8.33 * 10 -6, 2H
Proton 5: δ=7.52 * 10 -6, 1H
Proton 6: δ=7.77 * 10 -6, 1H
Proton 7: δ=8.10 * 10 -6, 1H
Proton 8: δ=0.86 * 10 -6, 3H
Proton 9: δ=1.27-1.77 * 10 -6, 16H
Proton 10: δ=4.11 * 10 -6, 2H
The structure of confirming institute's synthetic compound thus is consistent with expection.
The transformation behavior of finding institute's synthetic compound by differential calorimetric scanning analysis is:
K?95?N?215?I?214?N?70?K
The transformation behavior that meets thermotropic liquid crystal.
By orthogonal polarizing microscope institute's synthetic sample is observed, sample presents orange red tabular crystal under the normal temperature under polarizing microscope, with the speed heating of sample with 5 ℃/min, the sample fusion enters liquid crystal state during to about 95 ℃, occurs a large amount of drops in the visual field, occurs numerous blackstreaks in the drop, the cross frosting phenomenon appears in infall, present typical striped texture, and flow rapidly, show that sample exists with nematic phase at present.Reheat to 215 ℃, schlieren texture reduce rapidly to disappear, and the visual field presents a slice black, shows that sample has been converted into isotropic liquid.During cooling, earlier at 214 ℃ of schlieren textures that color background occurs, become crystal again 70 ℃ of crystallizations again in the visual field.This explanation 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester is a kind of change thermotropic liquid crystal.
More than be suitable as the ideal moiety of liquid crystal composite used in the liquid-crystal display, be suitable in the used liquid crystal composite material of liquid-crystal displays such as TN, STN, TFT about the test result of liquid crystal property explanation 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester.

Claims (2)

1. a liquid crystalline cpd---4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester, its structural formula is
2. a liquid crystalline cpd---the preparation method of 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester is characterized in that
1) under the potential of hydrogen of pH>10,50~80 ℃ temperature, in solution, add 1-halo n-decane and p hydroxyazobenzene carboxylic acid, make both that condensation reaction take place, generate 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid,
2) after condensation finishes, under 50~80 ℃ of conditions, remove reactions steps 1 by hydrolysis reaction with the solution of highly basic in ethanol-water mixed solvent) in the by product that generates,
3) with N, the N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide is a dewatering agent, and N, N-Dimethylamino pyridine are catalyzer, 0~30 ℃ of reaction down, impel 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid to become 4 '-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester with 2-fluoro-4-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile dehydrating condensation.
CNB2006101390109A 2006-09-21 2006-09-21 Liquid crystal compound 4'-n-decyloxy-4-phenylazobenzoic acid-3-fluoro-4-cyanobenzene ester and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN100412160C (en)

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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4514045A (en) * 1981-06-22 1985-04-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Helichromic-smectic liquid crystal compositions and display cells
CN1434027A (en) * 2002-01-25 2003-08-06 中国科学院化学研究所 Azo structure contained fluorine-aromatic diamine and preparation process and use thereof
CN1692091A (en) * 2002-12-24 2005-11-02 旭电化工业株式会社 Perfluoroallyloxy compound and liquid-crystal composition containing the compound

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4514045A (en) * 1981-06-22 1985-04-30 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Helichromic-smectic liquid crystal compositions and display cells
CN1434027A (en) * 2002-01-25 2003-08-06 中国科学院化学研究所 Azo structure contained fluorine-aromatic diamine and preparation process and use thereof
CN1692091A (en) * 2002-12-24 2005-11-02 旭电化工业株式会社 Perfluoroallyloxy compound and liquid-crystal composition containing the compound

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