CN100397984C - 同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的方法 - Google Patents

同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的方法 Download PDF

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CN100397984C
CN100397984C CNB2006101079340A CN200610107934A CN100397984C CN 100397984 C CN100397984 C CN 100397984C CN B2006101079340 A CNB2006101079340 A CN B2006101079340A CN 200610107934 A CN200610107934 A CN 200610107934A CN 100397984 C CN100397984 C CN 100397984C
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CN1887074A (zh
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刘淇
殷帮忠
姚建
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Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Abstract

一种同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的方法,是利用在透明玻璃制作的培养皿内放入用海水浸湿的白色滤纸,再在滤纸上面间隔一定距离布置卤虫卵,盖上培养皿盖;然后放入生化培养箱中,控制温度和光照进行孵化;孵化结束后,观察计数:凡是在卤虫卵旁边有桔红色卤虫无节幼体的,表示该卤虫卵是可正常孵化的卵;凡是在卤虫卵旁边没有桔红色卤虫无节幼体,并且卵粒完整的,表示该卤虫卵是死卵;凡是在卤虫卵旁边没有桔红色卤虫无节幼体,并且卵粒有裂纹或破碎的,表示该卤虫卵是空壳卵;最后计算孵化率、死卵率、空壳率。该方法操作简单、应用方便,准确率高。

Description

同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种检测卤虫卵质量的方法,具体地说是涉及一种同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的方法。
背景技术
随着卤虫卵在水产养殖业和生物研究等领域的广泛利用,其质量问题越来越为人们所重视,其中孵化率、死卵率和空壳率是卤虫卵质量优劣的重要指标。目前的测定方法如下:
(1)、卤虫卵孵化率测定:采用数粒法:孵化前计一定数量的卤虫卵,孵化后再计孵出的无节幼体数,从而计算其孵化率;或采用密度法:第一次是对孵化前经2h浸泡的卤虫卵样品搅匀定量取样,计卤虫卵数,第二次是对孵化后的样品定量取样,计无节幼体数,从而计算其孵化率;或采用重量法:称取一定重量的卤虫卵样品,孵化后分离收集无节幼体进行称量,根据经验数据计算其孵化率。卤虫卵孵化时的操作要求是将卤虫卵放入一定的水体中(盐度20左右),在一定的光照强度下于28℃左右的水温条件下孵化18h-40h。
(2)、卤虫卵空壳率的测定:称取一定重量的卤虫卵样品,在淡水中浸泡2h后,将漂浮于水面上的卤虫卵收集起来,烘干后称重,计算空壳率。
(3)、卤虫卵死卵率的测定:卤虫卵死卵率可以和孵化率同时测定,方法是取一定数量的卤虫卵样品进行孵化,孵化后取一定量均匀分布的样品进行溶壳(通常使用次氯酸钠进行溶壳),得到孵化出的无节幼体数和未孵化的去壳卵数,从而计算出孵化率和死卵率。该方法在计算过程中不考虑卤虫卵空壳率的存在,测定的结果偏高。
上述测定方法一次只能测定1至2项指标,且在测定卤虫卵的孵化率、空壳率和死卵率时,操作也较麻烦。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有测定方法的不足,提供一种能够同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的简便方法。
本发明的测定技术方法是:
1、在透明玻璃培养皿(直径以9-15cm为宜)内放入一张用海水浸湿的白色滤纸,滤纸大小要求能铺满整个培养皿,然后再加入1-2毫升的海水,使滤纸充分浸湿。
2、在上述培养皿中放入15-60个卤虫卵,卵间距保持在0.4mm以上,盖上培养皿盖。然后放入25-30℃的生化培养箱中,控制光照强度10001ux以上,孵化25-30h.
3、孵化结束后取出培养皿,肉眼观察(必要时可使用放大镜)计数。凡是在卤虫卵旁边有桔红色卤虫无节幼体的,表示该卤虫卵是可正常孵化的卵,记作n1,n1同时也代表孵化出的卤虫无节幼体数;凡是在卤虫卵旁边没有桔红色卤虫无节幼体,并且卵粒完整(卤虫卵没有裂纹或破碎)的,表示该卤虫卵是死卵,记作n2;凡是在卤虫卵旁边没有桔红色卤虫无节幼体,并且  卵粒有裂纹或破碎的,表示该卤虫卵是空壳卵,记作n3
4、计算:孵化率=n1/(n1+n2+n3);
死卵率=n2/(n1+n2+n3);
空壳率=n3/(n1+n2+n3)。
本发明的特点是:
1、利用充分浸湿的滤纸可提供卤虫卵孵化所需要的水分,同时通过盖上培养皿盖可避免水分的大量散失.
2、利用卤虫卵孵化出的无节幼体在滤纸上基本不能游动的特点,可以准确计数并且可以判定幼体由哪个卤虫卵孵化出。
3、由于成品卤虫卵的表面是凹陷的,而且卤虫卵颗粒很小(一般1g卤虫卵有16万粒-30万粒),因此很难分辨空壳卵,而采用上述方法,由于卤虫卵吸水变圆变大,则比较容易分辨。
4、本方法操作简单、应用方便,准确率高。
具体实施方案
下面以2000年5月在黄海水产研究所实验室对黄海实业发展总公司生产的卤虫卵进行的测定为实施例做进一步说明。
1、在5个直径为9cm透明玻璃培养皿内分别放入一张用海水浸湿的白色滤纸(滤纸直径11cm),然后每个培养皿内再加入2毫升的海水,使滤纸充分浸湿。
2、在上述5个培养皿中分别放入约30-40个卤虫卵,卵间距保持在0.5mm以上,盖上培养皿盖。然后放入28℃的生化培养箱中,控制光照强度1500-20001ux,孵化28h.
3、孵化结束后取出培养皿,肉眼观察计数。结果如下表:
  培养皿编号   A   B   C   D   E   平均
  卤虫卵总数(个)   32   40   31   35   33
  可正常孵化的卵数即孵化出的无节幼体数(个) 21 27 22 26 24
  死卵数(个)   4   5   3   4   3
  空壳卵数(个)   7   8   6   5   6
  孵化率(%)   65.6   67.5   71.0   74.3   72.7   70.2
  死卵率(%)   12.5   12.5   9.7   11.4   9.1   11.1
  空壳率(%)   21.9   20   19.3   14.3   18.2   18.7

Claims (1)

1.一种同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的方法,其特征在于:
1)、在透明玻璃培养皿内放入一张用海水浸湿的白色滤纸,滤纸大小要求能铺满整个培养皿,然后再加入1-2毫升的海水,使滤纸充分浸湿;
2)、在上述培养皿中放入15-60个卤虫卵,卵间距保持在0.4mm以上,盖上培养皿盖;然后放入25-30℃的生化培养箱中,控制光照强度1000lux以上,孵化25-30h;
3)、孵化结束后取出培养皿,肉眼或使用放大镜观察计数:凡是在卤虫卵旁边有桔红色卤虫无节幼体的,表示该卤虫卵是可正常孵化的卵,记作n1,n1同时也代表孵化出的卤虫无节幼体数;凡是在卤虫卵旁边没有桔红色卤虫无节幼体,并且卵粒完整即卤虫卵没有裂纹或破碎的,表示该卤虫卵是死卵,记作n2;凡是在卤虫卵旁边没有桔红色卤虫无节幼体,并且卵粒有裂纹或破碎的,表示该卤虫卵是空壳卵,记作n3
4)、计算:孵化率=n1/(n1+n2+n3);死卵率=n2/(n1+n2+n3);空壳率=n3/(n1+n2+n3)。
CNB2006101079340A 2006-07-27 2006-07-27 同时测定卤虫卵孵化率、空壳率和死卵率的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN100397984C (zh)

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CN103598151B (zh) * 2013-11-28 2016-08-24 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 一种卤虫孵化装置及利用其孵化卤虫的方法
CN104488828B (zh) * 2014-12-18 2017-06-16 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 一种提高卤虫孢囊脱壳后孵化率的方法
CN105203702B (zh) * 2015-08-28 2017-04-12 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 一种用于测定卤虫卵纯净物质比例的方法
CN109618999A (zh) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-16 天津海友佳音生物科技股份有限公司 一种带壳卤虫卵孵化后的分离液及其分离方法

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