CN100395417C - A construction method of cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel bar or steel concrete construction in building structures. It is especially suitable for the on-site construction technology when prefabricated components are used for the densely ribbed and plateless floor of the industrial and civil buildings where the concrete is poured at one time. The floor made by the construction method of the present invention adopts a large number of prefabricated cavity components, combined with a small amount of cast-in-place concrete in the grid-like ribs to make the floor, and the floor in the formed floor is made of cavity components Composed of upper and lower end faces, it is actually a plateless hollow floor composed of prefabricated component bodies. It not only saves cost, but also its main feature is to save floor height, the thickness of the pouring floor is the same as the thickness of the cavity, the bottom surface is flat and beautiful, and the construction process is simple, the amount of concrete poured on site is small, and it can also ensure high use strength , fully meet the normal design and use requirements.

Description

A construction method of cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor

【Technical field】

The invention belongs to the technical field of steel bar or steel concrete construction in building structures. It is especially suitable for the on-site construction technology when prefabricated components are used for the densely ribbed and plateless floor of the industrial and civil buildings where the concrete is poured at one time.

【Background technique】

At present, most buildings with brick-concrete structure and frame structure use prefabricated hollow slabs as floor slabs. This kind of floor slab has the advantages of fast construction speed and low cost. As a result, not only the integrity is poor and the seismic performance is low, but also cracks and water seepage often occur in the gaps, which cause great inconvenience and psychological pressure to the residents. In order to solve the above problems, many buildings have adopted the method of cast-in-place floor slabs (solid, hollow). Although the cast-in-place floor slab solves the problems of earthquake resistance and cracking, it is uneconomical due to its large workload, heavy self-heavy, large amount of steel bars, and increased loads on columns and foundations. Prefabricated hollow slabs are suitable for small spans, are prone to cracks and leakage, and have poor structural integrity. They can only be used as one-way slabs. They have poor seismic performance and cannot resist deformation caused by factors such as uneven settlement of the foundation. Construction, cannot be used for high-rise buildings. The traditional cast-in-place rib-shaped beam-slab system exposes many primary and secondary beams or small rib beams at the bottom of the slab, which is unsightly, requires a suspended ceiling, and cannot be separated by large bays, which is not conducive to the installation of water, electricity, and air-conditioning pipelines. Its beams reduce headroom. The roof is very thin, and the sound insulation is poor. This kind of rib-shaped beam-slab system is uneconomical and has poor performance. Although some buildings are now using the ribbed slab floor technology, due to the unreasonable structure of the prefabricated components, vibrating rods cannot be used, resulting in gaps in the construction process when pouring concrete, or not dense enough, affecting the construction quality. At the same time, large-area formwork is required during construction, which seriously affects the speed of construction and increases construction costs. The current construction method of cast-in-place concrete hollow floors generally pre-embeds the cavity components in the concrete, and needs to pour reinforced concrete on the upper or lower parts of the cavity components, or even the upper and lower parts at the same time. The hollow rate is low and the weight is heavy. Extremely inconvenient, can't really solve the construction technology of hollow floor.

【Content of invention】

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple and easy construction method which greatly reduces the amount of formwork used during construction and can meet the requirements of construction quality and increase the construction speed at the same time.

In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is a construction method of cast-in-place concrete hollow floor, which is characterized in that it includes the following parts

(1) For the manufacture of cavity components, reinforced fiber mortar or reinforced concrete is used to make cuboid or inverted terrace-shaped components, which have a cavity in the middle and are stored for a certain period of time.

a. Set the template to make the main body of the cuboid or inverted terrace-shaped cavity component with the upper opening. When making the main body of the cavity component, at least one surface opening must be reserved;

b. According to the shape of the opening part reserved in the above-mentioned cavity component, support the corresponding formwork and pour mortar or reinforced concrete to make the cover part of the cavity component;

c. Before the mortar or concrete of at least one part of the main body part and the cover part of the above-mentioned cavity component is set, the above two parts are combined, bonded with cement mortar, etc., and the cavity is completed after curing. Fabrication of cavity components;

(2) The construction of the floor cover adopts the following steps,

a. Support the formwork. According to the design requirements, the formwork is set at the bottom of the hidden ribbed floor or only at the bottom of the ribs. The width of the formwork is slightly wider than the width of the bottom of the ribs;

b. Setting out the line, which is used to accurately locate the position of the rib by drawing a line on the template;

c. Place and bind the steel bars in the ribs or place steel mesh, section steel or other stress-bearing materials, install embedded parts, and make the above-mentioned steel bars be arranged orthogonally or obliquely according to the position of the drawn line;

d. Empty cavity components, and place cavity components in the intercostal space according to the design requirements;

e. Injecting concrete and vibrating, making the grid-like ribs and cavity components integral, and then performing maintenance and form removal to form the cast-in-place concrete hollow floor of the present invention.

When performing the step (1), a reinforcing rib is provided in the prefabricated cavity member.

When carrying out the above (2) step, after placing the cavity component in the grid-like rib reinforcement space, perform positioning binding or welding on the protruding reinforcing rib in the cavity component and the reinforcing bar or steel in the rib.

When reinforcing ribs are arranged in the cavity member, the reinforcing ribs are arranged in horizontal and vertical rows, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the upper surface or the lower surface of the cavity member or both upper and lower surfaces, and the reinforcing ribs protrude out of the cavity member for a certain length.

In the process of manufacturing the cavity member, before performing step c, a support corresponding to the shape of the cavity is provided in the cavity of the cavity member.

The cast-in-place concrete hollow floor is reinforced concrete or steel concrete.

The present invention obtains the following positive technical effects by adopting the above-mentioned technical solution: by adopting the cavity member in the shape of a cuboid or an inverted terrace, and at the same time cooperating with the way of intersecting dense ribs, the amount of formwork is saved in the construction process The construction speed is improved and the construction cost is greatly reduced at the same time; by adopting the method of fixing the steel bars on the cavity components with the steel bars in the grid ribs, the cavity The ribs form a whole, which increases the strength of the floor and simplifies the construction process.

【Description of drawings】

Fig. 1 is the front view of cavity member;

Figure 2 is a side view of a cavity member;

Fig. 3 is the bottom view of cavity member;

Figure 4 is a top view of a cavity member;

Figure 5 is a top view of a grid-shaped ribbed floor;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a floor with lattice ribs.

【Detailed ways】

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further described:

As shown in Figure 1-4, the component shown in the figure is made of concrete, the upper and lower ends of the component are rectangular or diamond-shaped, the side is square or inverted trapezoidal, and the middle part is a cavity with a shape corresponding to its shape. A reinforcing rib 1 is provided in the upper end surface 4, and the reinforcing rib 1 is located in the concrete and arranged parallel to the horizontal direction. When the strength requirements are high, the above-mentioned reinforcing ribs 1 can be arranged in a cross-shaped or well-shaped orderly manner, and when the size of the components is small or the strength requirements are not high, the reinforcing ribs 1 may not be provided; In the case of a very high case, reinforcing ribs 1 can also be arranged in the lower surface 2 thereof. The quantity and strength of ribs 1 and whether to configure ribs shall be determined according to the structural design requirements. Therefore, the strength and rigidity of the cavity member of the present invention are greatly improved, and at the same time, it has the characteristics of simple structure, good water tightness, light weight, convenient construction and transportation, and the like. There are reinforcing ribs 1 in the cavity member or a reinforcing mesh or a combination of the two. The reinforcing ribs 1 are respectively steel bars, prestressed steel bars, steel wires, steel fibers, fiber wires, bundles or other reinforcing bars, and the reinforcing nets are respectively reinforcing bars. , steel wire mesh, fiber mesh, non-woven adhesive cloth mesh or other reinforced cloth, mesh. These tendons, wires, and nets are used in different occasions, and the formed structures, shapes, local structures, and stress characteristics are also different. For example, steel bars bear the main force, and wires and nets mainly bear local forces and are used for crack prevention structures. Prestressed steel bars can prestress the structural bottom plate, making the structural bottom plate stronger and more resistant to deformation and cracks. Since the cavity member and the structural floor have reinforcing ribs or reinforcing nets, the strength of the entire cavity member is high, and the force transmission is more reasonable. Using this cavity member to cast a hidden rib plateless floor can be hung and carried objects of greater weight. In addition, when making the above-mentioned cavity components, the reinforcing ribs can also be provided with exposed ribs, exposed nets or exposed bundles. In this way, the exposed reinforcement or exposed mesh can better improve the bonding force between the cavity component and the cast-in-place rib, effectively prevent the cracking of the joint interface between the cast-in-place and prefabricated, and is conducive to the force transmission and coordinated force of the floor. The structures, shapes and effects formed by tendons, exposed nets or exposed bundles are not exactly the same.

In the cavity component mentioned above, the thickness of the side surface 3 is preferably smaller than the thickness of the upper end surface 4 and the lower surface 2, so that the weight of the entire cavity component can be better reduced. The outer surface of the cavity member is a corrugated or toothed or brushed or rough surface in other shapes. In this way, the cavity member can better enhance the bond between it and the rib when it is applied to the floor. The cavity component is a layered structure with at least two layers, consisting of a layer of cementing material, a layer of cloth or net, a layer of cementing material, a layer of cloth or net, and a layer of cementing material. The cloth or net is at least more than one floor. The cement can be various types of cement, resin or organic or inorganic or mixed adhesives, and aggregates or fillers can also be added appropriately. As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, there is also a support in the above-mentioned cavity, the shape of the support is cross-shaped, the height of the support should generally be the same as the height of the inner space of the cavity, such an arrangement can make the upper , The lower surface bears the pressure together through the action of the support to prevent the upper surface from being crushed. The supports are made of reinforced fiber cement mortar, reinforced concrete, wood, organic compounds or other materials. When the size of the cavity member is large or requires high strength, the well-shaped support can be used, and when the size of the cavity member is small or the strength requirement is low, the straight support or no support can be used pieces. In addition, there is another way of filling the cavity. Part or all of the cavity is filled or pasted with foam plastic, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, foamed or aerated lightweight concrete, rock wool, mineral wool or glass wool and other lightweight materials. Material. In this way, the cavity component has better thermal insulation, heat insulation and sound insulation properties, and the structure of different materials has different functions and functions, and different filling methods can be selected according to the actual design. Holes for threading pipes or pre-buried threading sleeves can also be reserved on the cavity member, which is more convenient for the layout and construction of network cables.

The following is the manufacturing process of the above-mentioned cavity components. First, the formwork is supported. The support of the formwork generally adopts a movable formwork with hinge connection, that is, it is made on the formwork on the lower bottom of the cavity component and connected to other parts through hinges. Four side formworks, the above-mentioned formwork is in the shape of an open box when used, and a mortar or concrete layer is poured on the side and lower bottom of the formwork. The thickness of the layer is determined by the design requirements, so that the middle part forms a cavity structure. The upper surface of the cavity component is made separately, and reinforcing ribs are laid according to the design requirements, and then poured with mortar or concrete to form a flat plate, wherein the reinforcing ribs are exposed to a certain length outside the component. When the above-mentioned two parts of the box body are guaranteed to be in a semi-dry state, they are combined. During the combination, cement mortar can also be added to the joint to make it more firmly bonded. When the strength of the box is required to be high, it is necessary to place supports in the cavity before assembly to further increase the strength of the cavity components. Finally, after curing, the overall fabrication of the cavity component is completed.

As shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the use process of the cavity member in the present invention. As shown in Fig. 6, the above-mentioned cavity member is placed in a mesh-shaped dense rib whose size and size correspond to the cavity, and a steel bar 8 is arranged inside the above-mentioned rib. The construction process of the floor is generally as follows. First, according to the design requirements, determine the spacing, section, and reinforcement of the dense ribs, and use these data to determine the size of the cavity member, the number of ribs used and the arrangement of the ribs, and the size of the support. According to data such as size and strength, make corresponding cavity components.

The process is to first set up the formwork on the construction site, and the support of the formwork can only be set up under the grid-shaped ribs. Because the concrete is only poured in the grid ribs during the pouring process, it is not necessary to pour concrete like a general construction middle building. Formwork is all supported under the cover, and the formwork support method is the same as in the traditional construction method. After the formwork is supported, start the process of setting out the line; setting out the line is carried out according to the position and distribution of the rib at the time of design, and drawing the line is mainly to determine the exact position of the rib; The cavity member is in the grid space. During the process of placing the cavity member, the reinforcing rib protruding from the cavity member can be fixed to the steel bar or steel in the grid rib. Specifically, welding, binding, etc. can be used. fixed way. The reinforcing ribs in the cavity member and the steel bars in the ribs are fixed together, so that the poured floor forms a whole, increases the strength and rigidity of the floor, and at the same time facilitates the dislocation caused by vibrating concrete during the pouring process Phenomenon; then pour the concrete, vibrate it, and finally maintain it.

The floor made by the above method is to use a large number of prefabricated cavity components, combined with a small amount of cast-in-place concrete in the grid ribs, to make the floor, and the floor in the formed floor is composed of two upper and lower cavity components. The end face is actually a plateless hollow floor formed by the prefabricated component body. Since the concrete pouring in the present invention is only used in the grid-shaped ribs, the pouring process is simple, the construction difficulty is low, and at the same time, no voids will be generated to affect the construction quality. Finally, maintenance and demolition of the formwork are carried out. The floor made by using the above construction method not only saves cost, but also its main feature is to save the floor height, the thickness of the poured floor is the same as the thickness of the cavity, the bottom surface is flat and beautiful, and the construction process is simple, and the amount of concrete poured on site Less, but also to ensure high strength, fully meet the normal design and use requirements.

Claims (6)

1. A construction method of cast-in-place concrete hollow floor, is characterized in that, comprises the following parts: (1) For the manufacture of cavity components, reinforced fiber mortar or reinforced concrete is used to make cuboid or inverted terrace-shaped components, which have a cavity in the middle and are stored for a certain period of time. a. Set the template to make the main body of the cuboid or inverted terrace-shaped cavity component with the upper opening, and ensure that at least one surface opening is reserved when making the cavity component main body; b. According to the shape of the opening part reserved in the above-mentioned cavity component, support the corresponding formwork and pour mortar or reinforced concrete to make the cover part of the cavity component; c. Before the mortar or concrete of at least one part of the main part and the cover part of the above-mentioned cavity component is set, the above two parts are combined, bonded with cement mortar, and the cavity is completed after curing fabrication of components; (2) The construction of the floor cover adopts the following steps, a. Support the formwork. According to the design requirements, the formwork is set at the bottom of the hidden ribbed floor or only at the bottom of the ribs. The formwork is wider than the bottom of the ribs; b. Setting out the line, which is used to accurately locate the position of the rib by drawing a line on the template; c. Place and bind the steel bars in the ribs or place the steel mesh or welded steel stress material, install the embedded parts, and make the above steel bars, steel mesh or steel be arranged in an orthogonal or oblique shape according to the position of the drawn line ; d. Empty cavity components, and place cavity components in the intercostal space according to the design requirements; e. Injecting concrete and vibrating to form a whole of grid-like ribs and cavity components, and then performing maintenance and formwork removal to form a cast-in-place concrete hollow floor. 2. A kind of cast-in-place concrete hollow floor construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: When performing the step (1), a reinforcing rib is provided in the prefabricated cavity member. 3. The construction method of a kind of cast-in-place concrete hollow floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: when carrying out the (2) step, after placing the cavity member in the grid-like rib steel bar or the section steel space, , Position and bind or weld the protruding reinforcing ribs in the cavity member and the reinforcing bars or steel bars in the ribs. 4. The construction method of a cast-in-place concrete hollow floor according to claim 2, characterized in that: when reinforcing ribs are arranged in the cavity member, the reinforcing ribs are arranged horizontally and vertically in rows, and the reinforcing ribs are placed on the sides of the cavity member. The upper surface or the lower surface or both upper and lower surfaces are provided, and the reinforcing rib extends out of the cavity member for a certain length. 5. The construction method of a cast-in-situ concrete hollow floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the process of making the cavity component, before performing step c therein, setting Supports corresponding to the shape of the cavity. 6. The construction method of a cast-in-place concrete hollow floor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cast-in-place concrete hollow floor is reinforced concrete or steel concrete.

Images