CN100395036C

CN100395036C - Double-fluid nozzle

Info

Publication number: CN100395036C
Application number: CNB031030580A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙泰炎; 魏淑娴
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-01-22
Filing date: 2003-01-22
Publication date: 2008-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2023-01-22
Also published as: CN1519056A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a double fluid nozzle which comprises a vortex mixing module and a mixing chamber for injecting liquid and gas, wherein the vortex mixing module comprises a mixing chamber, and at least one liquid inlet communicated with the mixing chamber. The liquid/air mixing fluid at the liquid inlet produces a vortex and forms a fluid with bubbles. The module is provided with a concentric trunnion rod, and the downstream of trunnion rod is provided with an impact component which provides a measure for the liquid stream and forms a spray angle to ensure that the liquid stream maintains axial symmetry both in the quality and the speed; a gas channel is arranged in the trunnion rod, and the outlet of the gas channel is on the downstream side of a baffler; the trunnion rod provides a device for cleaning the surface of the trunnion to eliminate large liquid drops on the surface of the trunnion to prevent any detrimental residue hard layers from accumulating; the device for cleaning the trunnion cools the surface of the applications which need high temperature to prevent the nozzle of a trunnion spoke from being damaged caused by corrosion and prevent the spray quality from being impaired caused by a hard coking layer on the surface of the trunnion; at the same time, the present invention solves the drawbacks which comprise the anisomerous spray distribution in the mixing chamber and the impairment of spray angular momentum caused by the spoke.

Description

Two-fluid spray nozzle

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of nozzle, refer to a kind of two-fluid spray nozzle especially.

Background technology

The atomization of liquid is in various commercial Application, such as agricultural sprinkling, evaporative cooling, mud drying, flue gas wash away, the burning of dust arrester and oil burner is handled etc., one of effective method when forming the maximized liquid of total surface area.The atomising mechanism that is used for designs of nozzles has two kinds: pressure atomizer (single fluid) and dual-flow atomizer.The single fluid pressure atomizer is utilized liquid pressure energy conversion, and in liquid when atomizer ejects, form high-speed liquid injections/film, reach droplet by this and atomize.Because bringing out property turbulent flow energy is contained at atomizer outlet periphery in gas field on every side, so further high velocity jet/the film of emitting is cut into droplet.This kind atomizer is widely used in the application of multiple low flow rate, yet in high flow rate required, the high velocity jet/film that produces from pressure atomizer became thick much thick, make its difficulty to depend merely on surrounding air promptly aerosolizable.Its means to save the situation is to use two-fluid spray nozzle, penetrates fluid again after introducing gas-pressurized and liquid mixing, and improves the atomizing when the high flow rate condition by this.In microcosmic, when this kind two-fluid spray nozzle is operated, under pressure, introduce gas, make it in the nozzle box with liquid agitation and mix, to produce the countless trickle bubbles that are trapped in the liquid, so cause liquid viscosity and surface tension significantly to reduce (liquid that is loaded with bubble), and cause thinner spraying.With regard to technical, the atomizer that relates in this kind liquid disintegration process is shaped on two: first atomizing is reached at jet expansion, it expands suddenly when being trapped in bubble in the liquid and reducing via pressure and therefore forms fast moving and dense fine droplets spraying, then the end stream shearing that is produced by surrounding air imports secondary-atomizing, the breakup of drop of high-speed mobile is become trickleer spraying, and back one process has identical atomizing mechanism spirit with the aforementioned pressure atomizer.Usually, two-fluid spray nozzle is owing to have a higher flow rate ability, and can produce trickleer drop (also being called turndown ratio) in quite broad opereating specification, so have wider purposes in commercial Application.

About two-fluid spray nozzle, Fig. 8 is a quite effectively prior art design.This nozzle utilizes a nozzle cover 1000 assist in generating drops, and among Fig. 8, nozzle cover 1000 comprises a housing 1005, one trunnions 1010, and most spoke 1015 that supports is in order to support and to engage trunnion 1010 and housing 1005.Trunnion 1010 comprises an inlet impulse plate 1020, one pushing and drawing shape axles 1025, and an outlet deflection plate 1040 (see figure 9)s.This commonly uses product can make liquid stream vertically penetrate on impulse plate 1020, to form fluid film on the two surface of impulse plate 1020 and spoke 1015.The whirling motion atomizing air (not shown) of introducing from impulse plate 1020 upstreams, subsequently with spoke between in the channel and the fluid film in the shape channel in the annular channel in downstream of trunnion 1025 outer surfaces and 1035 definition of housing 1005 inner surfaces mix.Another located by prior art as shown in figure 10, the prior art of this Change In Design Fig. 8 is placed retaining wall 1051 on each spoke 1052, with when liquid and air mix in nozzle, reduce the liquid measure that flows on the spoke 1052, improves nozzle usefulness by this.

These designs are all quite effective with atomizing to reaching the gas/liquid mixing, yet, also all be subjected to certain restriction:

1. when nozzle is used to penetrate the liquid that contains abrasive particles or pollutant, may corrode on the

spoke

1015 or 1052, cause trunnion impaired, cause the nozzle fault.

2. when the whirling motion air is introduced into the mixing chamber (not shown) of nozzle and mixes with impulse plate 1020 and spoke 1015 the two lip-deep liquid, the spoke downstream may produce some air force wake flows, in the wake zone of nozzle box (spoke 1015 downstreams), the speed of mixed liquor stream and all significantly reductions of angular momentum, and its distribution may to become non axial symmetry crooked.Crooked mobile sample attitude diffuses through jet expansion subsequently, and causes uneven spraying.This kind the possibility of result usefulness of nozzle in several extensive uses that seriously detracts, for example, its usefulness in industrial fuel oil device heating furnace that detracts is because the uniformity of spraying and the angular momentum of properly keeping thereof are the key factors that forms the retention flame in the oil burner.

3. collide deflection plate 1040 backs and when forming when sparging, intracardiacly in surface 1040 spraying nearby of baffler 1039 can form also that a pressure is lower, the recirculation zone of axial symmetry.In this low pressure recirculation zone, the fine droplets in the spraying can be inhaled the downstream surface to baffler backwards, and forms big drop on this surface, is called and adheres to.In some cases, this process can quite seriously endanger the spraying quality.For example, in oil burner burning or the application of mud heat treated, when the radiant heat in the heating furnace rose the baffler surface temperature, in the spraying of accumulation, the fine droplets of some recirculation may form multilayer and do bright/coking on the baffler downstream surface 1040.After experience a period of time, be positioned at the accumulation of mud or the coking layer of hardening on the top, baffler edge in the oil burner shell, can make the sharp-pointed edge of profile become the circle rust, cause spreading of spray to dwindle, form thicker drop in causing spraying.The powder production quality that the nozzle that is subjected to this kind restriction can detract that mud is dry in handling, perhaps, the wadding that it can badly damaged burner causes unsettled flame.The coking layer that gathers on the oil burner trunnion surface damages trunnion, will further itself cause hot spot on the trunnion surface, and is last and damage trunnion, causes nozzle to lose efficacy.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of two-fluid spray nozzle with automatic cleaning apparatus.

For achieving the above object, solution of the present invention is: a kind of two-fluid spray nozzle, and it comprises a mixing arrangement, comprising a mixing chamber that is provided with downstream opening; First fluid inlet device for first fluid flows through is communicated with this mixing chamber; For the second fluid second fluid passing inlet device, axially being communicated with this first fluid inlet device, first fluid mixes in the first fluid inlet device with second fluid and forms a fluid-mixing, and two fluids also enter mixing chamber and carry out the secondary mixing; One through hole body engages in downstream with mixing arrangement, and has one this fluid-mixing discharged the exhaust openings of this nozzle; One lock uint engages mixing arrangement and through hole body.

Described two-fluid spray nozzle, it also comprises: a baffle means engages with mixing arrangement, and comprises that the baffler head of a columnar body of rod, a dish type, this baffler head comprise the upstream face that impacted by this fluid-mixing; One metering device, it is a predetermined channel gap, is located between the outlet edge of exhaust openings on baffler head upstream face and this through hole body.

Described two-fluid spray nozzle, its baffler head is the axle center symmetric figure.

Described two-fluid spray nozzle, its baffler head also comprises surface, a downstream; This downstream surface is installed a fluid channel, and it comprises that one is positioned at the gap between central tube on this body of rod, at least one cleaning disc surface of being located at this baffler head downstream surface and mixing arrangement in order to the communication apparatus and that connects a ring-shaped groove on this body of rod and this baffler head.

After adopting said structure, nozzle usefulness and operation lifetime thereof have significantly to be promoted, the reasons are as follows: first, with fuel with in gas is introduced the grooving of identical tangent direction on the mixing module simultaneously, not only can use smaller and more exquisite vortex design to promote the degree of mixing of two kinds of fluids, and improve the turndown ratio of nozzle because when hanging down flow rate condition, can form more stable pneumatic eddy current; The second, in the trunnion body of rod, quote through case top gas cleaning device among the present invention, can eliminate the problem that takes place in the prior art fully, comprise that causing living nozzle by the erosion of trunnion spoke damages, and the spraying quality that the hard coking layer in trunnion surface causes is impaired; Simultaneously, the shortcoming in the prior art comprises that interior asymmetric spraying distribution of mixing chamber and the spreading of spray momentum that causes because of spoke detract, and also obtain improvement greatly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view of preferred embodiment one of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the forward sight three-dimensional exploded view of vortex mixing module;

Fig. 3 is the rear perspective exploded view of vortex mixing module;

Fig. 4 is the front view of preferred embodiment one of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the cut-away view of Fig. 4 along the A-A face;

Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing in the dotted line district among Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is the cut-away view of another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the rear perspective view of a prior art nozzle cover;

Fig. 9 is the front perspective view of a prior art nozzle cover;

Figure 10 is the rear perspective view of another prior art nozzle cover.

The specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of two-fluid spray nozzle, it comprises vortex mixing module 3, module adapter 1, bearing 9, wherein:

Vortex mixing module 3 (cooperating shown in Fig. 2,3,4) comprises vortex case 30, through hole body 50, trunnion body 60 and disk body 80, and vortex case 30 is a cylinder, establishes mixing chamber 32 on it, and mixing chamber 32 is between surface 34 to surface 36.The surface 34 terminal taper convex face 38 that form, its angle can cooperate with the surface 54 on the through hole body 50, produce the surface contact that aligns automatically when assembling in the scope of 90 to 150 degree.Vortex case 30 is end in addition, as shown in Figure 3, establishes a surge chamber 40, between surface 42 to surface 44.On the cylindrical wall of mixing chamber 32 sides, prepare the slotted eye 35 of one group of equidistant separation, so that 32 connecting pipe to be provided from the case outside to mixing chamber in modes such as millings.Slotted eye 35 is shown tangent direction greatly and is located on the cylindrical wall, when being beneficial to first fluid and importing mixing chambers 32 from through hole body 50 outsides via slotted eye 35, can bring out the eddy current of a turn.In each slotted eye 35, all establish one with the parallel hole 37 of vortex case 30 cylinder axis, till hole 37 extends to predetermined altitude on surge chamber 40 wall surfaces 46 from the top of slotted eye bottom by

vortex body surface

36,44 definition.Shown in Fig. 2,3, hole 37 is positioned at slotted eye 35, and its diameter is not more than slotted eye 35 width, and the edge of the extremely close mixing chamber 32 in its edge.When surge chamber 40 sides were watched, pore 37 parts pierced surge chamber 40 wall portions, till the height shown in the surface 46.The distance that surface 46 is 44 to the surface is for predetermined, with guarantee from surge chamber 40 to the hole 37 flow channels opening greater than the cross section in hole 37 itself.Thisly be configured to utilize hole 37 exposing in surge chamber 40/interface partly,, mix, subsequently, when the fluid that mixes enters mixing chamber 32, produce a turn eddy current to guide second fluid to enter liquid slotted eye 35 and produce by hole 37 as introducing port before.In some other situation, when designed mixing chamber during less than the configuration shown at present, or when the axis bevel (not shown) of pore 37 relative vortex cases 30 was holed, hole 37 may not have a common boundary with the wall portion of surge chamber 40, and when the top that surperficial 44 constitute, stop.When these situations, with regard to the present invention's spirit, the function of mixing chamber is identical, and the benefit of this kind structure is that two formula liquid/gas mixing efficiencies of soaking can be provided, and because allow the slotted eye of two kinds of fluids, so the geometrical construction of its vortex is very small and exquisite by same tangent.

As shown in Fig. 2,3, columnar through hole body 50 is established a central through hole 52, and its size is not more than mixing chamber 32 internal diameters.The upstream face 54 of through hole body 50 is the taper inner concavity, and its angle is identical with surface 38 angles of vortex case 30, between 90 to 150 degree, so that in assembly process suitably sealing each other.At surperficial 54 opposition sides, form the ledge surface 56 of an approximate vertical port body axis, with when vortex mixing module 3 is assembled into nozzle adapter 1 (shown in figure 1,4), reach the purpose of seal fluid.Flange outside diameter i.e. surface 59, and its size just can keep a close gap with the auxiliary section of adapter 1, aligns when assembling for nozzle.

As shown in Figure 7, be another embodiment of the present invention, the through hole 52 of through hole body 50 has the venturi shaped structure, and the internal diameter of its wall portion dwindles gradually along the channel of through hole, back increases gradually to minimum dimension again.This embodiment is applicable to that the atomization gas supply is quite low and mainly mix the inhomogeneity situation of back fluid by the decision of liquid distributions.

Shown in Fig. 2,3, trunnion body 60 comprises the body of rod 62 of a general cylindrical shape, and one roughly is plate-like and is drilled with the baffler head 64 of a central through hole 65.Upstream face 66 on the baffler head 64 is roughly vertical with pin axis, and the external diameter of baffler head 64 is slightly less than the minimum diameter of through hole 52.This kind structure can provide good turnover when the whole vortex vortex module of assembling is one.Form a concentric ring-shaped groove 68 on baffler head 64 downstream side surface, remaining surface is divided into two annular surfaces 70 and 72.Annular surface 70 is lower than annular surface 72 through turning.One group of slotted eye 74 of cutting on the annular surface 72, and have certain degree of depth, so that 68 of centre bore 65 and ring-shaped grooves provide a plurality of radial passages.Disk body 80 surfaces 82 its diameters are not more than the diameter of baffler head 64.At last to be sealed in such as the welding mode on the surface 72.Utilize this kind structure, between baffler head 64 annular surfaces 70 and disk body 80 surfaces 82, form a gap 76 (with reference to shown in Figure 6).When assembling trunnion body 60 and disk body 80, form a gas pipeline, by gas channel hole 65, each slotted eye 74, ring-shaped groove 68, and annular gap 76 constitute, subsequently on the predetermined axial location of trunnion body 60 bodies of rod 62, these assembly parts are engaged in centre-drilling hole 39 on vortex case 30 tops.When the outlet edge 58 of through hole body 50 is assembled into one with baffler head surface 66, form a predetermined gap therebetween, this predetermined gap is a nozzle metering channel, in order to the two flow capacity of definition gas and liquid, and forms the spreading of spray shape.The juncture of trunnion body 60 and vortex case 30, available welding or other method, as be spirally connected etc.

Bearing 9 (seeing shown in Fig. 1,4) uses drum capitate barred body to make, and the one end is provided with external screw thread 92, and the other end then is provided with O shape ring sealing 94.Establish a central through hole 98 on the bearing 9.O shape ring sealing 94 connects an external pipe, enters nozzle with guiding gas via centre bore 98, and it can also replace the sealing of O shape ring with interior or external screw thread, to reach the connection purpose.On bearing 9 outer surfaces 104, form two parallel flat surfaces 96, so that the usefulness of moment of torsion to be provided when assembling.Screw thread 92 upper edge entire axial length are cut the slotted eye 100 of establishing one group of preset width and the degree of depth and equi-spaced apart, so that the fluid pipeline of the nozzle after the assembling when the operation to be provided.

Adapter 1 (seeing Fig. 1,4) is provided with external screw thread 14 and internal thread 12, in order to ccontaining vortex mixing module 3 and bearing 9.In internal thread 12 downstreams, be drilled with a ring-shaped groove 16, and between surface 18 and the surface 20, also be drilled with a tight mesopore 19 with one heart, in order to the lip diameter 59 of assembling through hole body 50.When vortex mixing module 3 is put into adapter 1 (Fig. 1,4), the ledge surface 56 of through hole body 50 can arrive at the bottom and the sealing on adapter 1 surface 15.Simultaneously, with trunnion body 60 and clean the vortex case 30 that disk body 80 is combined as a whole, by 42 compactings of the surface 102 of bearing 9 from the over body case rear surface.Via the pressure effect of bearing 9, vortex case 30 closely contact and concentric aligning because of the tapered mating surface that is provided with on it with 50 the two meeting of through hole body.This pressure makes through hole body 50 surfaces 56 and 15 on adapter 1 surface produce tightening seal equally.

Have in another possible embodiments of spirit of the present invention, utilize the through hole body 50 that makes up with adapter 1, as a whole joint portion (not shown).When this situation, the pattern on the through hole body 50 such as conical surface 54 and through hole 52, all is the some of adapter 1.This kind structure is very easily implemented, and its benefit is to reduce part sum of the present invention, but can limit the material selectivity between adapter and through hole, and sometimes, the material between through hole body 50 and the adapter 1 is selected, may be extremely important to the success or failure of some nozzle application.

As shown in Figure 7, through hole body 200 holes 210 are convergent-divergent shape or venturi shaped channel.It concentrates in the less zone, a cross section fluid of mixing earlier, and then is discharged into the ejaculation device, is used for the atomization gas consumption rate when restricted, and it is comparatively even that spraying is distributed; The trunnion body of rod 300 stream device heads 310 upstream face 320 with the angle of taper of baffler head, form the spreading of spray shape for taper.

During combination, vortex mixing module 3 places in the adapter 1, and ledge surface 56 through adapter 1 surperficial 15 bottoms of through hole body 50.Bearing 9 screws in the internal thread 12 of adapters 1, and with surperficial 102 driving fits on case 30 surfaces 42.By this, the flange 56 of through hole body 50 is also by adapter 1 surface, 15 sealings.During nozzle operation, be extracted to the pipeline of adapter

internal thread

12 and 104 settings of bearing 9 outer surfaces from the liquid of upstream source (not shown), then via the slotted eye on the bearing 9 100, flow between screw thread 12 and case 30 outer surfaces, enter in the doughnut that defines between adapter 1 groove 16 and vortex case 30 outer surfaces, liquid is launched in the cutting slotted eye 35 of vortex case 30 tangent directions subsequently.

Simultaneously, be imported into bearing 9,, flow to the surge chamber 40 of vortex case 30 by the central through hole 98 of bearing 9 from the gas-pressurized of gas source (not shown).Gas is most as atomization gas, be imported into the pore 37 on case 30 tops, and impingement flow is through the liquid of slotted eye 35.The liquid/gas fluid of premix is launched into mixing chamber 32 subsequently in slotted eye, forms eddy current.In this process, form countless trickle bubbles, be trapped in the liquid.The mixed fluid that is loaded with bubble moves from mixing chamber subsequently, by by through hole body 50 through holes 52 and the defined annular channel of trunnion 60 bodies of rod 62 outer surfaces, flow on the vortex mixing module 3 always by between the edge 58 of through hole body 50 and baffler head 64 surfaces 66 apart from defined metering zone.When being loaded with the bubble fluid by the module metering zone, reduce the abrupt expansion of vapor bubbles of bringing out in the fluid because of pressure, fluid is quickened and make liquid crushing become trickle drop, the high speed drop in this liquid stream runs into the secondary-atomizing that cause in the flow field of being brought out by leakage current on every side subsequently.Simultaneously, in vortex case 30 surge chambers 40, a scheduled volume gas is arranged, be called purge gas, as shown in Figure 6, be guided through ring-shaped groove 68 on trunnion body 60 centre bores 65, each slotted eye 74, the baffler head 64, and gap 76, thoroughly clean baffler head 64 downstream surface 70 edges.

Claims

1. two-fluid spray nozzle is characterized in that: comprise a mixing arrangement, comprising a mixing chamber that is provided with downstream opening; First fluid inlet device for first fluid flows through is communicated with this mixing chamber; For the second fluid second fluid passing inlet device, axially being communicated with this first fluid inlet device, first fluid mixes in the first fluid inlet device with second fluid and forms a fluid-mixing, and two fluids also enter mixing chamber and carry out the secondary mixing; One through hole body engages in downstream with mixing arrangement, and has one this fluid-mixing discharged the exhaust openings of this nozzle; One lock uint engages mixing arrangement and through hole body.

2. two-fluid spray nozzle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it also comprises: a baffle means engages with mixing arrangement, and comprises that the baffler head of a columnar body of rod, a dish type, this baffler head comprise the upstream face that impacted by this fluid-mixing; One metering device, it is a predetermined channel gap, is located between the outlet edge of exhaust openings on baffler head upstream face and this through hole body.

3. two-fluid spray nozzle as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: its baffler head is the axle center symmetric figure.

4. two-fluid spray nozzle as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: its baffler head also comprises surface, a downstream; This downstream surface is installed a fluid channel, and it comprises that one is positioned at the gap between central tube on this body of rod, at least one cleaning disc surface of being located at this baffler head downstream surface and mixing arrangement in order to the communication apparatus and that connects a ring-shaped groove on this body of rod and this baffler head.