CN100392317C - Flow structure of controlling liquid continuously flowing in micro-pipeline - Google Patents
Flow structure of controlling liquid continuously flowing in micro-pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN100392317C CN100392317C CNB2006100659527A CN200610065952A CN100392317C CN 100392317 C CN100392317 C CN 100392317C CN B2006100659527 A CNB2006100659527 A CN B2006100659527A CN 200610065952 A CN200610065952 A CN 200610065952A CN 100392317 C CN100392317 C CN 100392317C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a flow path structure for controlling liquid to continuously flow in a micro-pipeline, which comprises a main micro-pipeline an accessory micro-pipeline communicated the main micro-pipeline. The present invention is characterized in that a bluff body is arranged in the confluence area of the main micro-pipeline and the accessory micro-pipeline. In the present invention, the bluff body is arranged in the confluence area of the two micro-pipelines, the passive valve effect of the confluence area which naturally exists is effectively enhanced, a first jet of liquid reaches the bluff body in the confluence area, and before a second jet of liquid reaches, flow can be stopped temporally. The present invention realizes the non-bubble amalgamation of two jets of liquid after the second jet of liquid reaches the bluff body through the timely removal of the driving force of the first jet of liquid. The present invention uses the passive valve effect, and simultaneously, any alteration and surface treatment do not need to be doen to the size of a microtubule, and therefore, the complexity and the difficulty of microprocessing are greatly reduced. The present invention can be widely used for the flow control of various kinds of liquid in the microtubule.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flow passage structure, particularly about the flow passage structure of a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flow in the microtubule road.
Background technique
At present, the miniature integrated analytical equipment that is referred to as " micro-full analytical system " or " chip lab " being is all actively is being researched and developed in the whole world.These equipment are mainly used in the operation of the fluid sample of trace being carried out various automations, comprise sample difference drawing-in system with multiple separation, the interaction that allows their contacts and generation expect is then to the last carried out check and analysis and is converted to the various signals that one will understand that the result.
In the system of microminiaturization, allowing respectively the flowing liquid sample merge mutually is to allow them produce interactional necessary condition, and the general type of fusion is: they are driven into a confluence area in pipeline separately, to form a common downstream flow.In actual conditions, because their flow resistance or driving force can not accomplish to mate fully, another burst 1 arrival pipeline remittance place mutually a little earlier of one flowing fluid ratio wherein often is carried in downstream into mobile with regard to causing being sandwiched in air in the middle of these two strands of liquid like this.This realization to many downstreams function can produce adverse influence, is a uniform liquid phase medium and undoped the sky gas phase inside because usually wish the liquid mixture that is further processed.
In order to address this problem, people have designed a kind of structure of hydrophoby vent.Vent is located at the upstream position of next-door neighbour's confluence area, can open on any therein fluid pipeline, also can respectively open one on two fluid pipelines, directly links to each other with atmosphere.The internal surface of vent has been done the hydrophoby processing, and in the process of flow direction confluence area, the gas in the pipeline can freely be discharged from vent like this.This principle really implements, also needs in time vent to be closed, otherwise, utilize under the situation of pressure as liquid driven power many, in case liquid flows through vent fully, vent just becomes leakage hole.Therefore, in general, the structure of hydrophoby vent also must could be used in conjunction with a feedback control system.
Another approach then is to utilize so-called passive valve effect, avoids forming in pipeline bubble from the beginning.The passive valve effect is meant by the tip dimensions of micro fine pipe and confluence area joint is dwindled, and makes the liquid that flow to this place must overcome a reverse surface tension, just can enter within the confluence area.If can utilize this effect that first kind of liquid is temporarily rested on outside the pipeline confluence area, allow second kind of liquid flow to confluence area then, both liquid heads just can perfectly merge so.But this passive valve effect has certain threshold value, and liquid is mainly used to overcome the pipeline flow resistance and the back pressure that forms can not surpass this threshold value.In order to accomplish this point, the driving force of first kind of liquid must remove or be reallocated timely, and this action can realize by a feedback control to flow of fluid usually; In addition, after pipeline confluence area complete wetting, the passive valve effect of this structure disappears substantially, and the liquid tail that will make two strands of liquid also can be realized merging well, just must be at least each road sensor of liquid outfit and be used for detecting in real time their position, and feed back to control system to take corresponding action.Therefore, a feedback control that is similar to hydrophoby vent design proposal remains essential, but utilizing the advantage of passive valve principle is the use of having save real valve, and to surface Modification.
Summary of the invention
The flow passage structure that the purpose of this invention is to provide the continuous-flow in the microtubule road of a kind of controlling liquid adopts structure of the present invention not need that pipe surface is done any modification and handles, and also need not built-in valve or external valve, more need not the size of micro fine pipe is done any change.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technological scheme: the flow passage structure of a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flow in the microtubule road, it comprises a main microchannel, one is communicated with the auxilliary microchannel of described main microchannel, it is characterized in that: be provided with a bluff body in the confluence area of described main microchannel and described auxilliary microchannel.
On described auxilliary microchannel, one bypass microchannel is set near described confluence area.
The other end of described bypass microchannel also is provided with a bluff body in downstream and another confluence area of its formation of described main microchannel in described another confluence area.
Described auxilliary microchannel is be arranged in parallel a plurality of, and the confluence area of each described auxilliary microchannel and described main microchannel is provided with a bluff body.
The import of each described auxilliary microchannel is communicated with by a public microchannel, and described public microchannel is provided with a liquid-inlet.
Be provided with the sensor of feeder loop in the confluence area of described main microchannel and auxilliary microchannel.
The sectional shape of described bluff body is rectangle or triangle.
The present invention is owing to take above technological scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention is provided with a bluff body in the confluence area of two microchannels, make the passive valve effect of the confluence area of nature existence obtain effective enhancing, make first strand of liquid arrive the bluff body of confluence area, and before second burst of liquid no show, can temporarily stop to flow, and, realize that second strand of liquid arrives the goal of the invention that the no bubble of two strands of liquid merges behind the bluff body by in time removing the driving force of first strand of liquid.2, the present invention is being provided with a bypass microchannel near on the auxilliary microchannel of confluence area, after making first strand of liquid arrive bluff body, and the driving force of first strand of liquid is not removed preceding moment, liquid can enter the bypass microchannel, thereby can alleviate the counterpressure that bear in the bluff body place, make the effect of passive valve more reliable.3, the setting of bypass microchannel of the present invention can realize that not only two kinds of liquid enter and fusion bubble-freely from main and auxiliary two microchannels respectively; But also can be with main microchannel as exhaust duct, barrier effect by bluff body, the no bubble of realizing more than one liquid in an auxilliary microchannel merges, and more the gas that is divided into by bubble in a kind of liquid of several sections can be discharged, and engages the liquid into one continuous-flow.4, the present invention will assist microchannel and be arranged to many in parallel, in the confluence area of the auxilliary microchannel of each bar and main microchannel a bluff body will be set all simultaneously, thereby can realize the no bubble fusion of multiple liquid easily.5, the present invention is communicated with the import of many auxilliary microchannels by a public microchannel with liquid entering hole, and one bluff body all is set at each auxilliary microchannel and main microchannel concourse, and make the passive valve effect of the bluff body of upstream be provided with minimumly, thereby the multichannel that can realize a kind of liquid is distributed, and saves repeatedly to be the troublesome operation of each single channel liquid feeding.6, the present invention need not the size of micro fine pipe is made any change and surface treatment when utilizing the passive valve effect, has therefore reduced micro-machined complexity and difficulty to greatest extent.The present invention simultaneously can also reduce number of sensors in the feedback control system effectively, and reduces the accuracy and the sensitivity requirement of sensor mounting point.The present invention can be widely used in the FLOW CONTROL of various liquid in fine pipeline.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is another embodiment of bluff body of the present invention
Fig. 3～7th, the inventive method implementation process schematic representation
Fig. 8 is the structural representation that the present invention has other microchannel
Fig. 9 is that the present invention has the structural representation that exhaust engages
Figure 10 is that the present invention has the structural representation that multiply liquid merges
Figure 11 is that the present invention has the structural representation that liquid distributes
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 1, structure of the present invention comprises a main microchannel 1, the one auxilliary microchannel 2 that is communicated with main microchannel 1, confluence area at auxilliary microchannel 2 and main microchannel 1 is provided with a bluff body 3, it can reduce flow path area effectively, the shape of bluff body 3 can be a rectangular, also can be triangle (as shown in Figure 2), can also be other shape.Being respectively arranged with at the entrance point of main microchannel 1 and auxilliary microchannel 2 that the drive unit of driving force (not shown), drive unit are provided can be to merge pipeline setting for the present invention specially, also can be the driving force that other drive unit produces in the system.As shown in Figure 1, a sensor 4 can also be set, be used to monitor the inflow and the outflow of liquid in confluence area.
The making of said structure can be adopted the method for common making chip, produce earlier the groove and the bluff body 3 that form microchannel 1,2 on substrate, the bonding by substrate-glass or plastic cover sheet forms complete main microchannel 1, auxilliary microchannel 2 and bluff body 3 then.The setting of sensor 4 is the merging process for automatic controlling liquid, can certainly directly see through flowing of cover plate observation and manual switchover controlling liquid by human eye.Sensor 4 can adopt the product of various prior aries, such as adopting infrared senor, at a upper and lower transmitter and the receiver of being provided with respectively of the confluence area of chip, as liquid by the time can receive and transmission signal, same as the prior art with the feedback control circuit that sensor 4 is connected.
The fusion process of two kinds of liquid of the present invention is as follows:
As shown in Figure 3, first strand of liquid just is being driven the power driving and is flowing to confluence area in auxilliary microchannel 2.
As shown in Figure 4, when first strand of liquid arrives confluence area, under the effect of passive valve effect and bluff body 3, the temporary transient stagnation; Because liquid has partly entered confluence area, sensor 4 just can produce a corresponding signal and make that the driving force of auxilliary microchannel 2 is removed simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 5, second strand of liquid enters main microchannel 1, and arrives confluence area and the fusion of first strand of liquid realization liquid head, and confluence area is attacked and occupied by liquid fully, and the passive valve effect disappears; Equally, this state sensor 4 that also can be set at confluence area captures.From this constantly, according to the purpose that common merge downstream flows, the pattern of two strands of liquid of at least three kinds of different drivings can be arranged:
(1) if wish to obtain one and stream (just as what see) in the analytical equipment based on diffusion, these two strands of liquid should be driven simultaneously.
(2) if wish to obtain a downstream that mixes, one of them method is that mode with timesharing or time pulsation drives two liquid so, that is to say that two strands of liquid are alternately driven with very brief time pulse form, perhaps by Continuous Drive but phase place is opposite.
(3) if stream before and after wishing to obtain one, promptly just in time all immediately following in the back of another strand, wherein one liquid driven up to its liquid tail arrival confluence area, and then drives another strand liquid to downstream line to downstream line to one liquid earlier.
For stream and mixed flow shoulder to shoulder, yes wishes two strands of liquid simultaneously in the confluence area ending for ideal situation, so just not can the downstream merge flow in generation bubble or gas segmentation.But reality is difficult to accomplish, this needs two strands to be flowing under the situation that amount of liquid, flow resistance and driving force separately mate fully and just might to realize, actual conditions often wherein one liquid tail arrive confluence area prior to the liquid tail of another strand.For front and back stream, must be that the whole of wherein one liquid are finished up stream before and after could forming like this in confluence area prior to the whole of another strand.
As shown in Figure 6, here described such a case, the afterbody of promptly supposing second strand of liquid has at first arrived confluence area, this regional sensor 4 detects this constantly, and send the driving force that a corresponding signal turn-offs second strand of liquid to system, this moment, confluence area caused stream to dwindle because of bluff body 3, and consequent effect capillaceous can rest on confluence area with the liquid tail of second strand of liquid, thereby first strand of liquid is continuous in maintenance and the auxilliary microchannel 2.Following three kinds of situations will appear in ensuing flow process:
(1) if the purpose that merges is for stream before and after forming one, first strand of liquid arrives the state that always seizes up behind the bluff body 3 in auxilliary microchannel 2 so, to wait for second burst of liquid liquid tail arrival confluence area shown in Figure 6.
(2) if the purpose that merges is in order to form a mixed flow, so between step as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, two strands of liquid are alternately switched driving by driving force separately, just detected according to second strand of liquid liquid tail supposing among Fig. 6 by sensor 4, and its driving force is removed, also do not switch to this moment and drive first strand of liquid, therefore first strand of liquid state that still temporarily seizes up.
(3) if the purpose that merges is in order to form a stream shoulder to shoulder, then from step shown in Figure 5, two strands of liquid are driven always simultaneously, suppose like that until Fig. 6, promptly second strand of liquid liquid tail at first just arrived confluence area, and its driving force is removed, this moment first strand of liquid also no show confluence area of liquid tail, and its driving force is not removed yet.
Foregoing three kinds of situations, if first kind and second kind, should restart driving this moment so, if the third so just continues to keep the driving to first strand of liquid to first strand of liquid.Which kind of situation no matter, first strand of liquid in the auxilliary as shown in Figure 6 microchannel 2 is connected naturally with the liquid urogenesis of second strand of liquid, and can not produce bubble.Therefore, in the final step as shown in Figure 7, all remaining first strand of liquid were all pushed away confluence area, finishing whole fusion process, and formed a downstream flow of leaving the pipeline confluence area by driving to first strand of liquid.
Embodiment two:
As shown in Figure 8, present embodiment comprises a main microchannel 1 and an auxilliary microchannel 2, and auxilliary microchannel 2 is near with the confluence area of main microchannel 1 time, and bifurcated forms logical microchannel 5 on one side.Auxilliary microchannel 2 forms a confluence area a with main microchannel 1 at a point, and a bluff body 3 is set in confluence area a; Bypass microchannel 5 forms another confluence area b with main microchannel 1 at the b point, 3 ', two strands of liquid of a bluff body is set in this confluence area b after confluence area b converges, and continues to extend to form a common downstream microchannel 6.
The basic functional principle of present embodiment is: drive first strand of liquid and enter auxilliary microchannel 2, when its by first bluff body 3 detentions the time at first confluence area a, still can continue to flow in bypass microchannel 5, the signal that produces up to sensor 4 is removed the driving force of auxilliary microchannel 2 fully.When the length of bypass microchannel 5 preferably should make this strand liquid stop fully and second confluence area b of no show and main microchannel 1, even but liquid has arrived confluence area b, and the bluff body 3 ' that is arranged on herein can guarantee that also liquid can stop.Next the second strand of liquid that drives in the main microchannel 1 enters first confluence area a, so just having finished primary liquid head with first strand of liquid merges, select to drive wherein any one liquid then or drive two strands of liquid simultaneously, liquid all can flow in main microchannel 1 and by-pass line 5 simultaneously, because the passive valve effect disappears after soaking into fully at bluff body 3.When any one liquid in main microchannel 1 and the bypass microchannel 5 arrives confluence area b earlier, all can under the effect of bluff body 3 ', suspend automatically, treat another pipeline liquid infiltration bluff body 3 ' after, finish secondary merging automatically at confluence area b.Automatic fusion at confluence area b is because under the situation in identical back pressure, and the effect of passive valve and bluff body 3 ' can make the liquid that arrives first suspend, and moves in the less pipeline of resistance automatically.After the second time, merging process was finished, the passive valve effect of second bluff body 3 ' had also disappeared, and liquid can freely pass through common downstream microchannel 6.During present embodiment liquid ending, identical in epilog and the embodiment one of confluence area a, and will finish automatically in the ending of confluence area b.
Present embodiment is that a kind of liquid of by-pass structure merges example, it is different that itself and embodiment one directly utilize the bluff body structure to realize that liquid merges, two bluff bodys 3 in this liquid by-pass structure of present embodiment, the 3 ' fluid pressure that all only bears in the lower by-pass line, so its reliability is higher than embodiment one.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 9, present embodiment comprises main microchannel 1, one an auxilliary microchannel 2 and the bypass microchannel 7 from auxilliary microchannel 2 bifurcateds, and main microchannel 1 is provided with bluff body 3 with the confluence area of auxilliary microchannel 2.In the present embodiment, main microchannel 1 is used as exhaust duct, and bypass microchannel 7 is as merging pipeline, the confluence area of very close main microchannel 1 of the entrance point of by-pass line 7 and auxilliary microchannel 2.
Present embodiment has the exhaust engagement function, and during work, liquid enters from auxilliary microchannel 2, when being stopped stop by bluff body 3, enters bypass microchannel 7 automatically.Can stop partially liq in a bit of pipeline between bluff body 3 and 7 imports of bypass microchannel this moment, if this segment pipe is oversize, when liquid liquid tail enters in the bypass microchannel 7, this part liquid will remain in this segment pipe so; If 7 imports of bypass microchannel are enough near from bluff body 3, under capillary effect, the liquid tail that enters bypass microchannel 7 can be brought the liquid in this segment pipe in the bypass microchannel 7 fully so.Like this, if liquid tail back has gas to continue (also not removed such as liquid driven power,) these gases exhaust duct (main microchannel 1) eliminating from containing bluff body 3 successfully so, and can not result in blockage because of residual liquid in this segment pipe, make gas enter bypass microchannel 7.Because the liquid tail that has entered in the bypass microchannel 7 can not pushed away the inlet that holds bypass microchannel 7 by gas afterwards, therefore, if there is one flow to come again, the liquid head of so new liquid will engage automatically with the liquid tail that is in bypass microchannel 7 inlets, form the liquid of continuous-flow.
As can be seen from the above description, the same exhaust by-pass structure of present embodiment can be repeated to use, in same auxilliary microchannel 2, can successively inject liquid more than two strands or two strands, not only can be with the air scavenge between them, and can in bypass microchannel 7, realize the bubble-free joint of liquid.Present embodiment can also produce one in bubble and cause bubble removal in the liquid of segmentation, will be joined together again by the liquid of segmentation.
Embodiment four
As shown in figure 10, present embodiment comprises a main microchannel 1, and a plurality of auxilliary microchannels 2 are provided with a bluff body 3 respectively in the confluence area of each auxilliary microchannel 2 and main microchannel 1.
Present embodiment has the function that multiple liquid is merged, from each auxilliary microchannel 2, enter one liquid respectively during work, under the effect of bluff body 3, all suspend outlet at auxilliary microchannel 2, drive the liquid in the main microchannel 1 then, make it soak into each bluff body 3 successively, make it lose the passive valve effect, and then, realize the fusion of multiple liquid by the above-mentioned various types of flow.
Embodiment five
As shown in figure 11, present embodiment comprises a main microchannel 1, and a plurality of auxilliary microchannels 2 are provided with a bluff body 3 respectively in the confluence area of each auxilliary microchannel 2 and main microchannel 1, import at each auxilliary microchannel 2 connects a public microchannel 8, and public microchannel 8 is provided with a liquid-inlet.Bluff body 3 in each confluence area, size that can be by its size, shape or from the passive valve effect not of uniform size that distance produced of auxilliary microchannel 2 outlets separately, selection allows liquid take the lead in breaking through that bluff body 3, such as what show among the figure is the bluff body 3 ' of upstream, compares its size minimum with other bluff body 3.
The application of present embodiment is the parallel multi-channel biological test, can save the complicated processes that is followed successively by each passage application of sample if reagent is identical.During work, enter the liquid of public microchannel 8, distribute automatically to enter each auxilliary microchannel 2, can utilize each the auxilliary microchannel 2 and the bluff body 3 of main microchannel 1 confluence area to realize that liquid distributes automatically, and in each confluence area bluff body 3 places short stay.Because the passive valve effect of the bluff body 3 ' of upstream is the poorest, therefore under same driving pressure, liquid is broken through from this bluff body 3 ' at first, and one the tunnel soak into each bluff body 3, make it lose the passive valve effect, and then the liquid that will flow through each auxilliary microchannel 2 merges, and discharges stream as waste liquid.
Claims (10)
1. the flow passage structure of controlling liquid continuous-flow in the microtubule road, it comprises a main microchannel, one is communicated with the auxilliary microchannel of described main microchannel, it is characterized in that: be provided with a bluff body in the confluence area of described main microchannel and described auxilliary microchannel.
2. be the flow passage structure of a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flow in the microtubule road according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: on described auxilliary microchannel, one bypass microchannel is set near described confluence area.
3. as described in claim 2, be the flow passage structure of a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flow in the microtubule road, it is characterized in that: the other end of described bypass microchannel forms another confluence area at the downstream and the described main microchannel of described main microchannel, also is provided with a bluff body in described another confluence area.
4. the flow passage structure of controlling liquid continuous-flow in the microtubule road, it comprises a main microchannel, the auxilliary microchannel that is communicated with described main microchannel, it is characterized in that: described auxilliary microchannel is be arranged in parallel a plurality of, and the confluence area of each described auxilliary microchannel and described main microchannel is provided with a bluff body.
5. be the flow passage structure of a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flow in the microtubule road as described in claim 4, it is characterized in that: the import of each described auxilliary microchannel is communicated with by a public microchannel, and described public microchannel is provided with a liquid-inlet.
6. as the flow passage structure of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flows in the microtubule road, it is characterized in that: the sensor that is provided with feeder loop in the confluence area of described main microchannel and auxilliary microchannel.
7. as the flow passage structure of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flows in the microtubule road, it is characterized in that: the sectional shape of described bluff body is a rectangle.
8. the flow passage structure of a kind of controlling liquid as claimed in claim 6 continuous-flow in the microtubule road is characterized in that: the sectional shape of described bluff body is a rectangle.
9. as the flow passage structure of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described a kind of controlling liquid continuous-flows in the microtubule road, it is characterized in that: the sectional shape of described bluff body is a triangle.
10. the flow passage structure of a kind of controlling liquid as claimed in claim 6 continuous-flow in the microtubule road is characterized in that: the sectional shape of described bluff body is a triangle.
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| CN101795813B (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2011-11-02 | 国立大学法人冈山大学 | Surface treating method and device thereof |
| CN102518618A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 山东天一液压科技股份有限公司 | Hydraulic cylinder |
| CN102518619A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 山东天一液压科技股份有限公司 | Elastic buffering hydraulic cylinder |
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| 缺口型试样管阵列进样系统与紫外检测毛细管电泳联用技术. 刘军，方群，杜文斌.分析化学，第33卷第12期. 2005 |
| 缺口型试样管阵列进样系统与紫外检测毛细管电泳联用技术. 刘军，方群，杜文斌.分析化学，第33卷第12期. 2005 * |
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