CN100389901C

CN100389901C - Wedge cross-rolling two cycle roll-forming method for train shaft blank

Info

Publication number: CN100389901C
Application number: CNB2006101441153A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王宝雨; 胡正寰; 张康生; 束学道; 周永平
Original assignee: University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Current assignee: University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Priority date: 2006-11-27
Filing date: 2006-11-27
Publication date: 2008-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2026-11-27
Also published as: CN1947884A

Abstract

A technology for forming the axle bank of train by using wedge dies to roll it by two-turns includes such steps as heating a circular blank to 1000-1200 deg.C, feeding it between two die sets with at least one pair of internal wedges and one pair of external wedges, rotating the die sets by one turn while rolling it by internal wedges, and rotating the die sets by another turn while rolling it by external wedges.

Description

Wedge cross-rolling two cycle roll-forming method for train shaft blank

Technical field

The invention belongs to the metal forming technical field, a kind of method of train shaft blank Wedge cross-rolling two cycle roll-forming is provided especially, be applicable to the cross wedge rolling production of train shaft blank.

Technical background

Cross wedge rolling is a kind of axial workpiece shaping new technology new technology, this technology is the metallurgy rolling technology and the intersecting, extend and develop of Machining Technology, with traditional metallurgy rolling relatively, realized the deep processing of material, promptly developed into the part of producing variable cross-section from rolling uiform section section bar.With traditional Forging Technology relatively, realize, change into continuous and local and be shaped in metallurgical industry and mechanical industry production, crucial status is arranged by interrupted monolithic molding.Characteristics such as this technology has efficiently, low consumption are the advanced production technologies of saving metal material and energy.Because the special complexity of this technical matters and mould is mainly used in the big axial workpiece of production lot, comprising: axial workpieces such as automobile, tractor, motorcycle, internal combustion engine, hardware ﹠ tools, building machinery, electric power and hardware ﹠ tools.

The train axle is one of three big vital parts (heavy rail, axletree and wheel) of railway construction, belongs to the ultra-large type axial workpiece.At present, producing the train shaft blank main method both at home and abroad has three kinds: 1) flat-die forging is shaped, and its production efficiency is 0.2～0.3 of per minute, and stock utilization is 58～65%; 2) precision forging, its production efficiency are 0.3～0.5 of per minute, and stock utilization is 65～73%; 3) three roller profiling roll formings, its production efficiency is 0.3～0.6 of per minute, stock utilization is 62～70%.

The train axle belongs to the ultra-large type axial workpiece, and about its maximum gauge φ 200mm, length reaches about 2200mm.If produce RD2 train wagons axle with traditional cross wedge rolling method, its mould diameter will reach about φ 3000mm, and the height of cross wedge rolling machine will be above 9000mm, and its weight of equipment will reach 600 tons, and mold weight reaches 60 tons.Big like this machine and mould, must invest big, cost is high, manufacture difficulty is big, the technology performance difficulty.

Adopt forming technique of the present invention, can reduce cross wedge rolling die (roll) diameter significantly, can reduce to φ 1700mm, weight of equipment and mold weight can be reduced to 1/2 of traditional cross wedge rolling technique.Thereby equipment investment and production cost can reduce significantly, realizes the economization production of train axle.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to: a kind of Wedge cross-rolling two cycle roll-forming method for train shaft blank is provided, can reduce mould (roll) diameter significantly, reduce cross wedge rolling equipment and mold weight significantly, realize to utilize more small-sized equipment and mold, high efficiency, low energy consumption, produce train shaft blank economically.

Of the present invention constituting: circular blank is heated to 1000～1200 ℃, by axial charging/discharging device it is sent between two moulds, mould has a wedge and an external wedge in one pair at least.Two outer wedges begin the place apart from l ₅Must be greater than the length l of blank ₆20～800mm, less than two interior wedge ends apart from l ₄0～100mm.Circular bar is done gyration having under the mould action of wedge type, has only interior wedge to participate in roll forming during mould rotation first lap, when mould rotation second circle outside wedge participation roll forming, train shaft blank of every two cycle roll-forming.Blank is sent between two moulds by axial charging/discharging device, finishes the train shaft blank of shaping and is released between two moulds by axial charging/discharging device.Train shaft blank two cycle roll-forming process is finished on a cross wedge rolling machine, a secondary mould continuously.

Die parameters forming angle α value α=18～40 °, broadening angle β value β=2～12 °.

The present invention has realized that two circle continuous rollings are shaped.Be that roll rotates between the 1st circle and the 2nd circle and need not to pause, blank or workpiece also need not artificial or auxiliary equipment is operated intervention, and the 1st circle and the 2nd encloses and carries out continuously in the forming process.

For realizing that two circle continuous rollings are shaped, the mould lower roll section of connecting material apical side height should not be higher than the mold base height, its arc length and mould arc length sum l ₀Should equal 360 °.

The Wedge cross-rolling two cycle manufacturing process of train axle axis blank of the present invention is applicable to dual roll type cross wedge rolling and three-roller type cross wedge rolling.Described train shaft blank comprises the similar or similar various train shaft blanks of its shape.

Two circles principle rolling or multi-turn roll forming is: when mould rotated the 1st circle, wedge 1, interior wedge 2 participated in roll forming in the mould.Because outer wedge 3, outer wedge 4 so blank does not contact with outer wedge, do not participate in roll forming in the outside of blank 5.And after rolling the finishing of the 1st circle, blank 5 is rolled and is shaped when being that part, the operation of rolling proceed to the 2nd circle, and outer wedge 3, outer wedge 4 begin to work, and are train shaft blank with part roll forming, finally finish the roll forming of train shaft blank.

The inventive method is produced the train axle compared with the prior art, and advantage is as follows:

1) single productivity height.Higher more than 8 times with open die forging than (the train axle of China 70% adopts this method to produce at present); With Austrian precise forging machine (state-of-the-art in the world method) than high more than 4 times;

2) stock utilization height.Improve 25% with open die forging than average; Improve 15% with precise forging machine than average.Every joint material 60～150kg.

3) cleaner production.Open die forging and precise forging machine are produced noise greater than 100 decibels, and the cross wedge rolling method is produced noise less than 60 decibels.

4) reduce machining processes.Because cross wedge rolling forming precision height can directly carry out fine finishining, reduce manufacturing procedure.

5) production cost is low.Because production efficiency height, material-saving, operation minimizing etc., production cost can descend 15～30%.

The inventive method produces the train axle and existing cross wedge rolling technique compares, and advantage is as follows:

1) significantly reduce device height, alleviate weight of equipment, thereby significantly reduce factory building, equipment manufacturing cost;

2) significantly save the mould roll surface, reduce mould diameter

3) compare with many wedges, not only mould structure is simple, stable processing technique, and roll-force only is equivalent to 1/3 to 1/2 of many wedges, thereby its equipment is little, cost is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is train shaft blank figure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a mould three-dimensional representation of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is blank figure.

Fig. 4 is the rolling part drawing of finishing postforming of the 1st circle.

Fig. 5 is the rolling part drawing of finishing postforming of the 2nd circle.

Fig. 6 is an instance graph of train shaft blank of the present invention.D among the figure ₀=Φ 201mm; D ₁=Φ 181mm; D ₂=Φ 172mm; D ₃=Φ 137mm; L ₀=2153mm; L ₁=1197mm; L ₂=205mm; L ₃=53mm, L ₄=220mm.

Fig. 7 is a mould pass expanded view of the present invention.Mould pass basic parameter is as follows:

β ₁＝8.5°；β ₂＝8.5°；l ₀＝5442mm；l ₁＝600mm?l ₂＝643mm；l ₃＝400mm；l ₄＝1217.5mm；l ₅＝1217mm；l ₆＝1070mm。

Fig. 8 is Fig. 7 mould A-A profile.Among the figure: α ₁=30 °; α ₂=20 °; α ₃=36 °; w ₁=1741.6mm; w ₂=1634.3mm; w ₃=1560mm; h ₀=67mm; h ₁=34.9mm; h ₂=49.5mm

Fig. 9 is Fig. 7 mould B-B profile.Among the figure: α ₄=36 °; w ₄=2222mm w ₅=1217.5mm; w ₆=167mm; w ₇=90mm; h ₃=41.5mm; h ₄=12mm

The specific embodiment

Fig. 2, Fig. 7 are embodiment die drawings of Wedge cross-rolling two cycle roll-forming train shaft blank.Fig. 7 is a mould pass expanded view.Fig. 3 is blank Φ 260 * 1070mm.Blank temperature is heated to 1000 ℃～1200 ℃, sends between two homodromal moulds by the axial admission device and be rolled, the mould outside diameter circle is φ 1700mm.Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are respectively the 1st circle, the rolling part drawing of finishing postforming of the 2nd circle.

Claims

1. Wedge cross-rolling two cycle roll-forming method for train shaft blank, it is characterized in that: circular blank is heated to 1000～1200 ℃, by axial charging/discharging device it is sent between two moulds, mould has a wedge and an external wedge in one pair at least, circular bar is rolled under the cross wedge rolling die effect that has wedge type, and two outer wedges begin the distance (l of place ₅) must be greater than the length (l of blank ₆) 20～800mm, less than two interior wedge distance (l of end ₄) 0～100mm; Have only interior wedge to participate in roll forming during mould rotation first lap, when mould rotation second circle outside wedge participation roll forming, every two cycle roll-forming is finished the production of a cross wedge rolling train shaft blank; Blank is sent between two moulds by axial charging/discharging device, finishes the train shaft blank of shaping and is released between two moulds by axial charging/discharging device; Mould forming wedge angle α value α=18～40 °, mould wedge broadening angle β value β=2～12 °; The end face of the mould lower roll section of connecting material is an arc surface, its arc length and mould pass arc length sum (l ₀) equal 360 °.

2. according to right 1 described method, it is characterized in that: train shaft blank two cycle roll-forming process is finished on a cross wedge rolling machine, a secondary mould continuously.

3. according to right 1, right 2 described methods, it is characterized in that: the Wedge cross-rolling two cycle manufacturing process of described train axle axis blank is applicable to dual roll type cross wedge rolling and three-roller type cross wedge rolling.