CN100389062C - Method for preparing composite material of carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate through iron phosphate - Google Patents
Method for preparing composite material of carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate through iron phosphate Download PDFInfo
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- CN100389062C CN100389062C CNB2006100308978A CN200610030897A CN100389062C CN 100389062 C CN100389062 C CN 100389062C CN B2006100308978 A CNB2006100308978 A CN B2006100308978A CN 200610030897 A CN200610030897 A CN 200610030897A CN 100389062 C CN100389062 C CN 100389062C
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- phosphate
- lithium
- ferrous
- carbon
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
This invention discloses a method for carbon-coated ferrous lithium phosphate composite material from ferric phosphate. The method comprises: (1) reducing Fe3+ of ferric phosphate into Fe2+ by a liquid-phase reducer; (2) reacting with NH4+ in the solution to obtain ferrous ammonium phosphate; (3) reacting with Li source at a high temperature and in inert atmosphere to obtain ferrous lithium phosphate; (4) coating with carbon to obtain carbon-coated ferrous lithium phosphate composite material. The method adopts Fe3+ as the raw material, thus reducing the costs of the raw material and the processing. The obtained composite material has such advantages as high purity and good electrochemical performance, and can be used as the cathode material of Li-ion batteries.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of material, particularly a kind ofly prepare the preparation method of carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material with tertiary iron phosphate, it is used as the positive electrode material of lithium ion battery.
Background technology
Since the compound of olivine structural in 1997 be in the news can be used as the charging-discharging lithium ion battery positive electrode material since, LiFePO 4 (LiFePO
4) outstanding advantages such as positive electrode material has abundant raw material, cost is low, specific storage is higher, environmentally friendly, nontoxic, Heat stability is good, becoming the research focus of various countries' researcher day by day, is a kind of lithium ion cell positive equivalent material of future generation that has much potentiality.
Although LiFePO
4Have a lot of advantages as positive electrode material, but in the application process of reality, exist some problems.The one, LiFePO
4Low electronic conductivity and ion diffusion speed.For the electrode process that is subjected to the control of electric conductivity and lithium ion rate of diffusion, this has limited LiFePO greatly
4The chemical property of positive electrode material.Improve LiFePO at present
4The research of conductivity mainly concentrates on carbon and coats and metal ion mixing two aspects.The difficult problem of another industrialization is large-scale synthesis technique.In recent years, many synthetic methods have been proposed, such as mechanical ball milling synthetic [patent CN 1581537A], sol-gel method [patent CN 1410349A], coprecipitation method [K.S.Park, K.T.Kang, S.B.Lee, G.Y.Kim, Y.J.Park, H.G.Kim, Mater.Res.Bull.2004,39,1803], microwave method [patent CN 1547273A], hydrothermal method [S.Yang, P.Y.Zavalij, M.S.Whittingham, Electrochem.Commun.2001,3,505], carbothermic method [J.Barker, M.Y.Saidi, J.L.Swoye[J.Electrochem.Soc.2003,6 (3), A53], vapour deposition process [I.Belharouak, C.Johnson, K.Amine, Electrochem.Commun.2005,7,983] or the like.Preparation LiFePO
4The most frequently used method is a solid phase method, and solid state reaction is solid/liquid/solid interface reaction basically, and reaction interface is little, and preparation process needs long ball milling and repeatedly thermal treatment, and the cycle is long, complex process, and cost increases.Even can not guarantee like this to react completely, in the high-temperature reaction process, may generate dystectic Trilithium phosphate Li
3PO
4With ferrous phosphate Fe
3(PO
4)
2, remaining unreacted impurity will worsen the chemical property of ferrousphosphate lithium material, and cause the consistence of material of different batches poor.And simple liquid phase reaction as sol-gel method, is beneficial to and reacts completely, but income is little, is feasible at the prepared in laboratory sample, tooling cost height during suitability for industrialized production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material with tertiary iron phosphate; promptly in the liquid-phase reduction agent; ferric iron in the tertiary iron phosphate is reduced into ferrous iron; simultaneously with solution in the ammonium ion reaction form ferrous ammonium phosphate; ferrous ammonium phosphate and lithium source reaction under high temperature and protective atmosphere condition then; obtain LiFePO 4, handle, obtain the LiFePO 4 that carbon coats through carbon coated.
The present invention is a kind of, and prepare the concrete steps of method of carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material with tertiary iron phosphate as follows:
(1) weighs tertiary iron phosphate, reductive agent and ammoniacal liquor, wherein the mol ratio of tertiary iron phosphate and reductive agent is 2: 1 to 1: 5, the amount of ammoniacal liquor is decided on the kind of reductive agent, when reductive agent is ammonium sulphite or ammonium thiosulfate, the mol ratio of ammoniacal liquor and tertiary iron phosphate is 0 to 5: 1, when reductive agent is sulfurous acid or thiosulfuric acid, the mol ratio of ammoniacal liquor and tertiary iron phosphate is 1: 1 to 5: 1, add distilled water, the concentration of reductive agent is 0.2-2mol/L, stirred then 1-10 hour, the temperature of stirring is a room temperature to 90 ℃, refilters to clean to obtain amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate;
(2) ferrous ammonium phosphate of gained mixes with the lithium source, wherein the mol ratio of phosphate radical and lithium ion is 99: 100 to 100: 99, under gas shield, handled 0.5-5 hour at 200-800 ℃, obtain LiFePO 4, weigh LiFePO 4 and carbon source again, wherein the mass ratio of LiFePO 4 and carbon source is 99: 1 to 85: 15, adds in the distilled water and heated and stirred is mixed to evaporate to dryness, then under gas shield, handled 0.5 to 5 hour at 500 to 800 ℃, obtain carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate; Or the ferrous ammonium phosphate of gained, lithium source and carbon source mixed, wherein the mol ratio of phosphate radical and lithium ion is 99: 100 to 100: 99, the mass ratio of LiFePO 4 and carbon source is 99: 1 to 85: 15, under gas shield, handled 0.5-5 hour at 200-800 ℃, obtain carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate; Wherein carbon source is sucrose, glucose, fructose or lactose.
Lithium of the present invention source is lithium acetate, Quilonum Retard, lithium hydroxide, lithium oxalate or Lithium Citrate de.
Ammoniacal liquor of the present invention is meant NH
3H
2O.
Shielding gas of the present invention is the mixed gas of argon gas, nitrogen, argon gas and hydrogen or the mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen, and hydrogen volume content is 2 to 10% in the mixed gas.
The present invention is a kind of to prepare the method for carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material with tertiary iron phosphate, has following advantage:
(1) combines the advantage of conventional solid-state method and liquid phase method preferably, and avoid the shortcoming of the two effectively.The solid phase method preparation process needs long ball milling and repeatedly thermal treatment, and the cycle is long, complex process, and cost increases; Though liquid phase method reacts completely, income is little, is difficult to large-scale production.The solid-liquid method is a kind of solid/liquid interfaces reaction, and the interface contact is big, has both helped improving the thoroughness of reaction, can make full use of solid phase method again and be fit to these characteristics of suitability for industrialized production;
(2) be source of iron with ferric tertiary iron phosphate, do not use expensive ferrous iron, reduced material cost and avoided the easy oxidation of ferrous iron to cause problems such as product is impure;
(3) selectivity in lithium source is wide, can adopt the Quilonum Retard or the lithium hydroxide of lower cost;
(4) do not need high energy consumption technology such as ball milling in the preparation process, tooling cost is low, and operational path is simple, cycle weak point, batches of materials high conformity, low, the cleanliness without any pollution of energy consumption, is fit to suitability for industrialized production;
(5) synthetic material purity height, chemical property is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is for adopting the XRD spectra of the prepared carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is when adopting the prepared carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate of the inventive method as anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the charging and discharging curve of battery.
Embodiment
Can further understand the present invention from following examples, but the present invention not only is confined to following examples.
Embodiment 1
(1) weighs 4 hypophosphite monohydrate iron (FePO
44H
2O) 0.2mol is 44.578g, and ammonium sulphite 0.4mol adds distilled water, and the concentration of ammonium sulphite is 1mol/L, stirs then 6 hours, and the temperature of stirring is 50 ℃, refilters to clean to obtain amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate;
(2) amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate of gained mixes with the 8.392g lithium hydroxide; under argon gas and the protection of 5% hydrogen gas mixture; handled 2 hours at 500 ℃; obtain LiFePO 4; weigh 2.375g sucrose, sucrose is dissolved in the distilled water and with LiFePO 4 mixing post-heating is stirred to evaporate to dryness, then under argon shield; handled 2 hours at 650 ℃, obtain carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate.Fig. 1 is the XRD spectra of the carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate that obtains of embodiment 1, shows that LiFePO 4 has good crystalline structure.
Embodiment 2
(1) weighs tertiary iron phosphate, ammonium sulphite and ammoniacal liquor, wherein 4 hypophosphite monohydrate iron (FePO
44H
2O) 0.2mol is 44.578g, ammonium sulphite 0.4mol, and ammoniacal liquor 0.2mol adds distilled water, and the concentration of ammonium sulphite is 1mol/L, stirs then 4 hours, and the temperature of stirring is 70 ℃, refilters to clean to obtain amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate;
(2) amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate of gained mixes with 7.389g Quilonum Retard, 3.506g sucrose; add distilled water, make sucrose dissolved and heated and stirred make the suspension liquid evaporate to dryness, then under argon gas and the protection of 5% hydrogen gas mixture; handled 1 hour at 700 ℃, obtain carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate.Fig. 2 is the charging and discharging curve of the carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate that obtains of embodiment 2, and loading capacity reaches 139mAh/g under the 1C condition.
Embodiment 3
(1) weighs tertiary iron phosphate, ammonium thiosulfate and ammoniacal liquor, wherein 2 hypophosphite monohydrate iron (FePO
42H
2O) 0.2mol is 37.364g, ammonium thiosulfate 0.2mol, and ammoniacal liquor 0.1mol adds distilled water, and the concentration of ammonium thiosulfate is 0.5mol/L, stirs then 8 hours, and the temperature of stirring is a room temperature, refilters to clean to obtain amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate;
(2) amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate of gained mixes with the 20.404g lithium acetate; under nitrogen and the protection of 5% hydrogen gas mixture; handled 3 hours at 400 ℃; obtain LiFePO 4; weigh 3.506g glucose, glucose is dissolved in the distilled water and with LiFePO 4 mixing post-heating is stirred to evaporate to dryness, then under nitrogen protection; handled 1 hour at 700 ℃, obtain carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate.
Embodiment 4
The LiFePO that embodiment 2 is prepared
4Composite Preparation positive electrode material, wherein LiFePO
4Matrix material: acetylene black: poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)=80: 10: 10 (mass ratio).The caking agent poly(vinylidene fluoride) is dissolved in the 1-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone in advance.Be coated on the aluminium foil after the mixture of aforementioned proportion stirred.Aluminium foil is put into behind compressing tablet in the vacuum drying oven, and 120 ℃ of vacuum conditions dry by the fire after 4 hours down and are washed into anode pole piece.With metal lithium sheet as negative pole; The electrolytic solution that adopts is the 1mol/L lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF of NSC 11801 (EC) and methylcarbonate (DMC) (1: 1, volume ratio)
6) solution.The charge-discharge test result as shown in Figure 2, the 1C specific discharge capacity reaches 139mAh/g.
Claims (3)
1. one kind prepares the method for carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material with tertiary iron phosphate, it is characterized in that the preparation method is as follows:
(1) weighs tertiary iron phosphate, reductive agent and ammoniacal liquor, wherein the mol ratio of tertiary iron phosphate and reductive agent is 2: 1 to 1: 5, the amount of ammoniacal liquor is decided on the kind of reductive agent, when reductive agent is ammonium sulphite or ammonium thiosulfate, the mol ratio of ammoniacal liquor and tertiary iron phosphate is 0 to 5: 1, when reductive agent is sulfurous acid or thiosulfuric acid, the mol ratio of ammoniacal liquor and tertiary iron phosphate is 1: 1 to 5: 1, add distilled water, the concentration of reductive agent is 0.2-2mol/L, stirred then 1-10 hour, the temperature of stirring is a room temperature to 90 ℃, refilters to clean to obtain amorphous ferrous ammonium phosphate;
(2) ferrous ammonium phosphate of gained mixes with the lithium source, wherein the mol ratio of phosphate radical and lithium ion is 99: 100 to 100: 99, under gas shield, handled 0.5-5 hour at 200-800 ℃, obtain LiFePO 4, weigh LiFePO 4 and carbon source again, wherein the mass ratio of LiFePO 4 and carbon source is 99: 1 to 85: 15, adds in the distilled water and heated and stirred is mixed to evaporate to dryness, then under gas shield, handled 0.5 to 5 hour at 500 to 800 ℃, obtain carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate; Or the ferrous ammonium phosphate of gained, lithium source and carbon source mixed, wherein the mol ratio of phosphate radical and lithium ion is 99: 100 to 100: 99, the mass ratio of LiFePO 4 and carbon source is 99: 1 to 85: 15, under gas shield, handled 0.5-5 hour at 200-800 ℃, obtain carbon cladded ferrous lithium phosphate; Wherein carbon source is sucrose, glucose, fructose or lactose.
2. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly prepare the method for carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material, it is characterized in that the lithium source is lithium acetate, Quilonum Retard, lithium hydroxide, lithium oxalate or Lithium Citrate de with tertiary iron phosphate.
3. the method for preparing carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material with tertiary iron phosphate according to claim 1; it is characterized in that shielding gas is the mixed gas of argon gas, nitrogen, argon gas and hydrogen or the mixed gas of nitrogen and hydrogen, hydrogen volume content is 2 to 10% in the mixed gas.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101112979B (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2010-05-19 | 广州市鹏辉电池有限公司 | Solid-phase method for preparation of high-density spherical-like ferric phosphate lithium |
| CN101369659B (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2013-01-16 | 深圳市比克电池有限公司 | Novel lithium iron phosphate anode material used for lithium ion battery and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN102556999B (en) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-11-20 | 彩虹集团公司 | Reduction processing method for synthesizing lithium iron phosphate materials |
| CN111646517B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2023-01-24 | 郑州大学 | Method and device for preparing magnetic material by using ammonia desulphurization waste liquid |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005190882A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of positive electrode active material for lithium battery, positive electrode active material for lithium battery, electrode for lithium battery, and lithium battery |
| CN1649189A (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2005-08-03 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material including metal conductive agent |
| WO2005095273A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd. | Method for producing lithium-iron composite oxide |
| CN1747206A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-03-15 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Nanometer ferrous phosphate lithium/carbon composite material, method for preparing solid phase and application |
| CN1821062A (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2006-08-23 | 上海交通大学 | Process for preparing lithium ferrous phosphate coated with carbon |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005190882A (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-07-14 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Manufacturing method of positive electrode active material for lithium battery, positive electrode active material for lithium battery, electrode for lithium battery, and lithium battery |
| WO2005095273A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd. | Method for producing lithium-iron composite oxide |
| CN1649189A (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2005-08-03 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing carbon coated lithium ferrous phosphate composite material including metal conductive agent |
| CN1747206A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-03-15 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Nanometer ferrous phosphate lithium/carbon composite material, method for preparing solid phase and application |
| CN1821062A (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2006-08-23 | 上海交通大学 | Process for preparing lithium ferrous phosphate coated with carbon |
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