CN100386140C - Aeration type cold hydrogen box - Google Patents
Aeration type cold hydrogen box Download PDFInfo
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- CN100386140C CN100386140C CNB2005100686500A CN200510068650A CN100386140C CN 100386140 C CN100386140 C CN 100386140C CN B2005100686500 A CNB2005100686500 A CN B2005100686500A CN 200510068650 A CN200510068650 A CN 200510068650A CN 100386140 C CN100386140 C CN 100386140C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an aeration type cold hydrogen box which comprises a cold hydrogen distributor, a scale type cooling disk, a hydrogen distributing box, a liquid seal labyrinth component, a flow circulation box, a flow guide pipe, a mixing box, gas collection dispensers and a splash cone, wherein the cold hydrogen distributor is arranged in the hydrogen distributing box; the scale type cooling disk is arranged on the hydrogen distributing box; two symmetrical flow guide holes are arranged in the cooling disk near the edge; the liquid seal labyrinth component is connected to the scale type cooling disk and the bottom plate of the hydrogen distributing box to form a liquid seal and drainage structure with the side wall of the hydrogen distributing box; the flow circulation box is arranged under the cooling disk; the gas collection dispensers are arranged in the flow circulation box; the mixing box is arranged below the hydrogen distributing box; a throttling pipe is arranged in the middle of the mixing box; the splash cone is arranged below the throttling pipe. Compared with the prior art, the cold hydrogen box of the present invention directly mixes and uniformly distributes cold media and hot media many times in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency, has the characteristics of simple structure, small volume, convenient installation, uniform gas-liquid phase distribution, etc. and is suitable for mixing processes for reducing heat liquid phases by cold gas phases, such as hydrogenation reaction processes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cold hydrogen box, belong to gas-liquid mixed, field of heat exchange equipment, be applicable to the heat exchange between the different gas-liquid two-phase of temperature, especially a kind of liquid and gas that are used for heat in the hydrogenation reactor mix with cold hydrogen, the equipment of heat exchange.
Background technology
Hydrogenation reaction belongs to exothermic reaction, and special hydrocracking reaction process heat release is more.Therefore, for many beds hydrogenation reactor, oil and hydrogen raise in last bed reaction back temperature, and for the needs of next bed continuation hydrogenation reaction, the mode that adds cold hydrogen in the middle of just must adopting is controlled temperature, promptly reduces the reaction mass temperature with cold hydrogen.Because hydrogenation reaction mostly is high temperature, high pressure operating mode,, all can increase equipment investment and operating cost greatly by increasing cold hydrogen input quantity or increasing the space.Therefore, cold hydrogen must mix fully with the reaction mass of heat, obtains heat exchange efficiency preferably, so that reduce the internals space, improves the reactor service efficiency, makes next bed can obtain more uniform temperature and material distribution.Progress along with hydrogen addition technology, reactor is more and more huger, the inhomogeneous meeting of heat exchange causes the temperature of charge skewness on the beds radial section, difference appears in the Temperature Distribution on the radial section, hot-spot promptly occurs, even can cause the catalyst coking, not only damage the performance of catalyst, the bias current phenomenon also appears in reactor, thereby reduces the life cycle of catalyst greatly, the operation fluctuation of the device that also induces reaction simultaneously.Therefore, cold hydrogen and the efficient uniform heat exchange of pyroreaction material, temperature and material distribution that next bed is obtained on the more uniform bed radial section are the prerequisites of giving full play to catalyst performance and device even running.
In the hydrogenation reactor there be the primary structure pattern of cold hydrogen box: honeycomb tubular type, manifold-type, band tooth boxlike, stream formula, Spiralism type, band deflector type and drawing-in type, wherein the most frequently used is the drawing-in type cold hydrogen box.All there be shortcoming or deficiency more or less in the said structure pattern, is mainly reflected in that mixed effect is not good, heat exchange efficiency is low, pressure drop distributes difference etc. greatly, again.Patent CN2448440Y discloses a kind of spiral-flow type cold hydrogen box, and this cold hydrogen box is made of refrigerator pipe, plate washer, semicircle hybrid channel, tangential flow guiding pipe, blending bin.Patent CN2294771Y discloses a kind of quench mixer, and this quench mixer is made of refrigerator pipe, logistics positioning disk, annular choke block, logistics dispersion impeller, arc mixing channel, dividing plate, logistics guide plate.Patent CN2167776Y has disclosed the gas-liquid mixed chilling case under a kind of and the flow direction, and this mixing chilling case is made of last tower tray, middle blending bin and following sieve tray.Patent US3723072 has disclosed a kind of chilling case, this structure is that high temperature substrate stream flows into the chilling case by a ring section, cold hydrogen imports offering in the round box of some apertures of central area all around, between four circular tank of chilling case and central area the annular blending bin is arranged, high temperature logistics and cold hydrogen are gone in opposite directions, finish mixing, heat exchange at this, sieve plate is established in the bottom surface, is used to the logistics that distributes.Patent US3880961 has disclosed a kind of chilling case, and this structure is for being provided with taper seal pot and cold hydrogen tube, and cold and hot aperture from seal pot enters blending bin, and the sidewall bar seam from blending bin enters the sieve plate distribution plate then.Patent US3787189 has disclosed a kind of chilling case, and this structure is the chilling case at a dividing plate (dish) epirelief, the band blade that hangs down, and two-layer up and down bending blade direction is opposite.Patent US3502445 has disclosed a kind of chilling case, and this structure is provided with the trapezoidal impingement box of two symmetries, utilizes baffling, splash to realize cold and hot logistics heat exchange.
Above-mentioned cold hydrogen box is provided with various structure purposes: prolongs cold and hot stream flow distance, is convenient to extend contact time, or the disturbance logistics, increase contact area, thereby realize the heat exchange of cold and hot logistics.But these cold hydrogen boxes mainly adopt cold logistics and the hot logistics and the type of flow, because cold logistics is a gas phase, the part that hot logistics mainly need be cooled is a liquid phase, and the stream mode is difficult for making gas, the abundant heat exchange of liquid two-phase, particularly liquid phase may produce the uneven temperature phenomenon, and heat exchange efficiency and uniformity need further to improve.
Summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention directly mixes hot and cold logistics, and evenly distributes, thereby improves heat exchange efficiency, shortens mixing, heat-exchange time, reaches to reduce the purpose that cold hydrogen box takes up space.
Aeration type cold hydrogen box of the present invention comprises that cold hydrogen distributor, flake type cooler pan, cloth hydrogen case, fluid-tight labyrinth assembly, circulation case, mozzle, blending bin, gas are collected distributor and cone combines.Cold hydrogen distributor is arranged in the cloth hydrogen case, above the cloth hydrogen case flake type cooler pan is set, the place of keeping to the side offers the pod apertures (generally can establish 2～4) of two or several symmetries on the cooler pan, fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is connected on flake type cooler pan and the cloth hydrogen box plate, forms fluid-tight discharge opeing structure with cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell.The circulation case is arranged on the cloth hydrogen case outside below the cooler pan, be divided into two parts or a few part (corresponding) by dividing plate with pod apertures quantity, every partial material import is corresponding with the cooler pan pod apertures, and every part communicates with blending bin by mozzle, establishes several gases in every part and collects distributor.Blending bin is arranged on below the cloth hydrogen case, and throttle pipe is established in the centre, and the below of throttle pipe is provided with cone.
Each parts concrete structure of aeration type cold hydrogen box of the present invention is as follows: cold hydrogen distributor is straight tube, endless tube shape or rake shape structure, and several apertures are evenly offered in its lower surface or side.Offer the pod apertures of two or several symmetries on the flake type cooler pan, pod apertures is preferably rectangle, several flake type deflection plates are set on cooler pan, it is shaped as the U type, is inverted V-type, rectangle, semicircle or other geometry, edge several little teeth that evenly distribute, the slit of offering is over against close pod apertures.Cloth hydrogen case be arranged on the flake type cooler pan below, constitute by cylindrical shell and base plate, offer the fluid passage at the top of cylindrical shell, the pod apertures place that is positioned on the flake type deflection plate, the base plate suitable location is offered some clear opening of putting.Fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is set, and fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is made of interior ring, outer shroud and cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell, outer shroud be connected the flake type cooler pan following, place cloth hydrogen case inside,, there is the gap in its end along the base plate with cloth hydrogen case; Interior ring is connected on the cloth hydrogen box plate, and there are the gap in its upper edge and flake type cooler pan, and inner and outer rings is arranged in concentric circles.Fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is integral ring-shaped, also can only be provided with at the place, fluid passage.The circulation case is set, the annular fluid passage that the circulation case is made of cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell, cooler pan, circulation box plate and cold hydrogen box cylindrical shell, several gases are set in the fluid passage collect the distributor formation, gas is collected distributor and is made up of air distribution plate, deflection plate, base plate and side plate, and form the space of an end opening, air distribution plate is the U type, offers several apertures on both wings, and the diameter in hole is ∮ 0.5mm～∮ 30mm.Curved mozzle is set, constitutes the logistics corridor between circulation case and blending bin; Blending bin is made of cylindrical shell and base plate, and throttle pipe places in the blending bin, and cone is set below throttle pipe.
The present invention has constructed cold hydrogen input and distribute required space and place by cold hydrogen distributor, flake type cooler pan, cloth hydrogen case and fluid-tight labyrinth assembly are set; Several flake type deflection plates are set on the flake type cooler pan, and its slit constitutes cold hydrogen distribution channel, and card is the gathering and the field of flow of liquid phase; Fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is set, and, there is the gap in the end of this fluid-tight labyrinth assembly outer shroud along the upper edge that reaches interior ring, constitutes cold hydrogen box liquid collecting drain passage; The circulation case is set, and mozzle, blending bin and throttle pipe are constructed the repeatedly decomposite place of cold and hot two-phase; Cone is set, realizes the first distribution of liquid phase.By as can be seen above-mentioned, the present invention directly mixes hot and cold medium by above-mentioned member is set, and mixing, heat exchange repeatedly, improves heat exchange efficiency.Cold hydrogen box of the present invention is applicable to that the liquid phase and the cold hydrogen of heat mix, heat exchange.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a vertical view.
Fig. 3 collects the structural representation of distributor for gas.
Fig. 4 collects the vertical view of distributor for gas.
Fig. 5 collects the A-A profile of distributor for gas.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.Shown in Fig. 1～5, structure of the present invention collects distributor 9 by cold hydrogen distributor 1, flake type cooler pan 2, cloth hydrogen case 6, fluid-tight labyrinth assembly, circulation case 5, mozzle 7, cold hydrogen box cylindrical shell 8, blending bin 10, gas and cone 11 combines.
Cold hydrogen distributor 1 is arranged on the inside of cloth hydrogen case 6, is straight tube, ring-type or rake shape structure, and several apertures are evenly offered in its lower surface or side.Cloth hydrogen case 6 is made of cylindrical shell and base plate, is positioned at below the flake type cooler pan 2, and cylindrical shell and flake type cooler pan are tightly connected; On the top of cylindrical shell, be positioned at the pod apertures place on the flake type deflection plate, offer the fluid passage of any geometry, it highly is not more than 1/2 of cloth hydrogen case height; Bottom edge place or other suitable location are offered some clear opening of putting, and the aperture is generally 0.5～5mm, are used for the liquid that may exist in the emptying cold hydrogen box; Stairstepping or outer that the rounded formation plate shape of the base plate of cloth hydrogen case, outer are low are downward-sloping.Flake type cooler pan 2 is set, offers two pod apertures that are axial symmetry on this dish, and several flake type deflection plates are set in suitable zone; The flake type deflection plate is the U type, is inverted V-type, rectangle, semicircle or other geometry, its edge several teeth that evenly distribute, V-shaped, semicircle or other geometry of profile of tooth, the angle of flake type deflection plate and flake type cooling card is 0.5～10 ° and is preferably 2 °; The slit of offering is all in the face of close pod apertures, and promptly several flake type deflection plates are fan-shaped and arrange.Fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is made of outer shroud 4, interior ring 3, cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell; Outer shroud 4 be connected flake type cooler pan 2 following, place cloth hydrogen case inside,, there is the gap in its end along the base plate with cloth hydrogen case; Interior ring 3 is connected on the cloth hydrogen box plate, and there are the gap in its upper edge and flake type cooler pan; The structure in gap, above-mentioned two place is annular or other any geometry; When its structure was other any geometry, quantity was some, is rule or irregular alignment, and its clearance height all is not more than 1/3 of cloth hydrogen case height.The height of interior ring 3 generally can be 1/10～9/10 of a cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell height.Several gases are set in the circulation case 5 collect distributor 9, gas is collected distributor 9 and is rule or irregular alignment, and orientation is in the same way, with the angle of flake type cooler pan be 1～90 °.Gas is collected distributor 9 and is made up of air distribution plate 12, deflection plate 14, base plate 13 and side plate 15; Its air distribution plate 12 is the U type, offers several apertures on both wings, and the diameter in hole is ∮ 0.5mm～∮ 30mm, is preferably 8mm; Its deflection plate 14 is the U type, or openend spacing parallel with air distribution plate be greater than the spacing of link, but acutangulates between the two; Its base plate 13 is tightly connected with air distribution plate, deflection plate, base plate and being connected to of side plate; Its side plate 15 is the U type, with air distribution plate, deflection plate, base plate and side plate for being tightly connected.Base plate and air distribution plate, deflection plate one end are tightly connected, and being connected to of base plate and side plate is tightly connected, and the air distribution plate and the deflection plate other end are hatch frame.Gas is collected both sides and the circulation case two sides sealed attachment that distributor is collected on distributor top and circulation box top (being cooler pan) and gas, and suitable space is established in bottom and circulation case bottom, and openend is towards fluid flow direction.Above-mentioned air distribution plate, deflection plate, side plate also can be other various suitable shape.Mozzle 7 is communicated with circulation case and blending bin, is arcuation and is spiral descending manner structure, and blending bin 10 is made of cylindrical shell and base plate, and throttle pipe places the inside center position of blending bin, and it highly is lower than the cylindrical shell height of blending bin.Cone 11 is set below blending bin, throttle pipe.Said structure and parameter are not construed as limiting the invention, and concrete structure and parameter can require to be determined by the design of this area general knowledge according to the character and the operation of equipment scale and fluid.
During work, liquid phase drops on the flake type cooler pan from a last beds, and formation more evenly distributes, mobile in order liquid layer, cold hydrogen autoreactor is outer to be input in the cloth hydrogen case by cold hydrogen distributor, under the effect of gas pressure, be full of cloth hydrogen case, cold hydrogen is blown in the liquid layer that flows on the flake type cooler pan by the slit between flake type cooler pan and flake type deflection plate, because several teeth of even distribution are offered at the edge of flake type deflection plate, cold hydrogen forms a string bubble during by between cog, as aeration, bubble passes liquid layer, mixes with liquid phase, carries out heat transfer process.The perk of flake type deflection plate, herein the liquid phase of flowing through of kicking up is beneficial to cold hydrogen and finishes broken mobile work, is convenient to gas-liquid and fully mixes.Several flake type deflection plates owing on the whole reactor cross section, distributed, and the layout of flake type deflection plate is consistent with the direction that liquid phase flows, the gas-liquid mixed of this aeration type can be carried out several times before fluid flows out the flake type cooler pan, so, gas-liquid two-phase has had well-mixed chance, the heat exchange efficiency height.Gas-liquid two-phase mixes after the pod apertures on the flake type cooler pan when entering the circulation case, because throttling action increases at pod apertures place gas-liquid two-phase flow velocity, is convenient to the broken stream of liquid phase, finishes mixed process again.Several gases are set in the circulation case collect distributor, when cold hydrogen is flowed through this gas collection distributor, again collected, and the some apertures that utilize air distribution plate to offer redistribute, because gas is collected in the distributor half latent liquid phase, the cold hydrogen of redistribution forms a string bubble, as aeration, has repeated mixed process.Gas-liquid two-phase is flowed through when being the circular arc mozzle, forms the rotation fluidised form, forms whirlpool after entering blending bin, produces swabbing.The gas-liquid fluid throttle pipe of flowing through because of throttling produces high flow rate, is not only finished gas-liquid mixed when being sprayed onto cone, also realize distribution function just.Several times aeration type through the flake type cooler pan mixes, heat exchange, broken stream, the mixing at flake type cooler pan pod apertures place, gas collection in the circulation case, mixing, the heat exchange in the distributor, a plurality of processes such as the mixing that mixing, heat exchange and the cone that the suction of blending bin internal cause causes causes, heat exchange have improved heat exchange efficiency greatly.
Claims (9)
1. an aeration type cold hydrogen box is characterized in that comprising cold hydrogen distributor, flake type cooler pan, cloth hydrogen case, fluid-tight labyrinth assembly, circulation case, mozzle, blending bin, gas collection distributor and cone; Cold hydrogen distributor is arranged in the cloth hydrogen case, above the cloth hydrogen case flake type cooler pan is set, the place of keeping to the side offers the pod apertures of two or several symmetries on the cooler pan, and fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is connected on flake type cooler pan and the cloth hydrogen box plate, forms fluid-tight discharge opeing structure with cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell; The circulation case is arranged on the cloth hydrogen case outside below the cooler pan, is divided into two parts or a few part by dividing plate, and every partial material import is corresponding with the cooler pan pod apertures, and every part communicates with blending bin by mozzle, establishes several gases collection distributors in every part; Blending bin is arranged on below the cloth hydrogen case, and blending bin inside center position is provided with throttle pipe, and the below of throttle pipe is provided with cone; Described fluid-tight labyrinth assembly is made of interior ring, outer shroud and cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell, outer shroud be connected the flake type cooler pan following, place cloth hydrogen case inside,, there is the gap in its end along the base plate with cloth hydrogen case; Interior ring is connected on the cloth hydrogen box plate, and there are the gap in interior ring upper edge and flake type cooler pan; Inner and outer rings is arranged in concentric circles.
2. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 1, it is characterized in that described cold hydrogen distributor is straight tube, endless tube shape or rake shape structure, several apertures are evenly offered in its lower surface or side.
3. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with on the described flake type cooler pan several flake type deflection plates, the flake type deflection plate is shaped as the U type, is inverted V-type, rectangle or semicircle, edge several little teeth that evenly distribute, and the slit of offering is over against close pod apertures.
4. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 1, it is characterized in that described cloth hydrogen case is made of cylindrical shell and base plate, offer the fluid passage at the top of cylindrical shell, the pod apertures place that is positioned on the flake type deflection plate, the base plate suitable location is offered some clear opening of putting.
5. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 1, it is characterized in that described circulation case is the annular fluid passage that is made of cloth hydrogen case cylindrical shell, cooler pan, circulation box plate and cold hydrogen box cylindrical shell, several gases are set in the fluid passage collect distributor, gas is collected distributor and is made up of air distribution plate, deflection plate, base plate and side plate, and formation confined space, air distribution plate is the U type, offers several apertures on both wings, and the diameter of aperture is ∮ 0.5mm～∮ 30mm.
6. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 1, it is characterized in that described blending bin is made of cylindrical shell and base plate, throttle pipe places in the blending bin, and cone is set below throttle pipe.
7. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 3, it is characterized in that the angle of described flake type deflection plate and flake type cooling card is 0.5～10 °, the slit of offering is all in the face of close pod apertures.
8. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 5, it is characterized in that gas in the described circulation case collects distributor and be rule or irregular alignment, orientation is in the same way, with the angle of cooler pan be 1～90 °.
9. according to the described cold hydrogen box of claim 5, it is characterized in that described deflection plate is the U type, or openend spacing parallel with air distribution plate acutangulates between the two greater than the spacing of link; Base plate and air distribution plate, deflection plate one end are tightly connected, and being connected to of base plate and side plate is tightly connected, and the air distribution plate and the deflection plate other end are hatch frame; Gas is collected distributor top and circulation box top sealed attachment, and suitable space is established in bottom and circulation case bottom, and openend is towards fluid flow direction.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100686500A CN100386140C (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-04-27 | Aeration type cold hydrogen box |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200410050771.8 | 2004-10-29 | ||
| CN200410050771 | 2004-10-29 | ||
| CNB2005100686500A CN100386140C (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-04-27 | Aeration type cold hydrogen box |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1765483A CN1765483A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
| CN100386140C true CN100386140C (en) | 2008-05-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100686500A Active CN100386140C (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-04-27 | Aeration type cold hydrogen box |
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| CN (1) | CN100386140C (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3787189A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1974-01-22 | Standard Oil Co | Apparatus for mixing fluids in a vessel between beds of solids |
| EP0462753A1 (en) * | 1990-06-18 | 1991-12-27 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Improved interzone mixing device |
| EP0471117A1 (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1992-02-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Quench box assembly |
| CN2448440Y (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2001-09-19 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Vortex type hydrogen cooling box |
-
2005
- 2005-04-27 CN CNB2005100686500A patent/CN100386140C/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3787189A (en) * | 1971-12-17 | 1974-01-22 | Standard Oil Co | Apparatus for mixing fluids in a vessel between beds of solids |
| EP0471117A1 (en) * | 1988-12-14 | 1992-02-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Quench box assembly |
| EP0462753A1 (en) * | 1990-06-18 | 1991-12-27 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Improved interzone mixing device |
| CN2448440Y (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2001-09-19 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Vortex type hydrogen cooling box |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1765483A (en) | 2006-05-03 |
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