CN100382080C - Data processing method supporting quick retrieve of education source metadata - Google Patents
Data processing method supporting quick retrieve of education source metadata Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a data processing method for quickly searching metadata of educational resources, which supports Chinese E-Learning Technology Standards (CELTS). The present invention comprises data processing processes of a resource storing process, a keyword searching process, a full text searching process of the metadata, and a directory service publishing process for the resources; the present invention also comprises a resource data exchanging and solving method. The method of the present invention can be used for quickly searching the descriptive metadata of the educational resources, a great amount of educational resources can be managed efficiently, and the manufacture and the exchange of the educational resources can be conveniently carried out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of data processing of Network Educational Resources, particularly a kind of data processing method of supporting quick retrieve of education source metadata.
Background technology
Along with popularizing and the development of network infrastructure of internet, the distance education technique of China has begun to enter the new stage based on network.Aspect basic education, various places spontaneously emerge large quantities of education of middle and primary schools network school in recent years; Aspect higher education, the Ministry of Education has ratified the pilot work that 45 key universities carry out network remote education, accounts for 4.5% of China colleges and universities sum.Web education the time, unique advantage on the sky, determined it can realize extensive enrollment rapidly, realize changing to " mass education ".Aspect adult education, the original long-distance educational system in China various places forms the new frame of multiple medium coexistence to network transitions.In addition, how to utilize long-distance education to promote the development of the western higher education of China, becoming the much-talked-about topic that people pay close attention to, greatly develop modern distance education, for promoting China's education development and setting up life-long education system, realize the development by a stride of education, be of great immediate significance.Yet, because China does not also have to formulate the technical standard about network remote education at present, the resource of each Network Education System is established one's own system, can't realize effectively exchanging and and share, cause a large amount of low-level repeated developments, not only bring the waste of manpower and materials, and can't link up mutually with education system on the international networks, its consequence is hardly imaginable.In addition, along with China enters WTO, foreign Web education enters China will be inevitable.We should in time formulate the Chinese education technical standard of education services aspect, fully reflect the feature of China's educational culture.
The Ministry of Education has set up the modern distance education technology standardization council that is under the jurisdiction of under the national information technology standardization technical committee in 2000, make every effort on the basis of following the tracks of international related remote education skill standard, make a series of long-distance education standards that tally with the national condition.Simultaneously, the formal modern distance education technical standard research project that starts of science and technology department is called for short DLTS (DISTANCELEARNING TECHNOLOGY STANDARDS) project.Participated in the development work of DLTS standard from the expert of domestic eight prestigious colleges and universities.This project is background with the great development of international and domestic modern distance education with big competition; to promote and to protect the starting point that develops into of China's modern distance education; to realize resource sharing, back-up system interoperability, to ensure that long-distance education service quality is target; by following the tracks of the international standard research work and introducing relevant international standard; according to China's education actual conditions revision and the every standard of establishment, finally be formed with the modern distance education technical standard system of distinct Chinese characteristics.Can also form the information education research on standard troop an of China by this project, make China have the ability to participate in the world cooperation and competition in this field from now on.
The modern distance education technical standard council (DLTS) mainly is made up of the domestic education skill and the information technology expert of eight key universities such as Tsing-Hua University, the Central China University of Science and Technology, South China Science ﹠ Engineering University, East China Normal University, Hunan University, Shanghai Communications University, Peking University, Beijing Normal University.The DLTS council mainly is responsible for the research and the running of project, is responsible for popularization and the application of DLTS standard in China, comprises that the supervision of project process, conference organisations, information issue, standard test and popularization, training seminar make arrangements for, standard consulting and service.
China has started Chinese Web education technical standard (CELTS) research project since calendar year 2001, under the leader of science and technology department of the Ministry of Education, set up Chinese education informationization technology standard committee (CELTSC:Chinese E-Learning Technology Standardization Committee is called for short bid committee).This project is background with the great development of international and domestic Web education with big competition; to promote and to protect the starting point that develops into of China's Web education; to realize resource sharing, back-up system interoperability, to ensure that Web education service quality is target; by following the tracks of the international standard research work and introducing relevant international standard; and according to the actual conditions revision of China education with create every standard; the final Web education technical standard system with Chinese characteristics (Chinese E-LearningTechnology Standards is called for short CELTS) that forms.
The CELTS standard is divided three classes: basic standard, using standard and follow-up study project, and wherein basic standard is a core regular set in the standards system, comprises the Web education technical standard that can adopt and use for the various levels of education sector and various object; Using standard stresses standard in specific industry, level and Application for Field, be that some basic standard is in concrete level and Application for Field, both can form the educational resource construction specification as the learning object metadata standard, can form basic education resource metadata using standard at the basic education level again at this specific area of education resource; The follow-up study project mainly comprises the research project in education skill and some forward positions, learning art field, and Chinese scholars is studied for these advanced subject.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of educational resource flow chart of data processing that meets national regulation (CELTS), can realize the quick retrieval of educational resource based on this flow process, educational resource share and multiplexing.The present invention supports the relevant industries standard (Chinese E-Learning Technology Standards is called for short CELTS) that the IT application in education sector technical standard council of China Ministry of Education issues.The standard relevant with this disposal route comprise " learning object metadata specification " (CELTS-3) and " content packaging: information model standard " (CELTS-9).
A kind of data processing method of supporting the quick retrieve of education source metadata of CELTS standard, comprise: goods receiving, keyword retrieval, the full-text search of metadata, a series of flow chart of data processing of the directory service issue of resource and the exchanges data solution of resource.
The inventory xml document that the description metadata load data base that will meet the CELTS standard carries out keyword query and will meet the description metadata of the CELTS standard data processing method that the xml database carries out full-text search of packing into.
Support meets the educational resource warehouse-in of the standard of CELTS content packaging standard, and the switching method based on the distributed educational resource of the JMS service of J2EE framework and directory service comprises uploading of resource, download, the warehouse-in of description metadata.
A kind of educational resource management method based on the Internet is supported the CELTS national regulation, and this method comprises:
1) each substation point is distributed in different physical locations and region, and each substation point is in charge of uploading and downloading, management such as retrieval of local educational resource;
2) directory service website, each substation local educational resource information of naming a person for a particular job is published on the directory service website, and the user can obtain the educational resource descriptor of each substation point by it, reaches the purpose of resource sharing.
The data processing method of quick retrieve of education source metadata is to meet CELTS series national standard.
The distributed search localization method of courseware and educational resource, the user deposits in that distributed educational resource admin site by directory service station search courseware, directly locate courseware, or the educational resource admin site continuation Query Information that this courseware of continuation visit is deposited is downloaded or online browse study again according to Query Result location courseware deposit position.
The present invention by the data processing method of quick retrieve of education source metadata, reaches sharing and multiplexing purpose of educational resource by the described technical scheme of operation, the technological means of computing machine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the data processing method general flow chart of support quick retrieve of education source metadata of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that educational metadata of the present invention is handled concrete steps.
Fig. 3 is content packaging information model figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is LIST SERVER website of the present invention and educational resource management station point diagram.
Embodiment
1. the courseware form briefly introduces
Along with the continuous development of Web education, the shared and exchange of education resource is more and more important.The purpose of the content packaging information model standard in the CELTS series of canonical is exactly a kind of standard data structure that can be used for exchanging learning content of definition, for school and developer make the basis that education resource provides the normal data binding, thereby education resource can be exchanged and use mutually between different authoring tools, learning management system and running environment.The education resource of CELTS normalized definition is the set of a series of separate units, and these unit can be copied, transmit, buy, carry out and use, and these unit can be combined into bigger unit.The CELTS standard is not devoted to describe the content that can transplant, but describes a kind of method that can transplant and data layout for content packaging.
Based on the present invention, the flow process of the data processing method of quick retrieve of education source metadata is as follows: referring to Fig. 1
A) user is with the courseware of courseware development tool making, and making becomes the packed file that meets CELTS content packaging standard;
B) user utilizes the description metadata of defined in the courseware development tool mark CELTS standard; For example: author, production unit, keyword or the like;
C) packed file arrives educational resource admin site, concurrent message informing educational resource admin site by Network Transmission;
D) the educational resource admin site is resolved packed file, extracts required metadata and inserts database, and the user can utilize database, the retrieval and inquisition resource;
E) local educational resource admin site is published to (LDAP) in the directory service with the courseware description metadata according to the form that defines, and other website can utilize directory service to share the resource of issue.
Fig. 3 is the concept map of content packaging information model, and it has set forth the relation between each assembly of content packaging information model.The bag of describing among Fig. 3 is made up of two class essential elements: file and some actual physical files of content tissue and resource in specific description bag.This specific file is known as the content inventory file, and it has described the content and structure of course.In case a bag is synthesized for transmission when being an individual files, will be known as the packet switch file.This several sections of content packaging specifically is described below:
(as .zip .jar .cab), has comprised a top content inventory file to-independent file of packet switch file (Package Interchange File), and all physical files of quoting in this content inventory file.The packet switch file is that a kind of terse network sends form, a kind of method of transmission structure information.
Bag (Package)-one logical directories has comprised a top content inventory file, and the actual physical file under each sub-directory of quoting in this content inventory file.
A bag has been represented one group of learning content that can use separately.Its part that bag can be a course extracts use separately because teaching demand is arranged, also can be the set of a whole subject or some courses., it is the meaningful unit that can independently use, a bag must be reconfigured or be split.Become other bag.Bag must be able to independently exist, and promptly it has comprised and is moved separately or all information of needs when all information of needs are moved separately when multiplexing or when multiplexing.
Bag might not be compressed into a packet switch file, and it can be directly by CD or the issue of other removable media.The needed XML of content inventory file and this document supports that (DTD, XDR XSD) must place under the root directory of this release vehicle file.
Content inventory (Manifest)-content inventory is the description to significant teaching resource.A content inventory has also comprised the tissue and the presentation mode of one or more static teaching resources.Each content inventory example comprises following a few part:
Metadata part-content inventory is done whole the description.
Institutional framework part-described one or more institutional frameworks of content in content inventory.
Resource part-comprised is quoted all real resources and required media elements in the content inventory, also comprises the metadata and the quoting external file of describing resource.
Sub-content inventory-zero or a plurality of nested content inventory.
The reach of content inventory is telescopic.A content inventory is described learning content---the set of the part (teaching object) of course, a complete course or a series of courses that can independently use, and how to make up and split learning content is defined by contents producer.A bag always only comprises single top content inventory, can comprise zero or a plurality of sub-content inventory under the top content inventory.Top content inventory is responsible for describing whole bag, and nested sub-content inventory is described it and had jurisdiction over the interior learning content of level scope, and these learning contents can be split, reconfigure with multiplexing.
Connect tight so that can not split if form all the elements of course, contents producer just can use a content inventory to describe the resource and the institutional framework of whole course.Otherwise contents producer can make up these content inventory mutually for each teaching object making content inventory separately, can form the content inventory of the different courses of higher level.At last, a contents producer also can be put into a plurality of courses in the bag (course set), and so top content inventory will comprise each the teaching object content inventory that is comprised in each course level content inventory and the course.
Physical file (Physical files)-some actual media elements, text, image or other leave under each sub-directory of describing in the content inventory with the data that document form exists.Unlike bag, it can not independently be issued.Each physical resource or content inventory＜Resource describe in the element or at＜Resource listed files＜file of relying in list.The physical file of describing in content inventory is the same with the content inventory file to be the indispensable ingredient of bag.
2) first number is described standard and is briefly introduced
We mainly utilize the learning object metadata specification in the CELTS standard to describe educational resources such as courseware, and the data element of describing learning object is combined into different classifications.Basic framework is made up of 9 different classifications:
A) general class has been gathered the general information that learning object is carried out whole description.For example: title, language, keyword is described.
B) individuals and organizations that class was gathered the attribute relevant with current state with the history of learning object and effect was played in the development of learning object life cycle.For example: version, contributor, role.
C) first metadata category has been gathered some information about metadata record itself (noting it not being the described learning object of this metadata record).
Technology type has been gathered the technical requirement and the feature of learning object.For example: form, size, resource deposit position.
Educational education and the teaching feature of having gathered learning object.
F) the right class has been gathered the information of relevant learning object intellecture property and service condition.Relation object has been gathered the relation information of this learning object with other learning object.
The notes and commentary class has been gathered some evaluations on teaching is used of this learning object, and the author of these evaluations and creation time etc.
The classification class description this learning object residing position in specific categorizing system.
9 above classifications are formed the basic framework of metadata structure.Last classification, i.e. classification allows the user according to taxonomic structure arbitrarily learning object to be classified.Because any classification can both be cited, this classification provides a kind of simple extension mechanism.
Be example with courseware of concrete making now, introduce the data processing method of supporting quick retrieve of education source metadata in detail, Fig. 2 illustrates concrete block diagram.
S1 step at first, the user utilizes courseware development tool, finishes the making to courseware, carries out the S2 step then;
The S2 step, courseware development tool can be finished the making of courseware content, can also finish the work of mark courseware description metadata.For example mark the exercise question of courseware, production unit, Production Time, the keyword of courseware, brief introduction of courseware or the like is in detail referring to the CELTS standard.These descriptive informations generate life and are that the xml file of celtsmanifest.xml, user utilize courseware development tool to generate the courseware packed file of the above-mentioned CELTS of meeting standard, after the S2 step executes, carry out the S3 step according to the metadata description standard of CELTS;
The S3 step, the user arrives courseware upload by data exchange tool the ftp server of appointment, the descriptor that data exchange tool utilizes JMS messenger service (Java Message Service) that the courseware bag is used sends to local educational resource admin site, by the Internet this packed file is uploaded to local educational resource admin site, carry out the S4 step then;
The S4 step, local educational resource admin site obtains resource packet according to JMS message from the ftp service, extracts the celtsmanifest.xml in the packed file, and this document is existed under the designated directory, then carries out the S5 step;
The S5 step is inserted relevant database to CELTS core metadata clauses and subclauses wherein, and is set up index.Carry out the S6 step then;
The S6 step is inserted the xml database to celtsmanifest.xml.The S6 step executes, and then carries out the S7 step;
S7 step, courseware can be published on the LIST SERVER after finishing and uploading to local educational resource admin site.Whole like this flow chart of data processing has just been finished.
After courseware was finished and uploaded to local educational resource admin site, the user can visit local educational resource admin site, retrieved the title of courseware by the keyword retrieval of site-local, the author, time, keyword, brief introduction, also can utilize the full-text search function retrieval of xml database by the full-text search of site-local, the title of each chapters and sections of courseware, author, time, keyword, brief introduction.So local educational resource admin site offers the retrieval of the many granularities of user, promptly can retrieve the content of courseware, also can retrieve the chapters and sections content of courseware.For example user search Mars lands, and may find at the chapters and sections in the astronomical courseware, also may find in physical courseware.The user can obtain the courseware descriptor of the educational resource admin site of each different regions by the catalog service.For example: each school of graduate school of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Southeast China University all is provided with the educational resource admin site, the courseware that each school makes all uploads to educational resource admin site separately, and educational resource admin site is separately finished the educational resource management of school separately.The educational resource admin site of each school is published to the descriptive information of courseware resource on the LIST SERVER again simultaneously, the user can retrieve the information of all coursewares of graduate school of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Southeast China University by directory service, by these information, the user can obtain the address that courseware exists, carry out exchanges data, reach the purpose of resource sharing, referring to Fig. 4.
Claims (6)
1. a data processing method of supporting quick retrieve of education source metadata comprises: goods receiving, keyword retrieval, the full-text search of metadata, the a series of flow chart of data processing of the directory service issue of resource and the exchanges data of resource meet the CELTS standard, comprise the steps:
A) user is with the courseware of courseware development tool making, and making becomes the packed file that meets CELTS content packaging standard;
B) user utilizes the description metadata of defined in the courseware development tool mark CELTS standard;
C) packed file arrives educational resource admin site, concurrent message informing educational resource admin site by Network Transmission;
D) the educational resource admin site is resolved packed file, extracts required metadata and inserts database, and the user can utilize database, the retrieval and inquisition resource;
E) local educational resource admin site is published to LDAP in the directory service with the courseware description metadata according to the form that defines, and other website can utilize directory service to share the resource of issue.
2. the data processing method of support quick retrieve of education source metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the inventory xml document that the description metadata load data base that will meet the CELTS standard carries out keyword query and will meet the description metadata of the CELTS standard data processing method that the xml database carries out full-text search of packing into.
3. the data processing method of support quick retrieve of education source metadata according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, support meets the educational resource warehouse-in of the standard of CELTS content packaging standard, switching method based on the distributed educational resource of the JMS of J2EE framework service and directory service, comprise uploading of resource, download the warehouse-in of description metadata.
4. the data processing method of support quick retrieve of education source metadata according to claim 1 is characterized in that, based on the educational resource management method of the Internet, supports the CELTS national regulation, and this method comprises:
1) each substation point is distributed in different physical locations and region, and each substation point is in charge of uploading and downloading, searching, managing of local educational resource;
2) directory service website, each substation local educational resource information of naming a person for a particular job is published on the directory service website, and the user can obtain the educational resource descriptor of each substation point by it, reaches the purpose of resource sharing.
5. according to the data processing method of claim 1 or 4 described support quick retrieve of education source metadata, it is characterized in that, the distributed search of described courseware and educational resource, the user deposits in that distributed educational resource admin site by directory service station search courseware, directly locate courseware, or the educational resource admin site continuation Query Information that this courseware of continuation visit is deposited is downloaded or online browse study again according to Query Result location courseware deposit position.
6. according to the data processing method of the support quick retrieve of education source metadata of claim 1, its concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1, the user utilizes courseware development tool, finishes the making to courseware, carry out step 2 then;
Step 2, courseware development tool is finished the making of courseware content, also finish the work of mark courseware description metadata, generate life and be that the xml file of celtsmanifest.xml, user utilize courseware development tool to generate the courseware packed file of the above-mentioned CELTS of meeting standard; After step 2 executes, carry out step 3;
Step 3, the user arrives courseware upload by data exchange tool the ftp server of appointment, the descriptor that data exchange tool utilizes the JMS messenger service that the courseware bag is used sends to local educational resource admin site, by the Internet this packed file is uploaded to local educational resource admin site, execution in step 4 then;
Step 4, local educational resource admin site obtains resource packet according to JMS message from the ftp service, extracts the celtsmanifest.xml in the packed file, and this document is existed under the designated directory, then execution in step 5;
Step 5 is inserted relevant database to CELTS core metadata clauses and subclauses wherein, and is set up index execution in step 6 then;
Step 6 is inserted the xml database to celtsmanifest.xml, and step 6 executes, then execution in step 7;
Step 7, courseware are published on the LIST SERVER after finishing and uploading to local educational resource admin site, and whole like this flow chart of data processing has just been finished.
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| CN103631604B (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-06-08 | 华中师范大学 | A kind of standardized digital education resource management method based on CELTS-41 specification |
| CN110674321A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2020-01-10 | 完美世界(北京)软件科技发展有限公司 | Method and system for multiplexing resources |
| CN111611485A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-09-01 | 安徽新华传媒股份有限公司 | Method for intelligently recommending rich media teaching resources |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1338843A (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2002-03-06 | 白丽 | Remote mirroring education system based on broadband network for school |
| CN1393793A (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-29 | 北京国之源软件技术有限公司 | Method for using and updating network education resources |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1393793A (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-01-29 | 北京国之源软件技术有限公司 | Method for using and updating network education resources |
| CN1338843A (en) * | 2001-08-14 | 2002-03-06 | 白丽 | Remote mirroring education system based on broadband network for school |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 基于LDAP的教育资源元数据模式查询模型. 刘海容，蔡月茹，柳西玲.计算机工程与设计，第24卷第7期. 2003 * |
| 基于元数据的网络远程教育资源管理系统. 李莲花，刘渊.江南大学学报（自然科学版），第2卷第1期. 2003 * |
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