CN100378297C - Refrigeration condensing and air cooling facilities and its heat energy reclaiming system of turbo generator - Google Patents
Refrigeration condensing and air cooling facilities and its heat energy reclaiming system of turbo generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN100378297C CN100378297C CNB2004100848159A CN200410084815A CN100378297C CN 100378297 C CN100378297 C CN 100378297C CN B2004100848159 A CNB2004100848159 A CN B2004100848159A CN 200410084815 A CN200410084815 A CN 200410084815A CN 100378297 C CN100378297 C CN 100378297C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Abstract
The present invention relates to a refrigerant steam condensing and air cooling device of turbine generators, and a heat energy recovering system thereof, and a steam turbine converts heat energy into dynamic energy. Only 30% of the heat energy entering the steam turbine is converted into the dynamic energy, and 70% of the rest heat energy is cooled by a steam condenser, and is wasted. The existing condenser uses water for cooling, which means that a great amount of water is vaporized every year. The vacuum of the steam condenser can be influenced by the scale formation of a copper pipe of the steam condenser and the cyclical water temperature. The present invention uses the theory that liquid refrigerants absorb heat during the vaporization and releases the heat during the condensation to cool steam exhausted by the steam turbine and the cooling part of an air-absorbing device and reduce the wind temperature of the generator, and condensed water is heated by the absorbed heat. Therefore, the waste of water resources is reduced, the scale formation problem of the copper pipe of the condenser is solved, and the vacuum reliability is ensured. The work efficiency of the condenser of the steam turbine, the air-absorbing device and the generator are improved, and the heat economy of the steam turbine is greatly improved because the heat energy is recovered.
Description
Technical field
Present technique belongs to electric power generation system.
Background technique
Current condensing equipment generally is made up of critical piece such as vapour condenser, circulating water pump, air ejector (or vacuum pump) and condensate pump, cooling tower and the connecting tube between them and annex.
The simplest steam turbine equipment schematic representation such as accompanying drawing 1-steam turbine condensing equipment exemplary system, among the figure 1, vapour condenser, 2, recycle pump, 3, condensate pump, 4, vapor extractor, 5, cooling tower.
The steam discharge of steam turbine enters vapour condenser 1, and recycle pump 2 is constantly sent into vapour condenser 1 to cooling water, sucks the vapor condenses liberated heat, and steam is cooled and condenses into water, and water of condensation is condensed pump 3 from the extraction of vapour condenser bottom, is sent to boiler as feedwater.In vapour condenser, steam and water of condensation coexist, and vapor pressure is the pairing saturation pressure of adiabatic condensation temperature.As long as coolant water temperature is not high, under normal circumstances, the vapor condenses temperature is generally about 30 °, and the pairing saturation pressure of vapor condenses temperature of degree is about 4-5Kpa about 30 °, is significantly less than atmospheric pressure, forms high vacuum.At this moment, the condensing equipment and the pipe joint that are in negative pressure are not absolute tight, ambient air can bleed, in vapour condenser, accumulate the pressure that causes in the vapour condenser gradually for fear of these air that under normal temperature condition, can not condense and raise, generally adopt air ejector 4 constantly air to be extracted out from vapour condenser to keep the high vacuum in the vapour condenser.Cooling water has absorbed and has been sent to cooling tower 5 behind the vapor condenses liberated heat and continues to be recycled pump 2 after with the heat bulk storage and send into vapour condenser.
Steam turbine is the machine with conversion of heat into kinetic energy, and the heat energy that enters steam turbine has only 30% to change into kinetic energy, and remaining 70% can only be cooled off by vapour condenser.Vapour condenser now is because be to use water cooling to make vapor condenses become water of condensation, this just the annual a large amount of water of the meaning tower that is cooled evaporate and cause the very big water resources and the waste of heat resource.There is the producer of operating experience necessarily to know, the vacuum of vapour condenser can rise and fall by height with changes of seasons, circulating water temperature is high and can not absorb the exhaust steam heat of vapour condenser inside better because be warm summer, steam can not condense into water smoothly, vacuum is descended, because also can making the vacuum of vapour condenser reduce, the fouling of the inner copper pipe of vapour condenser influences generated energy simultaneously, so in order to solve copper pipe scale problems in the vapour condenser, device fabrication producer and user have thought a lot of methods, as increasing glueballs equipment, add acid etc. toward circulating water in vapour condenser water side.Fouling has some containment effects though these methods are to copper pipe, all can not put things right once and for all to such an extent that thoroughly do away with this problem, and at set intervals, the cleaning copper pipe all will be shut down in the power station, and washing cooling tower etc. have so promptly been wasted resource, money, also will influence generated energy.
In the condensing system, make vapour condenser inner set up and keep vacuum air ejector (or vacuum pump) cooling segment also usefulness be circulating water, so the instability of copper pipe fouling and water temperature also can influence the operational effect of air-extractor.Though the steam injecting type air ejector is used the water of condensation cooling steam more, because the high institute of condensing water temperature is so that the pumping efficiency reduction.
Owing to the temperature of setting up corresponding with it the so water of condensation of high vacuum will reduce, that unit that is used for heat-setting water draws gas and will increase in addition.And vapor condenses and liberated heat are recycled water-white and bleed off in vain in the vapour condenser, influence hot benefit greatly.
The air cooling device of present air-cooled generator also is cooled with circulating water, so the problem of copper pipe fouling in the vapour condenser, air cooling device exists too, has influenced the wind-warm syndrome cooling effect of generator.
Summary of the invention
The present invention attempts to solve following problem in sum: the consumption that 1, reduces cooling circulating water; 2, reduce the influence of the variation of seasonal temperature, eliminate the scale problems of condenser copper tube condenser vacuum.Improve stability, the reliability of condenser vacuum; 3, the heat that condenses of recovered steam, reduce because of set up condenser vacuum institute must energy consumption, the heat economy benefit of raising unit; 4, cooled electric generator and reclaim its heat; 5, reduce the cooling tower volume, reduce its floor space and the fund input of founding the factory.
In order to address the above problem, it is that the cooling working medium of vapour condenser cools off the condense cooler of turbine discharge, air extraction device and the method for air cooler of generators with circulating water directly that present technique is cast out original, quote the steam compression type refrigeration principle, heat absorption when utilizing the liquid refrigerant vaporization exactly, the principle of heat release during vapor condensation, cool off turbine discharge, air ejector must cooling segment, reduce generator inlet wind-warm syndrome and utilize absorb come heat heat-setting water.
Present technique is owing to adopt the refrigerant cools turbine discharge, the cooler of the air ejector in the condensing equipment and air cooler of generators, thus the waste of great lot of water resources reduced, and can not have the phenomenon of copper pipe fouling in the vapour condenser again, improved the stability of condenser vacuum, reliability.Thereby all expenses of cleaning the condenser copper tube dirt have been reduced; Eliminated with the influence of seasonal variations to condenser vacuum, air cooling device and empty working efficiency of taking out device also are improved.
Owing to there has not been huge cooling tower, so therefore construction fund and area reduce, because the preliminary heater of water of condensation has improved the temperature of water of condensation, the amount of drawing gas that steam turbine is used for heat-setting water can reduce accordingly.The power of steam turbine can correspondingly be increased, improved the heat-economy of steam turbine.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is steam turbine condensing equipment exemplary system figure, wherein 1, vapour condenser, and 2, recycle pump, 3, condensate pump, 4, vapor extractor, 5, cooling tower,
Fig. 2 is the steam compression type refrigerating schematic diagram, wherein 1, compressor, and 2, the freezing mixture condensation device, 3, capillary tube, 4, refrigerant evaporator,
Fig. 3 is this power cycle system diagram, wherein 1, motor, 2, compressor, 3, three preliminary heaters of water of condensation, 4, the preliminary heater of water of condensation secondary, 5, the once preliminary heater of water of condensation, 6, refrigerant cooler, 7, the refrigeration agent device for drying and filtering, 8, turbine condenser, 9, air cooler of generators, 10, the air ejector cooler, 11, pump condenses, 12, low-pressure heater, 13, the suction port of compressor valve, 14, the compressor outlet non-return flap, 15, the compressor outlet door, 16, refrigerant feeding inlet valve at the beginning of three times, 17, refrigerant feeding outlet portal at the beginning of three times, 18, refrigerant feeding bypass door at the beginning of three times, 19, secondary is the refrigerant feeding entrance door just, 20, secondary is the refrigerant feeding outlet portal just, 21, secondary is the refrigerant feeding bypass door just, 22, once first refrigerant feeding entrance door, 23, once first refrigerant feeding outlet portal, 24, once first refrigerant feeding bypass door, 25, refrigerant cooler refrigerant inlet door, 26, refrigerant cooler refrigerant outlet door, 27, refrigerant cooler refrigerant bypassing door, 28, vapour condenser refrigerant inlet door, 29, solenoid valve, 30, expansion valve, 31, vapour condenser refrigerant outlet door, 32, air cooler of generators refrigerant inlet door, 33, solenoid valve, 34, expansion valve, 35, the air cooler of generators outlet portal, 36, sky is taken out device cooler refrigerant entrance door, 37, solenoid valve, 38, expansion valve, 39, sky is taken out device cooler refrigerant outlet portal, 40, the pump intake door condenses, 41, the pump discharge non-return flap condenses, 42, the pump discharge door condenses, 43, once first pressure condensation water entrance door, 44, once first pressure condensation water outlet portal, 45, once first pressure condensation water bypass door, 46, secondary is the pressure condensation water entrance door just, 47, secondary is the pressure condensation water outlet portal just, 48, secondary is the pressure condensation water bypass door just, 49, pressure condensation water entrance door at the beginning of three times, 50, pressure condensation water outlet portal at the beginning of three times, 51, pressure condensation water bypass door at the beginning of three times, 52, the water of condensation recirculation door, 53, low pressure condensation water entrance door, 54, low pressure condensation water outlet portal, 55, low pressure condensation water bypass door, 56, sky is taken out device steam inlet door, 57, one section admission door that draws gas, 58, two sections admission doors that draw gas, 59, the vapour condenser air gate, 60, sky is taken out device air intlet door, 61, sky is taken out device row atmosphere, 62, sky is taken out two sections of devices and is taken out the hydrophobic door of device, 63, refrigerant cooler pump entry door, 64, the refrigerant cooler cooling water circulating pump, 65, refrigeration agent radiator cooler circulating-pump outlet non-return flap, 66, refrigeration agent radiator cooler circulating-pump outlet door, 67, refrigerant cooler water spraying tray entrance door, 68, refrigerant cooler cooling water water spraying tray
Fig. 4 is the preliminary heater structure figure of water of condensation, wherein 1, refrigerant inlet, and 2, refrigerant outlet, 3, water of condensation inlet, 4, water of condensation outlet, 5, U type pipe, 6, dividing plate, 7, impingement baffle, 8, impingement baffle, 9, tube sheet, 10, the cryogen chamber demarcation strip, 11, heat exchange chamber demarcation strip, 12, the emptying valve
Fig. 5 is the vapour condenser structure diagram, wherein 1, shell, and 2, the steam inlet, 3, hot well, 4, the refrigeration agent copper pipe, 5, throat, 6, vapour condenser vapour side space, 7, the gas port of finding time, 8, air cooling zone, 9, the female pipe of coolant inlet, 10, freezing mixture flow guide distribution pipe, 11, freezing mixture returns the liquid honeycomb duct, 12, freezing mixture returns the female pipe of liquid, 13, tube sheet, 14, dividing plate
Fig. 6 is the basic arrangement mode figure of tube bank, wherein 1, rounded projections arranged, and 2, shift axis and arrange, 3, radial arrangement,
Fig. 7 is an air cooling device vapour condenser internal refrigeration storage agent pipeline trend figure, wherein 1, the female pipe of refrigerant inlet, and 2, refrigeration agent flow guide distribution pipe, 3, cooling tube, 4, refrigeration agent returns the liquid honeycomb duct, 5, refrigeration agent returns the female pipe of liquid.
Specific embodiments
Its principle such as accompanying drawing 2-steam compression type refrigerating schematic diagram, among the figure 1, compressor, 2, the freezing mixture condensation device, 3, capillary tube, 4, refrigerant evaporator.
At first in vaporizer 4, cause certain environment under low pressure, make liquid refrigerant vaporization heat absorption rapidly under the low pressure condition (reducing vapour condenser, air ejector cooler, the temperature of palpus such as air cooler of generators chiller plant).By compressor 1 low pressure steam is become high temperature and high pressure steam then, and send into freezing mixture condensation device 2 and cool off, making vapor condensation is liquid, sends back to refrigerant evaporator 4 heat absorptions again and finish refrigeration cycle after normal temperature high voltage liquid is through throttle valve or capillary tube 3 step-downs.
Refrigeration agent as refrigeration working medium in above refrigeration cycle is wanted choose reasonable, it is nontoxic that desirable refrigeration agent requires its chemical property, have no irritating odor, little to metal erosion, with lubricant oil chemical reaction not, nonflammable, be difficult for blast, and good thermodynamic property is arranged, promptly under atmospheric pressure, the evaporating temperature in its vaporizer is low, and evaporating pressure is preferably close with atmospheric pressure, the pressure of condensing temperature correspondence is moderate, it is big that specific refrigerating effect and vaporization heat are wanted, and liquid refrigerant specific heat is little, and it is big that the specific heat of gas refrigerant is wanted, require the physical property of refrigeration agent to be; Setting temperature is low, and it is high that critical temperature is wanted, and it is big that thermal conductivity and heat release coefficient are wanted, and density and viscosity are wanted, and a little less than permeability should be imitated, leaks was little, should be found easily and definite leakage as seepage takes place; To oil certain dissolubility will be arranged, to water certain dissolubility will be arranged, harmless to human body, price is cheap, and is easy to obtain; Require refrigeration agent that good insulating property are not only arranged, and electric current by the time do not change its characteristic.
Accompanying drawing 3 is circulatory system figure of present technique.Among the figure 1, motor, 2, compressor, 3, three preliminary heaters of water of condensation, 4, the preliminary heater of water of condensation secondary, 5, the once preliminary heater of water of condensation, 6, refrigerant cooler, 7, refrigeration agent device for drying and filtering, 8, turbine condenser, 9, air cooler of generators.10, the air ejector cooler, 11, pump condenses, 12, low-pressure heater, 13, the suction port of compressor valve, 14, the compressor outlet non-return flap, 15, the compressor outlet door, 16, refrigerant feeding inlet valve at the beginning of three times, 17, refrigerant feeding outlet portal at the beginning of three times, 18, refrigerant feeding bypass door at the beginning of three times, 19, secondary is the refrigerant feeding entrance door just, 20, secondary is the refrigerant feeding outlet portal just, 21, secondary is the refrigerant feeding bypass door just, 22, once first refrigerant feeding entrance door, 23, once first refrigerant feeding outlet portal, 24, once first refrigerant feeding bypass door, 25, refrigerant cooler refrigerant inlet door, 26, refrigerant cooler refrigerant outlet door, 27, refrigerant cooler refrigerant bypassing door, 28, vapour condenser refrigerant inlet door, 29, solenoid valve, 30, expansion valve, 31, vapour condenser refrigerant outlet door, 32, air cooler of generators refrigerant inlet door, 33, solenoid valve, 34, expansion valve, 35, the air cooler of generators outlet portal, 36, sky is taken out device cooler refrigerant entrance door, 37, solenoid valve, 38, expansion valve, 39, sky is taken out device cooler refrigerant outlet portal, 40, the pump intake door condenses, 41, the pump discharge non-return flap condenses, 42, the pump discharge door condenses, 43, once first pressure condensation water entrance door, 44, once first pressure condensation water outlet portal, 45, once first pressure condensation water bypass door, 46, secondary is the pressure condensation water entrance door just, 47, secondary is the pressure condensation water outlet portal just, 48, secondary is the pressure condensation water bypass door just, 49, pressure condensation water entrance door at the beginning of three times, 50, pressure condensation water outlet portal at the beginning of three times, 51, pressure condensation water bypass door at the beginning of three times, 52, the water of condensation recirculation door, 53, low pressure condensation water entrance door, 54, low pressure condensation water outlet portal, 55, low pressure condensation water bypass door, 56, sky is taken out device steam inlet door, 57, one section admission door that draws gas, 58, two sections admission doors that draw gas, 59, the vapour condenser air gate, 60, sky is taken out device air intlet door, 61, sky is taken out device row atmosphere, 62, sky is taken out two sections of devices and is taken out the hydrophobic door of device, 63, refrigerant cooler pump entry door, 64, the refrigerant cooler cooling water circulating pump, 65, refrigeration agent radiator cooler circulating-pump outlet non-return flap, 66, refrigeration agent radiator cooler circulating-pump outlet door, 67, refrigerant cooler water spraying tray entrance door, 68, refrigerant cooler cooling water water spraying tray.
In accompanying drawing 3 system diagrams: motor 1 is the power source that drives compressor; Compressor 2 is the power of refrigeration agent in whole refrigeration cycle, and in order to prolong the working life of compressor, native system is established two compressor alternate runs.
Three preliminary heaters 3 of water of condensation, the preliminary heater 4 of secondary, once preliminary heater 5 is a kind of surface heat exchangers, plays with refrigeration agent from condenser the effect that the heat energy that the cooler place of air cooler of generators and air extraction device obtains comes heat-setting water.It has utilized the steam discharge heat energy of steam turbine, makes steam turbine be used for the amount of drawing gas of heat-setting water and reduces, thereby improved the hot benefit of steam turbine.Three preliminary heaters of water of condensation can be vertical also can be horizontal, the preliminary heater structure figure of its structure such as accompanying drawing 4-water of condensation is among the figure 1, refrigerant inlet, 2, refrigerant outlet, 3, water of condensation inlet, 4, the water of condensation outlet, 5, U type pipe, 6, dividing plate, 7, impingement baffle, 8, impingement baffle, 9, tube sheet, 10, cryogen chamber demarcation strip, 11, the heat exchange chamber demarcation strip, 12, the emptying valve.The high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant that comes out from compressor from refrigerant inlet 1 enter just add device and enter the water of condensation that just adds to 5 heating of U type pipe from water of condensation inlet 3 after, flow out from refrigerant outlet 2.Water of condensation after being heated is then come out from water of condensation outlet 4, and dividing plate 6 makes water of condensation evenly distribute and play the effect of supporting U type heating pipe along the heater length direction.Splash guard 7,8 is arranged in the inlet of refrigeration agent and the ingress of water of condensation makes refrigeration agent and water of condensation directly not wash away tube bank in order to avoid pipe is subjected to erosion.For heater design easy to maintenance is detachable shell construction, so that maintenance.
Refrigerant cooler 6: be in order further to reduce refrigerant temperature, thereby make cooling effect better, the coil pipe group that its heat transfer part is made up of naked pipe formula fin tube, a part is immersed in the water, a part is mounted aloft, and refrigeration agent flows into by refrigerant inlet valve 25.Be clipped to flow condensation in each disk-shaped tube from bottom to top, flow out from refrigerant outlet valve 26.Cooling water sprays from top to bottom from the disk-shaped tube outside and drenches down, sucks a large amount of cooling airs simultaneously, impels the heat of cooling water draw refrigerant and evaporates, and the water vapor after the evaporation is taken away by air, and refrigeration agent is then emitted heat and further liquefied.Spray drenching cooling water down carries with recycle pump 64: from basin bottom through pump entry valve 63 to recycle pump 64, pressurized after outlet check valve 65, outlet valve 66 is through water spraying tray inlet valve 67, to water spraying tray 68, under water drenched.For preventing that moisture content scatters and disappears, the dash waffle slab is housed above water spraying tray, make the moisture content of the evaporation drippage that condenses.When the temperature of air was lower than the temperature of water, air was also up to the effect of cooling.
Refrigeration agent device for drying and filtering 7 is made up of exsiccator and filter two-part, and the effect of filter is the impurity in the elimination refrigeration agent, as metal fillings, and dirt sand etc.Filter generally is contained on the refrigerant liquid pipeline between refrigerant cooler and the throttling arrangement.Inhale the vapour side at compressor and also can adorn low-pressure filter, prevented that impurity is drawn onto in the compressor, damage valve block and cylinder, but this filter must have bigger filter area, to avoid producing the pressure loss.The effect of exsiccator is the residual moisture content of eliminating in the refrigeration system, prevents to produce ice berg (freezing stifled), reduces equipment and Corrosion of Pipeline, and device for drying and filtering also can be divided into exsiccator and filter is installed respectively.
The whether reasonable working efficiency that directly influences vapour condenser that the refrigeration agent tube bank is arranged.General refrigerant pipe basic arrangement mode on tube sheet has the basic arrangement mode figure of three kinds as accompanying drawing 6-tube bank, among the figure 1, rounded projections arranged, and 2, shift the axis arrangement, 3, radial arrangement, its arranged generally should be followed following principle:
1, steam has just entered when tube bank, the flow maximum, the flow area sudden change, vapour locking accounts for the sizable ratio of total vapour locking herein, should be initial several array of pipes rows rarer.
2, the heat load for fear of the internal layer tube bank is low excessively, should have passage to make steam can directly go deep into the internal layer tube bank, and should lack as much as possible along the tube row number of steam flow direction, to reduce the vapour locking of main condensing zone.
3, in order to eliminate the surfusion of water of condensation, reduce thermal loss, should have certain passage to make steam can freely flow to hot well, come heat-setting water to use steam discharge.
4, should make every effort to straightforward by the vapour condenser steam inlet to the path of bleeding point so that flow to pressure on the whole distance of bleeding point fall less, like this when the pressure one of bleeding point regularly, the vacuum in the vapour condenser is maintainable higher.
5, for cooling air more effectively and make remaining small amount of steam continue to condense, to increase the supercooling degree of the steam-air mixture of discharging, reduce the working medium loss, thereby reduce the load of air ejector, must mark part refrigeration copper pipe as air cooling zone, in order to improve the heat-transfer effect of air cooling zone, air-steam mixture should have higher flow velocity, so need to add suitable baffle plate, and tube bank is arranged closeer at air cooling zone.
6, in order to prevent that steam from directly entering air cooling zone without main tube bank, and steam-air mixture directly flows to bleeding point without air cooling zone, must add baffled between tube bank and housing.
7, in order to reduce the supercooling degree of water of condensation, water of condensation should be drawn respectively from different places with air mixture, and distance should be a little further each other.
8, be cooled in the tube bank outside in order to control water of condensation and to fall, should be by dress water of condensation collecting board between tube bank, the position of collecting board and direction should meet the rule of steam flow steam-operating, with the minimizing vapour locking.Refrigeration agent has a variety of situations in the tendency mode of vapour condenser inside, and the simplest two kinds of tendency example case only are provided here; As accompanying drawing 7-air cooling device vapour condenser internal refrigeration storage agent pipeline trend figure, among the figure 1, the female pipe of refrigerant inlet, 2, refrigeration agent flow guide distribution pipe, 3, cooling tube, 4, refrigeration agent returns the liquid honeycomb duct, 5, refrigeration agent returns the female pipe of liquid.Female pipe 1 of refrigerant inlet and the female pipe of time liquid 5 same places that all are installed on the vapour condenser shell.Do the seepage channel that can reduce air like this, increase the leakproofness of vapour condenser.For the refrigeration agent in the female pipe 1 of further cooling refrigeration agent inlet, improve refrigerating capacity, enter between the flow guide distribution pipe at refrigeration agent, the female pipe 1 of refrigerant inlet is wanted and the low female pipe 5 of liquid that pushes back is adjacent to, making it carry out heat exchange fully carried out cold, the effect of refrigeration agent flow guide distribution pipe 2 is to make the refrigeration agent every cooling tube 3 of flowing through, and it is to return the female pipe 5 of liquid in order to make all refrigeration agents be recovered to refrigeration agent from cooling tube that refrigeration agent returns liquid honeycomb duct 4, flows out vapour condenser.
The tendency of the freezing mixture of air cooler of generators 9 inside also is such, as accompanying drawing 7.The also main cooling zone of forming by numerous tube banks.Lead to refrigeration agent in the pipe, need the air of cooling to cycle through and obtain cooling between tube bank, in order to increase the cooling area of contact, reinforcement is conducted heat, and the appearance of cooling tube can be equipped with aluminium matter alloy flakey thin slice or spirality heat radiation silk.
Air cooling device is the important component part of generator, equally during generator operation want the produce power loss with other motor, this part loss power is a heat at the generator inner transformation, make the heating of rotor and stator coil, reduce its insulation degree for the insulating material Yin Wendu that does not make generator coil is too high, cause insulation damages, just must discharge these heats that produce by loss.Air cooling device will be discharged the generator electromagnetic consumable and the heat that produces just, runs well under the temperature that allows to guarantee generator.
The air ejector important component part that is absolutely necessary in the steam turbine condensing equipment, its task are to set up the high vacuum that keeps in the vapour condenser.Be the steam injecting type air ejector shown in the accompanying drawing 3, but in actual set air ejector can divide 1, vacuum displacement pump; Mainly contain slide-valve vacuum pump, mechanical booster pump and water-ring pump etc.2, jet type vacuum pump; Mainly be stream-jet ejector and water jet air ejector etc.No matter be any air-extractor, the part that need cool off is all arranged.As in the steam injecting type air ejector, steam need condense; In air-extractors such as jetting formula air ejector or mechanical centrifugal vacuum pump and Nash hytor, its used medium water need cool off, the heat transfer part of air ejector cooler 10 is made up of the refrigeration tube bank, walk refrigeration agent in the tube bank, the tube bank outside is the medium that needs cooling, and the refrigerant flow direction tendency of refrigeration agent in the air ejector cooler also can be with reference to figure 7.
Solenoid valve the 29,33, the 37th, the electric valve in the refrigeration system, its power supply also are subjected to respectively to control from the electrical signal of the temp controller of vapour condenser, air cooling device, air ejector cooler except the control of machine starter by compression.Solenoid valve is serially connected in the refrigeration system and cooperates with expansion valve, pass through or disconnects, its common and same enable switch that connects of compressor with fluid in the control refrigeration system.Stopping, opening of cooperation compressor switches on or off refrigeration agent automatically.When compressor stops, can cut off refrigeration agent and enter equipment such as vapour condenser, air cooling device, air ejector cooler, in case wet vapor enters compressor and produces liquid hammer during compressor shutdown.When the temperature of vapour condenser, air cooling device, air ejector cooler is lower than permission proper functioning value, corresponding with it solenoid valve accepts to cut out from the shutdown signal of corresponding temp controller, when its temperature recovery when the predefined operating temperature, solenoid valve is accepted the signal that corresponding temp controller transmits and is opened.When closed electromagnetic valve all in the refrigeration system, compressor is out of service.When wherein there being a solenoid valve to open, compressor also startup immediately puts into operation.Certainly this will have thermal technology's circuit to assist to finish.
Expansion valve the 30,34, the 38th, the controlling device of refrigeration system, be used for regulating the flow of refrigeration agent, the form of expansion valve is a lot, but their basic principle all is the same, an aperture that adapts to refrigerant flow is wherein all arranged, when making refrigeration agent pass through aperture, be subjected to very big resistance, the refrigerant pressure that sprays from aperture descends, flow velocity increases, when liquid refrigerant when becoming low pressure by high pressure, carburation by evaporation heat absorption, reach the refrigeration purpose.The effect one of expansion valve is that low pressure refrigerant is reduced in the high-pressure refrigerant throttling, makes the refrigeration agent boiling be expanded to steam; The 2nd, the circulating load of regulating refrigeration agent, to adapt to the variation needs of whole refrigerant system capacity, when refrigerating capacity was big, heat load increased the weight of, and the liquid supply rate of expansion valve increases accordingly, refrigerating capacity hour, heat load is little, and the liquid supply rate of expansion valve is corresponding also to be reduced.
Be flow process introduction below about this power cycle system diagram 3:
At first vapour condenser 8, air cooling device 9, refrigeration agent in the air ejector cooler 10 is vaporization heat absorption rapidly under environment under low pressure, by compressor 2 low temperature and low pressure steam is become high temperature and high pressure steam then, get from compressor outlet check valve 14, compressor outlet valve 15, enter three preliminary heaters 3 of water of condensation through valve 16, flow out from valve 17 behind the heat-setting water, the road enters the preliminary heater 4 of water of condensation secondary through valve 19, flow out from valve 20 behind the heat-setting water again, enter the once preliminary heater 5 of water of condensation, heat-setting water through valve 22.Flow out from valve 23 again, cause valve 25 through pipeline and enter refrigerant cooler 6, after further cooling becomes the low temperature liquid refrigeration agent with refrigeration agent, flow out arrival refrigeration agent device for drying and filtering 7 through valve 26, moisture content in the refrigeration agent and contaminant particles are removed, and refrigeration agent is divided into three the tunnel then: the first via arrives solenoid valve 37 through valve 36, enter air extraction device cooler 10 after expansion valve 38 throttling step-downs, the medium that needs are cooled off cools off.Refrigeration agent after the heat absorption vaporization enters into compressor 2 through valve 39, valve 13.
The second the tunnel, through valve 28, arrival solenoid valve 29 enters turbine condenser 8 after the 30 throttling step-downs of expanding, and turbine discharge is cooled off it is condensed, and the refrigeration agent after the heat absorption vaporization enters compressor 2 through valve 31, valve 13; Third Road through valve 32, to solenoid valve 33, enters air cooler of generators after expansion valve 34 throttling step-downs, cooling enters the air of generator, reduces the generator wind-warm syndrome, and the refrigeration agent after the heat absorption vaporization enters compressor 2 through valve 35, valve 13.
The water of condensation of being cooled off by vapour condenser, condensed pump 11 from check valve 41 through valve 40, the pump discharge valve 42 that condenses is got, enter the once preliminary heater 5 of water of condensation through valve 43, after the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant heating, flow out from valve 44, enter the preliminary heater 4 of water of condensation secondary through valve 46, again by after the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant heating, flow out from valve 47, enter three preliminary heaters 3 of water of condensation, flowed out from valve 50 by High Temperature High Pressure refrigeration heating back again through valve 29, enter low-pressure heater 12 through valve 53, flow out to low adding at last to oxygen-eliminating device from valve 54.Water of condensation recycle valve 52 be open at steam turbine, when shutting down or steam turbine load more after a little while, add for guaranteeing vapour condenser that the well water position establishes.
Cooling circulating water in the refrigerant cooler 6, be cooled water-circulating pump 64 from check valve 65 through basin bottom valve 63, circulating-pump outlet valve 66 is got through valve 67 and is arrived cooling water pond 68, drench internal flow and refrigeration agent, on the coil pipe group of forming by naked pipe formula fin tube, get back in the circulating water pool at last.
For the ease of maintenance, at the once preliminary heater of water of condensation, the preliminary heater of water of condensation secondary, the refrigerant side and the water of condensation side of three preliminary heaters of water of condensation are equipped with by-pass valve; Refrigerant side at refrigerant cooler also is equipped with by-pass valve.So that when wherein having an equipment to overhaul, itself and system are cut off.
For the ease of drawing illustrate, thus three preliminary heaters of water of condensation are arranged among the native system figure, and in fact these three preliminary heaters are preliminary heating groups.
The steam that does not condense on a small quantity in the vapour condenser and since a variety of causes leaked-in air via valve 59, valve 60 arrives air ejector cooler 10, constantly extracted out, be discharged in the atmosphere, if used air-extractor is the steam injecting type air ejector, its steam is taken out device 57, two sections through valve 56 to a section of air extraction device and is bled 58, enter cooled dose of cooling of cooling chamber after the acting after, enter turbine condenser 8 through U type pipe and valve 62.
Claims (1)
1. power cycle system, comprising steam turbine generator refrigeration type condensing and air cooling apparatus, and heating power reclaiming system: utilize liquid refrigerant, cool off turbine discharge, medium that the air ejector of coagulator must be lowered the temperature and the inlet wind-warm syndrome that reduces generator, it is characterized in that: refrigeration agent comes out from compressor, through the outlet check valve, outlet valve arrives three preliminary heater refrigerant inlet valves of water of condensation through pipeline, enter three preliminary heaters of water of condensation, three preliminary heaters of water of condensation are surface heat exchangers, its heat transfer part is the tube bank of U type, sidle refrigeration agent in the tube bank, sidle water of condensation outward, refrigeration agent and the water of condensation flow direction in three preliminary heaters of water of condensation is opposite, refrigeration agent comes out from three preliminary heater refrigerant outlet valves of water of condensation, pass through the preliminary heater refrigerant inlet of water of condensation secondary valve through pipeline, enter the preliminary heater of water of condensation secondary, the preliminary heater of water of condensation secondary is a surface heat exchanger, its heat transfer part is the tube bank of U type, sidle refrigeration agent in the tube bank, sidle water of condensation outward, refrigeration agent and the water of condensation flow direction in the preliminary heater of water of condensation secondary is opposite, refrigeration agent comes out from the preliminary heater refrigerant outlet of water of condensation secondary valve, pass through the once preliminary heater refrigerant inlet valve of water of condensation through pipeline, enter the once preliminary heater of water of condensation, the once preliminary heater of water of condensation is a surface heat exchanger, its heat transfer part is the tube bank of U type, sidle refrigeration agent in the tube bank, sidle water of condensation outward, refrigeration agent and the water of condensation flow direction in the once preliminary heater of water of condensation is opposite, refrigeration agent comes out from the once preliminary heater refrigerant outlet valve of water of condensation, arrive refrigerant cooler refrigerant inlet valve through pipeline, enter refrigerant cooler, the coil pipe group that the heat transfer part of refrigerant cooler is made up of naked pipe formula fin tube, a part is immersed in the water in pond, a part is mounted aloft, after refrigeration agent flows into, be clipped in each disk-shaped tube mobile from bottom to top, refrigerant cools circulating water enters cooling water circulating pump through the bottom pipe water conservancy diversion, arrive water spraying tray through the recycle pump pressurization by pipeline, drench on the coil pipe group of forming by naked pipe formula fin tube, get back in the circulating water pool at last; Refrigeration agent comes out from cooling unit refrigerant outlet valve, arrive the refrigeration agent device for drying and filtering through pipeline, be divided into three the tunnel: the one tunnel then and guide to solenoid valve enters the air extraction device then by expansion valve cooler through pipeline, the heat transfer part of air ejector cooler is made up of the refrigeration tube bank, walk refrigeration agent in the tube bank, the tube bank outside is the medium that needs cooling, refrigeration agent comes out from the cooler refrigerant outlet valve of air extraction device, return the compressed machine inlet valve of the female pipe of liquid to refrigeration agent and enter compressor, two the tunnel guide to another solenoid valve through pipeline, enter turbine condenser by another expansion valve then, refrigeration agent copper pipe tube bank in the vapour condenser is contained on the tube sheet, flow of refrigerant is in the copper pipe inboard, come in through refrigeration agent flow guide distribution pipe from the female pipe of refrigerant inlet, be assigned in each root refrigeration copper pipe, return the liquid honeycomb duct through refrigeration agent again and be pooled to back the female pipe of liquid, flow out vapour condenser from returning the female pipe of liquid, turbine discharge is come in from the steam inlet that Condenser Top and turbine discharge cylinder join, contact with the outer wall of refrigeration agent copper pipe, condense into water, accumulate in the hot well and take away by the pump that condenses, refrigeration agent comes out from vapour condenser refrigerant outlet valve, return the female pipe of liquid to refrigeration agent, compressed machine inlet valve enters compressor; Three the tunnel guide to another solenoid valve through pipeline, enter air cooler of generators by another expansion valve then, the main cooling zone that air cooler of generators is made up of numerous tube banks, logical refrigeration agent in the pipe, need the air of cooling between tube bank, to cycle through and obtain cooling off, strengthen conducting heat in order to increase the cooling area of contact, the appearance of pipe is equipped with aluminium matter alloy scale or spirality heat radiation silk, refrigeration agent comes out from air cooling device refrigerant outlet valve, return the female pipe of liquid to refrigeration agent, compressed machine inlet valve enters compressor; Water of condensation is introduced through the pump intake valve that condenses and is condensed pump from the pump check valve that condenses, the pump discharge valve that condenses comes out, arrive the once preliminary heater water of condensation inlet valve of water of condensation through pipeline, enter the once preliminary heater of water of condensation, come out from the once preliminary heater water of condensation outlet valve of water of condensation, pass through the preliminary heater water of condensation of water of condensation secondary inlet valve through pipeline, enter the preliminary heater of water of condensation secondary, come out from the preliminary heater water of condensation of water of condensation secondary outlet valve, enter three preliminary heaters of water of condensation through pipeline by three preliminary heater water of condensation inlet valves of water of condensation, come out from three preliminary heater water of condensation outlet valves of water of condensation, enter low-pressure heater through pipeline from low-pressure heater water of condensation inlet valve, come out to arrive oxygen-eliminating device from low-pressure heater water of condensation inlet valve then through pipe, water of condensation has a recirculation (egr) valve and the logical vapour condenser of getting back to of pipeline to the pipeline of low-pressure heater, the steam that does not condense on a small quantity in the vapour condenser and since a variety of causes leaked-in air constantly release by air ejector, to keep the vacuum state in the vapour condenser.
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| CNB2004100848159A CN100378297C (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2004-10-01 | Refrigeration condensing and air cooling facilities and its heat energy reclaiming system of turbo generator |
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| CNB2004100848159A CN100378297C (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2004-10-01 | Refrigeration condensing and air cooling facilities and its heat energy reclaiming system of turbo generator |
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| CN100378297C true CN100378297C (en) | 2008-04-02 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101140062B (en) * | 2007-10-19 | 2011-05-18 | 冼泰来 | Multifunctional vacuum recirculated water cabin |
| CN101619932B (en) * | 2009-07-17 | 2013-02-27 | 山东泓奥电力科技有限公司 | Energy-saving control system for improving condenser vacuum |
| CN102183157B (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2012-11-28 | 戴军 | Energy-saving control device and method for condenser system of power plant |
| CN102517855A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | 苏州方暨圆节能科技有限公司 | Turbine rotor afterheat wind energy composite cloth drying device |
| CN102517854A (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-06-27 | 苏州方暨圆节能科技有限公司 | Composite clothes drying device by utilizing waste heat of steam turbine rotor plate |
| CN104405462A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-03-11 | 中山昊天节能科技有限公司 | Energy conversion system for converting air energy into electric energy |
| CN104373159A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-02-25 | 中山昊天节能科技有限公司 | Small air energy generator |
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| US4343999A (en) * | 1980-11-04 | 1982-08-10 | Duke Power Company | Steam-electrical generating system using geothermal heat source |
| CN1034964C (en) * | 1989-12-06 | 1997-05-21 | 何敬东 | Cold, heat electric shaft producting device |
| WO1998053184A1 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Gas and steam turbine system, and refrigeration of the coolant intended for the gas turbine in such a system |
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| US6769256B1 (en) * | 2003-02-03 | 2004-08-03 | Kalex, Inc. | Power cycle and system for utilizing moderate and low temperature heat sources |
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| CN1755065A (en) | 2006-04-05 |
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