CN100378007C - Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhanced ultrafiltration and foam air flotation method for treating cadmium-containing wastewater - Google Patents
Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhanced ultrafiltration and foam air flotation method for treating cadmium-containing wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 30
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 electric power Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种中空纤维超滤膜强化超滤和泡沫气浮处理含镉废水的方法，工艺步骤为：1)将阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠加入到含镉废水中，搅拌均匀静置反应，由蠕动泵送至超滤膜组件过滤流入气浮柱；2)通过空气压缩机从气浮柱底端曝气头鼓入空气，将步骤1所产生的超滤后的出水从气浮柱中部引入，利用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠自身具有的表面活性剂起泡的性质，使残留的十二烷基硫酸钠形成有吸附功能的气泡，吸附水中残留的低浓度镉离子；3)由步骤2所产生的携带镉离子的气泡上浮，从气浮柱的顶端泡沫出口流出，水从气浮柱底部出口达标排出。本发明具有去除效果好、能耗低、操作简单、表面活性剂用量少、成本低等优点。A method for treating cadmium-containing wastewater with hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhanced ultrafiltration and foam air flotation, the process steps are: 1) adding anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate to cadmium-containing wastewater, stirring evenly and standing for reaction , sent to the ultrafiltration membrane module by peristaltic pump to filter and flow into the air flotation column; 2) air is blown into the aeration head from the bottom of the air flotation column through the air compressor, and the ultrafiltered effluent produced in step 1 is discharged from the air flotation column Introduced in the middle, using the foaming properties of the anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate itself, the residual sodium lauryl sulfate forms bubbles with adsorption function, and absorbs the residual low-concentration cadmium ions in the water; 3) The bubbles carrying cadmium ions generated in step 2 float up and flow out from the foam outlet at the top of the air flotation column, and the water is discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the air flotation column up to the standard. The invention has the advantages of good removal effect, low energy consumption, simple operation, less surfactant consumption, low cost and the like.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于重金属废水的膜处理法，具体涉及一种利用中空纤维超滤膜强化超滤和泡沫气浮处理含镉废水的方法。The invention belongs to a membrane treatment method for heavy metal wastewater, in particular to a method for treating cadmium-containing wastewater by utilizing hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes to strengthen ultrafiltration and foam air flotation.
背景技术 Background technique
随着我国经济持续增长，钢铁、电力、水泥、电解等重工业投资规模增大，产品产量增加迅速，重金属类污染日趋严重。目前重金属废水的治理方法主要有化学沉淀法、吸附法、离子交换法、生物法、膜分离法等。沉淀法工艺简单、操作方便、经济实用，在废水处理中应用广泛，但无法实现重金属的回收利用，沉渣的堆放也可能造成二次污染。吸附法处理重金属废水受吸附剂的种类、吸附剂的添加量、废水的成分、废水的浓度、pH值、吸附时间等多种因素控制，实际操作难度较大，而且选择性不高。离子交换法处理重金属废水，净化程度高，可以回收，无二次污染，但实际处理成本很高。生物法因为工艺中有许多问题有待解决，其应用并不广泛，耐负荷冲击性能不高。膜分离法处理重金属废水的方式主要有电渗析法、反渗透法、纳滤法等，具有污染物去除率高，能回收废水中的重金属盐，工艺简单的突出优点，但是由于电渗析膜、反渗透膜、纳滤膜本身的成本较高，所需操作压力较大，造成膜法处理重金属废水的投资、运行成本偏高，影响了其在大规模工业废水处理中的应用。With the continuous growth of my country's economy, the scale of investment in heavy industries such as iron and steel, electric power, cement, and electrolysis has increased, the output of products has increased rapidly, and heavy metal pollution has become increasingly serious. At present, the treatment methods of heavy metal wastewater mainly include chemical precipitation method, adsorption method, ion exchange method, biological method, membrane separation method and so on. The precipitation method is simple, easy to operate, economical and practical, and is widely used in wastewater treatment, but it cannot realize the recovery and utilization of heavy metals, and the stacking of sediments may also cause secondary pollution. Adsorption treatment of heavy metal wastewater is controlled by various factors such as the type of adsorbent, the amount of adsorbent added, the composition of the wastewater, the concentration of the wastewater, the pH value, and the adsorption time. The actual operation is difficult and the selectivity is not high. The ion exchange method treats heavy metal wastewater, which has a high degree of purification, can be recycled, and has no secondary pollution, but the actual treatment cost is very high. The biological method is not widely used because there are many problems to be solved in the process, and its load impact resistance is not high. Membrane separation methods to treat heavy metal wastewater mainly include electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, etc., which have the outstanding advantages of high pollutant removal rate, ability to recover heavy metal salts in wastewater, and simple process. However, due to electrodialysis membrane, The cost of reverse osmosis membrane and nanofiltration membrane itself is high, and the required operating pressure is relatively high, resulting in high investment and operating costs for membrane treatment of heavy metal wastewater, which affects its application in large-scale industrial wastewater treatment.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种去除效果好、能耗低、操作简单、表面活性剂用量少、成本低的含镉废水处理方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for treating cadmium-containing wastewater with good removal effect, low energy consumption, simple operation, less surfactant consumption and low cost.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：本发明的中空纤维超滤膜强化超滤和泡沫气浮处理含镉废水的方法，其工艺步骤为：1)将阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)加入到含镉废水中，搅拌均匀静置反应，由蠕动泵送至超滤膜组件过滤，截留吸附了水中镉离子的表面活性剂，水和少量表面活性剂以及未被吸附的镉离子透过膜流入气浮柱；2)通过空气压缩机从气浮柱底端曝气头鼓入空气，将步骤1所产生的超滤后的出水从气浮柱中部引入，利用阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠自身具有的表面活性剂起泡的性质，使残留的十二烷基硫酸钠形成有吸附功能的气泡，通过吸附作用吸附水中残留的低浓度镉离子；3)由步骤2所产生的携带镉离子的气泡上浮，从气浮柱的顶端泡沫出口流出，水从气浮柱底部出口排出，其中镉离子浓度达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-96)要求(小于0.1mg/L)。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: the method for the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhanced ultrafiltration of the present invention and foam air flotation treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater, its process steps are: 1) anionic surfactant 12 Alkyl sodium sulfate (SDS) is added to the cadmium-containing wastewater, stirred evenly and left to react, then sent to the ultrafiltration membrane module for filtration by a peristaltic pump, intercepting and adsorbing the surfactant of cadmium ions in the water, water and a small amount of surfactant and untreated The adsorbed cadmium ions flow into the air flotation column through the membrane; 2) the air is blown into the air from the aeration head at the bottom of the air flotation column through the air compressor, and the ultrafiltered effluent produced in step 1 is introduced from the middle of the air flotation column, Utilize the foaming properties of the surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate itself, so that the residual sodium lauryl sulfate forms bubbles with adsorption function, and absorb the low concentration of cadmium ions remaining in the water through adsorption; 3) The bubbles carrying cadmium ions generated in step 2 float up and flow out from the foam outlet at the top of the air flotation column, and the water is discharged from the bottom outlet of the air flotation column, in which the cadmium ion concentration reaches the "Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-96) requirements (less than 0.1mg/L).
步骤1、2、3中(1)步骤1的进水镉离子初始浓度为5～50mg/L；(2)SDS添加量为3.00×10-3～9.37×10-3mol/L；(3)膜操作压力值0.03Mpa～0.09Mpa；(4)静置反应时间0.5～10h；(5)泡沫气浮空气流量为60～140L/h；(6)废水流量为1～8L/h；(7)泡沫停留时间为2～20min；(8)曝气头孔径10μm～100μm。In steps 1, 2, and 3 (1) the initial concentration of cadmium ions in step 1 is 5 to 50 mg/L; (2) the amount of SDS added is 3.00×10 -3 to 9.37×10 -3 mol/L; (3 ) Membrane operating pressure value 0.03Mpa ~ 0.09Mpa; (4) static reaction time 0.5 ~ 10h; (5) foam air flotation air flow rate is 60 ~ 140L/h; (6) waste water flow rate is 1 ~ 8L/h; ( 7) The residence time of the foam is 2-20 minutes; (8) The pore size of the aeration head is 10 μm-100 μm.
所述超滤膜的材质为聚砜或聚醚砜。The material of the ultrafiltration membrane is polysulfone or polyethersulfone.
本发明的优点或者积极效果：Advantages or positive effects of the present invention:
1、去除效果好，出水可以达标直接排放。中空纤维超滤膜强化超滤和泡沫气浮出水中镉离子的浓度小于0.1mg/L，镉离子的去除率大于99.80％。1. The removal effect is good, and the effluent can meet the standard and be discharged directly. The hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane strengthens ultrafiltration and foam air flotation. The concentration of cadmium ions in the water is less than 0.1mg/L, and the removal rate of cadmium ions is greater than 99.80%.
2、能耗低、无相变。SDS胶团与镉离子的附着以及超滤分离、泡沫气浮分离过程均没有相变，能耗低。2. Low energy consumption and no phase change. There is no phase change in the attachment of SDS micelles to cadmium ions, ultrafiltration separation, and foam air flotation separation, and the energy consumption is low.
3、通过增加对超滤出水的泡沫气浮处理过程，提高了强化超滤处理镉离子的去除率。3. By increasing the foam air flotation treatment process for the ultrafiltration effluent, the removal rate of cadmium ions in the enhanced ultrafiltration treatment is improved.
4、减少了阴离子表面活性剂SDS的使用量。由于镉离子去除率提高，使得阴离子表面活性剂SDS使用量减少，降低了成本，也降低了出水中阴离子表面活性剂SDS的含量。4. Reduced the usage of anionic surfactant SDS. Due to the improvement of the cadmium ion removal rate, the usage of anionic surfactant SDS is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the content of anionic surfactant SDS in the effluent is also reduced.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例1：测量得废水中镉离子浓度为50mg/L时，添加6.25×10-3mol/L的SDS，搅拌均匀，静置反应时间2h，由蠕动泵送至中空纤维超滤膜组件过滤，超滤膜出水流入气浮柱，通过空气压缩机从气浮柱底端曝气头鼓入空气，携带镉离子的气泡上浮，从气浮柱的顶端泡沫出口流出，水从气浮柱底部出口排出，其中镉离子浓度达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-96)要求。超滤膜材质为聚醚砜，该膜截留分子量为6000～10000Dalton，膜操作压力0.07Mpa，废水流量为5L/s，气浮柱曝气头孔径20μm，空气流量为100L/h，泡沫停留15min。通过原子吸收分光光度仪测定气浮柱出水中镉离子的浓度，测定结果见表1。Example 1: When the measured concentration of cadmium ions in the wastewater is 50 mg/L, add 6.25×10 -3 mol/L SDS, stir evenly, let it stand for 2 hours, and send it to the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane module for filtration by peristaltic pump , the water from the ultrafiltration membrane flows into the air flotation column, and the air is blown in from the aeration head at the bottom of the air flotation column through the air compressor, and the bubbles carrying cadmium ions float up and flow out from the foam outlet at the top of the air flotation column, and the water flows from the bottom of the air flotation column The outlet is discharged, and the concentration of cadmium ions meets the requirements of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-96). The material of the ultrafiltration membrane is polyethersulfone, the molecular weight cut-off of the membrane is 6000-10000Dalton, the operating pressure of the membrane is 0.07Mpa, the flow rate of wastewater is 5L/s, the pore size of the aeration head of the air flotation column is 20μm, the flow rate of air is 100L/h, and the foam stays for 15min . The concentration of cadmium ions in the effluent water of the air flotation column was measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1.
表1利用中空纤维超滤膜强化超滤和泡沫气浮处理含镉废水Table 1 Treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater by using hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhanced ultrafiltration and foam air flotation
(SDS添加量6.25×10-3mol/L)(SDS addition amount 6.25×10 -3 mol/L)
实施例 2：测量得废水中镉离子浓度为50mg/L时，添加3×10-3mol/L的SDS，搅拌均匀，静置反应时间2h，由蠕动泵送至中空纤维超滤膜组件过滤，超滤膜出水流入气浮柱，通过空气压缩机从气浮柱底端曝气头鼓入空气，携带镉离子的气泡上浮，从气浮柱的顶端泡沫出口流出，水从气浮柱底部出口排出，其中镉离子浓度达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-96)要求。超滤膜材质为聚醚砜，该膜截留分子量为6000～10000Dalton，膜操作压力0.07Mpa，废水流量为5L/s，气浮柱曝气头孔径20μm，空气流量为60L/h，泡沫停留15min。通过原子吸收分光光度仪测定气浮柱出水中镉离子的浓度，测定结果见表2。Example 2: When the measured concentration of cadmium ions in the wastewater is 50 mg/L, add 3×10 -3 mol/L SDS, stir evenly, let it stand for 2 hours, and send it to the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane module for filtration by peristaltic pump , the water from the ultrafiltration membrane flows into the air flotation column, and the air is blown in from the aeration head at the bottom of the air flotation column through the air compressor, and the bubbles carrying cadmium ions float up and flow out from the foam outlet at the top of the air flotation column, and the water flows from the bottom of the air flotation column The outlet is discharged, and the concentration of cadmium ions meets the requirements of the "Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-96). The material of the ultrafiltration membrane is polyethersulfone, the molecular weight cut-off of the membrane is 6000-10000Dalton, the operating pressure of the membrane is 0.07Mpa, the flow rate of wastewater is 5L/s, the pore size of the aeration head of the air flotation column is 20μm, the flow rate of air is 60L/h, and the foam stays for 15min . The concentration of cadmium ions in the effluent water of the air flotation column was measured by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2.
表2利用中空纤维超滤膜强化超滤和泡沫气浮处理含镉废水Table 2 Treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater by using hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhanced ultrafiltration and foam air flotation
(SDS添加量3×10-3mol/L)(SDS addition amount 3×10 -3 mol/L)
本发明涉及的去除重金属废水中镉离子方法的工艺中利用超滤出水中残存的SDS自身具有的表面活性剂起泡性质，通过鼓气实现泡沫气浮，使得残留的SDS形成气泡，通过气泡的吸附作用携带走废水中残留的低浓度镉离子，从而使得废水中的SDS与镉离子深度处理，增强了对含镉废水中镉离子的去除率。对比实验如下：In the process of the method for removing cadmium ions in heavy metal wastewater involved in the present invention, the foaming property of the surfactant that remains in the ultrafiltration water is used to realize foam flotation by blowing air, so that the residual SDS forms bubbles, and the bubbles are passed through the bubbles. The adsorption effect carries away the residual low-concentration cadmium ions in the wastewater, so that the SDS and cadmium ions in the wastewater are treated in depth, and the removal rate of cadmium ions in the cadmium-containing wastewater is enhanced. The comparison experiment is as follows:
对比实验1：测量得废水中镉离子浓度为50mg/L时，添加3×10-3mol/L的SDS，搅拌均匀，静置反应时间2h，由蠕动泵送至中空纤维超滤膜组件过滤，膜操作压力0.07Mpa，超滤膜材质为聚醚砜，该膜截留分子量为6000～10000 Dalton，通过原子吸收分光光度仪测定出过滤后的水中残留镉离子的浓度，测定结果见表3。Comparative experiment 1: When the measured concentration of cadmium ions in the wastewater is 50 mg/L, add 3×10 -3 mol/L SDS, stir evenly, let it stand for 2 hours, and send it to the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane module for filtration by peristaltic pump , membrane operating pressure 0.07Mpa, ultrafiltration membrane material is polyethersulfone, the membrane molecular weight cut-off is 6000 ~ 10000 Dalton, the concentration of residual cadmium ions in the filtered water was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, the measurement results are shown in Table 3.
表3 利用中空纤维超滤膜超滤处理含镉废水Table 3 Ultrafiltration treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater by hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane
(SDS添加量3×10-3mol/L)(SDS addition amount 3×10 -3 mol/L)
当SDS用量与实施例2相同时(3×10-3mol/L)，如果只采用中空纤维超滤膜超滤，则超滤膜出水中镉离子浓度18mg/L，超滤膜出水中SDS的浓度为2.08×10-3mol/L；当增加泡沫气浮过程后，超滤膜出水中镉离子浓度为0.099mg/L，超滤膜出水中SDS的浓度为1.27×10-3mol/L，镉离子去除率高达99.80％，；可见当阴离子表面活性剂SDS用量相同时，增加了泡沫气浮过程后，不但镉离子去处率大幅提高，而且使得出水中SDS浓度也显著降低。When the amount of SDS is the same as in Example 2 (3×10 -3 mol/L), if only the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is used for ultrafiltration, the cadmium ion concentration in the ultrafiltration membrane effluent is 18mg/L, and the SDS in the ultrafiltration membrane effluent The concentration of cadmium ions in the ultrafiltration membrane effluent is 0.099mg/L, and the concentration of SDS in the ultrafiltration membrane effluent is 1.27× 10 -3 mol /L after increasing the foam air flotation process. L, the removal rate of cadmium ions is as high as 99.80%. It can be seen that when the amount of anionic surfactant SDS is the same, after adding the foam air flotation process, not only the removal rate of cadmium ions is greatly increased, but also the concentration of SDS in the effluent water is also significantly reduced.
对比实验2：测量得废水中镉离子浓度为50mg/L时，添加6.25×10-3mol/L的SDS，搅拌均匀，静置反应时间2h，由蠕动泵送至中空纤维超滤膜组件过滤，膜操作压力0.07Mpa，超滤膜材质为聚醚砜，该膜截留分子量为6000～10000 Dalton，通过原子吸收分光光度仪测定出过滤后的水中残留镉离子的浓度，测定结果见表4。Comparative experiment 2: When the measured cadmium ion concentration in the wastewater is 50 mg/L, add 6.25×10 -3 mol/L SDS, stir evenly, let stand for 2 hours, and send it to the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane module for filtration by peristaltic pump , the operating pressure of the membrane is 0.07Mpa, the material of the ultrafiltration membrane is polyethersulfone, and the molecular weight cut off of the membrane is 6000-10000 Dalton. The concentration of residual cadmium ions in the filtered water is measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
表4利用中空纤维超滤膜超滤处理含镉废水Table 4 Ultrafiltration treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater by hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane
(SDS添加量6.25×10-3mol/L)(SDS addition amount 6.25×10 -3 mol/L)
当增加了泡沫气浮过程后，只需要用浓度为3×10-3mol/L的阴离子表面活性剂SDS溶液，就能使镉离子去除率达到99.80％，出水中阴离子表面活性剂SDS的浓度为1.27×10-3mol/L；而如果没有泡沫气浮过程，只利用中空纤维超滤膜超滤处理含镉废水，则即使是阴离子表面活性剂的浓度为6.25×10-3mol/L，镉离子去除率也只能达到95.95％，并且出水中阴离子表面活性剂SDS的浓度为4.23×10-3mol/L；可见增加了泡沫气浮过程后，阴离子表面活性剂的使用量明显减少了，而且出水中阴离子表面活性剂的含量也减少了。When the foam air flotation process is added, only the anionic surfactant SDS solution with a concentration of 3×10 -3 mol/L can make the cadmium ion removal rate reach 99.80%, and the concentration of the anionic surfactant SDS in the effluent water is 1.27×10 -3 mol/L; and if there is no foam flotation process and only hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane is used to treat cadmium-containing wastewater, the concentration of anionic surfactant is 6.25×10 -3 mol/L , the removal rate of cadmium ions can only reach 95.95%, and the concentration of anionic surfactant SDS in the effluent water is 4.23×10 -3 mol/L; it can be seen that after increasing the foam flotation process, the amount of anionic surfactant used is significantly reduced , and the content of anionic surfactants in the effluent is also reduced.
利用中空纤维超滤膜强化超滤和泡沫气浮处理含镉废水的方法明显减少强化超滤过程中阴离子表面活性剂SDS的用量，提高镉离子去除率，降低出水中SDS浓度。The method of using hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane to enhance ultrafiltration and foam air flotation to treat cadmium-containing wastewater can significantly reduce the amount of anionic surfactant SDS in the enhanced ultrafiltration process, improve the removal rate of cadmium ions, and reduce the concentration of SDS in the effluent.
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| CN109809518A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-28 | 广州大学 | A kind of device of froth flotation method processing waste water containing thallium |
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