CN100378007C - Method for treating cadmium-containing waste water by intensified ultrafiltration of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and foam floatation - Google Patents
Method for treating cadmium-containing waste water by intensified ultrafiltration of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and foam floatation Download PDFInfo
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- CN100378007C CN100378007C CNB2006100315990A CN200610031599A CN100378007C CN 100378007 C CN100378007 C CN 100378007C CN B2006100315990 A CNB2006100315990 A CN B2006100315990A CN 200610031599 A CN200610031599 A CN 200610031599A CN 100378007 C CN100378007 C CN 100378007C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for treating cadmium-containing waste water by intensified ultrafiltration of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes and foam floatation, which has the technologic processes that 1), sodium dodecyl sulfate of an anion surface active agent is added in cadmium-containing waste water, stirred uniformly and rested to react; the sodium dodecyl sulfate is transported to an ultrafiltration membrane assembly by a creeping pump for filtration; the sodium dodecyl sulfate flows in a floatation column; 2), an air compressor is used for drumming air from an aeration head of the bottom end of the floatation column; ultrafilterd outlet water produced in the step 1 flows in from the middle of the floatation column; the foaming performance of a surface active agent of the sodium dodecyl sulfate of the anion surface active agent is used for making remaining sodium dodecyl sulfate form air foam with an absorption function for absorbing cadmium ions with low concentration remaining in the water; 3), the air foam of carrying the cadmium ions, which is produced by the step 2 floats upwards and flows out of a foam outlet on the top end of the floatation column; the water achieves a standard and is discharged from the outlet on the bottom of the floatation column. The present invention has the advantages of favourable removing effects, low energy consumption, simple operation, few dosages of the surface active agent, low cost, etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the membrane processing method of heavy metal wastewater thereby, be specifically related to a kind of method of utilizing hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration and foam air supporting to handle cadmium wastewater.
Background technology
Along with China's sustained economic growth, heavy industry scales of investment such as iron and steel, electric power, cement, electrolysis increase, and product production increases rapidly, and the heavy metal class is polluted and is on the rise.The improvement method of heavy metal wastewater thereby mainly contains chemical precipitation method, absorption method, ion exchange method, biological process, membrane separation process etc. at present.Precipitator method technology is simple, easy to operate, economical and practical, is widely used in wastewater treatment, but can't realizes the recycling of heavy metal, and the stacking of sediment also may cause secondary pollution.Multiple controlling factors such as the composition of the kind of absorption method processing heavy metal wastewater thereby sorbent suspension, the addition of sorbent material, waste water, the concentration of waste water, pH value, adsorption time, the actually operating difficulty is bigger, and selectivity is not high.Ion exchange method is handled heavy metal wastewater thereby, and the degree of purification height can reclaim, non-secondary pollution, but the actual treatment cost is very high.Biological process is to be solved because have many problems to have in the technology, and its application is not extensive, and the resistance to overload shock performance is not high.The mode that membrane separation process is handled heavy metal wastewater thereby mainly contains electroosmose process, reverse osmosis method, nano filtering process etc., has the pollutants removal rate height, can reclaim the heavy metallic salt in the waste water, the simply outstanding advantage of technology, but because the cost of electrodialytic membranes, reverse osmosis membrane, nanofiltration membrane itself is higher, action required pressure is bigger, causes investment, the running cost of embrane method processing heavy metal wastewater thereby higher, has influenced its application in the large-scale industry wastewater treatment.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides that a kind of removal effect is good, energy consumption is low, simple to operate, dosage of surfactant is few, cost is low cadmium wastewater treatment process.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the method for cadmium wastewater is handled in hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration of the present invention and foam air supporting, its processing step is: 1) anionic (SDS) is joined in the cadmium wastewater, standing and reacting stirs, delivering to hyperfiltration membrane assembly by peristaltic pump filters, hold back and adsorbed the tensio-active agent of cadmium ion in the water, water and low quantity of surfactant and the cadmium ion that is not adsorbed see through film and flow into air-flotation column; 2) blast air by air compressor from air-flotation column bottom aeration head, water outlet after the ultrafiltration that step 1 produced is introduced from the air-flotation column middle part, the blistered character of the tensio-active agent that utilizes anionic self to have, make residual sodium lauryl sulphate be formed with the bubble of adsorption function, by lower concentration cadmium ion residual in the adsorption planar water; 3) by the bubble floating that carries cadmium ion that step 2 produced, flow out from the top foam outlet of air-flotation column, water is discharged from the air-flotation column outlet at bottom, and wherein concentration of cadmium ions reaches " integrated wastewater discharge standard " and (GB8978-96) requires (less than 0.1mg/L).
The water inlet cadmium ion starting point concentration of (1) step 1 is 5～50mg/L in the step 1,2,3; (2) the SDS addition is 3.00 * 10
-3～9.37 * 10
-3Mol/L; (3) membrane operations force value 0.03Mpa～0.09Mpa; (4) standing and reacting time 0.5～10h; (5) foam air supporting air flow quantity is 60～140L/h; (6) wastewater flow is 1～8L/h; (7) the foam residence time is 2～20min; (8) aeration head aperture 10 μ m～100 μ m.
The material of described ultra-filtration membrane is polysulfones or polyethersulfone.
Advantage of the present invention or positively effect:
1, removal effect is good, and water outlet can direct discharging up to standard.The concentration of cadmium ion is less than 0.1mg/L in hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration and the foam air supporting water outlet, and the clearance of cadmium ion is greater than 99.80%.
2, low, the no phase transformation of energy consumption.SDS micelle and cadmium ion adhere to and ultra-filtration and separation, foam dissolved air flotation process all do not have phase transformation, energy consumption is low.
3,, improved the clearance of enhancing ultrafiltration processing cadmium ion by increasing foam air supporting treating processes to the ultrafiltration water outlet.
4, reduced the usage quantity of anion surfactant SDS.Because the cadmium ion clearance improves, make anion surfactant SDS usage quantity reduce, reduced cost, also reduced the content of anion surfactant SDS in the water outlet.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: when measuring to such an extent that concentration of cadmium ions is 50mg/L in the waste water, add 6.25 * 10
-3The SDS of mol/L, stir, standing and reacting time 2h, deliver to polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system by peristaltic pump and filter, the ultra-filtration membrane water outlet flows into air-flotation column, blasts air by air compressor from air-flotation column bottom aeration head, carry the bubble floating of cadmium ion, flow out from the top foam outlet of air-flotation column, water is discharged from the air-flotation column outlet at bottom, and wherein concentration of cadmium ions reaches " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-96) requirement.The ultra-filtration membrane material is a polyethersulfone, and this retaining molecular weight is 6000～10000Dalton, and membrane operations pressure 0.07Mpa, wastewater flow are 5L/s, air-flotation column aeration head aperture 20 μ m, and air flow quantity is 100L/h, foam stops 15min.By the concentration of cadmium ion in the water outlet of atomic absorption spectrophotometer mensuration air-flotation column, measurement result sees Table 1.
Table 1 utilizes hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration and foam air supporting to handle cadmium wastewater
(SDS addition 6.25 * 10
-3Mol/L)
| Water inlet cadmium ion starting point concentration | 50mg/L |
| Concentration of cadmium ions in the water outlet | 0.082mg/L |
| The clearance of cadmium ion | 99.84％ |
| SDS concentration in the water outlet | 2.26×10 -3mol/L |
Embodiment 2: when measuring to such an extent that concentration of cadmium ions is 50mg/L in the waste water, add 3 * 10
-3The SDS of mol/L, stir, standing and reacting time 2h, deliver to polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system by peristaltic pump and filter, the ultra-filtration membrane water outlet flows into air-flotation column, blasts air by air compressor from air-flotation column bottom aeration head, carry the bubble floating of cadmium ion, flow out from the top foam outlet of air-flotation column, water is discharged from the air-flotation column outlet at bottom, and wherein concentration of cadmium ions reaches " integrated wastewater discharge standard " (GB8978-96) requirement.The ultra-filtration membrane material is a polyethersulfone, and this retaining molecular weight is 6000～10000Dalton, and membrane operations pressure 0.07Mpa, wastewater flow are 5L/s, air-flotation column aeration head aperture 20 μ m, and air flow quantity is 60L/h, foam stops 15min.By the concentration of cadmium ion in the water outlet of atomic absorption spectrophotometer mensuration air-flotation column, measurement result sees Table 2.
Table 2 utilizes hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration and foam air supporting to handle cadmium wastewater
(SDS addition 3 * 10
-3Mol/L)
| Water inlet cadmium ion starting point concentration | 50mg/L |
| Concentration of cadmium ions in the water outlet | 0.099mg/L |
| The clearance of cadmium ion | 99.80％ |
| SDS concentration in the water outlet | 1.27×10 -3mol/L |
The tensio-active agent foaming property that utilizes SDS remaining in the ultrafiltration water outlet self to have in the technology of cadmium ion method in the removal heavy metal wastewater thereby that the present invention relates to, realize foam air supporting by air-blowing, make residual SDS form bubble, adsorption by bubble carries away lower concentration cadmium ion residual in the waste water, thereby make SDS and cadmium ion advanced treatment in the waste water, strengthened clearance cadmium ion in the cadmium wastewater.The contrast experiment is as follows:
The contrast experiment 1: when measuring to such an extent that concentration of cadmium ions is 50mg/L in the waste water, add 3 * 10
-3The SDS of mol/L, stir, standing and reacting time 2h, delivering to polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system by peristaltic pump filters, membrane operations pressure 0.07Mpa, the ultra-filtration membrane material is a polyethersulfone, this retaining molecular weight is 6000～10000 Dalton, determine the concentration of residual cadmium ion in the water after the filtration by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, measurement result sees Table 3.
Table 3 utilizes hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane uf processing cadmium wastewater
(SDS addition 3 * 10
-3Mol/L)
| Water inlet cadmium ion starting point concentration | 50mg/L |
| Concentration of cadmium ions in the water outlet | 18mg/L |
| The clearance of cadmium ion | 64％ |
| SDS concentration in the water outlet | 2.08×10 -3mol/L |
When SDS consumption and embodiment 2 are identical (3 * 10
-3Mol/L), if only adopt the hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane ultrafiltration, concentration of cadmium ions 18mg/L in the ultra-filtration membrane water outlet then, the concentration of SDS is 2.08 * 10 in the ultra-filtration membrane water outlet
-3Mol/L; After increasing foam air supporting process, concentration of cadmium ions is 0.099mg/L in the ultra-filtration membrane water outlet, and the concentration of SDS is 1.27 * 10 in the ultra-filtration membrane water outlet
-3Mol/L, cadmium ion clearance is up to 99.80%; As seen when anion surfactant SDS consumption is identical, increased foam air supporting process after, not only cadmium ion place to go rate significantly improves, and makes that SDS concentration also significantly reduces in the water outlet.
The contrast experiment 2: when measuring to such an extent that concentration of cadmium ions is 50mg/L in the waste water, add 6.25 * 10
-3The SDS of mol/L, stir, standing and reacting time 2h, delivering to polysulfone hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane system by peristaltic pump filters, membrane operations pressure 0.07Mpa, the ultra-filtration membrane material is a polyethersulfone, this retaining molecular weight is 6000～10000 Dalton, determine the concentration of residual cadmium ion in the water after the filtration by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, measurement result sees Table 4.
Table 4 utilizes hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane uf processing cadmium wastewater
(SDS addition 6.25 * 10
-3Mol/L)
| Water inlet cadmium ion starting point concentration | 50mg/L |
| Concentration of cadmium ions in the water outlet | 2.026mg/L |
| The clearance of cadmium ion | 95.95％ |
| SDS concentration in the water outlet | 4.23×10 -3mol/L |
After having increased foam air supporting process, need be 3 * 10 only with concentration
-3The anion surfactant SDS solution of mol/L just can make the cadmium ion clearance reach 99.80%, and the concentration of anion surfactant SDS is 1.27 * 10 in the water outlet
-3Mol/L; And if do not have foam air supporting process, only utilize hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane uf processing cadmium wastewater, even then the concentration of anion surfactant is 6.25 * 10
-3Mol/L, the cadmium ion clearance also can only reach 95.95%, and the concentration of anion surfactant SDS is 4.23 * 10 in the water outlet
-3Mol/L; As seen after having increased foam air supporting process, the usage quantity of anion surfactant has obviously reduced, and the content of anion surfactant has also reduced in the water outlet.
The method of utilizing hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration and foam air supporting to handle cadmium wastewater obviously reduces the consumption of anion surfactant SDS in the enhancing ultrafiltration process, improves the cadmium ion clearance, reduces SDS concentration in the water outlet.
Claims (2)
1. the method for cadmium wastewater is handled in hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration and foam air supporting, and it is characterized in that: processing step is:
1) anionic is joined in the cadmium wastewater, standing and reacting stirs, delivering to hyperfiltration membrane assembly by peristaltic pump filters, hold back and adsorbed the tensio-active agent of cadmium ion in the water, water and low quantity of surfactant and the cadmium ion that is not adsorbed see through film and flow into air-flotation column;
2) blast air by air compressor from air-flotation column bottom aeration head, water outlet after the ultrafiltration that step 1 produced is introduced from the air-flotation column middle part, the blistered character of the tensio-active agent that utilizes anionic self to have, make residual sodium lauryl sulphate be formed with the bubble of adsorption function, by lower concentration cadmium ion residual in the adsorption planar water;
3) by the bubble floating that carries cadmium ion that step 2 produced, from the top foam outlet outflow of air-flotation column, water is discharged from the air-flotation column outlet at bottom, and wherein concentration of cadmium ions reaches " integrated wastewater discharge standard ";
In the step 1,2,3, the water inlet cadmium ion starting point concentration of (1) step 1 is 5～50mg/L; (2) the sodium lauryl sulphate addition is 3.00 * 10
-3～9.37 * 10
-3Mol/L; (3) membrane operations force value 0.03Mpa～0.09Mpa; (4) standing and reacting time 0.5～10h; (5) foam air supporting air flow quantity is 60～140L/h; (6) wastewater flow is 1～8L/h; (7) the foam residence time is 2～20min; (8) aeration head aperture 10 μ m～100 μ m.
2. the method for cadmium wastewater is handled in hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane enhancing ultrafiltration according to claim 1 and foam air supporting, and it is characterized in that: the material of described ultra-filtration membrane is polysulfones or polyethersulfone.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100315990A CN100378007C (en) | 2006-04-30 | 2006-04-30 | Method for treating cadmium-containing waste water by intensified ultrafiltration of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and foam floatation |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100315990A CN100378007C (en) | 2006-04-30 | 2006-04-30 | Method for treating cadmium-containing waste water by intensified ultrafiltration of hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and foam floatation |
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| CN100378007C true CN100378007C (en) | 2008-04-02 |
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| CN102583686A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-18 | 福建师范大学 | Device for treating wastewater containing low-concentration metals |
| CN103539295B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | 北京清大国华环境股份有限公司 | A kind of method and apparatus of heavy metal wastewater thereby advanced treating |
| CN107352680B (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-04-21 | 山东大学 | Method for thoroughly removing heavy metal ions in wastewater of battery plant by using water-based foam system |
| CN109081393A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2018-12-25 | 北京中晟清源环保科技有限公司 | A kind of new-type air-floatation auxiliary agent and preparation method |
| CN109809518A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-28 | 广州大学 | A kind of device of froth flotation method processing waste water containing thallium |
| CN115504588B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-07-07 | 中钢集团武汉安全环保研究院有限公司 | Recycling treatment process for waste water of hot galvanizing finishing machine |
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| RU2039709C1 (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1995-07-20 | Тамбовское акционерное общество "Комсомолец" | Plant for liquid purification |
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