CN100377996C - Method for preparing Cr2AlC by molten salt process - Google Patents

Method for preparing Cr2AlC by molten salt process Download PDF

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CN100377996C
CN100377996C CNB2006100288334A CN200610028833A CN100377996C CN 100377996 C CN100377996 C CN 100377996C CN B2006100288334 A CNB2006100288334 A CN B2006100288334A CN 200610028833 A CN200610028833 A CN 200610028833A CN 100377996 C CN100377996 C CN 100377996C
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powder
alc
molten
salt
raw material
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CN1884064A (en
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田无边
王佩玲
张国军
阚艳梅
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Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of CAS
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Shanghai Institute of Ceramics of CAS
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for preparing Cr2AlC powder by the molten salt method. The present invention is characterized in that chromium powder, aluminum powder and graphite are used as raw materials and are proportioned according to the stoichiometric ratio of Cr2AlC, wherein excess aluminium is provided; by the molten salt method, the temperature is increased to 900 to 1200 DEG C at the rate of 10 to 40 DEG C/min in protective atmosphere of Ar gas, and the powder of Cr2AlC is prepared after thermal insulation and cooling. The method has the advantages of low preparation temperature and higher powder purity. The mass percent content of the Cr2AlC phase in the prepared powder is larger than 90%. The method is suitable for experimental investigation and industrial production.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing molten-salt growth method to prepare Cr 2 AlC
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of molten-salt growth method of utilizing and prepare high-purity aluminium carbon bis-chromium (Cr 2AlC) method of powder more precisely is to adopt chromium powder, and aluminium powder and graphite are raw material, by molten-salt growth method, and preparation Cr 2The weight percentage of AlC phase is greater than 90% powder.Belong to the field that non-oxygen based ceramic powder system is equipped with.
Background technology
M N+1AX n(M is a transiting group metal elements in system, A is IIIA or IVA family element, X is C or N) be the very promising structure-function integration material of a class, because the plasticity of their existing metals, conduction, heat conduction and workability have the high strength of pottery simultaneously again, low density and excellent high temperature resistant and antioxidant property.
Nowotny and co-worker thereof have just done it as far back as the seventies and have reported (H.Nowotny, " Struktuchemie Einiger Verbindungen der Ubergangsmetalle mit den elementenC; Si, Ge, Sn ", Prog.Solid State Chem., H.Reiss, Ed., 2 (1970) 27), wherein have kind more than 30 to be called H phase or H  gg phase, chemical constitution is M 2AX; Also have three kinds of M 3AX 2Phase, i.e. Ti 3SiC 2, Ti 3GeC 2And Ti 3AlC 2These compounds all have the stratiform hexagonal structure, and this structure is given tangible anisotropy characteristics on the material property.
In recent years, from the beginning Germany and Sweden scientist utilized total energy computing method (Ab initio totalenergy calculations) to M 2AlC (M=Ti, V, Cr, Nb, Ta) compound has carried out a series of Theoretical Calculation Z.M.Sun, R.Ahuja, S.Li and J.M.Schneider, " Structure and BulkModulus of M2AlC (M=Ti; V, and Cr) ", Appl.Phys.Lett., 83 (2003) 899, comprising having studied M 2AlC (find at Ti for M=Ti, V by modulus of volume expansion Cr) 2AlC, V 2AlC and Cr 2Three of AlC mutually in, Cr 2AlC has the highest modulus of volume expansion (226GPa), respectively than Ti 2AlC and V 2AlC exceeds 36% and 15%.Result calculated shows, Cr 2AlC is not only at M 2AlC (M=Ti, V, Cr, Nb has the highest modulus of volume expansion and Young's modulus in Ta), and these values also are higher than Ti respectively 3SiC 2Modulus of volume expansion (185-206GPa) and Young's modulus (333-339GPa) Z.M.Sun, S.Li, R.Ahuja and J.M.Schneider, " Calculated Elastic Properties of M2AlC (M=Ti; V, Cr, Nb andTa) ", Solid States Communication, 129 (2004) 589.On the other hand, Cr 2AlC forms oxidation resistant Al easily in oxidising process 2O 3And Cr 2O 3Therefore protective layer can expect that it may have good antioxidant property; Higher Cr and Al content has increased the content of metallic bond in the material simultaneously, is expected to improve the plasticity of material.Therefore, Cr 2AlC probably becomes new useful ternary layered carbide material.
From Ti 3SiC 2Research process we notice since phasor in Ti 3SiC 2The single phase region is very narrow and small, causes the preparation of pure phase compact block very difficult, so a lot of research group carries out Ti 3SiC 2The preparation research of powder wishes to reach the purpose for preparing bulk from the another one approach.Main preparation methods has vacuum non-pressure sintering Songlan Yang, ZhenMing Sun, Hitoshi Hashimoto, Toshihiko Abe, Synthesis of single-phase Ti3 SiC2, Journal of European Ceramic Society, 23 (2003) 3147-3152, solid-liquid reaction technology Y.Zhang, Y.C.Zhou, Y.Y.Li, Solid-liquidsynthesis of Ti3SiC2 particulate by fluctuation procedure, Scripta Materialia, 49 (2003) 249-253 and fluctuation method Zhimei Sun, Yanchun Zhou, Fluctuation synthesisand characterization of Ti3SiC2 powders, Mat Res Innovat (1999) 2:227-231, yet, up to now, all have nothing to do both at home and abroad in the research report of Cr2AlC powder preparing.
Molten-salt growth method is that the reactant with required component mixes by a certain percentage with salt, again with mixture heating up to making salt fusing, reactant reacts the generation product in the melt of salt, cooling is after washed with de-ionized water is removed a kind of powder synthetic method that wherein salinity obtains clean product.With the molten-salt growth method synthetic powder have low temperature, fast, advantage such as stable and grain morphology is controlled, by the content of regulating salt, the proportioning and the processing condition such as temperature of reaction and time of initial reactant, can synthesize other method and be difficult to the compound powder that synthetic meets the complexity of stoichiometric ratio.
The inventor attempts to propose a kind of molten-salt growth method and prepares Cr 2The technology of AlC powder on the one hand, is incorporated into the powder preparing of MAX series compound with molten-salt growth method, can obtain the higher Cr of purity fast by simple fused salt technology 2The AlC powder; On the other hand, can provide a simple scheme for the large-scale application and the production of MAX series material.So design of the present invention has certain academic significance and application background.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention provides a kind of Cr 2The preparation method of AlC powder is with the Cr of method preparation provided by the invention 2The quality percentage composition of AlC powder principal phase is greater than 90%.
Of the present inventionly implement by following manner.Promptly adopt chromium powder, aluminium powder and graphite are raw material, carry out powder preparing by the condition of control molten-salt growth method.
Specific implementation method:
(1) raw material: comprise chromium powder (meta particle diameter, D 50Be 5 μ m, purity is 99.95%), aluminium powder (meta particle diameter, D 50Be 5 μ m, purity is 3 μ m, 99.95%) and carbon dust (meta particle diameter, D 50Be 5 μ m, purity is 5 μ m, 99%).With powder according to Cr 2The stoichiometric ratio proportioning of AlC, and the aluminium powder of excessive 5～15at%; With NaCl and KCl according to mol ratio weighing in 1: 1 (purity of NaCl and KCl is 99%); And with raw material and salt according to mass ratio 1: 1, mix at 1: 2, be solvent with the dehydrated alcohol, use Al 2O 3Or Si 3N 4The ball ball milling, the powder that obtains mixing after the oven dry of gained slurry.
(2) preparation: the raw material that mixes is placed Al 2O 3In the crucible, again crucible is put into graphite furnace, feeds mobile Ar then, be warmed up to 900-1200 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 10～40 ℃/min as protective atmosphere, be incubated 1-4 hour synthetic, cool off with 5～60 ℃/min at last.Treat powder cooling back taking-up, with deionized water flush away salt, up to titration AgNO 3Solution does not have precipitation, and oven dry promptly makes Cr 2The AlC powder.
(3) and with the preparation effect of XRD diffracting spectrum check powder, meta particle diameter of the present invention also is D 50The cumulative particle sizes percentile that is meant a kind of powder reaches 50% o'clock pairing particle diameter, and to be particle diameter account for 50% greater than its particle to its physical significance, also accounts for 50% less than its particle, and D50 is commonly used to represent the mean particle size of powder.The meta particle diameter also can be referred to as meso-position radius or median particle diameter.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) preparation temperature is low, Cr in the prepared powder 2The weight percentage of AlC phase is greater than 90%, and powder active is good.Both can experimental study, also can reach industrial requirement.
(2) preparation technology is simple and easy to do, and equipment requirements is not harsh, and raw material is cheap commercial raw material, and employed fused salt can be recycled, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the prepared Cr of embodiment provided by the invention 1 2The XRD figure spectrum of AlC powder.
Fig. 2 is the prepared Cr of embodiment provided by the invention 2 2The XRD figure spectrum of AlC powder.
Fig. 3 is the prepared Cr of embodiment provided by the invention 3 2The XRD figure spectrum of AlC powder.
Fig. 4 is the prepared Cr of embodiment provided by the invention 4 2The XRD figure spectrum of AlC powder.
Fig. 5 is the prepared Cr of embodiment provided by the invention 5 2The XRD figure spectrum of AlC powder.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With chromium powder (5 μ m, 99.95%), aluminium powder (3 μ m, 99.95%) and carbon dust (5 μ m, 99%) are raw material.With powder according to Cr 2The stoichiometric ratio proportioning of AlC, and the aluminium powder of excessive 10at%; With NaCl and KCl weight ratio weighing according to 1: 1; And raw material and salt mixed according to weight ratio at 1: 1, be solvent with the dehydrated alcohol, use Si 3N 4The ball ball milling, the powder that obtains mixing after the oven dry of gained slurry.The raw material that mixes is placed Al 2O 3In the crucible, again crucible is put into graphite furnace, feed mobile Ar then, be warmed up to 900 ℃, be incubated 1 hour, cool off with 5 ℃/min at last with the temperature rise rate of 10 ℃/min as protective atmosphere.Treat powder cooling back taking-up, with deionized water flush away salt, do not have precipitation up to titration AgNO3 solution, oven dry promptly makes Cr 2The AlC powder.XRD figure is composed as shown in Figure 1, Cr in the powder 2The weight percentage of AlC phase is 94%.
Embodiment 2
With chromium powder (5 μ m, 99.95%), aluminium powder (3 μ m, 99.95%) and carbon dust (5 μ m, 99%) are raw material.With powder according to Cr 2The stoichiometric ratio proportioning of AlC, and the aluminium powder of excessive 5at%; With NaCl and KCl weight ratio weighing according to 1: 1; And raw material and salt mixed according to weight ratio at 1: 1, be solvent with the dehydrated alcohol, use Al 2O 3Or Si 3N 4The ball ball milling, the powder that obtains mixing after the oven dry of gained slurry.The raw material that mixes is placed Al 2O 3In the crucible, again crucible is put into graphite furnace, feed mobile Ar then as protective atmosphere, be warmed up to 1000 ℃ with the temperature rise rate of 35 ℃/min, insulation 3hr cools off with 60 ℃/min at last.Treat powder cooling back taking-up, with deionized water flush away salt, do not have precipitation up to titration AgNO3 solution, oven dry promptly makes Cr 2The AlC powder.XRD figure is composed as shown in Figure 2, Cr in the powder 2The weight percentage of AlC phase is 92%.
Embodiment 3
With chromium powder (5 μ m, 99.95%), aluminium powder (3 μ m, 99.95%) and carbon dust (5 μ m, 99%) are raw material.With powder according to Cr 2The stoichiometric ratio proportioning of AlC, and the aluminium powder of excessive 10at%; With NaCl and KCl weight ratio weighing according to 1: 1; And raw material and salt mixed according to weight ratio at 1: 1, be solvent with the dehydrated alcohol, use Si 3N 4The ball ball milling, the powder that obtains mixing after the oven dry of gained slurry.The raw material that mixes is placed Al 2O 3In the crucible, again crucible is put into graphite furnace, feed mobile Ar then, be warmed up to 1000 ℃, be incubated 1 hour, cool off with 60 ℃/min at last with the temperature rise rate of 35 ℃/min as protective atmosphere.Treat powder cooling back taking-up, with deionized water flush away salt, do not have precipitation up to titration AgNO3 solution, oven dry promptly makes Cr 2The AlC powder.XRD figure is composed as shown in Figure 3, Cr in the powder 2The weight percentage of AlC phase is 93%.
Embodiment 4
With chromium powder (5 μ m, 99.95%), aluminium powder (3 μ m, 99.95%) and carbon dust (5 μ m, 99%) are raw material.With powder according to Cr 2The stoichiometric ratio proportioning of AlC, and the aluminium powder of excessive 15at%; With NaCl and KCl weight ratio weighing according to 1: 1; And raw material and salt mixed according to weight ratio at 1: 1, be solvent with the dehydrated alcohol, use Si 3N 4The ball ball milling, the powder that obtains mixing after the oven dry of gained slurry.The raw material that mixes is placed Al 2O 3In the crucible, again crucible is put into graphite furnace, feed mobile Ar then, be warmed up to 1200 ℃, be incubated 1 hour, cool off with 60 ℃/min at last with the temperature rise rate of 35 ℃/min as protective atmosphere.Treat powder cooling back taking-up, with deionized water flush away salt, do not have precipitation up to titration AgNO3 solution, oven dry promptly makes Cr 2The AlC powder.XRD figure is composed as shown in Figure 4, Cr in the powder 2The weight percentage of AlC phase is 97%.
Embodiment 5
With chromium powder (5 μ m, 99.95%), aluminium powder (3 μ m, 99.95%) and carbon dust (5 μ m, 99%) are raw material.With powder according to Cr 2The stoichiometric ratio proportioning of AlC, and the aluminium powder of excessive 10at%; With NaCl and KCl weight ratio weighing according to 1: 1; And raw material and salt mixed according to weight ratio at 1: 2, be solvent with the dehydrated alcohol, use Si 3N 4The ball ball milling, the powder that obtains mixing after the oven dry of gained slurry.The raw material that mixes is placed Al 2O 3In the crucible, again crucible is put into graphite furnace, feed mobile Ar then, be warmed up to 1000 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, cool off with 60 ℃/min at last with the temperature rise rate of 35 ℃/min as protective atmosphere.Treat powder cooling back taking-up, with deionized water flush away salt, do not have precipitation up to titration AgNO3 solution, oven dry promptly makes Cr 2The AlC powder.XRD figure is composed as shown in Figure 5, Cr in the powder 2The weight percentage of AlC phase is 97%..

Claims (6)

1. one kind prepares Cr with molten-salt growth method 2The method of AlC powder is characterized in that:
(1) raw material adopts chromium powder, and aluminium powder and carbon dust are according to Cr 2The stoichiometric ratio proportioning of AlC, and the aluminium powder of excessive 5～15at%; With NaCl and KCl according to mol ratio weighing in 1: 1; And raw material and salt mixed according to mass ratio in 1: 1 or 1: 2, be the solvent ball milling with the dehydrated alcohol, the powder that obtains mixing after the oven dry of gained slurry;
(2) powder that mixes in the step (1) is placed Al 2O 3In the crucible, again crucible is put into graphite furnace, feed mobile Ar then, be warmed up to 900-1200 ℃, be incubated 1-4 hour, at last cooling as protective atmosphere; Treat powder cooling back taking-up, with deionized water flush away salt, up to titration AgNO 3Solution does not have precipitation, and oven dry promptly makes Cr 2The AlC powder.
2. a kind ofly prepare Cr by claim 1 is described with molten-salt growth method 2The method of AlC powder is characterized in that:
(1) described chromium powder, purity are 99.95%, and the meta particle diameter is 5 μ m;
(2) described aluminium powder, purity are 99.95%, and the meta particle diameter is 3 μ m;
(3) described carbon dust, purity are 99%, and the meta particle diameter is 5 μ m;
(4) described NaCl and KCl, purity is 99%.
3. a kind ofly prepare Cr by claim 1 is described with molten-salt growth method 2The method of AlC powder is characterized in that the temperature rise rate the when powder that mixes is warmed up to 900-1200 ℃ is 10-40 ℃/min.
4. a kind ofly prepare Cr by claim 1 is described with molten-salt growth method 2The method of AlC powder, the speed when it is characterized in that cooling off are 5-60 ℃/min.
5. a kind ofly prepare Cr by claim 1 is described with molten-salt growth method 2The method of AlC powder is characterized in that raw material by stoichiometric proportioning, uses Si when being the solvent ball milling with the dehydrated alcohol 3N 4Or Al 2O 3Abrading-ball.
6. prepare Cr by the described a kind of molten-salt growth method of any claim in the claim 1～4 2The method of AlC powder is characterized in that in the prepared powder Cr 2The quality percentage composition of AlC phase is greater than 90%.
CNB2006100288334A 2006-07-12 2006-07-12 Method for preparing Cr2AlC by molten salt process Expired - Fee Related CN100377996C (en)

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CN102653470B (en) * 2011-03-02 2013-10-23 北京有色金属研究总院 Cr2AlC ceramic target and preparation method thereof by vacuum hot pressing
CN102899612B (en) * 2012-09-21 2014-03-26 中国科学院金属研究所 Method for preparing high-temperature protective coating with Cr2AlC as main phase by employing multi-arc ion plating
CN104557042A (en) * 2014-12-18 2015-04-29 陕西科技大学 Cr2AlC/Al2O3 composite material and preparation method thereof
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CN111039675A (en) * 2018-10-12 2020-04-21 中国科学院金属研究所 In-situ preparation of Cr by molten salt3C2And/or Mo2Method for preparing C powder
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CN112010307B (en) * 2020-08-20 2022-07-26 电子科技大学 Cr (chromium) 2 Application method of AlC material
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KR20040106622A (en) * 2003-06-11 2004-12-18 한국과학기술연구원 Preparation method for Ti2AlC powder by reaction milling
CN1743480A (en) * 2005-09-29 2006-03-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 A kind of preparation method of aluminium-carbon-dichromium block material

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040129881A1 (en) * 2001-05-07 2004-07-08 Torbjorn Hamrelius Handheld infrared camera
KR20040106622A (en) * 2003-06-11 2004-12-18 한국과학기술연구원 Preparation method for Ti2AlC powder by reaction milling
CN1743480A (en) * 2005-09-29 2006-03-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 A kind of preparation method of aluminium-carbon-dichromium block material

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