CN1003701B - Continuous self-pumping centrifuge of fluid - Google Patents
Continuous self-pumping centrifuge of fluid Download PDFInfo
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- CN1003701B CN1003701B CN86105311.7A CN86105311A CN1003701B CN 1003701 B CN1003701 B CN 1003701B CN 86105311 A CN86105311 A CN 86105311A CN 1003701 B CN1003701 B CN 1003701B
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- liquid
- rotor
- centrifuge
- pumping
- self
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 187
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 8
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004180 plasmocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a continuous self-pumping centrifuge of fluid, which belongs to the improvement of a continuous centrifuge. The centrifuge of the present invention has the general characteristics of the continuous self-pumping centrifuge, namely that only rotary speed is the instrument operation parameter which influences the separation effect. In addition, liquid in a rotor of the centrifuge does not flow axially but flows peripherally, so that light liquid and heavy liquid are conveniently separated and taken. A spiral liquid delivering channel at the center of the rotor can also be used as a separation channel, so that the utilization rate of a rotor space is improved. In the process of separation, a clogging phenomenon which often occurs in a disk type centrifuge is not easy to occur, so that continuous separation time is longer than that of the existing centrifuges.
Description
The present invention belongs to an improvement of liquid/liquid continuous centrifugal machine.
Liquid/liquid continuous centrifuges are broadly classified into two types, disc centrifuges and tube centrifuges. In the separation of animal blood for the purpose of plasma extraction, a disk centrifuge, a product available from the company ALFA-LAVAL (sweden), and the like, is generally used. This centrifuge has:
g/V8=4πn/3·cosθ·(r2 3-r1 3)·ω2/Q0
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity, vBIs the Stoke deposition velocity, n is the number of disks, θ is the disk tilt angle, r2Is the outer diameter of the disc r1Is the inner diameter of the disc, Q0Is the total flow, ω is the rotational speed ("Encyclopedia of Chemical technology", 3rd edition, volume 5, page 200, 1980 (Encyclopedia of Chemical technology, 3rd ed. vol.5, p200, 1980)). It means the separation effect g/vBThe speed of rotation omega of the rotor is controlled by the drive motor and the total flow Q depends on two operating parameters, namely the speed of rotation and the flow0Controlled by a water pump, the two operating systems are independent systems which are not related to each other,there is no dependency between these two operating parameters, so the speed and flow that affect the separation effect are two independent parameters.
In such a centrifuge for the purpose of separating animal blood, the rotation speed cannot be adjusted, but the operator manually adjusts the valve to change the plasma flow rate every time the centrifuge is operated, so that an ideal flow rate ratio of plasma and blood cells is obtained. In the disk type centrifuge, the distance between the disks is generally 0.6-2 mm, and the solution flows through the narrow space between the disks and is easily blocked in blood separation, so that an operator is required to stop the centrifuge after blood separation every 2 hours in a manufacturing factory, remove a rotor for cleaning and reinstall the centrifuge for blood separation. The efficiency of use and separation efficiency of such centrifuges depends on the skill of the operator in addition to the performance of the centrifuge itself.
The object of the present invention is to design a novel liquid/liquid centrifuge in which the operating parameters of the apparatus affecting the centrifugation effect are only one term of the rotation speed. A liquid/liquid centrifuge is designed for this purpose using the principle of self-pumping continuous flow centrifugation. The rotor of the machine is a self-pumping rotor, namely a centrifugal rotor and a self-pumping pump, and does not need to use an external water pump to supply liquid into the rotor like the prior art, the rotor cavity of the rotor is an annular cavity, the solution is separated when flowing through the cavity, and the separated heavy liquid and light liquid are discharged from two liquid throwing pipe ports respectively and are collected in containers respectively.
Due to the dependency of the flow rate on the rotational speed in the self-pumping continuous flow phenomenon, the influence of the separation effect caused by the change in the rotational speed is compensated for to a certain extent. Thus, the design of the centrifuge is simplified, and the operation is simple and convenient. When the machine is used as an animal blood separator, blood plasma and blood cells are thrown out by centrifugal force, so that the blockage phenomenon is not easy to occur, and the continuous operation time is long.
The present invention also contemplates a container for use with a self-extracting rotor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a self-pumping continuous flow phenomenon in which a hollow pipe bent at a right angle is rotated about its vertical section axis and the section is inserted into a liquid, the liquid is pumped up. When the rotating speed is increased, the pumping height of the liquid is increased, and the liquid is sprayed out from the horizontal section opening when the rotating speed reaches a certain rotating speed. This flow continues as long as the liquid in the container is continuously replenished, which we call the self-pumping continuous flow. If the middle of the vertical section of fig. 1 is expanded into a centrifugal rotor chamber, the solution with particles is drawn into the rotor chamber in a self-pumping continuous flow, centrifugal separation occurs, and the supernatant is discharged from the horizontal section, which we define as self-pumping continuous flow centrifugation (fig. 2).
In self-pumping continuous flow, the flow rate Q is a function of the speed n, and in the practical speed range, the flow rate is an exponential function Q (n) A.n which increases with the speedmWhere A is a coefficient and m is a constant greater than zero. The operation parameter psi (n) of the comprehensive instrument is introduced2/Q3Psi being a function of speed only, i.e. psi (n) n2/（A.nm). Therefore, the centrifugal clarity F, which shows the separation effect, is a function of the rotational speed only, i.e., F (n) ═ F · S · ψ (n), where F is the design parameter of the rotor and S is the sedimentation constant of the material particles. In the self-pumping continuous flow separation, the operation parameter of the instrument influencing the separation effect is only one item of the rotating speed n. The influence of the error of the rotating speed on the clarity is compensated to a certain extent, and the flow is completely compensated under the condition that the flow is in direct proportion to the square of the rotating speed. The advantage of this new technology in practice is the simplicity of operation. The liquid slinger in fig. 2 is divided into two parts, so that the separated heavy liquid and light liquid in the rotor cavity are respectively discharged from different liquid slingers, and the self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifugal separator is realized.
The invention provides a self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifugal separator, which comprises a driver (1), a main shaft (2), a shaft sleeve (19), a rotor with an annular separation channel, a container with a liquid inlet groove, a heavy liquid collecting groove and a light liquid collecting groove, and the like. The machine also includes a frame, dampers, a housing, etc., which are similar to conventional centrifuges.
The driver (1) drives the rotor to rotate through the main shaft (2) and the shaft sleeve (19). Due to the self-pumping continuous flow phenomenon, the rotor automatically pumps the solution from the liquid inlet groove of the container, the solution is separated by centrifugal force generated by rotation when flowing through the annular separation channel, and the separated heavy liquid and light liquid are simultaneously thrown out of the rotor from the upper liquid throwing tube (21) and the lower liquid throwing tube (23) and are collected in the light liquid collecting tank and the heavy liquid collecting tank respectively.
The self-pumping rotor is provided with a liquid sending channel (15), a separation channel (20), a liquid inlet pipe (8), an upper liquid throwing pipe (21) and a lower liquid throwing pipe (23). The liquid feeding channel (15) is communicated with the liquid inlet pipe (8), the separation channel (20) is connected with the other end of the liquid feeding channel (15) and the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes (21, 23) to form a single fluid channel which passes through the liquid feeding channel (15) and the separation channel (20) from the liquid inlet pipe (8), and the tail end of the fluid flow path of the separation channel (20) is connected with the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes (21, 23). The radial distances from the inlet ends of the upper liquid throwing pipe and the lower liquid throwing pipe to the center of the rotor are different, and the inlet of the upper liquid throwing pipe (21) is closer to the center than the inlet of the lower liquid throwing pipe (23).
The liquid inlet groove of the container is arranged at the upper part or the lower part of the rotor, and when the liquid inlet groove is arranged at the upper part of the rotor, the liquid inlet pipe (8) positioned at the upper end of the rotor enables the liquid conveying channel (15) of the rotor to be connected with the solution in the liquid inlet groove. A light liquid collecting tank and a heavy liquid collecting tank are arranged in the container at the positions corresponding to the height of the openings of the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes (21, 23), and are respectively provided with an upper liquid discharging nozzle (22) and a lower liquid discharging nozzle (24) for discharging and collecting corresponding liquid. When the liquid inlet groove is arranged at the lower part of the rotor, the liquid inlet pipe is arranged at the lower end of the shaft sleeve, and the shaft sleeve is provided with a liquid passing hole (17). The solution in the liquid inlet groove is pumped into the rotor through the annular space between the main shaft (2) and the liquid inlet pipe (8) through the liquid through hole (17).
The invention has the advantages that the rotor of the machine is a continuous rotor and is also a water pump, liquid is automatically supplied into the rotor in the continuous flow centrifugal process, and separated heavy liquid and light liquid are automatically discharged out of the rotor, so that the machine does not need a separate liquid supply pump. Self-pumping continuous flow centrifugation is based on the self-pumping continuous flow phenomenon in which the instrument operating parameter is only one term of the rotational speed due to the inherent dependence between flow and rotational speed in the phenomenon. The influence of the change of the only operation parameter on the separation effect is compensated by the functional relation between the flow and the rotating speed to a certain extent, and can be completely compensated under specific conditions. If the cross section, length and shape of the liquid channel from the liquid inlet pipe (8) to the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes (21, 23) are changed, the relation between the total flow and the rotating speed and the proportion of the light and heavy liquid flow are changed to adapt to the separation requirements of different solutions. When the centrifugal liquid throwing machine is used for extracting the blood plasma of animal blood, the phenomenon of blockage existing in the existing disc-type centrifugal machine is not easy to occur due to the fact that liquid is thrown by centrifugal force, and the continuous operation is longer. The machine also has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a physical model of a self-pumping continuous flow phenomenon.
FIG. 2 is a physical model of self-pumping continuous flow centrifugation.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifuge with the liquid inlet tank at the lower portion. Wherein,
1. driver 2, main shaft 3, lower sealing ring 4, inner ring
5. Middle ring 6, bottom plate 7, outer ring 8, liquid inlet pipe
9. An upper bottom plate 10, an upper outer ring 11, an upper cover 12 and an upper inner ring
13. Rotor body 14, rotor core body 15, liquid feeding channel 16 and plug
17. Liquid through hole 18, middle hole 19, shaft sleeve 20 and separation channel
21. Upper liquid throwing pipe 22, upper liquid discharging nozzle 23, lower liquid throwing pipe 24 and lower liquid discharging nozzle
25. Liquid discharging nozzle 26. liquid inlet nozzle
Fig. 4 is a front sectional view of the rotor of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 a-a section of the rotor (fig. 4 and 6).
Fig. 6 is a front sectional view of the rotor of fig. 7.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifuge with the liquid inlet tank at the top. Wherein,
27. sealing ring 28, liquid inlet groove 29, cover 30, ring 31, centrifugal cavity
An embodiment 1 of the self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifuge of the present invention is illustrated in fig. 7, with the rotor illustrated in fig. 6 and 5. The liquid inlet groove of the centrifuge is arranged at the upper part, the rotor is arranged at the lower part, and the centrifuge can be realized on a laboratory centrifuge, wherein the driver (1) is a motor, and the main shaft (2), the shaft sleeve (19) and the centrifugal cavity (31) are corresponding parts of the original centrifuge.
The rotor (see fig. 6 and 5) comprises a rotor body (13), a rotor core body (14), a plug (16) and upper and lower liquid throwing pipes (21 and 23), wherein a liquid inlet pipe (8) is inserted into the plug (16), and a shaft sleeve (19) is connected with a middle hole in the bottom of the rotor.
The rotor body (13) is a concave disc, the notch faces upwards, the middle part is provided with a central hole, and the lower section of the rotor body is provided with a conical surface which is matched with a corresponding conical surface of the shaft sleeve (19) to transmit torque. The inner cylindrical surface of the rotor body is provided with a rectangular groove (20), the depth of the rectangular groove is deepened along the periphery, and the upper part and the lower part of the deepest part are provided with small inclined holes for installing an upper liquid throwing pipe and a lower liquid throwing pipe (21, 23). The radial distance from the inlet of the upper liquid throwing pipe (21) to the center of the rotor is less than the corresponding distance of the lower liquid throwing pipe (23) so as to throw light liquid and heavy liquid respectively. The positions of the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes are determined by the characteristics and volumes of the light liquid and the heavy liquid. The rotor body can be made of light alloy into a whole, the outer diameter is 150-450 mm, or the rotor body is made into two bodies, wherein the rectangular groove part is integrated, and the rotor body can be made of a material (such as nylon) with the density similar to that of a solution, so that the stability in operation is facilitated.
The rotor core (14) is a disk with a central hole (18) in the center. The middle section of the rotor core body is provided with a spiral hole from the middle hole to the outer edge, the spiral hole is a liquid conveying channel (15), for the convenience of processing, the rotor core body is divided into two disks, a spiral groove is processed on one surface of one or two disks, and the two disks are assembled into a whole after being manufactured and can be made of nylon.
The plug (16) is connected to the bore (18) of the rotor core (14) and contains the liquid inlet pipe (8).
The upper and lower liquid throwing pipes (21, 23) are short pipes, and are stainless pipes, such as copper pipes, the size and the shape of which are determined according to the separation solution, and the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes are formed by bending copper pipes with the inner diameter of 1-3 mm.
The rotor body and the rotor core body, the rotor core body and the plug, the plug and the liquid inlet pipe as well as the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes and the rotor body are fixedly connected, so that the rotor is integrated.
The centrifugal chamber (31) is provided with a container with a light liquid collecting tank and a heavy liquid collecting tank through a ring (30). The upper outer ring (10), the upper inner ring (12) and the upper bottom plate (9) form a light liquid collecting tank, and light liquid thrown from the upper liquid throwing pipe (21) is collected and flows away through the upper liquid discharging nozzle (22). The outer ring (7), the middle ring (5) and the bottom plate (6) form a heavy liquid collecting tank, heavy liquid thrown out from the lower liquid throwing pipe (23) is collected, and the heavy liquid is discharged through the lower liquid discharging nozzle (24). The outer ring (7) is connected with the upper bottom plate (9), and the upper outer ring (10) is connected with the ring (30). A cover (29) is mounted on the ring (30), on which a liquid inlet channel (28) is placed, the bottom of which has a central hole in which a sealing ring (27) is mounted, in which the liquid inlet pipe (8) rotates. The size of the upper outer ring (10) is 200-700 mm. Embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown in fig. 3, and the rotor is different from embodiment 1 in the following points as shown in fig. 4 and 5. In example 2, the liquid inlet groove of the container is arranged at the lower part, the rotor is arranged at the upper part, and the plug (16) of the rotor is a solid body. The main shaft adopts a shaft with 5 mm outer diameter and 150 mm long and good elasticity, and the smooth running of the rotor is easy to ensure by the elasticity of the shaft. The driver (1) drives a shaft sleeve (19) to rotate through the main shaft (2), and the shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the main shaft. The shaft sleeve is provided with 3 inclined eccentric liquid through holes (17) which are part of the liquid inlet channel. The liquid inlet pipe (8) is a copper pipe with the outer diameter of 10 mm and is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the shaft sleeve (19). The annular space between the main shaft and the liquid inlet pipe is a part of the liquid inlet channel.
The liquid inlet tank can be a simple structure (liquid inlet tank (28)) similar to that shown in FIG. 7, or can be a complex container as shown in FIG. 3, and a liquid overflow tank is arranged around the liquid inlet tank. When the rotating speed is higher, a complex container is adopted to keep constant liquid level and avoid the fluctuation of the liquid level. The complex container is provided with an outer ring (7), a middle ring (5) and an inner ring (4) which can be processed into a whole or formed by concentrically connecting the outer ring, the middle ring and the inner ring on a bottom plate (6). The bottom plate and the inner ring form a liquid inlet groove, a middle hole is arranged at the bottom of the liquid inlet groove and used for installing the lower sealing ring (3), the main shaft (2) rotates in the middle hole, and a liquid inlet nozzle (26) is arranged beside the middle hole. The annular groove formed by the inner ring and the middle ring is a liquid overflow groove, the middle ring is higher than the inner ring, and a liquid discharge nozzle (25) is arranged at the bottom of the groove to discharge overflowed solution. The liquid inlet pipe (8) with the outer diameter of 10 mm is contacted with the liquid surface in the liquid inlet groove.
When the rotor rotates at a certain speed and the solution in the container is continuously replenished, the self-pumping continuous centrifugation is realized. At this time, the solution to be separated is pumped into the rotor from the liquid inlet groove by a self-pumping continuous flow action through the liquid inlet pipe (8) or an annular hole between the liquid inlet pipe (8) and the main shaft (2) to reach a middle hole (18) of the rotor, centrifugal separation is completed through the liquid sending channel (15) and the separation channel (20), separated light liquid and heavy liquid are thrown out from the openings of the upper liquid throwing pipe (21) and the lower liquid throwing pipe (23) respectively at the same time, and are discharged by the upper liquid throwing nozzle and the lower liquid throwing nozzle (22) after entering the collection grooves of the light liquid and the heavy liquid respectively. The liquid thrown from the upper and lower liquid throwing pipes (21, 23) is light liquid or heavy liquid, depending on the radial relative position of the liquid throwing pipes in the separation channel, the inner one throws light liquid and the outer one throws heavy liquid.
Claims (3)
1. The self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifugal separator comprises a driver (1), a main shaft (2) and a rotor, and is characterized in that the rotor is a self-pumping rotor provided with a transverse curve or straight line liquid feeding channel (15), a separation channel (20), a liquid feeding pipe (8), an upper liquid throwing pipe (21) and a lower liquid throwing pipe (23), one end of the liquid feeding channel (15) is communicated with the liquid feeding pipe (8), the other end of the liquid feeding channel is connected with the separation channel (20), and the separation channel (20) is connected with the upper liquid throwing pipe (21) and the lower liquid throwing pipe (23).
2. A self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifuge as defined in claim 1 wherein the self-pumping rotor comprises a rotor body (13) and a disc shaped rotating core (14) having a central opening (18) therein and a plug (16) connected to the central opening (18), the rotor body (13) being a concave disc having an upwardly concave recess and a rectangular groove (20) in the inner cylindrical surface thereof, the lower end of the central opening having a tapered surface for engaging with the bushing (19).
3. A self-pumping continuous flow liquid/liquid centrifuge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rotor core (14) is formed as two discs, the two discs are assembled into a single body, and spiral grooves forming the liquid feed passages (15) are formed on one or both surfaces of the two discs in contact with each other.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105311.7A CN1003701B (en) | 1986-08-13 | 1986-08-13 | Continuous self-pumping centrifuge of fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105311.7A CN1003701B (en) | 1986-08-13 | 1986-08-13 | Continuous self-pumping centrifuge of fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86105311A CN86105311A (en) | 1988-03-02 |
| CN1003701B true CN1003701B (en) | 1989-03-29 |
Family
ID=4802804
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86105311.7A Expired CN1003701B (en) | 1986-08-13 | 1986-08-13 | Continuous self-pumping centrifuge of fluid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1003701B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102716817B (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2015-02-04 | 力合科技（湖南）股份有限公司 | Centrifugation device and centrifugation cup of centrifugation device |
-
1986
- 1986-08-13 CN CN86105311.7A patent/CN1003701B/en not_active Expired
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN86105311A (en) | 1988-03-02 |
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