CN100368784C - Production of non-mercury clinical thermometer and liquid alloy temperature carrier therefor - Google Patents
Production of non-mercury clinical thermometer and liquid alloy temperature carrier therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN100368784C CN100368784C CNB2006100246172A CN200610024617A CN100368784C CN 100368784 C CN100368784 C CN 100368784C CN B2006100246172 A CNB2006100246172 A CN B2006100246172A CN 200610024617 A CN200610024617 A CN 200610024617A CN 100368784 C CN100368784 C CN 100368784C
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- clinical thermometer
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- mercury
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910003251 Na K Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CKXQXTDFUFRNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sn].[Na].[K] Chemical compound [Sn].[Na].[K] CKXQXTDFUFRNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynol Chemical group OC#C QFXZANXYUCUTQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QATWTMUAVMVFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Na].[K].[Sn].[In] Chemical compound [Li].[Na].[K].[Sn].[In] QATWTMUAVMVFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000680 avirulence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000743 fusible alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003019 stabilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a preparation method of a non-mercury clinical thermometer and a liquid alloy temperature carrier thereof, which is characterized in that the temperature carrier is Ga, In, Sn, Ka, Na, Li alloy of low melting-point and is capable of keeping stable liquid; the weight percent components are of Ga 65-80, In 3-20, Sn 1-15, Na, K 0.001-5, Li 0.001-2.0, and the weight ratio between the Na and the K is 21.6 to 78.4. The preparation method comprises the steps: the Ga, In, Sn, Ka, Na, Li alloy is firstly heated to reach 300 to 350 DEG C to be melted under the protection of Ar gas or under a vacuum state; a glass capillary of which the internal diameter phi is from 0.05mm to 0.1mm, coal gas or the tip of oxyacetylene blast burner flame is used for heating a tiny region in the position of the simulation shrinking neck of the capillary, making the inner wall of the capillary softened and bubble; a projector is used for observing and controlling the magnitude of the bubbles, and small bubbles are placed to the capillary wall on the opposite surface; then the lower end of the shrinking neck of the capillary is connected with a glass ball-shaped cylinder to form a green body of a glass pipe of the thermometer, and one end of the green body of a glass pipe is provided with an opening; temperature marks of a liquid column are marked and set, and the opening end at the upper part of the capillary of the thermometer is closed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of do not have the liquid alloy temperature carrier that the mercury clinical thermometer uses and the preparation method of clinical thermometer, belong to the clinical thermometer field.
Background technology
Mercury is as the clinical thermometer of temperature carrier, owing to adopt the bigger mercury of toxicity can endanger environment and human body, mouthful outer being limited used.No mercury clinical thermometer is with a wide range of applications.
All be devoted to the no mercury clinical thermometer of exploitation now both at home and abroad, but the liquid alloy carrier that can effectively replace mercury is a major technology key.Patent CN1039162C has proposed a kind of Ga65-95 of containing, In5-22, Sn0-11, Sb0-2, the liquid alloy temperature carrier of Bi0-2, it is Ga50-67 that patent CN1142415C proposes a kind of composition (wt%), In23-30, Sn6-16, Cs0.01-10, Rb0.01-10, the low solution body alloy altogether of Zn0.5-5 can be used as the clinical thermometer temperature carrier.Their fusing point is lower, can replace mercury under certain condition.But they keep liquid stability still to dislike not enough.When temperature lower (as being lower than 5 ℃) or composition fluctuation, be easy to generate deviation and crystallization, liquid is the thickness state, influences the temperature measuring of temperature carrier.On the other hand, expensive In too high levels in these described alloys, what have also contains precious metals such as Cs, Rb, and this causes the liquid alloy selling at exorbitant prices, influences the cost of clinical thermometer, becomes the serious restraining factors that no mercury clinical thermometer is applied.
In addition, because liquid alloy is different with the mercury surface tension, the absorption affinity of they and glass tube walls is also obviously greater than the absorption affinity of mercury and tube wall, therefore the necking down structure of mercury clinical thermometer glass tube is difficult to reply after measurement for the clinical thermometer alloy of new liquid alloy, influences the body fluid alloy by the mobile (see figure 1) of necking down structure easy on and off.
The clinical thermometer of gallium/indium of patent CN1039162C/ashbury metal does not have the necking down structure between glass measuring tube and bottom spheroid, the cross section of its measuring tube and spheroid connecting portion and internal diameter and the identical (see figure 2) of measuring tube.This application proposes to impose the water coating in measuring tube, and makes the method for liquid alloy low-level oxidation, relies on this liquid alloy and measuring tube that bigger clinging power is arranged, and the alloy fluid column is disconnected after measurement.In fact, this method is to be difficult to control and enforcement, and its reliability and repeatability are also relatively poor.
This shows that no mercury clinical thermometer also must be improved the necking down structure of clinical thermometer outside not only needing to consider nontoxic on the carrier but also needing to consider that cost can not be too high, just can satisfy the demand.
Summary of the invention
At the existing problem and shortage of existing report.The present invention's plan is improved the non-toxic aq alloy temperature carrier component of no mercury thermometer and the necking down structure of clinical thermometer has been made significant improvement.Adjustment of the present invention and improved component and composition range as the liquid alloy of temperature carrier, not only reduced the content of expensive In, and to have added the weight ratio of components be 21.6: 78.4, fusing point is-12.63 ℃ Na-K liquid alloy and a spot of metal Li, can obviously improve the low-temperature stability of liquid alloy, can under nearly 0 ℃ low temperature, keep steady state (SS), and can reduce the cost of liquid alloy significantly, can replace mercury better, satisfy the requirement of promoting the use of of no mercury clinical thermometer.
The fluid temperature alloy carrier that no mercury clinical thermometer provided by the invention is used is a kind of low melting point gallium indium tin potassium sodium lithium (CaInSnKNaLi) alloy, it can replace mercury, and avirulence, the temperature carrier of the thermometer that can serve as a model (5～42 ℃) and other thermometric instrument.
Composition (wt%) scope of the liquid alloy temperature carrier gallium indium tin potassium sodium lithium alloy that novel clinical thermometer provided by the invention is used is: Ga:65-80, In:3-20, Sn:1-15, Na and K:0.001-5, Li:0.001-2.0; The Na-K weight ratio is 21.6: 78.4, and it keeps stable low-melting alloy in 5～42 ℃ of scopes.
This alloy is pressed component ratio under vacuum state, or heats under the inert gas shielding of Ar gas, and glass melting temperature is 300～350 ℃, produces silvery white alloy after filtration.
The characteristics of this liquid alloy are: can keep stable liquid down at 3～42 ℃, can not separate out the solid precipitated phase from liquid alloy.
The present invention proposes and has designed the characteristics that adapt to new liq alloy cohesion and adhesive force simultaneously, easily row is easy to implement, service-strong does not have mercury clinical thermometer new necking down structure and method for making, promptly (internal diameter is about Φ 0.05～0.1mm) and vacuumizes for circular or oval-shaped glass capillary to internal diameter, intend the tiny area of bottleneck with the most advanced and sophisticated heated capillary of flames such as coal gas or oxy-acetylene blowtorch, this some place glass is subjected to thermal softening, under the atmospheric pressure effect, kapillary glass inwall is bubbling in pipe, form inside circular arc bubbling in the kapillary, when utilizing projector to observe the circular arc bubbling to be close to the opposite walls of capillary wall, promptly stop to form in the heated capillary circular arc vesicle (see figure 3) of heaving, the arc necking down structure of Xing Chenging like this, both help liquid alloy and varied with temperature current downflow, being convenient to measure the back liquid alloy at thermometer again disconnects at the vesicle bottleneck, and can accomplish at an easy rate that under the monitoring of projector every clinical thermometer has basic identical ground necking down structure and usability, helps guaranteeing not have the quality of mercury clinical thermometer.The enlargement factor of projector is 100 times.
Characteristics of the present invention are conspicuous:
(1) with the liquid alloy temperature carrier that does not contain the mercury composition, replace mercury temperature carrier commonly used, and the cost of described liquid alloy temperature carrier is lower than the no mercury temperature carrier of report again; And can under 5～42 ℃ of temperature, keep better liquid stabilising.
(2) designed a kind of necking down structure, not only easy to make but also practical.
Description of drawings
The necking down structure of the common mercury clinical thermometer glass capillary of Fig. 1.
Glass capillary does not have the necking down structure in the described clinical thermometer of Fig. 2 CN1031962C.
Glass capillary bubble type necking down structural representation (front and side) in Fig. 3 clinical thermometer provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 kapillary bubble structure provided by the invention preparation technology synoptic diagram.
1. glass capillary inwall bubbling necking downs, 2. projector, 3. coal gas or oxy-acetylene blowtorch among the figure
Embodiment
Below by the specific embodiment introduction, further set forth substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and obvious improvement.
Under the Ar gas shiled or vacuum state heating found gallium indium tin potassium sodium lithium alloy, produce silvery white liquid alloy after filtration, stand-by.
Getting internal diameter is Φ 0.06mm glass capillary, and its inwall is evacuated to 10
-2Atmospheric pressure is intended necking down position tiny area heated capillary with gas burner flame tip to kapillary, makes its inwall soften bubbling, observe and control bubbling size with the projector that amplifies 100 times, when the vesicle drum to the opposite tube wall, promptly stop to heat.Guarantee that kapillary forms the necking down structure of little blister.
Use lamp worker technology that the spherical cylinder of kapillary necking part lower end and glass is linked to each other, constitute the glass tube base substrate of clinical thermometer one end opening.
Under high vacuum (10
-6Atmospheric pressure) utilize the pressure differential filling liquid alloy of liquid alloy and vacuum to the clinical thermometer glass tube.The spheroid that clinical thermometer has been irritated liquid alloy places the water of 10 ℃ and 42 ℃ respectively, demarcate the temperature mark of fluid column, and with the sealing of clinical thermometer kapillary upper, open end, promptly make the nontoxic new liquid alloy of no mercury and do temperature carrier, have the clinical thermometer of reliable special necking down structure.
The component of obtained liquid alloy is (wt%): Ga 75 in the present embodiment, and In 15, and Sn 5, Na-K4.0, and Li 1.0.
The weight percent of described liquid alloy temperature carrier consists of Ga 65, and In 20, and Sn 11, and Na-K 3.5, and Li 0.5.The glass capillary diameter is 0.05mm, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
The weight percent component of liquid alloy temperature carrier is Ga 70, and In 15, and Sn 13.95, Na-K1, and Li 0.05.The glass capillary diameter is 0.08mm, and all the other are with embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is not had the liquid alloy temperature carrier that the mercury clinical thermometer is used, and it is characterized in that pluging with molten metal tin potassium sodium file alloy for a kind of sowing 5～42 ℃ of low melting points that keep stable liquids, and the weight percent component is Ga:65-80, In:3-20, Sn:1-15, Na and K:0.001-5, Li:0.001-2.0; The Na-K weight ratio is 21.6: 78.40
2. the liquid alloy temperature carrier of using by the described no mercury clinical thermometer of claim 1 is characterized in that the percentage by weight of alloy preparation consists of Ga 75, and In 15, and Sn 5, Na-K 4.0.Li 1.0
3. the liquid alloy temperature carrier of using by the described no mercury clinical thermometer of claim 1 is characterized in that the percentage by weight of described alloy consists of Ga 65, and In 20, Sn11, and Na-K 3.5, Li O.So
4. the liquid alloy temperature carrier of using by the described no mercury clinical thermometer of claim 1 is characterized in that the percentage by weight of described alloy consists of Ga 70, and In 15, Sn13.95, and Na-K 1, and Li 0.05.
5. the method for preparing no mercury clinical thermometer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that preparation process is:
(a) under the Ar gas shiled or vacuum state heating found to transfer and plug with molten metal tin potassium sodium file alloy, produce silvery white liquid alloy after filtration, glass melting temperature is 300～3500 ℃;
(b) getting internal diameter is φ 0.05～0.1mm glass capillary, and its inwall is evacuated to 10
-2One big kapillary makes its inwall soften bubbling, observe and control bubbling size with projector, when the vesicle drum to the opposite tube wall, promptly stop heating, guarantee that kapillary forms the necking down structure of arc;
(c) use lamp worker technology that the spherical cylinder of kapillary necking part lower end and glass is linked to each other, constitute the glass tube base substrate of clinical thermometer one end opening;
(d) 10
-6The pressure differential filling liquid alloy that utilizes liquid alloy and vacuum under the atmospheric pressure high vacuum is to the clinical thermometer glass tube.The spheroid that clinical thermometer has been irritated liquid alloy places the water of 10 ℃ and 42 ℃ respectively, demarcate the temperature mark of fluid column, and with the sealing of clinical thermometer kapillary upper, open end, promptly make no quicksilver water body alloy and do temperature carrier, have the clinical thermometer of arc necking down structure.
6. by the preparation method of the described no mercury clinical thermometer of claim 5, it is characterized in that the arc vesicle is close to opposite capillaceous inwall.
7. by the preparation method of the described no mercury clinical thermometer of claim 5, it is characterized in that the glass capillary internal diameter is for circular or oval.
8. by the preparation method of the described no mercury clinical thermometer of claim 5, enlargement factor is 100 times when it is characterized in that the projector observation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006100246172A CN100368784C (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2006-03-10 | Production of non-mercury clinical thermometer and liquid alloy temperature carrier therefor |
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| CNB2006100246172A CN100368784C (en) | 2006-03-10 | 2006-03-10 | Production of non-mercury clinical thermometer and liquid alloy temperature carrier therefor |
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| CN1818576A CN1818576A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
| CN100368784C true CN100368784C (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100534639C (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-09-02 | 江阴职业技术学院 | Thermometer automatic classification sorting device |
| CN100516796C (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-07-22 | 江阴职业技术学院 | Thermometer reference graduation automatic calibration and reticule device |
| CN101555402A (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2009-10-14 | 无锡市医用仪表厂 | Thermometer temperature sensing liquid containing gallium alloy |
| CN103134603B (en) * | 2013-02-21 | 2015-06-24 | 徐学海 | Mercury-free clinical thermometer and production method thereof |
| CN104117780B (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2016-10-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Chromium-molybdenum steel tube bundle and tube plate maintenance process |
| CN104711470B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2018-05-04 | 杭州龙灿液态金属科技有限公司 | A kind of gallium basal cell temperature liquid alloy |
| CN105973489A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-09-28 | 深圳市大材液态金属科技有限公司 | Low-surface-adhesion liquid metal and application of low-surface-adhesion liquid metal in thermometer |
| CN110987208B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-11-24 | 安徽方达药械股份有限公司 | Core pinching device for thermometer production |
| CN114518177B (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-08-02 | 四川大学 | Glass thermometer based on eutectic composition of ionic liquid |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1039162C (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 1998-07-15 | 格腊贝格温度计装置有限公司 | Thermometer |
-
2006
- 2006-03-10 CN CNB2006100246172A patent/CN100368784C/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1039162C (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 1998-07-15 | 格腊贝格温度计装置有限公司 | Thermometer |
| US6019509A (en) * | 1992-08-19 | 2000-02-01 | Geraberger Thermometerwerk Gmbh | Low melting gallium, indium, and tin eutectic alloys, and thermometers employing same |
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| CN1818576A (en) | 2006-08-16 |
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Effective date of registration: 20120817 Address after: 252201 No. 29 Xiangjiang Road, Dong'e County, Shandong, Liaocheng Patentee after: Donge Ejiao Ehua Medical Equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 252201, Shandong County, Dong'e Province, chat slippery South Road Patentee before: Wang Weijian |
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Address after: 252201 No. 29 Xiangjiang Road, Dong'e County, Shandong, Liaocheng Patentee after: Dong'e A Hua Medical Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 252201 No. 29 Xiangjiang Road, Dong'e County, Shandong, Liaocheng Patentee before: Donge Ejiao Ehua Medical Equipment Co., Ltd. |